စာဏကျနီတိကျမ်း PDF
စာဏကျနီတိကျမ်း PDF
စာဏကျနီတိကျမ်း PDF
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E-book is created by www.shanyoma.org
E-book is created by www.shanyoma.org
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pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 5
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aqmifyk'f/ / 3
Ä tcsdefrvifh? qkdif;rqifhyJ;? vG,fvifhwul? oifrSwf,lavmh? ajymvl
y@daw -ynm&Sdü?
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aumif;/
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E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
aqmifyk'f/ /4
Ä ynma&mif&Sdef? okcrdefü? *kPfod&fayg&,f? xlajym<u,fíU? om;i,f
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5/ rmw&d0 y&'ga&ok?
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a,m yówd oy@dawm/ /
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Ä ylaZmfxkdufol? tMuifvlum;? ol\hr,m;? trdvm;odkY? wpfyg;olpkd;?
6/ uð ukave 0domave?
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8 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
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Ä qkd&kd;pOfvm? xkH;wjzmum;? ynmoDv? "Dwdponfh? *kPfrSuif;rl? xkd
ool\?h ZmwfwBl uD;rm;? aqGrsKd;tm;onf? usKd;um;wpd? b,f0,f&t dS ?hH
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
7/ &lya,mAÁeorÜEmé ?
0domvukvorÇ0g/
0dZÆm[Dem eaombaEÅ?
ed*E¨m £0 uð okum/ /
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ap -tu,fí jzpfukeftHh/
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teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 9
aqmifyk'f/ /7
Ä NrJ;pGmrSwfMu? &kyfqif;vSíU? i,fvs&G,fysKd? pnf;pdrfqkdvnf;? rvkdjynfh
oD;? rsKd;aqGBuD;ü? jzpfMuHKBudKufvnf;? p&kdufbmom? wwfynmrS? uif;
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paE´m -vrif;onf/
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ykxAsm -ajrtjyif\h/
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bloPH -wefqmrnf\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
10 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /8
Ä b,folrav;? ynma0;íU? ,SufaxG;rsm;pGm? Mu,fwum\h? wefqm
xdyfwif? v-bk&ifwnfh? vifonfa,musfm;? olYoufxm;onf? r,m;
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a0&D -&efolrnf\h/
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pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 11
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aqmifyk'f/ /9
Ä ZrÁLaomif;ywf? bç rdewfwkdY? cspfjrwfonf;csm? om;oufvsmtm;?
rxm;ausmif;wGi?f tdrüf yifvnf;? roifrMum;? aygufvw T x
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aqmifyk'f/ /10
Ä OD;acgif;idkufpdkuf? rjzpfxkdufwnfh? tvkdufynm? oDvm"Dwd? *kPfpGrf;
&Sdonfh? ÓPfBuD;om;rGef? wa,mufcRefrl? uJ;vGefESpfNcdKuf? jrwfEkd;xkduf
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E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
y@dawm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
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wk -txl;ukdrSmqkdOD;tHh/
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11/ *gxmü zGm;jrifonfrS 5 ESpfajrmuftxd 5-ESpft&,l? 6-ESpfrS 15 ESpftxd 10-ESpft&,l? 2
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teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 13
yawå -a&mufvwfaomf/
ykwåH -rdrd\hom;udk/
rdwåH0-rdwåH £0 -rdwfaqGudkuJhodkY/
tmpa& -jyKusifhajymqkd&m\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /11
Ä cJ;íUrSwfvpf? om;&ifESpfudk? ig;ESpfvkH;vkH;? acsmhjrLjyHK;íU? qkH;raMum
oyf? arG;jrLtyf\h? wpf&yfwxkH;? q,fESpfvkH;rl? qkH;rBudrf;armif;? wH
jymacsmif;jzifh? taMumif;avsmfpGm? uefYjrpf&m\h? oufrSmq,fhajcmuf?
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14 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
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wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
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aqmifyk'f/ /12
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
{auemyd -wpfyifvnf;jzpfaom/
ykyædawe -aumif;pGmyGifhjcif;&Sdaom/
ok*E¨dem -aumif;aom&eHY&Sdaom/
ok0au©e -o&ufpaom aumif;aomopfyifjzifh/
13/ -0godw ó-ü 0godwH tó yk'fjzwf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 15
0godwH -xkHtyfaom/
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wxm -xkt
Yd wl/
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okykawåe -*kPf&Sdaomom;aumif;jzifh/
0godwH -xkHtyfaom/
oAÁH -tvkH;pkHaom/
aqmifyk'f/ /13
Ä apmifhMuyfruGm? qkH;rygrS? ynmodyÜ? jrwfoDvESifh? jynfh0om;orD;?
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16 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
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wxm -xktYd wl/
{auemyd -wpfa,mufvnf;jzpfaom/
ukykwåe -pufqkyftyfaomom;rkdufonf/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
oAÁH -tvkH;pkHaom/
ukvH -trsKd;ud/k
',Saw -avmifuRrf;tyf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /14
Ä xkH;ykHokdYES,f? awmBuD;v,fü? wpfr,fopfajcmuf? tacgif;aygufü?
wnfa&mufxD;xD;? wpfckrD;onf? awmBuD;tm;vkH;? jyKwfjyKwfjyKef;
atmif? tqk;H wkid af y? avmifuRrf;apod?Yk rsKd;aqGyw
Hk iG ;f ? ynmuif;onf?h
om;csif;aygufazmf? wpfa,mufay:rl? aqGawmfrsKd;wl? cyfodrf;olwkdY?
ylyefaMumifMh u? rcsrf;jronf?h 'kux
© efonf;? aomurD;onf? [D;[D;aeY
pOf avmifuRrf;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 17
rlaV§m -vlrkdufonf/
'l&awm -ta0;rS/
aombaw -wifhw,f\/
rlaV§m -vlrkdufonf/
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udOöd -wpfpkHwpfckaom pum;udk/
ebmoaw -rajymqkdao;/
wm0Oö -xkdrajymqkdao;orQ umvywfvkH;/
aombaw -wifhw,f\h/
0doawm -tqdyrf /S
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teEÅm"r®pmay
18 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
*g,SH -,ltyf\h/
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Owårm -jrwfaom/
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xD&weH -rdef;r&wemudk/
*g,SH -,ltyf\h/
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aqmifyk'f/ /16
Ä rSm;cRwfrvGJ;? owdpGJ;Mu? tNrJ;aea&;? raoaq;udk? aoab;aqmif
ESif;? tqdyfwGif;rS? xifvif;ESpfNcdKuf? xkwf,lxkduf\h? yef;rIdufpGefYtyf?
xdtk &yfr?S a&mifvQyfa&Tu?kd xkw, f q
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aumif;onf? taygif;rSwfavMuukefwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 19
&mZ'Gga&p -rif;tdrfodkYa&mufaomtcgüvnf;aumif;?
