Imfashanyigisho Ku Buhinzi Bw'Inyanya: Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (Minagri)

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 8

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL

RESOURCES (MINAGRI)

IMFASHANYIGISHO KU BUHINZI
BW’INYANYA
1. NI IKI TWAKORA KUGIRANGO IMIRIMA YACU IDUHE
UMUSARURO MWIZA?
• Kurwanya isuri
• Guterera igihe
• Gusimburanya ibihingwa
• Gukoresha ishwagara ahari ubutaka busharira
• Gukoresha imbuto y’indobanure
• Gukoresha intera nyayo
• Gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda ndetse n’ imborera
• Kubagara
• Kurwanya indwara n’ibyonnyi
• Gupimisha ubutaka kugira ngo umenye imyunyungugu iri mu butaka bwawe

2. NI IZIHE NYONGERA MUSARURO, INGANO YAZO N’IBIKORESHO


DUKENERA KURI ARI (ARE) IMWE?
Ishwagara Umurama Imborera Ire NPK 17-17-17 Ingemwe Inkoni zifite Agafuniko

cm 10
1 ka fanta
kg 30 g5 kg 200-250 kg 1.3 Kg 3 200-270 cm 60
1 k’amazi
m1

3. NI HEHE DUSHYIRA KANDI NI RYARI DUKORA UBUHUMBIKIRO,


BUGOMBA KUBA BUNGANA BUTE?
Hehe?
• Ahantu hatigeze hahingwa inyanya mu
bihembwe 3 bishize
• Hafi y’umurima uzahingwamo inyanya
Ni ryari?
• Icyumweru 1 mbere yo guhumbika
umurama m
Ingano: 1-
1,
• Ingemwe zahumbitswe kuri metero 1 2
cm
ziterwa ku murima wa Are 1 40
• Ubuso bw’ubuhumbikiro bugomba 10
kuba bungana na 1% by’umurima wose m
uzaterwamo

4. NI GUTE INGEMWE ZITEGURWA MU BUHUMBIKIRO?


• Gusanza neza ubuhumbikiro
• Vanga amashyi abiri y’imborera iboze neza n’ubutaka bwo hejuru.
• Nyanyagiza iyo mvange mu buhumbikiro.
• Nyanyagiza g 20( udufuniko 2 tw’amazi) twa NPK 17-17-17 mu buhumbikiro.
• Kubwubakira ubuha igicucu muri metero 1.5 hejuru.
• Kora umutabo uzamuye
• Ca imirongo yo kwinazamo ifite ubujyakuzimu bwa cm 0.5 ukoresheje agati
• Tera umurama mu mirongo ku ntera ya cm 2 hagati y’umurama n’undi
• Siga cm 10-15 hagati y’imirongo
• Twikiriza agataka unasibanganye

+
NPK 17-17-17

Kg 3-5
cm 0, cm
5
10-
cm2 15

cm
20
m
1-
1,2

5. NI IYIHE MIRIMO IKORWA MU KWITA KUBUHUMBIKIRO?


• Sasira mu minsi 5-7 kugira ngo ingemwe zimere neza.
• Vomerera mu gitondo na nimugoroba.
• Randura ingemwe zirwaye ndetse n’izitameze neza.
• Bagara buri gihe habonetsemo ibyatsi.
• Tera umuti urwanya indwara mu buryo bukwiye rimwe mu cyumweru.
• Gabanya kuvomerera n’igicucu mu byumweru bibiri mbere yo kugemura.

6. NI IYIHE MITI YAKORESHWA, NI UBUHE BURYO YAKORESHWAMO


NEZA IDATEJE IBYAGO?

• Vanga g 2.5 za mancozeb na ml 1


za lamuda-cyhalothrin muri litiro
y’amazi
• Koresha ibikoresho by’ubwirinzi
• Terera hasi (ca bugufi) umuti
wirinda ko wawuhumeka
• Abana n’abagore batwite cyangwa
g 2.5+ml1
bonsa ntibemerewe kwegera (mancozeb
ahatererwa umiti na lamuda-
• Buri gihe shyira umuti kure yaho cyhalothrin)
abana bagera
7. NI RYARI KANDI NI GUTE DUTERA INGEMWE?
Ryari?
• Gemura nyuma y’ibyumweru 4 ugemetse.
• Ingemwe zigemurwa zifite amababi hagati 3-4
Ni gute?
• Gemura unatere ingemwe mu gitondo kare cyangwa ku mugoroba
• Kora imitabo ya metero 1.2m z’ubugari n’uburebure butarengeje m15-20 bitewe
nuko umurima ungana. Mu mitabo irenze icumi hagati y’itanu hajyamo inzira
rusange ya metero imwe.
• Siga inzira y’abagenzi ya cm 40 hagati y’imitabo
• kuri Ari imwe vanga kg 200 z’imborera n’itaka.
• Imyobo ya cm 15-20 z’ubujyakuzimu mu mitabo.
• Cm 30-40 hagati y’imyobo ku nyanya zishingirirwa.
• Cm 45-60 hagati y’imyobo ku nyanya zidashingirirwa
• Intera hagati y’imirongo ya cm 60

