21st CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES

AND THE WORLD

First Quarter: Week 2
Name: Limbaga, Wendel M. Grade Level: 12
Section: Alexander Date: 10/16/20

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Various Literary Genres of Philippine Literature in Different Periods

Background Information

Literature reflects the history of a nation. It is interesting to know the development of

our literature from the past centuries up to the current times. The development of
Philippine literature consists of seven (7) periods. Namely:

1. Pre-Colonial Period
2. Spanish Colonization Period
3. Nationalistic/Propaganda and Revolutionary Period
4. American Colonial Period
5. Japanese Occupation
6. Modern Period
7. Post-modern/contemporary period

These periods are presented in a summarized form using a chart. It is the

'capsulized' form to see the whole concepts of the different periods of our literature with
regards to their time frame, characteristics, prominent Filipino writers, and their literary
works.
 CHART OF THE DIFFERENT PERIODS OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
CHARACTERIST FORMS OF PROMINENT WRITERS &
PERIOD
ICS LITERATURE THEIR LITERARY WORKS
1.Pre-Colonial Period ● Oral traditions ⮚ Riddles-tricky ✔ No writers were known in
question with this period.
(B.C. - 1565 A.D.) ● Mythology
corresponding
✔ There was no piece of
● Animism & witty answer
literary works preserved.
Superstitions
⮚ Proverbs-wise The only remaining forms
sayings used of literature were
as food for preserved orally.
thought (Salindila)
⮚ Folk songs-folk ✔ This was probably the
lyric which result of confiscation of
expresses literary works that were
hopes and burned and destroyed by
aspirations and the Spanish colonizers.
the people's
lifestyle
⮚ Folk tales-
explain how the
world was
created
⮚ Legends –
explain the
origin of things
⮚ Fable-use of
animals as
characters
⮚ Epic-
mythological
narration of
supernatural
events or heroic
deeds
2.Spanish ● Religious ⮚ Religious ✔ Aquino De Belen
Colonization Period literatures
● Secular -"ang mahal naPasyonni
'Doctrina
( 1565-1863) (Non-religious) JesuKristongPanginoong
Cristiana'-oldest
natin"
● Spanish book about
language was Catholic beliefs ✔ Francisco Balagtas
introduced (father of Balagtasan
⮚ Cenakulo&Pasy
 on-songs about and tagalog literature)
the passion
"Florante at Laura"
&crucifixion of
Christ ✔ Joaquin Tuazon
⮚ Novena "Ang bagong Robinson"
⮚ -lengthy ✔ Modesto Castro
Catholic
prayers with the "Urbana at Felisa"
use of Rosary ✔ Pedro Bukaneg (blind
⮚ Novel-long poet, father of
stories Bukanegan& Ilocano
literature,epic"Biag-ni-
⮚ Awit Lam-ang"
⮚ colorful tales of
chivalry
⮚ Korido
⮚ -metric tales
⮚ Prose
narratives
⮚ Moro-Moro
⮚ -depicts the
conflict
between
Spanish
colonizers and
the moslems
⮚ Sta Cruzan
-street play

3.Nationalistic/Propag ● Writing was ⮚ Propaganda ✔ Graciano Lopez Jaena

anda and used to literature
-editor of" La Solidaridad"
Revolutionary Period propagate (leaflets,newsp
(1864-1896) nationalism. apers, ✔ Marcelo H. Del Pilar-
editor of "Diyaryong
● Shift from ⮚ Novels about
Tagalog"
Spanish to the Spanish
used of atrocities) ✔ Jose Rizal
Tagalog
⮚ Political essays -"Noli Me Tangere & El
Filibusterismo"
⮚ Satire-
humorous
 writings ✔ Andres Bonifacio
⮚ Patriotic poems -Poem (Pag-
ibigsatinubuangLupa)
⮚ Short stories
✔ Apolinario Mabini
-"Katapusanghibik ng
Pilipinas"
✔ Emilio Jacinto
-"Liwanag at Dilim"
4.American Colonial ● The use of ⮚ Poems, short ✔ Paz Marquez
Period English stories ,novels Benitez-"Dead Stars"
language is (short story)
(1910-1945)
introduced
✔ ZoiloGalang
● Short stories
–"Child of sorrow"
became the most
prevalent literary ✔ Juan Crisostomo Sotto
forms. (father of Crisotan&
Kapampangan literature)
-"Y Miss Phatuphats"
✔ Jose Corazon De Jesus
(JosengBatute) –"Bayon
Ko" lyrics sang and
popularized by Fredie
Aguilar

