PRIST UNIVERSITY – TRICHY CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

B.Tech [Part Time] Mechanical Engineering

II Year - III Semester [Regulation 2012]
Question Banks

Sl.No Subject code Subject Name

12154H32P/
1 Kinematics of Machinery
13154H32P

12154H33P/
2 Machine Tool Technology
13154H33P

12154H34P/
3 Engineering Metrology and Measurements
13154H34P
 KINEMATICS OF MACHINERY

UNIT-I
PART-A
1. Differentiate between a Machine and a structure.
2. Sketch and state any one inversion of a double slider mechanism.
3. State at least one similarity and one difference between a helical pair and a cylindrical
pair.
4. State any four types of kinematic pairs according to the types of relative motion between
them.
5. What do you mean by a machine?
6. List the types of constrained motions.
7. Classify the Kinematic pairs according to the surface contact between the links.
8. Define the term „inversion of mechanism‟.
9. State Grashoff‟s Law for a four bar linkage.
10. Define kinematic chain. What are the types of kinematic chain?

PART-B
1. Sketch a slider crank chain and its various inversions stating actual machines which they
are used in practice.

2. Sketch and explain the working principle of any one type of quick return mechanisms.

3. Sketch and explain any three inversions of a double slider crank chain.

4. Explain the working principle of Whitworth quick return mechanism with a neat sketch.

5. Explain the working principle of crank and slotted lever quick return mechanism with a
neat sketch.

6. Explain the following with neat sketches a). Scotch yoke mechanism b) Oldham‟s
coupling.

UNIT-II
PART-A

1.Define the term of instantaneous centre.

2.Distinguish normal component of acceleration and tangential component of
acceleration.
3.When the coriolis component of acceleration will occur?
4.State the condition for a link to experience coriolis acceleration.
5.Write short notes on normal component of acceleration.
6.Define rubbing velocity.
7.List out the different types of motion of particles.
8.What do you mean by velocity and speed?
9.State Kennedy‟s theorem
 PART-B

1.In a four link mechanism, the crank AB rotates at 36 rad/sec. The lengths of the
links are AB = 200 mm, BC = 400 mm, CD = 450 mm and AD = 600 mm. AD is
the fixed link. At the instant when AB is at right angle to AD. Determine the
velocity of (i) the mid-point of link BC (ii) a point on link CD, 100 mm from the
points connecting the links CD and AD.

2.In a four bar chain ABCD, AD is fixed and is 120 mm long. The crank AB is 30
mm long and rotates at 100 rpm clockwise. While the line CD = 60 mm
oscillates about D. BC and AD are of equal length. Find the angular velocity and
angular acceleration of link BC when angle BAD = 60º.

3. The crank of a mechanism rotates clockwise at a constant speed of 300rpm.The

crank is 150mm and the connecting rod is 600mm long. Determine (i) linear
velocity and acceleration of the mid point of the connecting rod. (ii) Angular
velocity and acceleration of the connecting rod, at a crank angle 45o from inner
dead centre.

4. PQRS is a four bar chain with link is fixed. The lengths of the links are PQ = 62.5
mm, QR = 175mm, RS =112.5 mm and PS = 200mm. The crank PQ rotates at 10
rad/s clockwise. Draw the velocity and acceleration diagram when angle QPS =
600 and Q and R lie on the same side of PS. Find the angular velocity and
acceleration of links QR and RS.

5. The engine mechanism has crank OB = 50mm and length of connecting rod AB =
225mm. The centre of gravity is at G which is 75mm from B. The engine speed
is 200rpm which OB is turned 450 from OA. Find the velocity of G and angular
velocity of AB.

6. In a pin jointed four bar mechanism ABCD, the lengths of various links are as
follows: AB = 25 mm, BC =87.5 mm, CD = 50 mm and AD = 80 mm. The link
AD is fixed and angle BAD = 135o. If the velocity of B is 1.8 m/s in the clockwise
direction. Find the velocity and acceleration of the midpoint of BC

UNIT-III
PART-A
1. What is meant by a cam?
2. Sketch any two types of the follower used in cam.
3. Draw a maximum velocity and acceleration diagrams of a follower for SHM.
4. Define the pressure angle of cam mechanism.
5. List any four types of followers.
6. Enumerate the different types of the follower motion of a cam.
7. Define the terms with respect to cam: i) Base circle, ii) Cam profile.
8. What are the classifications of cams based on contact surfaces?
9. What are the advantages of the roller follower than the knife edge follower?
10. Sketch displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams when the follower
moves with uniform velocity.

