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    The Charpy Impact Test and Fracture Toughness

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    jonamramuk
    The document discusses the Charpy Impact Test and fracture toughness, explaining that metals exhibit a ductile to brittle transition temperature range where their fracture behavior changes from ductile to brittle as temperature decreases; it provides definitions for different transition temperatures and describes how factors like carbon content, atomic structure, and temperature affect a material's fracture energy and surface appearance within its ductile to brittle transition range.

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    The Charpy Impact Test and Fracture Toughness

    Uploaded by

    jonamramuk
    34 views10 pages
    The document discusses the Charpy Impact Test and fracture toughness, explaining that metals exhibit a ductile to brittle transition temperature range where their fracture behavior changes from ductile to brittle as temperature decreases; it provides definitions for different transition temperatures and describes how factors like carbon content, atomic structure, and temperature affect a material's fracture energy and surface appearance within its ductile to brittle transition range.

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    Charpy impact notes

    Original Title

    CharpyImpactNotes

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    The document discusses the Charpy Impact Test and fracture toughness, explaining that metals exhibit a ductile to brittle transition temperature range where their fracture behavior changes from ductile to brittle as temperature decreases; it provides definitions for different transition temperatures and describes how factors like carbon content, atomic structure, and temperature affect a material's fracture energy and surface appearance within its ductile to brittle transition range.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    34 views10 pages

    The Charpy Impact Test and Fracture Toughness

    Uploaded by

    jonamramuk
    The document discusses the Charpy Impact Test and fracture toughness, explaining that metals exhibit a ductile to brittle transition temperature range where their fracture behavior changes from ductile to brittle as temperature decreases; it provides definitions for different transition temperatures and describes how factors like carbon content, atomic structure, and temperature affect a material's fracture energy and surface appearance within its ductile to brittle transition range.

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    The Charpy Impact Test

    and
    Fracture Toughness
    The Charpy Impact Test

    Zero Setting
    Fracture Energy vs. Temperature
    for Various Metals

    Source: J. Morrow, Univ. of Manchester (UK)


    Fracture Energy and Mode Percentage
    vs. Temperature for A36 Steel

    brittle ductile

    DBT
    Defining a Transition Temperature

    • In general, there is no single specific


    criteria for defining a transition brittle ductile
    temperature; various definitions are
    used:
    – Fracture Transition Plastic (FTP) is the
    temperature above which the fracture
    is 100% fibrous/shear (0%
    cleavage/ductile). This is the most
    conservature estimate.
    – Nil Ductility Temperature (NDT) is the
    temperature below which the fracture
    is 100% cleavage/shear.
    – Fracture Appearance Transition
    Temperature (FATT) is the temperature
    at which the fracture surface is 50-
    50% cleavage and fibrous. This can NDT FATT FTP
    alternativey be based upon the mean
    of the “upper” and “lower” shelf
    energies.
    Fracture Surface Appearance vs. Temperature
    (°Fahrenheit)

    brittle ductile

    bright appearance, cleavage failure dull appearance, plastic deformation


    Carbon Content Effect on DBT Behavior

    Increasing
    Carbon

    Note: Increasing %C decreases fracture toughness although increasing strength


    Fracture Energy vs. Atomic Structure

    • FCC structures exhibit no DBT, remain


    ductile at all temperatures (e.g., Al and Cu-
    based alloys)

    • BCC/HCP structures do exhibit DBT


    characteristics
    ME124 Test Data from Spring 2000

    ME124 Charpy Impact Test Data - Spr 2000


    160
    C1081 Steel
    6061 Al
    140
    Brass
    4340 Steel
    120
    A36 Steel
    Cast Iron
    Fracture Energy (ft-lb)

    100

    80

    60

    40

    20

    0
    -250 -200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250
    Tem perature (deg C)
    Fracture Surface Microstructure

    brittle ductile

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