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wd|wd -tazmfjzpfíY wnf\h/
o-aom -xdo
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aqmifyk'f/ /17
ya&mau© -rsufuG,fü/
udpö[EÅm&H -tusKd;udk zsufqD;wwfaom/
ypöau© -rsufarSmufü/
yd,0g'deH -cspfzG,faompum;udk ajymqkdwwfaom/
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0ZÆa, -a&SmifMuOf&m\h/
ya,mrkcH -EIwfcrf;ü EkdY&nfvdrf;usHjcif;&Sdaom/
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XdwH -wnfaom/
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20 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
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aqmifyk'f/ /18
Ä rdwfysufç rdwfnm? rsufuG,f&mü? r&Smaumif;usKd;? zsufprsKd;[k? qkd
&k;d pOfavsmuf? &Srd aysmufwnf?h rsufarSmuf[efy?kd cspfz, G q
f \
dk ?h xko
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tm;? a0;a&Smif&Sm;avmh? a&SUum;aumif;>ruf? aemufwGifzsufaMumifh?
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 21
udrd0 -tb,fuJhodkYenf;[lrlum;/
tów&D -tówk&d rf sKd;onf/
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*PSmwd,xm -,louJhodkYwnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /19
Ä owdNrJ;ap? rayghavESifh? rdwfaqGpifppf? trSefjzpfvnf;? wqpfaus;
Zl;? zsufqD;bl;vsuf? ul;vl;wpfzef? aygif;,SufjyefíY? qufqHjcif;iSm?
vkd&Sdygu? yrmxkdol? pGJ;,lukd,f0ef? uif;ykZGefodkY? tvGefwljcif;? &Sifao
t0dówåH -cspfuRrf;r0ifoifhaom/
ZeH -vludk/
e0dóao -cspfuRrf;r0if&m/
t0dów¬H -cspfuRrf;r0ifoifhaom/
rdwåOömyd -rdwfaqGudkvnf;/
e0dóao -cspfuRrf;r0if&m/
ukywd H -trsufxu G af om/
rdwHå -rdwaf qGonf/
u'gpd -wpf&Hwpfcg/
19/ tów&D-udk #Dumü uuú#D? uif;ykZGef(0g)v,fykZGef[kzGifh\/ tówkd&fjrif; r[kwf[kvnf;
rSm\/
teEÅm"r®pmay
22 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /20
Ä aMumufz, G thf cif;? rcspf&if;wnf?h ,if;onfo h ul ?kd ruRrf;vkEd iS ?hf Munf
ndKcspfaygif;? rdwfaqGa[mif;vnf;? oGefavmif;vTJ;ykH? vGefr,kHESifh? ckduf
wkrH oif?h pdwrf sufvifrh ?l uG,zf ifrh csef? vQKdU0Suw f ef\?h rwef\[ h ?k owd
rxm;? rpOf;pm;yJ;? azmfMum;xkwq f ?dk odyrf odo
k nf? Akv d v
f t
Yl v,f? bGi;f
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
bGif;wnf;/
bapö -aus;uRefwkdYudk/
ayoae -apckdif;aomtcgumvü/
Zmed,m -aumif;ç raumif;udk od&m\h/
AE¨a0 -nDtpfudk paom aqGrsKd;wkdYudk/
Asoem*ar -a&m*AsoeponfodkY a&mufaomtcgumvü/
Zmed,m -aumif;ç raumif;udk od&m\h/
rdwåOö -rdwfaqGudkvnf;/
tmy'dumavp -ab;&efa&mufaomtcgumvüvnf;/
Zmed,m -aumif;ç raumif;udk od&m\h/
b&d,Oö -r,m;udkvnf;/
0db0u©a, -Opömypönf; ysufpD;aomtcgumvü/
Zmed,m -aumif;ç raumif;udk od&m\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 23
aqmifyk'f/ /21
Ä vlYv,fbGif;bGif;? uRefoif;yif;udk? rIcif;aygufay:? apckdif;aomfrS?
aqGawmfrsKd;pyf? a&m*guyfrS? eD;pyfaygufazmf? ab;&efay:rS? wlaysmf
oufxm;? ukd,fhr,m;udk? ysufjym;pnf;pdrf? tckdufBudrfrS? wdrfç eufusKd;
aMumif;? aumif;ç raumif;udk? taygif;vlwkdY od&mwnf;/
22/ Oyum&*¾[dawe?
owåKemowåKrk . '¨a&/
yg'v*¾H u&a|e?
aqmifyk'f/ /22
Ä vlwkdYod&m? enf;wjzmum;? ajcrSmpkdufpl;? wpfacsmif;ql;udk? Muyfyl;
vufMum;? ql;wpfyg;jzifh? y,f&Sm;xkwfcGm? ykHyrmokdY? ukd,fhrSm&efol? wpf
OD;vludk? MunfjzLav;jrwf? aoG;aqmiftyfaom? wpf&yf&efol? wpfyg;
vljzifh? ÓPful;vTJ[yf? xkwfcGgtyfonf? ,SOfuyfykHwly@dwfwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
24 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aumpd -wpfpkHwpfa,mufaom/
Zaem -vlonf/
uópd -wpfpkHwpfa,mufaom/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
Zeó -vl\h/
rdwHå -rdwaf qGonf/
e -r[kwf/
aumpd -wpfpkHwpfa,mufaom/
Zaem -vlonf/
uópd -wpfpkHwpfa,mufaom/
Zeó -vl\h/
&dyk -&efolonf/
e -r[kwf/
[d -rSefpG/
Zaem -vlonf/
um&aPe -ajymqkdaomtaMumif;tm;jzifh/
rdwåmedp -rdwfaqGwkdYudkvnf;/
Zmemwd -od&\h/
wxm -xktdY wl/
um&aPe -ajymqkdaomtaMumif;tm;jzifh/
&dylp -&efolwkdYukdvnf;/
Ó,wd -od&\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 25
aqmifyk'f/ /23
Ä ,SOfuyfykHYwl? ÓPfjzifhulavmh? vlonfwpfa,muf? vlwpfa,muf\h?
aMumif;axmufuif;vpf? rdwfrjzpfcJh? aMumif;rJh&efol? rjzpf[l\h? &efol
ESifhrdwf? taMumif;[dwfjzifh? cGJ;pdwfþvl? igh&efolwnfh? þvlum;rdwf?
ÓPfvTmpdwfavmh? edrdwfruif; wef&mbl;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
26 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
wd|wd -wnf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /24
Ä edrdwfruGm? vl,kwfrmum;? om,mcspfzG,f? pum;<u,f\h? tu,frl
um;? r,kHpm;ESifh? iEGm;vltkd? pum;csKdvnf;? rvkdpdwf0,f? tqdyfES,f
wnf?h aMumufz,G x f aYkd Mumif?h r,kaH umifo
h nf? ra,mifrh rSm;apownf;/
0dZmÆ , -twwfynmjzif/h
tvuFawmyd -wefqmqif,iftyfaomfvnf;/
'kZÆaem -vl,kwfudk/
oH -aumif;pGm/
y&d[EÅaAÁm -pGefYypftyf\h/
oayÜg -a>rudk/
rPdem -ywåjrm;jzifh/
bload wm -wefqmqif,iftyfonf/
ap -tu,fíjY zpft/hH
{0Howdyd -þodkYywåjrm;jzifh wefqmqif,iftyfaomfvnf;/
{aom -þa>ronf/
uð eb,Hua&m -tb,frSm ab;udk rjyKyJ; &SdaytHhenf;/
b,Hua&m{0 -ab;udk jyKrnfomvQifwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 27
aqmifyk'f/ /25
Ä ra,mifrrSm;? owdxm;avmh? pD;yGm;usKd;zsuf? vlaY yghysufum;? te*¢m
wwf? ynm&yfjzifh? qifvwfwefqm? &Sdapumvnf;? pGefYcGmolaumif;?
