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    PCM Systems - Signaling

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    ummay rubab
    Incoming analog signals are digitized and transmitted via time division multiplexing across PCM channels. Signaling information can be carried either within or between time slots. The DS1 standard in North America uses a frame of 193 bits repeated every 125 microseconds, corresponding to a 1.544 Mbps transmission rate. This standard forms the basis of digital transmission and is made up of 24 individual 64 kbps PCM channels in each frame. The European 30-channel PCM system uses a 32 time slot frame with a total bit rate of 2.048 Mbps, with certain time slots used for framing and signaling across the 30 channels.

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    PCM Systems - Signaling

    Uploaded by

    ummay rubab
    15 views5 pages
    Incoming analog signals are digitized and transmitted via time division multiplexing across PCM channels. Signaling information can be carried either within or between time slots. The DS1 standard in North America uses a frame of 193 bits repeated every 125 microseconds, corresponding to a 1.544 Mbps transmission rate. This standard forms the basis of digital transmission and is made up of 24 individual 64 kbps PCM channels in each frame. The European 30-channel PCM system uses a 32 time slot frame with a total bit rate of 2.048 Mbps, with certain time slots used for framing and signaling across the 30 channels.

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    Incoming analog signals are digitized and transmitted via time division multiplexing across PCM channels. Signaling information can be carried either within or between time slots. The DS1 standard in North America uses a frame of 193 bits repeated every 125 microseconds, corresponding to a 1.544 Mbps transmission rate. This standard forms the basis of digital transmission and is made up of 24 individual 64 kbps PCM channels in each frame. The European 30-channel PCM system uses a 32 time slot frame with a total bit rate of 2.048 Mbps, with certain time slots used for framing and signaling across the 30 channels.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    15 views5 pages

    PCM Systems - Signaling

    Uploaded by

    ummay rubab
    Incoming analog signals are digitized and transmitted via time division multiplexing across PCM channels. Signaling information can be carried either within or between time slots. The DS1 standard in North America uses a frame of 193 bits repeated every 125 microseconds, corresponding to a 1.544 Mbps transmission rate. This standard forms the basis of digital transmission and is made up of 24 individual 64 kbps PCM channels in each frame. The European 30-channel PCM system uses a 32 time slot frame with a total bit rate of 2.048 Mbps, with certain time slots used for framing and signaling across the 30 channels.

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    7.3.4.

    PCM Systems / Signalling


    In PCM systems, signalling and speech are sampled, coded and transmitted within the frame of PCM channels.
    Thus, with PCM, a convenient way of transmission is possible. The signaling information and speech information
    carried in the same time slot is referred as inslotsignalling. The signalling information carried in a separate time slot
    is referred as outslotsignalling. The timeslot of the inslotsignalling is fixed at eight bits.Telephone channels are
    combined by time division multiplexing to form an assmebly of 24 or 30 channels. This is known as primary
    multiplex group. Two frame structures are widely used in practice. They are DS1 24 channel system and European
    30 channel system. DS1 24 channel system is popular in North America and Japan. Originally, DS1 is called as T1
    system.
    The table 7.2 lists the digital TDM signals of North America and Japan. DS0 is a 64 kbps signal that makes up the
    basis for the DS1.

    Incoming analog signals were time division multiplexed and digitized for transmission.
    Each individual TDM channel are assigned 8 bits per time slot. Each frame is made of 24 × 8
    bits = 192 bits plus one additional bit added to each frame to identity the fame boundaries.
    Thus each frame contains 193 bits. The frame interval is 125 sec. Hence the basic T1 line rate
    is 1.544 Mbps. This line rate has been established as the fundamental standard for digital
    transmission.
    30 channel PCM system. It is based on 30 speech channels transmitted within a frame
    of 32 time slots (0 to 31). The total bit rate is 32 × 8 × 8 kbits/sec = 2048 kbps. Channel 0 is used
    for providing the framing signal and channel 16 is used for transmitting the signalling
    information relating to speech channels 1 to 15 and 17 to 31. Fig. 7.6 shows the 30 channel
    PCM system

    The 8 bits of channel 16 are shared between the 30 channels by a process of multiframing. 16
    successive appearances of channel 16 form a multiframe of 8 bit time slots. Frame 0 contains a
    multiframe alignment signal. Frame 1 to 16 of Fig. 7.6 (b) contains four bits of signalling
    infomation for each of 2 channels. This arrangement enables a much larger number of signals
    to be exchanged.

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