PART-B

1. Draw a neat sketch of a radial cam and define the various terms used in the cam
profile.
2. A cam operating a knife edged follower has the following data: (a) Follower
moves outwards through 40 mm during 60º of cam rotation (b) Follower
dwells for the next 45º (c) Follower returns to its original position during next
90º (d) Follower dwells for the rest of the rotation. The displacement of the
follower is to take place with uniform velocity during the both outward and
return strokes. The least radius of the cam is 50 mm. Draw the profile of
the cam when the axis of the follower passes through the cam axis.

4. Design a cam for a knife edged follower to operating the exhaust valve of an
oil engine has the following data: (a) Follower moves outwards through 40mm
during 90º of cam rotation (b) Follower dwells for the next 45º (c) Follower
returns to its original position during next 120º (d) Follower dwells for
the rest of the rotation. The displacement of the follower is to take place
with uniform acceleration and retardation during the both outward and
return strokes. The least radius of the cam is 50 mm, when the axis of the
follower passes through the cam axis.

5. Construct the profile of a cam is to give the following motion to a roller

follower of its radius (a) It lifts the follower through 35 mm during its 60º
rotation with SHM (b) The follower remains at rest for the next 40º rotation of
the cam (c) The follower then descends to its original during 120 º rotation of
the cam with SHM (d) The follower remains at rest for the rest of the rotation.
Draw the profile of the cam when the line of stroke of the follower passes
through the axis of the cam shaft. The least radius of the cam is 50 mm.

6. For the oil engine inlet valve operation to draw the profile of the cam
rotating clockwise with a uniform speed is to give the roller follower of 50
mm diameter with the following motion. (a) Follower to move outwards
through a distance of 40 mm during 90º of cam rotation; (b) Follower to dwell
for 60º of cam rotation; (c) Follower to return to its initial position during 120º
of cam rotation and (d) Follower to dwell for the remaining 90º of cam rotation
The minimum radius of the cam is 45 mm and the displacement of the follower
is to take place with simple harmonic motion on both the outward and return
strokes, when the line of stroke of the follower passes through the axis of
the cam shaft.

7. Design a cam to raise a valve with uniform velocity motion through 40 mm in

1/3 of a revolution, keep it fully raised through 1/12 revolution and to lower it
uniform velocity in 1/6 revolution. The valve remains closed during the rest of
the revolution. The diameter of roller is 30 mm and minimum radius of the
cam is 25 mm. The diameter of cam shaft is 25 mm. The axis of the valve rod
passes through the axis of the cam shaft.
 UNIT-IV
PART-A

1. State law of gearing.

2. What is meant by epicyclic gear train? Give a practical example.
3. State the advantages of spur gear over helical gear.
4. What is meant by contact ratio? Write the equation to determine this value.
5. State any two advantages of involute gears.
6. Define the terms with respect to gear i) pitch circle ii) module.
7. Draw a neat sketch of reverted gear train.
8. What are the methods to avoid interference?
9. What is axial pitch of a helical gear?
10. State the relationship between circular pitch and the module.

PART-B

1. Explain the terms used in the spur gear with a neat sketch.
2. Derive an expression for the length of path of contact in a pair of meshed
spur gear.
3. Derive an expression for the length of arc of contact in a pair of meshed
spur gear.
4. A pinion having 18 teeth engages with an internal gear having 72 teeth. If
the gears have involute profiled teeth with 20º pressure angle, 4 mm module
and addenda on pinion and gear are 8.5 mm and 3.5 mm respectively, find
the length of path of contact.
5. The pitch circle diameter of a smaller of the two spur wheels which mesh
externally and have involute teeth is 120 mm. The numbers of teeth are 18
and 36. The pressure angle is 18º and addendum is 0.32 of the circular
pitch. Find the length of path of contact of the pair of teeth.

