JESSICA A.

ISLETA EM 605
Ed.D Mr. Eduardo Dizon

1. The State promotes quality education for all. How is this quality of education concretized into
program(s)?

Answer:

The state or the Philippines promotes the quality of education through series of projects like
modifying the old-complicating, correcting and expanding the kind of curriculum that we currently
have to help students think critically and transform their minds. In order to provide all the citizen
especially the poor, our government is trying to reach far areas and bring them the kind of education
that they deserve. Nowadays everybody can go to school and have a free education. Different
programs like BPOSA and ALS are brought to encourage all the members of the society to be
educated.

2. Despite the Constitutional provision on free public education in the basic education (Elementary
and Secondary), why do private schools exist?

Answer:

Private Schools exist because parents often based their willingness to give their children a
specific peer group whether it is based on discipline, cultural or religious background or philosophical
belief. There are also some reasons why some parents do choose private school over public school;
Here are some of the reasons

a. Class size in public vs. private schools

Overcrowding of public school classrooms is one of the most common complaints about the
public education system, a significant problem that inspires parents to seek private school alternatives.

b. School Governance

Because they do not use public funds (or in some areas, less funds), private schools are not as
restricted in their program development or curricula. Private schools are not subject to budget
limitations imposed by the state (although, they may in fact, have more restrictive limitations).
This freedom allows private schools to develop their own curricula. As long as parents agree with the
intellectual, philosophical or religious basis brought to the curricula, this independence from
'government interference' is seen as a great advantage of private schools over public.
On the other hand, public schools use curricula designed to include all students, thus invoking in
them a tolerance for others.

c. In the more prestigious private and boarding schools, there are likely to be teachers who are
much more highly qualified, with graduate degrees and higher level awards. Actual teacher
certification on a state-by-state or province-by-province basis varies and is always being revised, so
blanket statements are not helpful or appropriate.
 d. Private schools admittance vs. public school admittance

Private schools are allowed to expel students and can choose not to allow certain students admittance.
In fact, many private schools are difficult to get into. Public schools allow all students, regardless of
religious creed, academic abilities or any other factor. Sending a child to a private school means
enrollment is selective and demands are uniformly higher versus a public school where they will be
exposed to a wider variety of people and abilities.

3. What are the different scholarship grants, loan programs and other subsidies which the
government provides to pupils/students in the education institutions you are connected with?

Answer:

In our school where I teach, the government provides less fortunate students the 4Ps or The
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program which is a poverty reduction strategy that provides grants to
extremely poor households to improve their health, nutrition and education particularly of children
aged 0-14 by providing incentives for poor families.

4. Cite the existing non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems and out-of-school study
programs that the government implements? How are these implemented?

Answer:
These are the non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems and out-of-school study
programs that the government implements

 The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA) provides a strong policy basis for Indigenous
Peoples’ Rights to Education. The formulation carries a strong articulation of positive educational
outcomes against the colonial foundations of education in the Philippines.
 IP Core Curriculum design and content
The IP Core Curriculum was a special project under the leadership of the Dep-Ed Bureau of
Alternative Learning System [BALS]. It was foreign-funded and initially developed to provide IPs
with the needed learning values and life skills in the development and protection of their ancestral
domains and their cultures. A learner from a certain indigenous cultural community is expected to go
through this curriculum with consciousness of the whole context or process to be undertaken and to
apply learning to his or her specific community. This curriculum development program was a response
to the clamor of some IP leaders for an IP Core Curriculum after Dep-Ed conducted a series of
consultations and dialogues with various stakeholders, local IP leaders, ALS implementers, and IP
educators. The dialogues revealed the following: a) the DepEd basic formal education and non-formal
education curricula do not respond to the specific needs of IPs; b) IPs are seldom or never consulted in
developing the curriculum to suit their peculiar educational needs; c) formal schools and non-formal
education sessions continue to use English and Tagalog, rather than IP languages, as the medium of
instruction; and d) IP curricula offered by other organizations and mission schools are not recognized
by DepEd.
 Alternative Learning System
It is a parallel learning system in the Philippines that provides a practical option to the existing
formal instruction. When one does not have or cannot access formal education in schools, ALS is an
alternate or substitute. ALS includes both the non-formal and informal sources of knowledge and
skills.
 BPOSA
Balik-Paaralan Para sa Out-of-School Adults (BP-OSA) Implementation Utilizing the Nonformal
Education Accrediation and Equivalency (NFE A& E) SystemPursuant to DECS Order No. 41; s.
2001, the implementation of the Balik Paaralan Para Sa Out-of-School Adults Program was turned
over/transferred from the Bureau of Secondary Education (BSE) to the Bureau of Non-formal
Education (BNFE). The BP-OSA was initially implemented by BSE in 33 participating secondary
schools nationwide.
 The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA) provides a strong policy basis for Indigenous
Peoples’ Rights to Education. The formulation carries a strong articulation of positive educational
outcomes against the colonial foundations of education in the Philippines. Education was used as a key
institution during the early twentieth century to drive American colonial policies and programs in the
Philippines.