,Sufraygif;wnfh? taMumif;pHwl? yrmrlum;? ywåjrm;qif? e*g;yif
vnf;? rsm;zsifrcsrf;? ab;b,rf;ud?k Murf;wrf;b,fe?YH rjyKtHeh nf;? jyK
tHhonfom? vefYzG,f&mudk? ,kwfrmvlrkdufenf;wlwnf;/
oayÜg -a>ronf/
ula&m -Murf;MuKwf\h/
cavm -vl,w k o
f nf/
ula&m -Murf;MuKwf\h/
oyÜg -a>rxuf/
cavm -vl,w k o
f nf/
ul&wa&m -omvGefíY Murf;MuKwf\h/
oayÜg -a>rudk/
raEÅmo"d0aom -rEÅeaf q;0g;wkjYd zifh tavhtvmjyKjcif;iSm pGr;f Ekid \
f h
cavm -vl,w k u
f /kd
aue -tb,f0w¬Kjzif/h
ed0g,saw -wm;jrpfEkdifwkHtHhenf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
28 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /26
Ä vlru
dk ef nf;wl? a>ronfrv
l nf;? rsufxMl urf;rmef? pdwcf ufxef\?h rku
d f
oefvl,kwf? pdwfMurf;MuKwf\h? csKwfcs,fa>rUxuf? vlrkdufcuf\h? rmef
wufa>rtm;? rEÅ&m;ESifh? aq;0g;oGif;cg? Ekdifap&m\h? ,kwfrmvlrkduf?
b,faq;wkdufíY? p&dkuful;ajymif;? ESvkH;aumif;atmif? enf;aumif;
b,frSm&SdtHhenf;/
od*ÐeH ow¬ygPdeH/
0dómaom ae0umwaAÁm?
xDok &mZukavokp/ /
aqmifyk'f/ /27
Ä enf;aumif;wpfcsuf? rSwf,lusufavmh? vufonf;ç ajconf;? xm;
odNk yD;onf?h usm;BuD;opfq;dk ? jcaoFrh sKd;ud?k aumif;Ek;d pdwx
f if? uRrf;r0if
27/ *gxmonf tvuFmenf;tm;jzifh 0dbwftpOfysufaomaMumifh tw¬b*¾&Dwda'goa&muf\/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 29
aqmifyk'f/ /28
Ä owda&SUwif? ouf&Sdqifudk? zJ;MuOfa&SmifcGg? ukdufig;&mrS? jrif;rSig;
q,f? a&Smifz,fuGif;ywf? OD;csKdpGyfonfh? owå0gaumif? q,fawmifcGg
avmh? ,kwfrmvlrkduf? 'kp&kdufudk? NrJ;pkduf&yf&Gm? eD;uyf&mrS? cGga&SmifzJ;
teEÅm"r®pmay
30 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
"eH -Opömudk/
&au© -apmifha&Smuf&m\h/
'g&H -r,m;udk/
"ae[dyd -Opömypönf;wkdYxufvnf;/
&au© -apmifha&Smuf&m\h/
twåmeH -rdru
d ,
dk uf /kd
owwH -tNrJ;/
'ga&[dyd -r,m;wkdYxufvnf;aumif;/
"ae[dyd -Opömypönf;wdkYxufvnf;aumif;/
&au© -apmifha&Smuf&m\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /29
Ä a>rES,fr,Gif;? ESvkH;oGif;íY? ukd,fwGif;ab;'Pf? jyify&efudk? wGef;vSef
zkaYd &;? OpömaMu;ud?k tav;*&k? xde;f odr;f jyKavmh? olx
Y ufr,m;? apmifh
a&Smufrsm;íY? r,m;Opöm? ,if;ESpfjzmxuf? tcgcyfodrf;? ukd,fudkxdef;
rS? rvdrf;tjypf? ab;&efepfrnf? rvpfrvyfapownf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 31
y&'g&Hp -olwpfyg;\hr,m;ukdvnf;aumif;/
y&'AÁHp -olwpfyg;\hOpömudkvnf;aumif;/
y&ó -olwpfyg;\h/
y&d0g'Hp -uJh&JUjcif;udkvnf;aumif;/
aqmifyk'f/ / 30
Ä rvpfrvyf? owdcsyfíY? rpyfuGmjcm;? olwpfyg;\? r,m;Opöm? a0;
a0;cGmavmh? &SnfMumrwJh? tcspfrJhonf? uJh&JUpum;? rajymMum;ESifh? w
&m;jy,fjy,f? &SufaMumufzG,fvnf;? ysuf&,fpum;? rqkdjim;ESifh?
ausmufom;wEÅK? tav;jyKonfh? aus;Zl;t&Sif? ocifrdb? ponfa&SU
arSmuf? cpm;a&mufaomf? vQyfay:vyfvyf? rjyKtyfonf? ysyf0yf&adk o
&Sdapwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
32 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
ukvó -trsKd;tEG,\ f /h
taw¬ -taMumif;aMumif/h
{uH -wpfckaom/
'AÁH -j'yfudk/ (0g) Opömudk/
paZ -pGefY&m\h/
*gró -&Gmaevltaygif;wkdY\h/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
taw¬ -taMumif;aMumif/h
ukvH -trsKd;ud/k
paZ -pGefY&m\h/
Zey'ó -Zeyk'f\h/
twåaw¬ -taMumif;aMumif/h
*grH -&Gmudk/
paZ -pGefY&m\h/
twåaw¬ -rdr\ d taMumif;aMumif/h
yx0ð -ajrjyifxufae vlwawGudk/
paZ -pGefY&m\h/
aqmifyk'f/ / 31
Ä ysyf0yf&kdao? &SdvSapíY? rsKd;aqGwuGuf? aumif;usKd;wGufiSm? wpf
a,mufwmudk? pGefYcGm&m\h? wpf&Gmwajr? aumif;usKd;azGrl? rsKd;aqGcGg
vSyf? pGefYypftyf\h? &yfaygif;jynfusKd;? &nf&G,fusKd;rl? aqGrsKd;&Gm&yf? r
Munfhtyfwnfh? wpf&yfudk,fusKd;? &SdpEkd;rl? rsKd;NrdKUwkdif;cGif? ajrtjyifudk?
