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    Cryptography and Cryptanalysis

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    Dharma Reddy
    This document discusses cryptography and cryptanalysis. It defines key terms like plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, and cryptanalysis. It describes symmetric cryptographic systems that use a single secret key. It also discusses different types of cryptanalytic attacks like ciphertext-only, known plaintext, chosen plaintext, and chosen ciphertext attacks. Brute-force attacks are defined as trying every possible key until intelligible plaintext is obtained. On average, half of all keys must be tried for success.

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    Cryptography and Cryptanalysis

    Uploaded by

    Dharma Reddy
    59 views10 pages
    This document discusses cryptography and cryptanalysis. It defines key terms like plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, and cryptanalysis. It describes symmetric cryptographic systems that use a single secret key. It also discusses different types of cryptanalytic attacks like ciphertext-only, known plaintext, chosen plaintext, and chosen ciphertext attacks. Brute-force attacks are defined as trying every possible key until intelligible plaintext is obtained. On average, half of all keys must be tried for success.

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    This document discusses cryptography and cryptanalysis. It defines key terms like plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, and cryptanalysis. It describes symmetric cryptographic systems that use a single secret key. It also discusses different types of cryptanalytic attacks like ciphertext-only, known plaintext, chosen plaintext, and chosen ciphertext attacks. Brute-force attacks are defined as trying every possible key until intelligible plaintext is obtained. On average, half of all keys must be tried for success.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    59 views10 pages

    Cryptography and Cryptanalysis

    Uploaded by

    Dharma Reddy
    This document discusses cryptography and cryptanalysis. It defines key terms like plaintext, ciphertext, encryption, decryption, and cryptanalysis. It describes symmetric cryptographic systems that use a single secret key. It also discusses different types of cryptanalytic attacks like ciphertext-only, known plaintext, chosen plaintext, and chosen ciphertext attacks. Brute-force attacks are defined as trying every possible key until intelligible plaintext is obtained. On average, half of all keys must be tried for success.

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    SWE3002 Information and Systems

    Security
    Prof. Selva Rani B
    Module-II
    Elementary Cryptography
    Cryptography and Cryptanalysis-Definitions
     Plain Text
     An original message
     Cipher Text
     The coded message
     Enciphering/encryption
     The process of converting from plaintext to ciphertext
     Deciphering/decryption
     Restoring the plaintext from the ciphertext
     Cryptography
     The area of study of the many schemes used for encryption
    Cryptography and Cryptanalysis-Definitions
     Cryptographic system/cipher
     A scheme
     Cryptanalysis
     Techniques used for deciphering a message without any knowledge
    of the enciphering details
     Cryptology
     The areas of cryptography and cryptanalysis
    Model of Symmetric Encryption
    Symmetric Crypto System
    Cryptographic Systems
     Characterized along three independent dimensions:
     The type of operations used for transforming plaintext to
    ciphertext
     Substitution
     Transposition
     The number of keys used
     Symmetric, single-key, secret-key, conventional encryption
     Asymmetric, two-key, or public-key encryption
     The way in which the plaintext is processed
     Block cipher
     Stream cipher
    Cryptanalysis and Brute-Force Attack
     Cryptanalysis
     Attack relies on the nature of the algorithm plus some knowledge
    of the general characteristics of the plaintext
     Attack exploits the characteristics of the algorithm to attempt to
    deduce a specific plaintext or to deduce the key being used
     Brute-Force Attack
     Attacker tries every possible key on a piece of ciphertext
    until an intelligible translation into plaintext is obtained
     On average, half of all possible keys must be tried to achieve
    success
    Types of Attacks
    Type of Attack Known to Cryptanalyst
    Ciphertext Only • Encryption algorithm
    • Ciphertext
    Known Plaintext • Encryption algorithm
    • Ciphertext
    • One or more plaintext-ciphertext pairs formed with the Secret
    key
    Chosen Plaintext Encryption algorithm
    • Ciphertext
    • Plaintext message chosen by cryptanalyst, together with its
    corresponding ciphertext generated with the secret key
    Chosen Ciphertext Encryption algorithm
    • Ciphertext
    • Ciphertext chosen by cryptanalyst, together with its
    corresponding decrypted plaintext generated with the Secret
    key
    Chosen Text • Encryption algorithm
    • Ciphertext
    • Plaintext message chosen by cryptanalyst, together with its
    corresponding ciphertext generated with the secret key
    • Ciphertext chosen by cryptanalyst, together with its
    corresponding decrypted plaintext generated with the secret
    key
    Brute-Force Attack
     Involves trying every possible key until an intelligible
    translation of the ciphertext into plaintext is obtained
     On average, half of all possible keys must be tried to
    achieve success
     To supplement the brute-force approach, some
    degree of knowledge about the expected plaintext is
    needed, and some means of automatically
    distinguishing plaintext from garble is also needed

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