MANUEL S.

ENVERGA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

College of Engineering

Engineering
Management (MNAB312)

Submitted By :

Pimentel, Francis John D.

BSCE - III (G142)

Submitted To :

Dr. Guillermo Rago

Practical Exercise 2a.

1. Enumerate and describe the different types of plans used in an organization.

The first type of plans in an organization is called operational plan or functional area plan. As
being management, a social and universal process, its area is very wider. Inter disciplinary
approach of management widens the functional areas. And there are five main sub-types of
functional area plan :

Human resource plan or personnel management or manpower management is concerned with

obtaining and maintaining of a satisfactory and satisfied work force i.e., employees. It is a
specialized branch of management concerned with ‘man management’.

The recruitment, placement, induction, orientation, training, promotion, motivation,

performance appraisal, wage and salary, retirement, transfer, merit-rating, industrial relations,
working conditions, trade unions, safety and welfare schemes of employees are included in
personnel management. The object of personnel management is to create and promote team
spirit among workers and managers.

Production plan refers to planning, organization, direction, coordination and control of the
production function in such a way that desired goods and services could be produced at the
right time, in right quantity, and at the right cost. Some authors treat material, purchase and
inventory management as part of production management. Production management involves
the following functions:

(a) Product planning and development,

(b) Plant location, layout and maintenance,

(c) Production systems and machines,

(d) Management of purchase and storage of materials,

(e) Ensuring effective production control.

Financial plan can be looked upon as the study of relationship between the raising of funds and
the deployment of funds. The subject matter of financial management is: capital budgeting cost
of capital, portfolio management, dividend policy, short and long term sources of finance.

Marketing plan is the “process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion
and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchange that satisfy individual and
organizational objectives.”

The second one is the planning horizon, it is the amount of time an organization will look into
the future when preparing a strategic plan. A time horizon, is a fixed point of time in the future
at which point certain processes will be evaluated or assumed to end. It is necessary in an
accounting, finance or risk management regime to assign such a fixed horizon time so that
alternatives can be evaluated for performance over the same period of time. A time horizon is a
physical impossibility in the real world.

Short-term planning evaluates your progress in the present and creates an action plan to
improve performance daily. However, long-term planning is a comprehensive framework that
comprises of goals to be met within a four- to five-year period.

The last type of plans is frequency-of-use plans. Some plans are used repeatedly; others are
used for a single purpose. Standing plans, such as rules, policies, and procedures, are designed
to cover issues that managers face repeatedly. While Single-use plans are developed for unique
situations or problems and are usually replaced after one use. Managers generally use three
types of single-use plans: programs, projects, and budgets.

Standing Plans

Policies—general statements of understanding or intent; guide decision-making, permitting the

exercise of some discretion; guide behavior (for example, no employee shall accept favors
and/or entertainment from an outside organization that are substantial enough in value to
cause undue influence over one’s decisions on behalf of the organization).

Rules—guides to action that do not permit discretion in interpretation; specify what is

permissible and what is not permissible.

Procedures—like rules, they guide action; specify a series of steps that must be taken in the
performance of a particular task.

Single-Use Plans

Programs—a complex set of policies, rules, and procedures necessary to carry out a course of
action.

Projects—specific action plans often created to complete various aspects of a program.

Budgets—plans expressed in numerical terms.

2. Find out as much as you can about the mission, vision, values, and major goals of a certain
organization. Evaluate the firm’s mission, vision, values, and goals. What are the positive
aspects of these statements? Is there anything you would criticize?
  Philhealth

Vision : "Bawat Filipino, Miyembro,

Bawat Miyembro, Protektado,

Kalusugan ng Lahat, Segurado"

Mission : "Benepisyong Pangkalusugang Sapat at De-kalidad para sa Lahat"

Values : Integridad, Inobasyon, Agarang Serbisyo, Taos-Pusong Paglilingkod, Pagmamalasakit,

Angkop na Benepisyo, Panlipunang Pagkakabuklod

Goals : To ensure a sustainable national health insurance program for all.

The Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) is a government corporation attached

to the Department of Health. It administers the National Health Insurance Program, which was
established to provide health insurance coverage and ensure affordable and accessible health
care services for all Filipinos. The organization's purposes/ intention is to protect the health of
every Filipino. And based on the statement above the mission, vision, values and goals are all
positive aspects. Philhealth did a great job helping our fellow Filipinos more than a decade, but
recently this Philhealth issue of corruption becomes viral. An official of PhilHealth warned that
the agency may no longer be able to sustain operations due to decreased collections and
increased payouts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Lawmakers found it questionable that
some institutions that are non-COVID-19 health facilities, or reported few COVID-19 cases,
received large amounts of funding and received payments within just a few days compared to
others. They also questioned why some hospitals that didn’t have PhilHealth accreditation and
have pending cases of alleged anomalous monetary claims also received funding under the
mechanism.

3. Prepare an analysis of the case attached herewith by answering the questions.

Is this a workable MBO system?

Yes it is a workable MBO system because it aims to increase organizational performance by

aligning goals and subordinate objectives throughout the organization In other words, MBO
involves focusing more on results rather than the activities involved. And as you can see/read
based on article, Ben was inspired by MBO and returned to the plant intent on installing such a
system at Rice. He was confident it would make performance evaluation easier and improve
employees’ productivity.

What would you do differently? Why?

In the event that I were Ben, I will counsel my hierarchical objective to my representative in the
event that it is workable for the organization to accomplish it. I will request some suggestion
and explanations. Since he imposed the objectives of the organization quickly without getting
some information about others thoughts in making organization's objective. The administration
centers that the undertakings must be finished and objectives are accomplished, with the least
measure of assets that everybody must know in any case.

If you were Ben, what goals would you set for the company?

If I were Ben, the goals that I will set for the organization is to give the greatest printing and
visual computerization administrations in the quickest manner and more prudent, More
dependable news and amusement, to be one of the best magazine every year, to allow its
perusers to share about their item in notice/advertisements.

Practical exercise 2b

1. Why is it important for the Engineer manager to acquire skills in organizing?

Engineers exist to create practical solutions to society’s problems, and what every team of
engineers needs is the ultimate engineering manager who can effectively lead the team to
maximum productivity and efficiency. That’s why the best engineering managers are
consistently those who previously worked as engineers before seeking an education in
management.

Organizing is all about keeping things in proper order. Organization plays a significant role in
helping you achieve your goals. Practicing effective organizational skills will help you personally
and professionally, and your good organization skills will be reflected in the completion of all of
your everyday responsibilities. One of the main benefits of organization is a sense of control
that allows for increased productivity.

2. What are the different committees in an organization and state their functions?

A committee is a group of people who take on the responsibility of managing a specific topic
for an organization that is too complicated to be handled by the larger group to which they
belong.

An organization's president sets policies and strategic direction for the company, both for the
near term and for the foreseeable future. It's her responsibility to ensure the company follows
its mission, policies and procedures that are in place, and is profitable.

The vice president of marketing develops strategies and oversees programs designed to create
brand recognition and demand for products. This can include everything from product
marketing to influencer marketing to public relations to digital marketing.

The Vice President Construction oversee a defined area of the company: operations, pre-
construction, field superintendents, project management, business development, estimating,
finance, human resources, and just about any combination of the above depending on the size
of company.

The Vice-President of Finance is responsible to the organization's President for all long-range
financial matters and to establish company-wide financial and administrative objectives,
policies, programs, and practices, which insure the company of a continuously sound financial
structure.

The Vice President of Human Resources is essential to the successful administration of an

organization's human resource function. These Human Resources experts are skilled at
determining and directing a company's staffing goals and strategies to support productive and
profitable business operations.
3. Prepare and discuss an organizational chart of an organization showing line and staff
relationship.