6. In an epicyclic gear train, an arm carries two gears A and B having 36 and
45 teeth respectively. If the arm rotates at 150 rpm in the anticlockwise
direction about the centre of the gear A which is fixed, determine the speed
of gear B. If the gear A instead of being fixed makes 300 rpm in the
clockwise direction, what will be the speed of gear B?

UNIT-V
PART-A
1. State the laws of dry friction.
2. Obtain an expression for length of an open belt drive.
3. Write the equation to determine the efficiency of a screw jack.
4. What are the significance of friction with regard to power transmission
devices like clutches and bearings?
5. What do you mean by friction angle?
6. What is the condition of maximum efficiency of a screw jack?
7. What are the advantages of wire ropes over fabric rope?
8. What are the functions of clutches?.
9. What is the difference between cone clutch and centrifugal clutch?
10. List out the commonly used breaks.
 PART-B

1. A rope drive transmits 74 kW a 1.5 m diameter 45º grooved pulley

rotating at 200 rpm. Angle of lap is 160º. The mass of each rope is 0.06
kg/m and can safely take a pull of 800 N. Taking centrifugal tension into
account, determine a) Initial rope tension, and b) The number of ropes of
required. Take μ = 0.30

2. A rope drive is required to transmit 230 kW from a pulley of 1 m

diameter running at 450 rpm. The safe pull in each rope is 800 N and the
mass of the rope is 0.4 kg per metre length. The angle of lap and the
groove is 160 º and 45 º respected. If μ = 0.3.0 find the number of ropes
required.

3. Two pulleys, one 450 mm diameter and the other 200 mm diameter are on
parallel shafts 1.95 m apart and are connected by a open belt. Find the
length of the belt required and the angle of contact between the belt and
each pulley. What power can be transmitted by the belt when the larger
pulley rotates at 200 rpm, if the maximum permissible tension in the belt is
1000 N, and the coefficient of friction between the belt and pulley is 0.25?

4. A single plate friction clutch, with both sides of the plate being effective, is
used to transmit power at 1440 rpm. It has outer and inner radii 80 mm
and 60 mm respectively. The maximum intensity of pressure is limited
to 10x 104 N/m2. If the coefficient of friction is 0.3, determine:

5. A leather belt 125 mm wide and 6 mm thick, transmits power from a pulley
with the angle of lap 150º and μ = 0.3.0 If the mass of 1 m3 of leather is 1
Mg and the stress in the belt is not to exceed 2.75 MPa, find the maximum
power that can be transmitted and the corresponding speed of the belt.

6. A single plate clutch transmits 25 kW at 900 rpm. The maximum pressure

intensity between the plates is 85 kN/m2. The ratio of radii is 1.25. Both the
sides of the plate are effective and the coefficient of friction is 0.25.
Determine (i) the inner diameter of the plate and (ii) the axial force to
engage the clutch. Assume theory of uniform wear.

MECHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY

UNIT-I
PART-A
1. What is tool signature?
2. What is side rake angle? And mention its effects?
3. What is clearance angle? And mention its types?
4. Explain the nose radius.
5. What is function of chip breakers?
6. Name the factors that contribute to poor surface finish in cutting.
7. What is orthogonal cutting?
8. What are the functions of cutting fluids?
9. Give two examples for orthogonal cutting.
10. What are the four important characteristics of materials used for cutting tools?
 PART-B

1. Explain orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting with its neat sketches and compare. (16)
2. What is orthogonal rake system? Show the ORS of tool analysis with the help of a sketch. (16)
3. What is the use of a chip breaker? Discuss the various types of chips produced during metal
machining process. (16)
4. Explain the expected properties and purposes of cutting fluids. Also mention the various types of
cutting fluids. (16)
5. What is the tool life equation and state the factor affecting the tool life. (16)
6. i) What is machinability? And explain. (8)
ii) Explain the various tool materials.(8)

UNIT-II
PART-A
1. What is swing diameter?
2. Write the specification of a typical lathe.
3. Write down the names of any four lathe accessories.
4. What is the application of air operated chuck?
5. Define the term „Conicity”.
6. Write down the formula for calculating taper turning angle by compound rest
method.
7. Define the term „Thread cutting‟ .
8. Define automatic machine.
9. State the principal of multi spindle automats.
10. What are the advantages of automatic lathes?