rcifruyf? pGefYy,ftyfonf? rwyfwPSm &Sif;&Sif;wnf;/
31/ ukvóaw¬? *gróaw¬ç Zey'óaw¬ç twåaw¬ wko
Yd nf 'a@ok[nawema*g-üuJo
h Ykd edrw
d å
w¬owårDwkdYwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 33
Ak'd̈rm -ynm&dSaomolonf/
{aue -wpfacsmif;aom/
yga'e -ajcjzifh/
pvwd -vIyf\h/ (0g) oGm;\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /32
Ä ruyfwPSm? yn0gum;? vSnfh&m&yfaygif;? ajcwpfacsmif;wnfh? wpf
acsmif;ajcrSm? wnfNrJ&m\h? Xmeae&if;? wajceif;íY? pOf;pm;ÓPfwiG ?f
&Iqifjcifvsuf? tvsifcsufjcif;? ud,
k ahf e&if;ud?k vufwiG ;f uvQif? rvTwf
cifonf? EIdif;,SOfb,f&Gm aumif;qkd;enf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
34 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
Ak'd̈rm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
taw¬e -Opömjzif/h
vk'Ḧ -avmbBuD;aomoludk/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
aqmifyk'f/ /33
Ä &yf&Gmaumif;qkd;? odatmifBudK;íY? wHpkd;vkdcsif? ypönf;cifudk? rrif&uf
a&m? ypönf;arQmíY? a'gorsufMuL;? vlbDvl;udk? ezl;wifrSD? vuftkyfcsD
íY? 'kópD &ku
d ?f vlirkud u
f ?kd tvku
d o
f ifah vsm? atmufBudKUajymíY? oabm
jzLbd? ynm&Sdudk? wpdxdefavSmifh? uG,fraxmifhyJ;? ajzmifajzmifhrSefpif;?
ajymqkdjcif;jzihf? vkd&if;udk,fhbuf? qGJ;aqmif,ufavm? ESpfoufvkdufyg
pNrJ;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 35
rwdrm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
tw¬emoHp -Opömukefcef;jcif;udkvnf;aumif;?
raemwmyHp -pdwfqif;&J; ylyefjcif;udkvnf;aumif;/
a*a[ -tdrüf /
aqmifyk'f/ /34
Ä vkud yf gpNrJ;? rcufc;J vnf;? 0rf;xJ;ydy?d ynm&So
d nf? uk,
d \ f Oh pöm? ysuf
jym;&mü? xifpGmzGifha[m? xkwfrajymbl;? raemnd§K;EGrf;? pdwfrcsrf;ESifh?
pnf;urf;usifhysuf? tdrfwGif;wGufudk? odk0SufpdwfwGif;? zGifhrvif;wnfh?
rpOf;vSnyhf wf? jyKwkv
H wfvnf;? vGwu f if;owd? razmfbcd ?hJ r&Swd idk ;f &Sn?f
uif;rJo
h nfvsuf? *kP&f nfrysuf? vQKdUxde0f u S o
f nf? r>rufrvif;wef&m
bl;/
35/ "e"nyÜa,ma*ok?
wxm 0dZÆm*arokp/
tm[ma& As0[ma&p?
pwåvaZÆm o'g ba0/ /
teEÅm"r®pmay
36 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
rwdrm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
"e"nyÜa,ma*ok-Opömç pyg;wkdY\ha<u;\htjzpfjzifh ay;jcif;paom
a&mif;0,fjcif;wkdYüvnf;aumif;/
wxm -xkdrSwpfyg;/
0dZÆm*arokp -twwfynm oif,ljcif; tm*krfwkdYüvnf;aumif;/
tm[ma&p -pm;aomufokH;aqmifaomtcgüvnf;aumif;/
As0[ma&p -a&mif;0,fzvS,f ukefoG,fjcif;üvnf;aumif;/
o'g -tcgcyfodrf;/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
aqmifyk'f/ /35
Ä rvif;wef&m? Opömpyg;? acs;iSm;zvS,f? a&mif;t0,fESifh? ysm;ES,f
ynm? qnf;yl;cgwnf?h tm[mabmZOf? pm;pOfvnf;aumif;? ukeaf &mif;
pkqnf;? ypönf;&SmBudKuf? xkdxkdckdufü? pGefYxkduf&SufaMumif;? odkYrSajrmuf
rnf? aemufwGefYrqkwf&mownf;/
rwdrm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
"edaem -olaX;wkdYvnf;aumif;/
aomw¬da,m -aA'ifwwfynm&Sdvnf;aumif;/
&mZm -rif;vnf;aumif;/
e'D -jrpfvnf;aumif;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 37
wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
yOöarm -ig;a,mufajrmufjzpfaom/
0aZÆm -aq;orm;vnf;aumif;/
{awyOö -xkdig;OD;wkdYonf/
,Mw -tMuift&yfa'oü/
e0dZÆaEÅ -r&SdMuukef/
wMw -xkt
d &yfa'oü/
0goH -aejcif;udk/
eum&a, -rjyK&m/
rwdrm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
,o®að 'ao -tMuift&yfü/
or®meH -jrwfEkd;tyfaomolonf/
etw¬d -r&S/d
36/ aomw¬da,-ü a,m-onf 0dbwfr[kwf? aomw¬d,yk'fwnf;? aomw¬d,-o'´gç qE´od-o'´g
y&d,m,fwljzpfonf? tr&aumo tm*krfjyíY #Dumqkd\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
38 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
yDwd -ESpfoufa&mifh&J;jcif;onf/
etw¬d -r&S/d
AE¨0gp -aqGrsKd;wkdonfvnf;/
etw¬d -r&Sud ek /f
aumpd -wpfpkHwpfckaom/
0dZÆm*armp -twwfynmoifp&m taMumif;onfvnf;/
etw¬d -r&S/d
wHa'oH -xktd &yfu/dk
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
y&d0ZÆa, -a&SmifMuOf&m\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /37
Ä raeoifh&m? t&yfrSum;? Muifem&kdusKd;? cspfjrwfEkd;onfh? olrsKd;uif;
rG;J ? a&mif&h ;J r&S?d ÓwdAvm? ynmr&? ,if;a'oü? wpfnwpf&uf? rtdyf
pufyJ;? oGufoGufrzifh? zJ;cGmoifhonf? &SnfjrifhrMumap&mwnf;/
«[dawmya'oü/ ]]e0kwådç eAE¨0g}}[k &Sd\h/ ]]0kwåd-ZD0dwm ZD0
aem yga,m}}[k#DumzGifh\h/ 0kwåd-toufarG;aMumif;onf/ e-r&Sd[k
ay;»
rwdrm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
reom -pdwfjzifh/
pdEw
dÅ H -MuHpnfq;Hk jzwftyfaom/
ur®H -trIu/kd
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 39
0pom -pum;jzihf/
eyumoa, -xif&Sm;rjy&m/
,awm -tMuifah Mumif/h
tnvu©dwum&d,ó-wpfyg;aom olonf odrSwftyfaomtusKd;&Sd
\h/
od'¨d -NyD;pD;jcif;onf/
eZm,aw -rjzpf/
wawm -xdkYaMumifh/
eyumoa, -xif&Sm;rjy&m/
wk -tqkH;tjzwfudk qkdOD;tHh/
0dpu©aPm -ynm&Sdaomolonf/
uka'oOö -pufqkyftyfaom t&yfudkvnf;aumif;/
uk0kwåðp -pufqkyftyfaom toufarG;jrLjcif;udk vnf;
aumif;/
38/ *gxmtzJGYwkdYü-jA[®p&d,ç t&d,ç 0dy&d,m,ç p&d,ç tmp&d,ç 0D&d,ç um&d, ponfjzifh yk'f\h
tv,fwiG f &d-tu©&myg&Sad omf *gxmOya'otwkid ;f ykid ;f jcm;tyfaom 0PÖxuf wpfv;Hk ykrd zdk q
YJG &dk ;dk
&SdMuonf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
40 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /39
Ä raygufrMum;? okd0Sufxm;íY? ÓPfom;jynfhvwf? ynmwwfum;? r
jrwfusifhqkd;? ,if;vlrsKd;wkdY? ckdukd;rSDuyf? raumif;&yfü? oyfoyfrae?
