Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 22 views

    Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Alaa Telfah
    This document discusses shallow foundation design and bearing capacity. It begins by defining shallow foundations and deep foundations. For shallow foundations to perform satisfactorily, they must be safe against shear failure and not experience excessive settlement. Ultimate bearing capacity is then defined as the load per unit area at which shear failure occurs. Different modes of bearing capacity failure are described. Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory is then explained, providing equations for strip, square, and circular foundations. Factors affecting bearing capacity like the water table and soil compressibility are also covered. Finally, the general bearing capacity equation is presented, along with bearing capacity and shape/depth/inclination factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Alaa Telfah
    22 views26 pages
    This document discusses shallow foundation design and bearing capacity. It begins by defining shallow foundations and deep foundations. For shallow foundations to perform satisfactorily, they must be safe against shear failure and not experience excessive settlement. Ultimate bearing capacity is then defined as the load per unit area at which shear failure occurs. Different modes of bearing capacity failure are described. Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory is then explained, providing equations for strip, square, and circular foundations. Factors affecting bearing capacity like the water table and soil compressibility are also covered. Finally, the general bearing capacity equation is presented, along with bearing capacity and shape/depth/inclination factors.

    Original Title

    Lec#2

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses shallow foundation design and bearing capacity. It begins by defining shallow foundations and deep foundations. For shallow foundations to perform satisfactorily, they must be safe against shear failure and not experience excessive settlement. Ultimate bearing capacity is then defined as the load per unit area at which shear failure occurs. Different modes of bearing capacity failure are described. Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory is then explained, providing equations for strip, square, and circular foundations. Factors affecting bearing capacity like the water table and soil compressibility are also covered. Finally, the general bearing capacity equation is presented, along with bearing capacity and shape/depth/inclination factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views26 pages

    Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity

    Uploaded by

    Alaa Telfah
    This document discusses shallow foundation design and bearing capacity. It begins by defining shallow foundations and deep foundations. For shallow foundations to perform satisfactorily, they must be safe against shear failure and not experience excessive settlement. Ultimate bearing capacity is then defined as the load per unit area at which shear failure occurs. Different modes of bearing capacity failure are described. Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory is then explained, providing equations for strip, square, and circular foundations. Factors affecting bearing capacity like the water table and soil compressibility are also covered. Finally, the general bearing capacity equation is presented, along with bearing capacity and shape/depth/inclination factors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 26

    Ajloun National University

    Civil Engineering Department


    Geotechnical Engineering
    Lecturer: Eng. Hadeel N. Alzghool

    Shallow Foundations: Ultimate Bearing Capacity

    Summer semester, 2020

    1
    Foundation types
    1. Shallow foundation
    A. Strip
    B. Isolated footing (square, rectangular, circular)
    C. Combined
    D. Mat (raft)

    2. Deep foundations : Piles, Drilled Shafts…etc.

    2
    Design criteria
    To perform satisfactorily, shallow foundations must have two main characteristics:

    1. They have to be safe against overall shear failure in the soil that supports them.

    2. They cannot undergo excessive displacement, or settlement. (The term excessive is


    relative, because the degree of settlement allowed for a structure depends on several
    considerations.)

    3
    Ultimate bearing capacity
    Ultimate bearing capacity: The load per unit area of the foundation at which shear failure in
    soil occurs .

    In this chapter, we will discuss the following:


    ■ Fundamental concepts in the development of the theoretical relationship for ultimate
    bearing capacity of shallow foundations subjected to centric vertical loading.
    ■ Effect of the location of water table and soil compressibility on ultimate bearing
    capacity.
    ■ Bearing capacity of shallow foundations subjected to vertical eccentric loading and
    eccentrically inclined loading.

    4
    Bearing Capacity Failure

    5
    Bearing Capacity Failure

    1. General shear failure

    ■ Characterized by well defined failure pattern, consisting of a wedge and slip surface
    and bulging (heaving) of soil surface adjacent to the footing.
    ■ Sudden collapse occurs, accompanied by tilting of the footing.
    ■ Occurs in denser or stiff soil.
    ■ Failure load is well defined.

    6
    Bearing Capacity Failure
    2. Local Shear Failure

    ■ Failure pattern consists of wedge and slip surface but is well defined only under the
    footing. Slight bulging of soil surface occurs.
    ■ Tilting of footing is not expected.
    ■ Large settlement occurs.
    ■ Ultimate load is not well defined.
    ■ Occurs in soil of high compressibility.

    7
    Bearing Capacity Failure
    3. Punching Shear Failure

    ■ Failure pattern is not well defined.


    ■ No bulging of ground surface, no tilting of footing.
    ■ Failure take place immediately below footing and surrounding soil remains relatively
    unaffected.
    ■ Large settlements-ultimate load is not well defined.
    ■ Occurs in soil of very high compressibility.
    ■ It also occurs in the soil of low compressibility, if the foundation is located at
    considerable depth.

    8
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)
    Assumptions
    ■ Continuous, or strip foundation (i.e., one whose width-to-length ratio approaches zero).
    ■ Depth of foundation is less than or equal to its width.
    ■ No sliding occurs between foundation and soil (rough foundation).
    ■ Soil beneath foundation is homogeneous semi infinite mass.
    ■ General shear failure mode is the governing mode (but not the only mode).
    ■ Applied load is compressive and applied vertically to the centroid of the foundation.
    ■ No applied moments present.
    ■ Soil above bottom of foundation has no shear strength; is only a surcharge load against
    the overturning load.

    9
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)

    10
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)
    1. Strip (continues) foundation

    where Nc, Nq, and Nγ: bearing capacity factors.


    From the table

    B: width of foundation.
    C: cohesion of soil.
    q: surcharge load of soil above the bottom
    of foundation q= γ*Df

    Df: depth of foundation. 11


    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)
    2. Square foundation

    where Nc, Nq, and Nγ: bearing capacity factors.


    From the table.

    B: width of foundation.
    C: cohesion of soil.
    q: surcharge load of soil above the bottom
    of foundation q= γ*Df

    Df: depth of foundation.

    12
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)
    2. Circular foundation

    where Nc, Nq, and Nγ: bearing capacity factors.


    From the table.

    B: diameter of foundation.
    C: cohesion of soil.
    q: surcharge load of soil above the bottom
    of foundation q= γ*Df

    Df: depth of foundation.

    13
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)
    Factor of safety
    Calculating the gross allowable load-bearing capacity of shallow foundations requires the
    application of a factor of safety (FS) to the gross ultimate bearing capacity.

    14
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)

    15
    Terzaghi’s Bearing Capacity Theory (1943)

    16
    Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations
    for Water Table

    17
    Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations
    for Water Table

    18
    Modification of Bearing Capacity Equations
    for Water Table

    19
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation
    The previous Terzaghi equations doesn’t
    take into account the cases of:

    • rectangular foundations.

    • the shearing resistance along the failure


    surface in soil above the bottom of the
    foundation (the portion of the failure
    surface marked as GI and HJ in Figure.

    • In addition, the load on the foundation


    may be inclined.

    20
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation
    Meyerhof (1963) suggested the following form of the general bearing capacity equation:

    21
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation
    Bearing Capacity Factors

    22
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation
    Shape, Depth, and Inclination Factors
    Commonly used shape, depth, and inclination factors are given in Table 4.3.

    23
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation

    24
    The General Bearing Capacity Equation

    25
    26

    You might also like