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    ORAL PATHOLOGY Practical Specimens

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    Pravin Prajapati
    This document discusses several dental anomalies including retained primary teeth, tori, microdontia, supernumerary teeth, and oligodontia. It describes the causes, clinical features, and typical treatments for each condition. Retained primary teeth can be caused by congenital absence or impaction of permanent teeth and are most commonly seen in mandibular second primary molars. Tori are bony exostoses seen in the mandible or palate that do not typically require treatment. Microdontia refers to unusually small teeth and can be generalized or isolated. Supernumerary teeth have genetic or environmental causes and most often occur in the maxillary anterior region. Oligodontia is a lack of tooth development ranging from anodont

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    ORAL PATHOLOGY Practical Specimens

    Uploaded by

    Pravin Prajapati
    43 views24 pages
    This document discusses several dental anomalies including retained primary teeth, tori, microdontia, supernumerary teeth, and oligodontia. It describes the causes, clinical features, and typical treatments for each condition. Retained primary teeth can be caused by congenital absence or impaction of permanent teeth and are most commonly seen in mandibular second primary molars. Tori are bony exostoses seen in the mandible or palate that do not typically require treatment. Microdontia refers to unusually small teeth and can be generalized or isolated. Supernumerary teeth have genetic or environmental causes and most often occur in the maxillary anterior region. Oligodontia is a lack of tooth development ranging from anodont

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    This document discusses several dental anomalies including retained primary teeth, tori, microdontia, supernumerary teeth, and oligodontia. It describes the causes, clinical features, and typical treatments for each condition. Retained primary teeth can be caused by congenital absence or impaction of permanent teeth and are most commonly seen in mandibular second primary molars. Tori are bony exostoses seen in the mandible or palate that do not typically require treatment. Microdontia refers to unusually small teeth and can be generalized or isolated. Supernumerary teeth have genetic or environmental causes and most often occur in the maxillary anterior region. Oligodontia is a lack of tooth development ranging from anodont

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views24 pages

    ORAL PATHOLOGY Practical Specimens

    Uploaded by

    Pravin Prajapati
    This document discusses several dental anomalies including retained primary teeth, tori, microdontia, supernumerary teeth, and oligodontia. It describes the causes, clinical features, and typical treatments for each condition. Retained primary teeth can be caused by congenital absence or impaction of permanent teeth and are most commonly seen in mandibular second primary molars. Tori are bony exostoses seen in the mandible or palate that do not typically require treatment. Microdontia refers to unusually small teeth and can be generalized or isolated. Supernumerary teeth have genetic or environmental causes and most often occur in the maxillary anterior region. Oligodontia is a lack of tooth development ranging from anodont

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    PRACTICAL – CAST SPECIMEN.

    DR. BHAVANI.S.N.
    OVER RETAINED DECIDUOUS TEETH
    A primary tooth is retained beyond the time of normal exfoliation
    Cause:
    – Congenitally absence of successor teeth in individuals with persistent
    primary teeth
    – Impaction of successor teeth
    – Translation or transmigration of successor teeth
    – Existence of pathology, such as cysts, tumours, and odontoma under
    the primary tooth that results in the impaction of successor teeth
    – Microdontia of permanent dentition, partially or totally
    Clinical features:
    The mandibular second primary molar, followed by the maxillary deciduous canine
    Treatment
    – Extraction
    – Filling
    – Root treatment
    – Periodontal treatment
    – Prosthetic restoration
    –
    [ Dr Ali Murat Aktan European Journal of Orthodontics 34 (2012) 208–212]
    .
    TORI
    Exostosis of bone
    Cause:
    Genetic
    Environmemtal factors
    TORUS MANDIBULARIS:
    Bony protuberance on the lingual aspect of Mandible.
    Clinical features:
    Elderly adults
    Male
    Types
    Single
    multiple nodule.
    Overlying mucosa may become ulcerated.
    Radiopacity superimposed on the roots of the teeth.
    Treatment:
    Not needed.
    Surgical removal
    TORI
    TORUS PALATINUS:
    Exostosis that occurs in the midline of the vault of the hard palate.
    Clinical features:
    Bony hard mass that arise along the midline suture of the hard palate.
    Types
    Flat
    Spindle
    Lobular.
    H/P:
    Mass of dense, lamellar, cortical bone.
    Treatment:
    Surgical removal
    MICRODONTIA
    Unusually small teeth

    Etiology : Genetic factors


    Environmental factors
    TYPES:
    The term “microdontia” should be applied only when the teeth are physically
    smaller than usual
    Relative microdontia - Macrognathia
    Diffuse true microdontia – commonly seen in down syndrome, pituitary
    dwarfism
    Isolated microdontia – commonly seen in maxillary lat .incisors –peg
    shaped laterals

    Treatment
    not necessary
    peg shaped laterals – porcelain crowns
    SUPERNUMERARY TEETH /HYPERDONTIA
    CAUSE:
    • Hyper activity of dental lamina
    • Due to third tooth bud arising from dental lamina.
    • Splitting of permanent tooth bud.

    Syndromes
    a) Gardner
    b) Sturge – weber
    c) Cleidocranial dysplasia
    d) Oral – Facial – Digital , type I
    SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
    Clinical features:
    Single tooth hyperdontia
    Permanent dentition - 90% in the maxillary anterior region
    Most common site –Maxillary incisor region ,
    followed by Maxillary 4th molar
    Mandibular 4th molar
    Premolars
    Canines and
    Lateral incisors
    SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
    First two decades of life
    Male
    Permanent tooth

    Classification depending on morphology and location:


    – Conical
    – Tuberculate
    – Supplemental
    – Odontoma
    SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
    Multiple supernumerary teeth – most often in the premolar region followed
    by molar and anterior region

    . Supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region –


    mesiodens

    . Accessory 4th molar – distomolar or distodens

    . Supernumerary tooth – lingual or buccal to molar - paramolar


    .
    .
    OLIGODONTIA
    • ANODONTIA : Total lack of tooth development
    • HYPODONTIA : Lack of development of one or more teeth
    • OLIGODONTIA : Lack of development of six or more teeth

    Cause:
    Environmental factors:
    Trauma ,infection, radiation, chemotherapeutic medications, endocrine disturbances
    and severe intrauterine disturbances have been associated with missing teeth.
    Genetic factors eg. Syndromes associated
    a) Down
    b) Crouzon
    c) Ectodermal dysplasia
    d) Ehlers – Danlos
    e) Gorlin
    Hypodontia –
    TRUE
    FALSE

    . Hypodontia in deciduous dentition – mandibular incisors

    . Missing teeth in permanent dentition – 3rd molars (most common)


    followed by
    second premolars and lat. Incisors

    . Females
    Hypodontia is associated with
    Microdontia
    Reduced alveolar development
    Retained primary tooth.
    THANK YOU

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