a&SmifMuOfavavmh? &SmazG0rf;ausmif;? oufarG;aMumif;vnf;? r
aumif;vQifypf? ZGwrf ESpEf iS ?hf tusifq h ;dk yky?f r,m;,kwv f nf;? z,fxw k f
ESiaf rmif;? ryl;aygif;&? raumif;ab;bsrf;? jynfEh u S >f yrf;onf?h jrpfMurf;
udkvsuf? rqif;oufESifh? pufqkyfzG,f&m? ,if;OpömESifh? &omabmZOf?
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Asm"daoaomp -tema&m*g\ht<uif;onfvnf;aumif;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 41
aqmifyk'f/ /40
pdEÅm -MuHpnfjcif;onf/
rEkómeH -vlwkdY\h/
Za&m -tkdrif;jcif;\htaMumif;wnf;/
tmwayg -aeylonf/
0w¬meH -t0wfwkdY\h/
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taomb*sH -bkef;uHr&Sd? vifr&Sdonf þrjzpfonf/
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teEÅm"r®pmay
42 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /41
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&kyfqif;? tkdvG,fjcif;\h? t&if;aMumif;csm? jzpfonfomwnfh? vGefpGm
xefjyif;? aeyljcif;onf? 0wfcif;t&kH? aqG;vG,fukef\h? cspf,kHuif;yg;?
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ykawåmp -om;onfvnf;aumif;/
bapömp -uRefonfvnf;aumif;/
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teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 43
aom -xko
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Xdawmyd -wnfaeaomfvnf;/
o*¾a|m -ewfjynfüwnfonfrnf\/h
aqmifyk'f/ /42
Ä tkd&vG,fjcif;? ESvkH;oGif;íY? om;&if;aus;uRef? jrwfrGefr,m;? okH;OD;
om;onf? pdwfxm;udk,fBudKuf? udk,fhvkdvkdufrl? ewfüxdkol? wnfonfwl
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,ó -tMuifo\ l /h
a*a[ -tdrüf /
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rdwåHp -rdwfaqGonfvnf;aumif;/
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wwfaom/
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tw¬d -&S\
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teEÅm"r®pmay
44 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /43
Ä rylcsrf;om? uif;olrSmum;? opömazmufjym;? p&kdufrSm;onfh? r,m;
ESifhwl? aerIvnf;aumif;? raumif;pOf;vJ? azmfo[J;ESifh? tNrJ;qufqH?
jyefvSefEIwfxkd;? aus;uRefrsKd;ESifh? wpftkd;wpftdrf? wlaeBudrfvsuf? acG
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rvGJ;? aoudef;yJ;[k? &J;&J;aA'ifa[mownf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 45
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wxm -xkdodkYaom tjcif;t&m&dSaomol\h/
*[H -tdro f nf/
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teEÅm"r®pmay
46 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
b&d,mp -r,m;onfvnf;/
owåK -&eforl nf\/h
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ykawåmp -rkdufaomom;onfvnf;/
owåK -&eforl nf\/h
aqmifyk'f/ /45
Ä usKd;eyfypöKyf? a<u;NrDvkyfonfh? xdef;tkyfbcif? &efolyifwnfh? jzLpif
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teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 47
aqmifyk'f/ /46
Ä aeYnOf, h uS uf ;l ? OMojrL;onf? &ifMh uL;om,m? wGo H o H monf? owå0g
OMo? tqif;a[m\h? oabmvifBh udKuf? vifv h v
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usifhjrwfonfh? oljrwfawmckd? tusifhqkdonf? MunfndK vlç ewf cyif;
teEÅm"r®pmay
48 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
oAÁoknm -tvkH;pkHqdwfjcif;&Sd\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /47
Ä MunfnKd vlç ewf? 0dZmÆ wwfr?S uif;jywfool? &Snrf t I ouf? usKd;rouf
wnfh? &yfxuf0ef;usif? oem;Muifonfh? cspfcifaqGrsKd;? r&Sdacsu? ajr
jyifv;Hk ydw?f c&D;qdw\
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Yd rd 0f ,fvnf;? ysufjy,f
aoGaY jcmuf? raysmfavmufwnf?h tdraf [mufcsnf;pnf;? Opömenf;u? qD;
qD;ydwfydwf? tukefqdwfonf? pdwfvufr&Tif? raysmfwnf;/
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0Hoa'gaoe -trsKd;tEG,f\htjypfaMumifh/
t'gwm -ray;urf;wwfjcif; txD;usefjcif;onf/
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b0wd -jzpf\h/
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Or®m'g -&l;oGyfjcif;onf/
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teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 49
aqmifyk'f/ /48
Ä pdwv f ufr&Ti?f rMunfvifonf?h tpOfrsKd;quf? tEG,pf ufí?Y usifyh suf
csKdU,Gif;? taMumif;&if;aMumifh? ,ufoGif;0efwkd? ray;vkdyJ;? MunfndK
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t*¾d -rD;onf/
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*k&k -q&muJhodkY tav;tjrwfjyKtyfaom t&mwnf;/
jAm[®aPm -ykPÖm;onf/
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ywd -vifonf/
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tbsm*awm -{nfo h nfonf/
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49/ -*k&kw¬DeH-ü *k&k £w¬DeH [k y'apä'jyKav/
teEÅm"r®pmay
50 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /49
Ä &SdaptNyD;? avmifnD;nD;wnfh? rD;onfjAm[®P? cwåd,ESifh? a0óEG,f
&kd;? ukvm;rsKd;wkdY? jrwfEkd;tyfonf? t&mrnf\h? qkdonfw0? jAm[®P
onf? ok;H 0trsKd;? xGwjf rwfE;dk &m? jzpfonfomwnf?h r&Smoa,muf? wpf
a,muftdrfh&Sif? &Sdaomvifudk? cspfcifZeD;? &dkaoBuD;\h? c&D;vrf;rS?