PART-B
1. What are the various methods available for taper turning in a lathe? Explain their
specific advantages and limitations. (16)
2. Give a sketch illustrating the principle of operation of the Swiss-type
automatic(16)
3. Sketch and explain the function apron mechanism available in lathe. (16)
4. Explain the principal parts of a capstan lathe with a neat sketch and list out the
differences between a capstan and a turret lathe. (16)
5. List various type of feed mechanisms and explain briefly about tumbler gear
reversing mechanism with a sketch. (16)
6. Explain the tooling layout for the production of a Hexagonal bolt in a capstan
lathe. (16)

UNIT-III SHAPING PLANNING SLOTTING & MILLING MACHINES

PART-A (2 MARKS)
1. Write down any four operations performed by a shaper.
2. Define feed and depth of cut.
3. What is the function of clapper block in a planner?
4. What is meant by up milling and down milling?
5. Define “Face milling “.
6. Write down the rule for gear ratio in differential indexing.
7. How do you specify radial drilling machine.
8. Write down any four operations performed by a drilling machine.
9. What is meant by “Sensitive hand feed”?
10. Calculate the tap drill size to cut an internal thread for bolt of outside diameter
10mm,pitch 1.5mm and depth of the thread 0.61 pitch
 PART-B (16
MARKS )
1. With neat sketches, explain any two of the work holding devices commonly used
for holding the work in a drilling machine. (16)
2. With a simple sketch, explain the principal parts and angles of a plain milling
cutter .Explain them . (16)
3. Explain the twist drill nomenclature and define various elements of twist
drill(16)
4. With a simple sketch, explain the working of a vertical boring machine. (16)
5. Explain the Working principle of a Jig boring machine with a neat sketch.(16)
6. Explain the hydraulic drive of a horizondal shaper with neat sketches. (16)

UNIT-IV GRINDING BROACHING AND GEAR

CUTTING PART-A (2 MARKS)
1. What is the process of self-sharpening of the grinding wheel?
2. What are the four movements in a cylindrical centre type grinding?
3. What is meant by centreless grinding?
4. Define the terms abrasive grains.
5. What is meant by grit or grains size?
6. Define the term grade used in grinding wheel.
7. What do you mean by loading of grinding wheels?
8. What is meant by dressing and truing?
9. What is meant by honing?
10. What is super finishing

PART-B
1. i) With a simple sketch explain the way of dressing a grinding wheel and
mention its necessity. (8)
ii) Sketch and explain the cylindrical grinding operation
2. Explain the external cylindrical grinding process and surface grinding
Process (16)
3. With the help of neat sketch, discuss the working of continuous surface
broaching machine and write its advantages and limitations. (16)
4. Compare gear shaping and gear hobbling, giving the process and product
requirements. (16)
5. i) Explain the gear cutting by a formed tool. (8)
ii) Differentiate between gear forming and generating. (8)
6. What are the various methods of center less grinding and explain
each briefly? (16)
 UNIT-V CNC MACHINE TOOLS & PART PROGRAMMING
PART-A
1. State the advantages of NC machines.
2. What is point-to point (PPT) system?
3. Mention the main difference between CNC and DNC.
4. What is the function of servo valve?
5. Define absolute and incremental programming.
6. What are the important steps to be followed while preparing part programming?
7. What is meant by MACRO?
8. Define subroutine.
9. What do mean by canned cycle?
10. What is meant by APT program?

PART-B
1. i) Discuss the advantages of computer numerical control system. (8)
ii) What is the difference between positioning machines and contouring machines?
2. Describe the main features of CNC machines, which distinguish them from
conventional machine tools. (16)
3. i) How is cutter compensation given in the case of a machining centre? Explain it with an
example. (8)
ii) Describe the functions of a post processor
4. Sketch and explain a turning centre and mention its superiority over the CNC
lathe. (16)
5. Explain the part programming procedure with a good example. (16)
6. List and explain G and M code for turning milling operations. (16)

ENGINEERING METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS

UNIT – I
INTRODUCTION ABOUT METROLOGY AND MEASUREMENTS

PART A
1. What is measurement? Give its type.
2. Mention the two important requirements of measurements.
3. Define primary sensing elements.
4. What are the categories of S.I units?
5. Define the term standard.
6. Define „precision‟ and „accuracy‟.
7. Define systematic error.
8. What are the sources of errors?
9. Define the term repeatability.
10. Define the term calibration.
PART B