Inyanya zidashingirirwa
5-60
Cm 4 Cm
60

Cm 15-20

Inyanya zishingirirwa

0-40
Cm 3 Cm
60

Cm 15-20
8. NI IYIHE MIRIMO Y’INGENZI IKORWA MU GUKENURA IGIHINGWA
CY’INYANYA
• Sasira ukimara gutera ukoresheje ibyatsi byumye neza
• Vomera rimwe mu minsi 3 niba imvura idahagije
• Bagara buri gihe
• kuraho ibisambo, usigaza udushami 3-4 ku runyanya rumwe unagabanye indabo.

9. NI RYARI,NI GUTE KANDI NI KUBERA IKI DUSHYIRAHO IFUMBIRE


MVARUGANDA?

NPK 17-17-17
• Ingano: Garama 10 (agafuniko kamwe k’amazi ) ku rugemwe rumwe
• Ryari: Icyumweru 1 nyuma yo gutera
• Kubera iki: ituma imizi ikomera zigakura vuba
IRE
• Ingano:Garama 3,5 (agafuniko 1 ka fanta)
• Ryari: Ibyumweru 6 nyuma yo gutera
• Gute: Ca akazenguruko ku murambararo wa cm 10 uvuye ku runyanya.
• Kubera iki: Ikomeza uruti ikanatuma urubuto rw’urunyanya ruba runini

NPK 17-17-17 IRE

+
g 3,5
Cm 10
g 10

10. NI RYARI KANDI NI GUTE DUSARURA INYANYA?


• Inyanya zisaruranwa n’inkondo yazo.
• Sarura inyanya ugendeye kuzo abaguzi bifuza.
• Ibara inyanya zifite niryo ryerekana uko zihiye
• Sarura mugitondo cyangwa nimugororoba kugirango uzirinde kwangizwa n’izuba
• Koresha icyuma cyangwa umukasi ufite isuku mu kwirinda indwara.
• Tandukanya inyanya zihiye cyane n’izidahiye neza wirinda ko zatera izindi kubora.
• Koresha amakurete, amabase cg ibitebo bikomeye kandi wirinde kubyuzuza cyane
(nturenze ibiro 20) kugirango wirinde ko zangirika mu gihe cyo kuzikorera.
• Irinde gutera umuti wica udukoko ku nyanya zasaruwe.
• Sarura gusa inyanya zitangiritse naho izangiritse uzite mu kimoteri.
INDWARA Z’INGENZI N’IBYONNYI BIKUNZE KWIBASIRA INYANYA

Indwara y’imvura (Kababu, Late blight)


• Iyi ndwara ikara cyane mu gihe cy’ubukonje n’ubuhehere bwinshi,
• Ikwirakwira vuba ikaba yakwangiza igihingwa mu gihe gito,
• Ifata ibice byose by’igihingwa. Ibimenyetso bigaragara munsi y’amababi
nk’uruhumbu naho hejuru y’amababi bisa nk’ibyababutse.

Uko wayirinda
• Gusimburanya ibihingwa.
• Isuku mu murima.
• Kudatera ingemwe hafi y’inyanya zikuze.
• Kuvanaho ibisambo kugirango urumuri rubashe kwinjiramo.
• Gutera umuti urimo Mancozeb (Dithane, Safari- Zeb)
cyangwa Mancozeb + Metalaxyl (Ridomil, Victory,..).
Uko wayirwanya
• Gutera umuti urimo Mancozeb + Metalaxyl (Ridomyl)
(50g), Victory (50g), umuti ukoreshwa muri 20L z’amazi.
• Gukoresha imiti irimo cuivre nka Copper Hydroxide
(FUNGURAN) (40-60g).

