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    What Is Pad Foundation? Design Principles, Types and Selection

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    Nhoek Ren
    Pad foundations are shallow foundations that spread concentrated loads from structures evenly to the soil. They are preferred when soil strength is sufficient and not too deep. Pad foundations come in various types depending on factors like soil bearing capacity, structure loads, column arrangement, and cost. The main types are plain concrete, reinforced concrete, continuous, combined, and pad with ground beam foundations. Reinforced concrete pads are often square to simplify reinforcement, while rectangular pads can handle eccentric loads. Combined and continuous pads provide load balancing and resistance to differential settlement.

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    What Is Pad Foundation? Design Principles, Types and Selection

    Uploaded by

    Nhoek Ren
    669 views5 pages
    Pad foundations are shallow foundations that spread concentrated loads from structures evenly to the soil. They are preferred when soil strength is sufficient and not too deep. Pad foundations come in various types depending on factors like soil bearing capacity, structure loads, column arrangement, and cost. The main types are plain concrete, reinforced concrete, continuous, combined, and pad with ground beam foundations. Reinforced concrete pads are often square to simplify reinforcement, while rectangular pads can handle eccentric loads. Combined and continuous pads provide load balancing and resistance to differential settlement.

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    Pad foundations are shallow foundations that spread concentrated loads from structures evenly to the soil. They are preferred when soil strength is sufficient and not too deep. Pad foundations come in various types depending on factors like soil bearing capacity, structure loads, column arrangement, and cost. The main types are plain concrete, reinforced concrete, continuous, combined, and pad with ground beam foundations. Reinforced concrete pads are often square to simplify reinforcement, while rectangular pads can handle eccentric loads. Combined and continuous pads provide load balancing and resistance to differential settlement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    669 views5 pages

    What Is Pad Foundation? Design Principles, Types and Selection

    Uploaded by

    Nhoek Ren
    Pad foundations are shallow foundations that spread concentrated loads from structures evenly to the soil. They are preferred when soil strength is sufficient and not too deep. Pad foundations come in various types depending on factors like soil bearing capacity, structure loads, column arrangement, and cost. The main types are plain concrete, reinforced concrete, continuous, combined, and pad with ground beam foundations. Reinforced concrete pads are often square to simplify reinforcement, while rectangular pads can handle eccentric loads. Combined and continuous pads provide load balancing and resistance to differential settlement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    What is Pad Foundation?

    Design
    Principles,Types and Selection
    Home/ Structural Engineering / Foundation Design / What is Pad Foundation? Design
    Principles,Types and Selection

    What is Pad Foundation?


    The pad foundations are shallow foundation that take and spread point loads to the soil safely.
    The pad foundation are preferred if the soil at the site have sufficient strength and is not too deep
    to construct. The thickness of pad foundations are generally uniform. In some situations the
    upper surface can be stepped or sloped.The design of pad foundation is simple and straight which
    makes them an economic solution.

    Design Principle of Pad Foundation


    As defined, the pad foundation is supposed to spread the concentrated load safely to the bearing
    stratum. Hence, pad foundation must be designed stiff so that uniform spreading of the load to
    the soil must happen without making the foundation pressure exceed the permissible bearing
    stress. This requirement is achieved by either reinforcing the pad or making the pad deep. Both
    the methods helps to spread the force in a predefined angle.

    The angle of spreading is determined based on te bearing capacity of the underlying soil and the
    concrete strength. The size of the pad must be such that tension need to be prevented within the
    concrete so that no cracking is caused, which will result in failure.

    The ability to resist the punching shear is the governing criteria that determines the depth of
    reinforced concrete pad foundations. Another important factor governing the depth of pad is the
    ability to resist the bending.

    The pad foundation arrangement is mainly dependent on the load bearing capacity of the soil, the
    structure to be supported, available space and the imposed loads. Based on these factors the
    “pads” can be arranged as:

     Separate discrete pads


     Base pads that are balanced. This will supposed more than one point loads
     Continuous pads
     Series of pads supporting a continuous beam

    Types of Pad Foundations


    Pad foundations are generally rectangular or square foundation to transfer load from structure to
    the ground. These are provided at shallow depth and are shallow foundations.

    Read More : Foundations

    The major types of foundations are:

    1. Plain Concrete
    2. Reinforced Concrete
    3. Continuous Pad foundation
    4. Combined Pad Foundation
    5. Pad and Ground Beam Foundation

    1. Plain Concrete Pad Foundation

    Plain concrete is non- reinforced concrete pad foundation which is an economic option where the
    loading is relatively light as T must equal P ( As shown in figure-1 below) otherwise excessively
    thick pads are needed which is not economic. The selected depth of the pad must be equal to the
    distance between the vertical element face and the edge of the pad on both the sides.
    Fig.1:Plain concrete pad foundation

    2. Reinforced Concrete Pad Foundations

    Reinforced concrete enables relatively wide but shallow foundations, often designed to be square
    plan area to make the reinforcing cage easier to construct and place. Rectangular pads are used
    for eccentric/inclined loading (longer dimension parallel to direction of inclination/eccentricity).
    The thickness demanded by these type of foundation will be less.

    Fig.2: Reinforced concrete pad foundations

    3. Combined Pad Foundations

    Combined pad foundations are adopted close to a site boundary to enable the balancing effect of
    an internal column to be incorporated.
    Fig.3: Combined pad foundation

    The existence of a service or a utility may restrict the extension of the pad foundation. As shown
    in the figure above, the pad of the external column will be connected to the internal column pad.
    This will help to counterbalance the loads coming.

    4. Continuous Pad Foundations

    Continuous pad exists when pads and the columns they support are fairly closely spaced.
    Extending the reinforcing between pads ensures longitudinal stiffness. This technique helps in
    resisting the differential settlement.

    Fig.5: Continuous pad foundations

    5. Pad and Ground Beam

    Pad and ground beam comprises smaller isolated pads are connected by ground beams to provide
    structural rigidity.
    Fig.6: Pad foundation with continuous beam

    The technique helps in improving the integrity along with balancing the eccentric loads.

    Selection of Type of Pad Foundation


    Among different pad foundations explained, the selection is based on the following factors:

    1. The safe bearing capacity of the soil


    2. The load to be supported
    3. The Column arrangement
    4. Site conditions
    5. Accessibility
    6. Subsurface conditions
    7. The depth of water table
    8. Cost Conditions

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