An organization's president sets policies and strategic direction for the company, both for the
near term and for the foreseeable future. It's her/his responsibility to ensure the company
follows its mission, policies and procedures that are in place, and is profitable. And under the
organization president is the vice president, and there are 4 types of vice president : the vice
president for finance, marketing, construction, and human resources. And under the vice
president for construction there are 4 managers : First, the product manager who is
responsible for the development of products for an organization. Second, the construction
manager also known as a site manager, is required to supervise and direct various operations
within a building project. A Construction Manager must ensure a project is completed safely,
making sure the project runs on time and within the allocated budget Third, the purchasing
manager also known as a purchasing director or supply manager, heads a team responsible for
procuring goods and services for resale or company use. They seek the best available quality for
the lowest price. They evaluate suppliers, negotiate contracts, and review product quality. Last
but not the least it the contract administration manager, who is responsible for administering
the terms of a building contract between the parties involved. While the role is quite broad, a
contract administrator requires a high level of accountability and responsibility.

4. Prepare an analysis of the case attached herewith by answering the questions.

1. What organizational design do you think will be best to organize Dual Dial’s marketing
department? Draw an organizational chart and justify your answer.

The chart
above is the
organizational design that I think will be the best to organize the Dual Dial's marketing
department. Based on what I made is a president on top of the chart followed by a vice
president of sales and marketing which is the position assigned by Rheanna Marshell. And the
Dual Dial Company is distributing and selling product in both land and marine use, so the
company need two manager for two division to be well organized. And under each division are
the manufacturing, marketing and finance. The manufacturing is responsible for implementing
and operating the production system in order to produce the product. Manufacturing may also
include purchase, distribution, and installation as well as the physical manufacture of the
component. While marketing is the process of getting people interested in your company's
product or service. This happens through market research, analysis, and understanding your
ideal customer's interests. And also finance, it is the raising and managing of funds by business
organizations. Planning, analysis, and control operations are responsibilities of the financial
manager, who is usually close to the top of the organizational structure of a firm.

2. Design an alternate organizational structure and discuss its advantages and weaknesses.

The chart shown above is a alternate organizational structure which being manage by the CEO
of the company next by the Vice President of research and development, sales and marketing,
manufacturing, materials management and finance. This organizational structure has the
advantages and weaknesses.

The advantages of this organizational structure :

 The team is managed by an experienced person with a high ability and skills who can
adequately understand and review the entire work.
 The team members work with other people in the field and it allows sharing of thoughts
and knowledge to make the people learn new skills.
  The staffers have the chance to get promoted within their functional areas which can be
a reason for them to stay long term. The company is getting the advantage of their
expertise and knowledge.
 Because of people’s expertise, the workers with specialized skills can perform tasks
quickly, efficiently and with more confidence, while reducing of work-related mistakes.
The clear nature of the career path within the functional unit makes it possible for
employees to be highly motivated to advance their careers as they move up within the
hierarchy. This will keep them aiming for advancement and development.
 This can be an ideal structure for small businesses that focus on one product or service
because you can maximize performance by encouraging peer cooperation among
different units at various levels of management through supervision and coordination.
Specialization leads to operational efficiencies and enhances productivity levels.

The disadvantages of this organizational structure :