5. Japanese period ● New ⮚ Free verse ✔ Macario Pineda

tagalog poem
(1942-1944) -"Suyuansatubigan"
poets
⮚ Fiction/short ( short story)
emerged
stories
✔ Narciso Reyes
● Use of
simple "Lupangtinubuan"
language
and free ✔ LiwaywayArceo
verse -"tigangnalupa"
instead of
the ✔ Jose Garcia Villa
measured (National
Artist )"Footnote to youth"
● Fiction
prevailed ✔ Nick Joaquin (National
over Artist) "the woman who
 poetry had two navels"
✔ Bienvenido Santos –
(National Artist) "the
praying man"
6. Modern period ● New writers ⮚ Poems, short ✔ F. Jose Sionil (National
emerged, stories Artist) "My brother my
(1960-1999)
critical to ,essays,theater Executioner"
Marcos shows
✔ Teodoro Agoncillo
administration
-The "History of the
● The used of
Filipino People"
symbolism
and allegories ✔ Virgilio Almario
● The used of -children's story
theater was "IbongAdarna," and
prevalent. Filipino translations of
(Philippine Jose Rizal's "Noli Me
Educational Tangere" and "El
Theater filibusterismo."
Association/P
ETA & UP ✔ Carlos Ojeda Aureus
theater -(Carlos Palanca
Awardee) “The
Latecomer”
✔ David C. Martinez
(Palanca Awardee)
–“The Amulet”
8. Post ⮚ Essay, novels, ✔ Teodoro Locsin-speech
Modern/contemporary short stories writer, essayist
● Writers with
period
wide range of ⮚ Hybrid "Teoditorial"
topics/ focus literature-
✔ Ambet Ocampo "Bones
'textula' an app
● Integration of of Contention" book
that gives quick
social media about Bonifacio
access to
poems on ✔ Lualhati Bautista-
social media (novelist) "Bata,Bata,
Paano ka
⮚ -eBooks,
ginawa?"&"Gapo"
Wattpad,fliptop,
spoken poetry ✔ Jhoanna Lynn V. Cruzs
(essayist) “SapayKoma”
& “Agua de Viuda”
LEARNING COMPETENCY

Compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the onesfrom the
earlier genres/periods citing their elements, structures and traditionsEN12Lit-Id-25

ACTIVITIES &DIRECTIONS/INSTRUCTIONS

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the possible reason why there were no remaining pre-Spanish literature in
Philippines?

a. Writing materials that were used were not durable

b. Negligence of ancient Filipino's literary works
c. Spanish colonizers burned and destroyed the Filipino ancient literary works
d. None of the given choices

2. A literary form that narrates a mythological hero who possesses supernatural strength
is____.

a. Epic b. Riddle c. Proverbs d. Folk tale

3. Which among the given is NOT related to the observance of the death and passion of
Christ?
a. Pasion b. Cenakulo c. Salubong d. Zarzuela

4. Who among the following writers belong to the American colonial period?
a. Aquino De Belen, Graciano Lopez, Paz Marquez Benitez
b. Aquino De Belen, Virgilio Almario, Bienvenido Santos
c. Aquino De Belen, Franciso Balagtas, Joaquin Tuazon
d. Aquino De Belen, Teodoro Locsin,Graciano Lopez

5. Which among the given has the right pair with regards to the author and his literary
works?
a. Marcelo H. Del Pilar-“Pag-ibigsatinubuangLupa”
b. Jose Corazon De Jesus- lyrics of "Bayan Ko"
c. Francisco Balagtas –“Biagni Lam-ang”
d. Juan Crisostomo Sotto- “Florante at Laura

B. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE: Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct.Write
FALSE if it is wrong and underline the incorrect word/phrase, then write the appropriate
word/phrase at the end of the sentence.