Indwara y’ibidomo ku mababi n’imbuto (Early Blight)


• Iterwa n’agahumyo kitwa Alternaria solani.
• Ikagaragazwa n’ibidomo bisa n’ikigina birimo inziga ku mababi, ku ruti no ku
mbuto aho inkondo ifatiye.
• Ikunda kuboneka mu bice bishyuha kandi bifite ubuhehere buke.

Uko wayirinda
• Gusimburanya ibihingwa bitari mu muryango umwe nyuma
y’ibihembwe bibiri,
• Kwirinda ko umurima urekamo amazi,
• Gukura mu murima ibisigazwa by’inyanya ukabishyira mu kimoteri,
• Guha igihingwa ifumbire ihagije. Ibyiza ni ugushyiramo
inyongeramusaruro mu byiciro bitatu.
Uko wayirwanya
Gutera imiti yica uduhumyo nka Carbendazim (20-25ml), Copper (40-60g),
Tryciclazole(Beem) (10-15ml), Chlorothalonil (30-40ml), Thiovit (50-60ml),
Mancozeb (50g) umuti ukoreshwa muri 20L z’amazi.

Ububore bwo mu ndiba y’urubuto (Blossom end rot)


• Ububore buterwa n’ibura ry’umunyungugu wa kalisiyumu, bigaterwa cyane
n’amazi make cyangwa menshi aba ari mu butaka.
• Mu bihe by’ubushyuhe cyangwa igihe hiriwe humagaye bakavomereza amazi
menshi, bituma igihingwa kidashobora gufata vuba kalisiyumu mu butaka.
Uko wayirinda
• Kuhira witonze mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe humagaye cyane
cyane mu gihe cyo kuzana urubuto.
• Gukoresha ifumbire y’imborera ihagije.
• Gushyira ishwagara mu butaka igihe ari ngombwa.
• Gusasira ubutaka kugirango bugumane ubuhehere.

Urunyo rw’amababi n’imbuto


Ni ikinyugunyugu bita Tuta absoluta, aho gitera amagi ku mababi akura akavamo
urunyo rugenda rukora inziga rukanihisha ku mababi.Rutobora n’imbuto z’inyanya
rukinjiramo imbere.

Uko wayirinda
• Gusimburanya ibihingwa mu murima hahingwa ibindi bitari mu muryango umwe
n’inyanya nk’ibigoli, ibishyimbo,amashu,..
• Gukuramo ibisambo n’inyanya zamaze gufatwa bigatabwa,
• Gukoresha imitego ifata ibinyugunyugu mu murima no munkengero zawo.
Uko bazivura umuti ukoreshwa muri 20L z’amazi
Gutera imiti yica udukoko nka Abamectin (10ml), Acetameprid (5-10ml),
Imidachloprid (5-10ml), Delthamethrin (15-20ml), Pyrethrin (20-25ml)

Ibyonnyi (Inda,Isazi y’umweru na Tiripusi) (Aphids, white flies and thrips)


Ubu busimba bukunze gufata cyane cyane amababi n’uruti bikiri bito, indabo
n’amababi.
Inda zikwirakwiza virusi ku gihingwa.

Uko wayirinda
• Kubungabunga inshuti z’abahinzi (udukoko turya inda. Urugero: udusurira, urutambara,…)
• Kwirinda guhora ukoresha ubwoko bw’umuti umwe kuko inda ziwumenyera ntizipfe
ahubwo zikororoka vuba.
• Gukoresha imitego y’ibara ry’umuhondo izifata.
Uko wayirwanya
Gutera imiti yica udukoko nka Lambda-Cyhalothrin (15-20ml)Abamectin (10ml),
Nimbecidine (15ml), Azadirachtin (60ml), Acetamiprid (5-10ml). Umuti ukoreshwa muri
20L z’amazi.
Icyitonderwa: Egera umujyanama mu buhinzi akubwire umuti wemewe
ku isoko mu gihe cyo gutera umuti
SEAD is funded by the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs through the NUFFIC,
Netherlands Initiative for Capacity development in Higher Education (NICHE)
programme, and implemented through a partnership between Rwanda Development
Board (RDB) and Mott MacDonald in consortium with SNV, Delphy BV, Q-point BV,
Maastricht School of Management, Stellenbosch University, Delft University of
technology and Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences.

Iyi mfashanyigisho yakozwe ku bufatanye na: MINAGRI, RAB, NAEB, RDB


SEAD, UR na IPRC HUYE

Copyright © SEAD, Kamena 2019, Kigali Rwanda

You might also like