Common IV Fluids and Agents For Electrolyte Balance

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IV FLUIDS Half normal saline

LACTATED RINGERS (LR)  solution of 4.5 g/L of sodium chloride,


has less electrolytes in it than normal
 solution of sodium chloride, potassium
saline
chloride, sodium lactate, and calcium
 Can help with patients that are
chloride
dehydrated but still have close to
 preferred hydrating agent when a
normal electrolyte levels
patient is dehydrated and has a mild
case of acidosis Dextrose in saline (D5 one half normal saline)
 rarely, if ever, be used for patients that
 Contains both sodium and dextrose, is
have high blood potassium or
a solution of 2.5% dextrose and 4.5 g/L
conditions that could lead to high blood
of sodium chloride
potassium
 Better option for patients that have
 not given to patients that are
some of the conditions that prevent
experiencing alkalosis
administration of the other hydrating
5% Dextrose and Water (D5W) agents

 Dextrose is a sugar that can be broken Electrolyte Supplements


down into glucose, the sugar that is
Oral electrolytes
needed in the body
 For patients with low blood sugar level,  Electrolytes given in pill or powder form
D5W help with hydrating the patient  Don't cause very quick and drastic
and raising the blood sugar level changes to the electrolyte levels
 5% dextrose is not normally given to  Oral electrolytes are used in patients
patients that have diabetes, kidney that can't or won't eat and in those
disease, or liver disease suffering from severe diarrhea and/or
vomiting
Normal saline
IV electrolytes
 hydrating agent used most often,
solution of water and 9.5g/L of sodium  electrolytes administered through an IV
chloride line
 Patients that aren't able to receive the  used if a patient is overhydrated, can't
previous two agents are normally able eat, is a burn victim, or has some severe
to receive normal saline intestinal diseases
 Cannot be used for patients with
edema, congestive heart failure, and
reduced kidney function because of the
amount of sodium in the solution
 Can help to fully restore the
water/electrolyte balance

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