 The functional organization may have unhealthy competition working with the other
areas. There may be a lack of understanding as to how significant that specific are to the
company. In one example, there may be a request from the marketing department
which may not be prioritized in order to attend to the concerns of the sales department
by adding more people. Ideally, the companies decide based on what is urgently
needed.
 Because the people in the functional organization are grouped according to their special
set of skills, roles or task, the entire team will operate well. However, the business
strategies and the level of bureaucracy make it difficult to respond to changes
immediately.
 Another disadvantage of functional organization structure is that these functional
groups may not be able to communicate more often which decreases flexibility and
innovation.
 When a company uses this type of structure, it groups its people according to their
knowledge and skills which help them become specialists on that field. It also requires a
management system which allows promotion, development and visibility of skills of
people in each functional area. It helps to bring in-depth knowledge and skill
development among the employees to achieve the goals of the company.
 Management issues may arise because it is more bureaucratic and the functional
organization are not accountable to each other and the poor horizontal coordination
within the department may occur. Employees’ motivation is greatly affected by lack of
innovation and restricted views of organizational goals. This structure can be rigid and
the standardized ways and high formalization can hamper or impede faster decision
making.
  Another weakness of functional organizational structure is there could be lack of unit
coordination. This means that though the functional units can perform with higher level
of efficiency however, there could be difficulty working well with each other thus,
cooperation is compromised. Some people may be territorial or there may be some who
are unwilling to cooperate. These unhealthy coordinations may lead to delays, reduced
commitments, competing interests, waste of time, and getting late in finishing the
project.

Assignment 5

1. Describe the different staffing procedure in your company, cite practices and examples.

Staffing is defined as the management function that determines human resource needs,
recruits, selects, trains and develops human resources for jobs created by an organization.
Staffing is undertaken to match people with job so that the realization of the organization’s
objectives will be facilitated. Staffing is the process of recruiting, selecting and training of men.

The staffing process consist of the following series of steps :

 Human resource planning - can be regarded as the quantitative and qualitative
measurement of labour force required in an enterprise. Therefore, in an overall sense,
the planning process involves the synergy in creating and evaluating the manpower
inventory and as well as in developing the required talents among the employees
selected for promotion advancement.
An example of human resources is the department you would speak with to get more
information about employee benefits.
 Recruitment - is a process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them
to apply for jobs in the organization. It stands for finding the source from where
potential employees will be selected.
Recruitment best practices include sales strategies that convince candidates to accept
job offers. Present yourself at recruiting networking events, put your services on your
website, and update candidates about job openings.
 Selection - is a process of eliminating those who appear unpromising. The purpose of
this selection process is to determine whether a candidate is suitable for employment in
the organization or not. Therefore, the main aim of the process of selection is selecting
the right candidates to fill various positions in the organization. A well-planned selection
procedure is of utmost importance.
 Induction and Orientation - Induction refers to the process of introducing a new comer
to his employer/ company and work environment. Orientation on the other hand, is a
well designed program which aims at reorganizing a new employee and making him
accustomed to his department, job role and work culture.

 Training and development - Once the new employee is properly informed about the
position and company they are coming to work for they will need training. This includes
a systematic procedure of imparting knowledge for a specific job. With a thorough and
carefully planned out training process, an employee will be ready to do the job you
hired them for efficiently.

 Performance Appraisal - After the employee has had a chance to get started in their
position, you will want to assess their performance and give them any feedback they
require in terms of growth and success. If you observe that they are doing well, let them
know. Inform them of what they are doing right and where they can do better. Without
feedback, you are not giving the employee a chance to fix mistakes or feel a real sense
of accomplishment within the job.
 Employment decisions - go beyond determining which employees are due for raises.
Through regular, objective performance appraisals, managers acquire information to
 make and implement decisions about promotions, transfers, demotions, separations,
and compensation.
 Separations - Employee separation constitutes the final stage in the staffing process of
an organization.An employee can leave the organization for any reason which he deems
fit for seeking separation. However, separation is classified basically into two types.
These are: voluntary separation and involuntary separation.

Case study
1. What are some possible causes of the reduction in output, the resignations, and
increased tardiness and absenteeism?
For this situation, issue happened when Mr, Heckman chose to recruit Mr.Howard
Wilkins as Executive Vice President. In a brief timeframe Mr.Heckman turn over a large
number of the day by day operational duties he used to performed. Transition in a very
short period of time for the responsibilities, major rule for the firm from Mr. Dick
Heckman to Mr. Howard Wilkins create a tremendous problems. Problems that
reflected and appeared on the production stability, employee morale, even for
organizational destruction from key employees and personnel, resignation,
absenteeism, tardiness, of employees. Mr. Howard Wilkins attitude collaboration,
communication toward employees should be reviewed and consider.