Ex. FALSE -Literature doesn'treflect the history of a nation. -does reflect

True 1. The only remaining literary forms of the pre-Spanish era were mostly oral
traditions.
False 2. The literary forms during the Spanish colonial period, were no doubt, secular in
general. - Religious
True 3. The aim of the Revolutionary writers was to cover up Spanish abuses in the
Philippines. – Expose
 True 4. Short stories were the most common literary forms during the American colonial
period.
False 5. Measured literary forms were commonly accepted during the Japanese Era. –
Simple language and free verse

C. DIY-DO IT YOURSELF: Create a timeline/diagram (ex. Fishbone, tree diagram ) based on

the given chart about the different periods of Philippine literature.

Rubrics for the D-I-Y ( timeline/diagram)

Excellent Good Satisfactory Needs

Improvement
10 8 6
3

Facts were accurate Facts were accurate Facts were accurate Facts were often
for all events for almost all events for most (~75%) of inaccurate for the
Content/Facts reported on the reported on the the events reported events that were
timeline. timeline. on the timeline. reported on the
timeline.

All information are Most l information Some information Some information

clearly presented are clearly presented are clearly presented are clearly presented
Clarity & Creativity with best design with better design with good design simple design

Reflection: Answer these questions based on your own opinion.

1. What is the relationship between literature and history?

The relationship between literature and history, literature it talks about the

records in the past centuries (history) until now. Literature and history are related to each

other, because knowing the history of a race, feeling, aspirations, traditions of people are

surely included and these are written is literature.

2. What is the latest literary piece that you have read or seen in social media?

The latest literary piece that I have read entitled “Noli Me Tangere” by Jose Rizal.

Noli Me Tangere played a crucial role in the political history of the Philippines. It

describes the colonization of the Philippines by Spain to describe perceived inequalities

of the Spanish catholic friars and the ruling government.

3. What makes wattpad interesting to young readers?

 Because of how titles are made, it makes the reader confused and curious that is

why they want to read it. Also, the genres are one of the reasons why readers feel

fascinating, especially when it talks about romance.

4. Describe fliptop and spoken poetry as a unique form of literature.

Fliptop is the unique name used to identify the prime Filipino rap battle league

and is played by at least 2 contestants usually. The battle can be between 2 persons on

a 1-on-1 match or by 4 players in a 2-on-2 match. While, Poetry, is a unique language

that combines and uses words to convey meaning and communicate ideas, feelings,

sounds, gestures, signs, and symbols.

Answer Keys

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. B
B. MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE
1. TRUE
2. FALSE, SECULAR- RELIGIOUS
3. FALSE, COVER UP-EXPOSE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE, MEASURED-FREE VERSE/ OR COMMONLY ACCEPTED
-REJECTED
C. RUBRICS FOR DIY-TIMELINE/DIAGRAM

Content/Facts = 10 pts
Clarity & Creativity = 10 pts
Total = 20 pts

Prepared by:

CHRISTOPHER CAPULONG
Master Teacher I - ACNTS

REFERENCES:

Enriquez Delia C.2003. Philippine Literature, a regional approach, Navotas Press

LumberaBienvenidoandLumbera Cynthia. 2003. Philippine Literature Revised edition, Anvil

Publishing incorporated

"Different Periods of Philippines Literature." n.d. Infogram. Accessed August 17, 2020.

https://infogram.com/different-periods-of-philippine-literature-1g0q3plyvx5n21g.

Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. July 23, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org./.