1. Discuss briefly about the method of measurements, with examples.

2. Discuss briefly about the fundamental and derived units.
3. List various types of measuring instruments and explain each one of them.
4. Distinguish between accuracy and precision with example.
5. Describe the different types of errors in measurement and their causes.
6. Differentiate between systematic error and random error.
 UNIT – II
LINEAR AND ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS

PART A

1. Define metrology.
2. List the various linear measurements. What are the various types of linear
measuring instruments used in metrology?
3. Define backlash in micrometer.
4. Define cumulative error and total error.
5. What are the slip gauge accessories?
6. Write down the applications of limit gauges.
7. What are the advantages of electrical and electronic comparator?
8. What are the sources of errors in sine bars?
9. Write down the applications of bevel protractor.
10. What is the constructional difference between an autocollimator and an angle
dekkor?
PART B

1. Discuss briefly about the mechanism of dial type mechanical comparator

2. Discuss briefly about the applications of the solex air gauge
3. With the neat sketch explain the construction and working principle of solex air gauge.
4. Discuss briefly about the limit gauges and explain with a neat sketch of any four types.
5. Discuss briefly with the neat sketch of Sine bar and explain its type.
6. Discuss briefly with the neat sketch of optical bevel protractor.
7. Explain with the help of neat sketches, the principle and construction of an auto-
Collimator.

UNIT III

SCREW THREAD AND GEAR FORM MEASUREMENTS

PART A

1. Define the effective diameter of thread.

2. Give the names of the various methods of measuring the minor diameter.
3. What are the types of pitch errors found in screws?
4. What is the effect of flank angle error?
5. What are the applications of toolmaker's microscope?
6. Name the types of gears.
7. Define addendum and dedendum.
8. Define module.
9. Name the gear errors.
10. What are the types of profile checking method?
 PART B

1. Discuss briefly about errors in threads with neat sketch.

2. Describe the following methods of measuring the major diameter with a neat sketch.
(i)Ordinary micrometer, (ii) Bench micrometer.
3. Explain the following with neat sketch. (i) Tool maker‟s microscope. (ii) Floating
carriage micrometer.
4. Discuss briefly about the gear terminology with a neat sketch.
5. Explain the principle of measuring gear tooth thickness by gear tooth vernier caliper and
derive the mathematical formula.
6. Describe briefly the following methods of tooth thickness measurement, (i) Base tangent method.
(ii) Constant chord method.
UNIT – IV
LASER METROLOGY AND CMM
PART A

1. Why laser is preferred in engineering metrology.

2. Define wavelength.
3. What is Interferometer?
4. Give the different types of interferometer.
5. Name the common source of light used for interferometer.
6. Define CMM.
7. Mention the types of CMM.
8. Define position accuracy.
9. Give the advantages of CMM.
10. Mention the applications of CMM.

PART B

1. Discuss briefly about the Laser telemetric system with a neat sketch.
2. Discuss briefly about the AC laser interferometer with a neat sketch.
3. Discuss briefly about the Dual frequency laser interferometer with a neat sketch.
4. Explain the following with neat sketch. (i)
Michelson interferometer.
(ii) Applications of laser interferometer.
5. Discuss briefly about the Co-ordinate measuring machine with a neat sketch.
6. Write short notes on:
(i) Computer based inspection
(ii) Computer aided inspection using robots.

UNIT – V
POWER, FLOW AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS
PART A

1. Define force.
2. Give the list of devices used to measure the force.
3. Define the working of load cells.
4. Name the instrument used for measurement of torque.
5. Give the basic principle of mechanical torsion meter.
6. Classify the types of strain gauges.
7. Mention the types of dynamometer.
8. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of orifice meter.
9. Define thermocouple.
 PART B

1. Discuss briefly about the measurement of Force by direct method.

2. Discuss briefly about the measurement of Force by indirect method.
3. Discuss briefly about the torque measurements using strain gauge.
4. Discuss briefly about the power measurements using D.C dynamometer and hydraulic
dynamometer.
5. Discuss briefly about the flow measurements using orifice meter and venturimeter.
6. Discuss briefly about the temperature measurement using thermocouple.