a&mufp{nfo h nf? ud, k rhf w
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rdwfpyf? &kdaotyfonf? aemuf&yf£E´d"avhwnf;/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
vuFm -oD[kdVfuRef;udk/
twd'aAÁ -tvGerf mefrjl cif;aMumif/h
[wm -zsufqD;tyf\h/
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Ydk dk
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twd'gae -tvGefay;jcif;aMumifh/
0gre&lydem -uGaom oabm&Sdaom/
[&dem -AdóPdk;ewfrif;onf/
Aa'¨g -aESmifzGJYtyf\h/
tpöEHÅ -tvGe, f wk rf maom/
oAÁH -tvk;H pku H /kd
*&[dwH -uJ&h UJ tyf\/h
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 51
aqmifyk'f/ /50
Ä £E´d"avh? rSwfOD;a&GUvQif? a&SUaomtcg? vuFmuRef;zGm;? oD[kdVfom;
wk?Yd axmifvmT ;[efBuD;? ud,
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rif;vSíY? 0da&m"eom;? Avdtm;vnf;? rif;um;[&d? csKyfbl;bd\h? £
wdodkYwGuf? vGefuJwufíY? tcsufvkH;pkH? rjyKukefESifh? oifh&kHjyKvwf? vGef
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wk -txl;udk qkdOD;tHh/
tvuFma&m -wefqmqif,ifjcif;onf/
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eaombaw -rwifw h ,f/
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eaombaw -rwifw h ,f/
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om;jrwf&Sdaom/
,mem&D -tMuiftysKdronf/
tw¬d -&S\
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teEÅm"r®pmay
52 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /51
Ä udk,fusKd;pD;yGm;? &Sdupm;vnf;? 0wfpm;txnf? udk,frwnfyJ;? vnf
&GJ;em;a!mif;? qifraumif;bl;? ravmif;axmywf? qDrcwfrl? rjrwft
pm? ravsmomwnh?f unm,rif;? om;jrwfuif;rl? jrifjcif;rzG,?f rwifh
w,fbl;? vlY0,ftwwf? ynmcRwfu? rjrwfoufarG;? vlrav;onf?
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
aea&;rwifh? rw,fwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 53
wyaom -tusifh\h/
zvH -tusKd;onf/
e -r[kwf/
aqmifyk'f/ /52
Ä aea&;rwifh? r&SdvifhyJ;? abmZOfhvnf;aumif;? pm;aMumif;owdå? pGrf;
&Sdarxkef? jrwfukefrdef;r? "ejynfhpkH? pGrf;[kefay;jcif;? jynfhwif;ukefvkH?
,if;rsKd;pkHonf? ao;EkHayghpm;? usifhw&m;aMumifh? &jim;urfusKd;r[kwf
wnf;/
'g&m -r,m;wkdYonf/
ykwåyÜa,mZem -om;ukdjzpfapjcif; tusKd;&Sdukef\h/
ykawåm -om;onf/
yd@yÜa,mZaem -xrif;udk jzpfapjcif;tusKd;&Sd\h/
rdwHå -rdwaf qGonf/
[dwyÜa,mZeH -tpD;tyGm;udk NyD;ajrmufapjcif;tusKd;&Sd\h/
"eH -Opömonf/
oAÁyÜa,mZeH -tvkH;pkHaom tusKd;udk NyD;apjcif;tusKd;&Sd\h/
aqmifyk'f/ / 53
Ä urfusKd;ay;jim;? cspfr,m;onf? om;orD;rsKd;? yGm;wkd;ap&kd;? &Sdt
usKd;wnf?h owk;d om;orD;? cspfrNiD;onf? vm;NyDwrvGe?f rdbrGeu
f ?kd &nf
teEÅm"r®pmay
54 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /54
Ä vlBuD;vli,f? pum;<u,fvnf;? ruG,frrSm;? ajzmifhpum;udk? Mum;&
wefcJ;? rsm;cRwfvGJ;\h? &J;&ifh*kPfvk? ab;uif;rIudk? jyKwwfaomom;?
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 55
teEÅm"r®pmay
56 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
om"a0g -olawmfaumif;wkdYnf/
e-oEÅd -r&Sdukef/ «rdrdeuf»
aqmifyk'f/ /55
Ä yku
d pf ;JG ESv;Hk ? awmiftvk;H ü? 0wfo;Hk xku
d pf m;? ywåjrm;pif? r&Syd ifwnf;?
qif[lorQ? omrnü? &wemykvJ;? &&SdcJ;\h? ndKYrJ;&DrIdif;? awm&Sdwkdif;
vnf;? ,Sufqkdif;pE´ul;? r&Sdbl;rSwf? txl;xl;&Gm? &yfrsufESmü? ynm
udef;atmif;? olawmfaumif;vnf;? ¤if;enf;wl? r&Sd[lonf? rSwf,lyg;
&Sm;? orkdYwnf;/
yanm -ynm&Sdukd/
ed'¨aemtyd -Opömyifr&Sdaomfvnf;/
taomapm -rpdk;&drftyf/
y@dwAE¨a0g -ynm&SdrdwfaqG&Sdaom/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 57
yk&daom -a,musfm;udk/
taomapm -rpkd;&drftyf/
ykwåewåywd|dwm -om;ajr;wkdYjzifh wnfjcif;odkY a&mufaom/
em&D -rdef;rudk/
0d"0gtyd -vifyifuif;aomfvnf;/
taompm -rpkd;&drftyf/
aqmifyk'f/ /56
Ä rSwf,lyg&Sm;? a&S;uHyg;íY? rrsm;Opöm? qif;&J;ygvnf;? ynmvuf&Sd?
t0daZÆm -ynmr&Sdaom/
yk&daom -a,musfm;udk/
aomapm -pkd;&drftyf\h/
tyZH -owå0gtpOfr&Sad om/
arxkeH -arxkeu f ?kd
aompH -pkd;&drftyf\h/
ed&m[m&m -tm[m& MuOftyfukefaom/
yZm -owå0gwkdYudk/
56/ ur®0gpu Bud,mrsm;jzpfíY o'´gpnf;urf;odkY vkdufíY teufay;vkduf\h/ aqmifyk'füum;-t
"dyÜm,fxifatmif uwåm;euf a&;vkduf\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
58 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aompm -pkd;&drftyfukef\h/
t&mZuH -rif;tqkH;truif;aom
&ZÆH -wkdif;jynfudk/
aompH -pkd;&drftyf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ / 57
Ä tm;udk;tm;xm;? ynm&Sm;onfh? a,musfm;vlav? pkd;&drfayavmh?
