Scribd
Upload
78 views4 pages

Assignment 5 Solutions

This document provides an introduction to wireless and cellular communications. It includes sample problems and solutions related to topics like differentially modulated bit streams, symbol rates, error propagation, bit error rates, symbol error rates, fading models like Rayleigh and Rician fading, and interleaving. The key topics covered are differential modulation, error rates under different modulation schemes, and modeling of wireless channel fading. Sample problems and solutions are provided to illustrate concepts related to modulation, error rates, and fading channel models.

Uploaded by

M RAVI KISHORE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
78 views4 pages

Assignment 5 Solutions

This document provides an introduction to wireless and cellular communications. It includes sample problems and solutions related to topics like differentially modulated bit streams, symbol rates, error propagation, bit error rates, symbol error rates, fading models like Rayleigh and Rician fading, and interleaving. The key topics covered are differential modulation, error rates under different modulation schemes, and modeling of wireless channel fading. Sample problems and solutions are provided to illustrate concepts related to modulation, error rates, and fading channel models.

Uploaded by

M RAVI KISHORE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS AND CELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS

Assignment – 5
1. Answer: (a)

Let the differentially modulated bit stream be represented by {bk }


b 0=0 , b k =b k−1 i k
b 1=0 0=0
b 2=0 0=0
b 3=0 1=1
b 4=1 1=0
b 5=0 0=0
b 6=0 1=1

2. Answer: (c)

Solution:

Symbol period = 20us implies bandwidth = 50kHz


Because of QPSK, total bit rate = 2*50 = 100kbps

Data rate = 100kbps-40kbps = 60kbps

3. Answer: (d)

Solution:

As discussed in lecture videos, coherent modulation and differential detection leads


to catastrophic error propagation. That is, if there is an error in detection of 1 bit,
because of considering differences while demodulation, the error will propagate to
future bits catastrophically.

4. Answer: (d)

Solution:

Assuming Grey coding, BER for QPSK is given as,


2 Eb
BER=Q (√ )
N0
=Q ( √ 2∗10❑ ) =4.78 ×10−4

5. Answer: (A)

Solution:

P(symbol is in error) = P(first bit in error) + P(second bit in error) – P(both bit in error)
= P(first bit in error) + P(second bit in error) – P(first bit in error)* P(second bit in
error)

So,
2
2 Eb 2 Eb
SER=2 Q (√ ) (√ )
N0
−Q
N0
=9.56 ×10−6

6. Answer: (d)

Solution:

P(both bits received correctly)


= P(first bit received correctly)* P(second bit received correctly)
2
= ( 1−P e )

7. Answer: (A)

8. Answer: (A)

BER of coherent BFSK assuming Rayleigh fading is,

BER=0.5 1− ( √ 2+ΓΓ )=0.030


Where, Γis SNR.

9. Answer: (A)

Solution:

Rice factor = Power in LOS component/Power in NLOS component


Since, there is no LOS component, k=0.

10. Answer: (B)

Solution:

Rice factor = Power in LOS component/Power in NLOS component


So, k will decrease with decrease in the power of Line of Sight (LOS) component

11. Answer: (a)

Rayleigh fading is Rice fading with no LOS component, so Rician with k=0 is the
correct answer.
Also, Nakagami-m with m=1 is Rayleigh fading (m=( k +1 )2 /(2 k +1)=1).

12. Answer: (b)

Rician fading is suitable for such a environment.


13. Answer: (a)

14. Answer: (c)

Solution:

If the interleaver is of size (i × j) , a ( j×i) interleaver can act as a de-interleaver.

15. Answer: (d)

16. Answer: (b)


17. Answer: (a)

18. Answer: (c)

Solution:

No Path-Loss + No noise -> All the received symbols will have the same power
 They all will lie on the unit circle

Doppler introduces phase shift on the unit circle.

So the answer is c

You might also like