2. How might these consequences have been avoided?

To avoid this consequences the leader of the organization must recruit reasonable
representatives for the replacement for those workers resigned. Set up a decent
relational abilities on how a leader and a employee will cooperate being one focusing on
same goal. Give trainings, direction, round table discussion on how issues be address
appropriately. Set up and create legitimate change period when hierarchical structure is
being concerned.
Assignment 6

1. What are the techniques used for communicating in your company? Identify and explain.

The techniques used for communicating in my company are formal grievance procedure,
employee attitude and opinion surveys, suggestion systems, open-door policy, informal gripe
sessions, task forces and exit interviews which is under the upward communication.

Upward communication - There is a need for management to provide employees with all the
necessary material and non material support it can give. The requirement, however, is for
management to know the specific needs of the employees. This is the primary reason for
upward communication.

Formal grievance procedure -part of a normally operating organization. To effectively deal with
them, organizations provide a system for employees to air their grievances.

Employee attitude and opinion surveys - finding out what the employees think about the
company is very important. The exercise, however, requires the expertise and the company
may not be prepared to do it.

Suggestion systems - suggestions from employees are important sources of cast saving and
production enhancing ideas.

Open-door policy - an open-door policy, even on a limited basis, provides the management
with an opportunity to act on difficulties before they became full blown problems.

Informal gripe sessions - informal gripe sessions can be used positively if management knows
how to handle them.

Task forces - when a specific problem or issue arises, a task force may be created and assigned
to deal with the problem or issue.
Exit interviews - when employee leave an organization for any reason, it is to advantages of
management to know the real reason. If there are negative developments in the organization
that management is not aware of , exit interviews may provide some of the answer.

2. What type of MIS used in your company? Describe and enumerate its uses and relation
with the different departments of your organization.

Management information systems employ information technology to collect and communicate

all the information a company or institution uses to operate. Each department or function of an
organization produces its own operational and financial data and as a result has its own
information system to keep track of it all. There are as many types of management information
systems as there are departments or functions in an organization, but there are a few specific
systems that almost every organization or institution needs for the whole entity to operate
smoothly.

The type of MIS used in my company is the Human Resources Information Management
System, it supports the daily management and tracking of employees and recruiting. These
systems track some financial elements of human resources that overlap the accounting and
finance system such as payroll, benefits and retirement, but the human resource system is
much more than that. It can streamline communication between employees and HR by
providing an electronic hub for HR policies, legal compliance notices and mandatory training
events. It can automate employee timekeeping, track work attendance, calculate available and
used leave and let employees request vacation or sick leave, all without a manager's physical
involvement. The recruiting function is also automated through the human resources
management system through resume collection and analysis for identifying qualified potential
hires.

Case study

1. Why do you think Fred hired Al instead of Elaine?

Fred hired Al instead of Elaine perhaps because Fred see that Al is open for development and
needs to become familiar in different things about the work in Fred's Company. And based on
what I see Fred is not impressed with Elaine on the grounds that she is intelligent and mature.
And also Fred needs the individuals who will have a change and the advancement in their lives
inside his organization.

2. What perceptual problems do you see between Fred and Al?

The problem that Fred encounter with Al is that Al's desk is always messy and he seemed to be
disorganized, and that's the consequences of choosing the simple or a beginner one than
choosing a mature one, Elaine. But I think Fred didn't regret for hiring Al, and he understands
that maybe Al is on the stage of innovating himself for a new world he chose to live.

3. What should Fred do about the situation now?

In the current situation, Fred must help Al to improve himself to be a better Al he can be. As a
representation of a good leader, Fred must train Al and make familiarize based on his area and
position. Fred must also obligate Al to be a responsible man and well-organized person not only
for the company but also for himself. We all understand that beginning is always the hardest,
and I think Fred understand Al too.