5. What are the requirements that private individuals/groups have to comply with should they intend
to put up an educational institution?

Answer:

Even with the government’s K+12 program, there is still a huge demand for private schools. In
fact, for those with the means, there may still be an incentive for parents to enroll their kids in private
schools. The main government institutions that regulate the establishment of schools is the Department
of Education (DepEd). To give the reader information, here are some of the basic requirements that
you must comply with:

A. Complete the GPR-4 Form. This is the primary form provided by the DepEd for those
interested in applying for a Preschool, Day Care Center, Primary or Secondary schools.

B. Submit the Articles of Incorporation and By-laws. You must first register with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as you need to form a corporation and acquire a
corporate name.

C. Present Copy of the Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) and document of ownership of the
school site or copy of Lease Contract (at least 10 years).

D. Find an acceptable location and determine the size of the preschool. The proposed site
must not be hazardous to health or morality, and the location must be conducive to the learning
process. The area must be a minimum of 500 square meters, although a minimum of 200 square
meters is allowed if there is an open space to complete the requirement that is not more than 200
meters away. Note that classrooms used by preschool children must be on the ground floor only.

E. Present a certification of bank deposit. Besides the usual requirement of the SEC to show the
paid-up capital, the DepEd requires certification that sufficient funds are available to run the school’s
operation for at least one year.

F. Present a proposed budget. Create a planned budget and forecast of expenditures for the next
year, as approved by the Board of Trustees/ Directors.

G. Plan on campus development and list of facilities. This would include all those necessary in
order to properly teach the listed courses along with the support services. Note that pictures of the site,
rooms and facilities are also required.

H. List of personnel and qualifications. This should include school administrators and both
teaching and non-teaching personnel.

I. Bond Agreement. This is in the amount of 1,000 per course with a maximum of PhP5,000 per
school regardless of the number of courses.

6. What rewards does the government provide to individuals/groups who venture into putting up a
school?

Answer:

Any school that is established as a stock corporation shall be ineligible for any form of
government subsidy, incentive or assistance, except those given to individual, students and teachers in
the form of scholarship, student’s loan or other form of subsidy as already mandated under existing
laws. Government assistance to non-stock schools for educational purposes shall be used exclusively
for that purpose. Taxes should not be due on donations to educational corporation.

7. What does academic freedom connote? Give instances on how this is being practiced/observed?

Answer:

Academic freedom is the belief that the freedom of inquiry by faculty members is essential to the
mission of the academy as well as the principles of academia, and that scholars should have freedom
to teach or communicate ideas or facts (including those that are inconvenient to external political
groups or to authorities) without being targeted for repression, job loss, or imprisonment.
Academic freedom implies not just freedom from constraint but also freedom for faculty and students
to work within a scholarly community to develop the intellectual and personal qualities required of
citizens in a vibrant democracy and participants in a vigorous economy. Academic freedom is
protected by society so that faculty and students can use that freedom to promote the larger good.

Academic freedom is a contested issue and has limitations in practice. In the United States, for
example, according to the widely recognized "1940 Statement on Academic Freedom and Tenure" of
the American Association of University Professors, teachers should be careful to avoid controversial
matter that is unrelated to the subject. When they speak or write in public, they are free to express their
opinions without fear from institutional censorship or discipline, but they should show restraint and
clearly indicate that they are not speaking for their institution.Academic tenure protects academic
freedom by ensuring that teachers can be fired only for causes such as gross professional
incompetence or behavior that evokes condemnation from the academic community itself.
8. What is the Constitutional provision relative to national language in the country? official
languages as media of instruction?

Answer:

The Constitutional provision relative to national language in the country is Executive Order No.
134, s. 1937 PROCLAMING THE NATIONAL LANGUAGE OF THE PHILIPPINES BASED
ON THE “TAGALOG” LANGUAGE

9. What actions does the State do to encourage the development of Science and Technology?

Answer:

The state or the government does many projects and programs to support and encourage the
development of Science and Technology and The Philippines' Department of Science and
Technology (abbreviated as DOST; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Agham at Teknolohiya), is the executive
department of the Philippine Government responsible for the coordination of science and technology-
related projects in the Philippines and to formulate policies and projects in the fields of science and
technology in support of national development.

10. In your respective school, cite some programs/activities that apparently promote Arts and
Culture and Sports?

Answer:

We annually celebrate Intramural and Sports Fest to promote Arts, Culture and Sports. There is
also a yearly competition for the arts like painting, sketching and art related projects for students.