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Equation of Continuity Grade 11 - Simulation Answers

The document discusses the equation of continuity, which states that the mass flow rate and volume flow rate must be the same at all points in a closed pipe. A simulation is used to show that as the cross-sectional area of a pipe increases, the speed of fluid flowing through it decreases while the volume flow rate remains constant. The continuity equation relating fluid velocity, cross-sectional area, and volume flow rate at different points in a closed pipe system is identified.

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163 views

Equation of Continuity Grade 11 - Simulation Answers

The document discusses the equation of continuity, which states that the mass flow rate and volume flow rate must be the same at all points in a closed pipe. A simulation is used to show that as the cross-sectional area of a pipe increases, the speed of fluid flowing through it decreases while the volume flow rate remains constant. The continuity equation relating fluid velocity, cross-sectional area, and volume flow rate at different points in a closed pipe system is identified.

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Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Equation of Continuity Grade 11

• The mass flow rate and the volume flow rate are always the same in a closed pipe. Why do you think
that has to be the case? (Try and think about what might happen if the rates were not the same).
Ans. The mass flow rate and the volume flow rate have to be the same because the same numbers that
equal the mass are also a part of the volume. If the numbers were not the same, then the pipe would
probably burst and break.

Setup
§ Select the ‘Flux meter’ option
§ Drag the pipe so that you have areas of 12.5 m2, 10.0 m2, 5.0 m2, 2.5 m2, and 1.0 m2

What do you notice about the volume flow rate at different points along the pipe?

Ans. When the pipe is narrower, the flow rate is much quicker. When the pipe is wider, the flow rate is slower

What do you notice about the speed of the water at different points along the pipe? When is the water the
fastest? The slowest?

Ans. Water is the fastest when it is going along the narrow side of the pipe. Water is the slowest at the widest
parts of the pipe.

Use the simulation to fill in the table below.


Area Speed Volume Flow Rate
(m2) (m/s) (m3/s)
1.0
5.0 25.0
2.5
2.0 10.0
5.0
1.0 5.0
10.0
0.5 25.0
12.5
0.4 2.0

Determine the continuity formula, which relates two points where fluid flows in a closed pipe.
Ans. p1A1v1 = p2A2v2 , where p = density, A = area of cross-section and v = velocity.
Answer the questions below about water moving through a closed pipe.
Determine the speed at which water would flow through a point in the pipe that has a cross sectional area of
0.25 m2 and a volume flow rate of 5.0 m3/s.

Determine the speed at which water would flow through a point in the pipe that has a cross sectional area of
0.25 m2 and a volume flow rate of 10.0 m3/s.

Determine the speed at which water would flow through a point in the pipe that has a cross sectional area of
1.0 m2 and a volume flow rate of 10.0 m3/s.

Determine the speed at which water would flow through a point in the pipe that has a cross sectional area of
1.0 m2 and a volume flow rate of 20.0 m3/s.

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