oaE¨rjyK? arxkerf v
I nf;? vlüAvm? pd;k &dr&f m\h? tm[m&uif;? vlcyif;
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ukav[d -trsKd;aumif;om;wkdYESifh/
o[ -wuG/
orÜuúH -pyfjcif;ukdvnf;aumif;/
y@daw[d -ynm&SdaomolwkdYESifh/
o[ -wuG/
rdwåwH -rdwfaqG\htjzpfukdvnf;aumif;/
ÓwDbd -rdbom;csif;wkdYESifh/
orH -twlwuG/
arvH -aygif;qkHjcif;ukdvnf;aumif;/
ukAÁmaem -jyKaom/
Zaem -vlonf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 59
e0deówd -rysufpD;Ekdif/
aqmifyk'f/ /58
Ä ckd;om;"m;jy? uif;umvü? wluGrsKd;aumif;? om;ESifhaygif;íY? jynfh
atmif;0dZÆm? yn0gESihf? ruGmvGwfuif;? qufqHjcif;jzifh? aqG&if;rsKd;
a[mif;? awGYMuHKaygif;u? ylaMumif;pifjzL? xkdoolonf? rSwf,lrysuf
rpD;wnf;/
y&m"daem -olwpfyg;ESifhpyfaom/
0kwåd -toufarG;&jcif;onf/
u|m -qif;&JNidKjiif\h/
ed&moa,m -tdrfr&Sdaom/
0gaom -wnfae&jcif;onf/
ua|m -qif;&JNidKjiif\h/
ed'¨aem -Opömr&Sdaom/
As0oma,mp -a&mif;0,f&jcif;onfvnf;/
ua|m -qif;&J;\h/
'vd'´wm -Opömr&Sd rGJ;awonf\htjzpfonf/
oAÁu|m -cyfodrf;aomt&mü qif;&J;NidKjiif\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /59
Ä rysufrpD;? olYukdrSD;íY? ukd,fxD;cJ;cuf? olESifhqufonfh? oufarG;0rf;
teEÅm"r®pmay
60 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
wuú&ó -olckd;\h/
"ar®m -w&m;onf/
ukawmtw¬d -tb,frmS &Std ehH nf;/
'kZÆeó -ol,kwfrm\h/
crm -onf;cHjcif;onf/
ukawmtw¬d -tb,frmS &Std ehH nf;/
a0od,mp -jynfhwefqmr\hvnf;/
aoéa[m -tpOfcspfjcif;onf/ (0g) vmwkdif;cspfjcif;onf/
ukawmtw¬d -tb,frmS &Std ehH nf;/
umrdeH -umrtvGeBf uD;ukeaf omolw\Ydk /h (0g) umrESyd pf uf
tyfukefaomolwkdY\h/
opöOö -rSefuefaompum;onfvnf;/
ukawmtw¬d -tb,frmS &Std ehH nf;/
aqmifyk'f/ / 60
Ä vlwef;raph? ckd;0Sufavhwnfh? nOfhç aeykef;vQKd;? vlYolckd;\h? aMumif;ç
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 61
aqmifyk'f/ /61
Ä tcuftcJ;? ykduf,lpGJ;íY? tNrJ;olYuRef? tapcH\h? rmefaxmifyvTm;?
b,f&Sdjim;tHh? jzpfyGm;trsuf? axmif;axmif;xGufrl? xkdoolü? at;vl
teEÅm"r®pmay
62 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
&mZm -rif;onf/
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AvH -tm;wnf;/
a&m'eH -idkjcif;onf/
AmvmeH -oli,fwkdY\h/
AvH -tm;wnf;/
armedwHå -qdwq f wd af eonf\t h jzpfonf/
rlV§ó -vlrkduf\h/
AvH -tm;wnf;/
twxH -vdrv f nfajymqkjd cif;onf/
apm&meH -olckd;wkdY\h/
AvH -tm;wnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /62
Ä uGufuGufuGif;uGif;? jynfh&Sifrif;onf? tm;uif;ol\h? tm;rnf\h
wnf;? i,fonfhuav;? usLusLaqG;vsuf? ikda<u;atmfrnf? tm;tif
rnf\h? pGrf;&nfrJhuif;? EIwfqdwfjcif;onf? vlzsif;cGeftm;? ,lrSwfom;
avmh? pum;rrSef? azmufjyefusifhqkd;? EIwfoHrsKd;udk? olckd;wkdYtm;? pGrf;
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 63
aqmifyk'f/ /63
Ä >rufMum;ola[mif;? enf;wpfaMumif;um;? vufa[mif;&SdNrJ;? pGefYypf
vJ;íY? topfqnf;\h? ypönf;&Sd&if;? xkdizsif;\h? ysuf,Gif;aysmufav?
wGufudef;aownfh? &SmazGxyfavmif;? ypönf;aESmif;vnf;? ¤if;enf;ykH?
aysmufysufwkHonf? tpkHopfa[mif;vufrJhwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
64 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
okuúH -ajcmufaom/
rHoH -tom;udk pm;jcif;vnf;aumif;/
0k'¨g -touf 55 ESpfausmfí BuD;ukefaom/
xda,m -ta&SUyef*syfwkdif;olwkdYudk rSD0J;jcif;vnf;aumif;/
Amvauúm -xufaomuef&moDü wnfaomaea&mifukd rS0D ;J jcif;
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
vnf;aumif;/
w&kPH -topfjzpfaom/
'"d -EkdY"rf;udk pm;aomufjcif;vnf;aumif;/
ybmaw -rkd;vif;aomeHeufü/
arxkeH -arxkefrSD0J;jcif;vnf;aumif;/
ybmaw -rkd;vif;aomeHeufü/
ed'´g -tdyfjcif;vnf;aumif;/
{wmedq -þajcmufrsKd;wkdYonf/
oZÆK -,ckcsufjcif;/
ygP[&med -toufudk aqmif,lzsufqD;wwfukef\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /64
Ä tpkHa[mif;opf? aoGYajcmufuspfaom? om;wpfrJ;n§if;? okH;pm;jcif;
vnf;aumif;? tkdrif;&GwfwG? xkdrdef;rü? umraygif;oif;? qufjcif;Budrf
zef? uef&moDwGif;? aetvif;udk? vIHjcif;w0? jzpfp'defcJ;? rSD0J;wyfruf?
eHeufapmapm? arxkeaf ESmESi?hf usarmtdyrf ?I þajcmufcok nf? ,ckcsuf
jcif;? ysufpD;jcif;jzifh? vufiif;touf wkdaMumif;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 65
aqmifyk'f/ /65
Ä vufiif;touf? wkd;yGm;csufum;? rsufarSmufoefY&Sif;? tom;[if;
ESifh? xrif;aEG;aEG;? avG;jcif;vnf;aumif;? Ekajymif;ysKdrspf? unmppf
ESifh? cspfcifpkHruf? umr,Sufí? pm;vsufaxmywf? pOfrjywfESifh? vwf
qwfrcsKdU? EGm;EkdYa&aEG;? aomufbkOf;ay;avmh? ta&;ajcmufyg;? usifh
xkH;rsm;onf? wkd;yGm;touf &SnfaMumif;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
66 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
pwåm&d ukuúK#m'yd/ /
Zaem -vlonf/
oD[m -jcaoFx h rH /S
{uHtyd -wpfcak omtwwfuv kd nf;aumif;/
Aum -AsKdif;xHrS?
{uHtyd -wpfcak omtwwfuv kd nf;aumif;/
okem -acG;xHrS/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
q -ajcmufckaomtwwfwkdYudkvnf;aumif;/
*j'bm -jrnf;xHrS/
wDPd -okH;ckaomtwwfwkdYudkvnf;aumif;/
0g,om -usD;xHrS/
pwk -av;ckwkdY\h taygif; jzpfaom twwfwkdYvnf;
aumif;/
ukuKú #m -MuufxrH /S
pwåm&dtyd -av;ckaomtwwfwkdYudkvnf;aumif;/
odau©x -oif,l&m\h/
« odau©x-ü owårD twåaemyk'f-yxryk&dof {u0kpfç {x-0dbwf
wnf;»
aqmifyk'f/ /66
Ä wkd;yGm;touf? enf;rSqufíY? te*¢wef? enf;,l&efukd? rcsefpkHaph? qkd
wkHaytHh? jcaoFhxHrS? enf;w0ESifh? AsKdif;rSwwef? acG;xHrSajcmuf? xdk
aemufjrnf;rS? ok;H e,wnf?h usD;rSav;0? MuufraS v;yg;? enf;azmfMum;
onf? rSwfom;udk,fh0,f BuD;yGm;aMumif;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 67
aqmifyk'f/ /67
Ä rSwof m;uk, d 0hf ,f? rIBuD;i,fw?Ydk jyKzG,q
f E´? &Sad vurl? vkv
YH tm;xkw?f
avsmhrqkwf&? ,kwfjrwfBuD;i,f? ra&G;cs,fyJ;? jyKzG,frIcif;? tm;xkwf
jcif;udk? om;rif;"dyawh? a&T*larGYonfh? jcaoFhenf;jrwf? wpftwwf[k?
rSwf,lvkdufemMu&mwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
68 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
Zaem -vlonf/
oAÁd`E´d,med -cyfodrf;aom pu©Kpaom£a`E´wkdYudk/
oH,r -aumif;pGm apmifhxdef;íY (0g) tavhtxjyKíY?
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aqmifyk'f/ /68
Ä vku d ef mMuav? £a`E´u?kd wapxde;f csKyf? AsKdi;f ES,t
f yk í
f ?Y tvkyüf om?
wnfNrJ;pGmvsuf? umv&yfavsmuf? jzpfay:aygufonf?h rsm;avSmufupd ?ö
NyD;ap&\h? xkdrQxkwfjy? enf;w0onf? AsKdif;rSoif,lrIaywnf;/
om -acG;onf/
A[GmoD -ocifü rsm;pGmawmifhwavh&Sd\h/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 69
om -acG;onf/
tyÜoEÅKa|m -tenf;i,faomxrif; paom0w¬Kjzifh a&mifh&J;
wwf\h/
om -acG;onf/
okeda'´g -csr;fomojzifh tdyfavh&Sd\h/ (0g) tdyfaysmfvG,f\h/
om -acG;onf/
oDCapwem -vsifpGmEkd;wwf\h/
ybkoomawåmp -acG;onf t&Sifüvnf; qnf;uyfwwf\h/
om -acG;onf/
aqmifyk'f/ /69
Ä arG;auR;okwfoif? udk,fht&Sifü? vGefyifawmifhw? jyKvkHYvESifh? enf;
rQtpm? &cgrQw? aumif;pGmtdyfarGY? Ekd;avhvsifjref? &SifhxHrvyf? csnf;
qnf;uyfíY? owådruGm? &J;0HhpGmonf? ajcmufjzmacG;rSenf;aywnf;/
*j'abm -jrnf;onf/
t0dómrH -yifyef;em;aejcif;r&SdrlíY/
teEÅm"r®pmay
70 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /70
Ä ocifckdif;ap? em;raeyJ;? rajztyef;? vrf;pcef;ü? &Tifvef;ajymif
ajymif? 0efudkaqmif\h? awmawmifMurf;Murf;? OwkMurf;vnf;? csrf;ç
yl ESpfjyif? rodvQifwnfh? tpOfa&mifh&J;? aewwfNrJ;íY? þeJ;okH;0? jrnf;
xHrSonf? ,lMuayukef&mownf;/
71/ *kV§arxke"r®Oö?
umavumavp o*F[H/
tyÜrm'r. emvosH?
pwk odau©x 0g,om/ /
0g,aom -usD;onf/
*kV§arxke"r®Oö -vQKdU0Suftyfaom arxkeftusifh&Sdonfudk/
uk&,s -jyK&m\h/
umavumavp -oifhwifhavQmufywfaomtcgüvnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 71
teEÅm"r®pmay
72 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
abmZeOö -tpmpm;jcif;ukdvnf;/
uk&,s -jyK&m\h/
tmy'*¾wH -ysufpD;a&; ab;&efokdYa&mufaom/
xd,H -Muufrudk/ (0g) rdef;rudk/
&au© -apmifha&Smuf&m\h/ (0g) apmifha&Smufwwf\h/
{wHpwk -xkdav;cktaygif;jzpfaomtwwfudk/
uku#ú m -MuufxrH /S
odau©x -oif,l&m\h/
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aqmifyk'f/ /72
Ä &efolrsufjrif? ppfajrjyifü? ppfqifxkd;&m? uRrf;vdr®mvsuf? eHeufapm
apm? xoabmwnfh? wla&mrjym;? om;r,m;ESifh? aqGom;rdwfaqG? &Sm
azGpm;aomuf? pnf;razmufwnfh? ab;a&muf&efeD;? cspfZeD;udk? wm;
qD;apmifah &Smuf? wGerYf aMumufonf? rSwaf vmufMuufrS av;enf;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 73
0da'aom -t&yfwpfyg;onf/
aumtw¬d -tb,frmS &St
d ehH nf;/
yd,0g'deH -cspfzG,faom pum;ukd ajymMum;wwfaomolwkdY
tm;/
ya&m -&efolonf/
aumtw¬d -tb,frmS &St
d ehH nf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /73
Ä owådpGrf;&nf? udk,f0,fwnfu? rnfonfhudpö? 0efav;MutHh? w00,f
teEÅm"r®pmay
74 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
wMw -xkt
d &yfo/Ykd
*rae -oGm;jcif;ü/
a,e -tMuifc&D;vrf;jzihf/
£|H -tvk&d tdS yf\/h
awe -xkdc&D;vrf;jzifh/
*rsaw -oGm;tyf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /74
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0dZÆmoarm -ynmESifhwlaom/
AE¨K -aqGrsKd;onf/
eptw¬d -r&SdonfomvQifwnf;/
Asm"doarm -tema&m*gESifhwlaom/
&dyk -&efolonf/
eptw¬d -r&SdonfomvQifwnf;/
typöoarm -om;ESifhwlaom/
aoéa[m -cspfaomolonf/
eptw¬d -r&SdonfomvQifwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 75
a'0g -vGefjrwfaom/
AvH -tm;onf/
eptw¬d -r&So
d nfomwnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /75
Ä urÇmwpfcGif? wkdif;tjyifü? ynmESifhwl? rdwfaqG[lonf? jrLrQrxif?
udk,fwGifpGJuyf? a&m*g&yfESifh? EIdif;tyf&efol? r&Sd[l\h/ om;wlwrQ? cspf
tyfvaS om? owåtrsKd;? r&S&d ;dk wnf;? wefc;dk xdevf uf? ewfwxYdk ufvnf;?
vTrf;wufcGeftm;? r&Sdjim;onf? rSwfom;avmuopömwnf;/
blrd -ajronf/
ork'´g0&Pm -orkj'mvQif tydkif;tjcm;t&pftywf&Sd\h/
*[H -tdro f nf/
ygum&m0&PH -wHwkdif;vQif t&Htwm;t&pftywf&Sd\h/
a'om -t&yfwo Ydk nf/
e&dE´m 0&Pm -rif;vQif tydkif;tjcm; tapmifhta&Smuf&Sdukef\h/
xda,m -rdef;rwkdYonf/
pm&dwåm0&Pm -udk,fusifhoDvvQif tydkif;tjcm; tapmifhtxdef;
&Sdukef\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /76
Ä ZrÁL0ef;usif? ajrtjyifonf? av;tiforkj'm? ydwfqD;um\h? tdrfrSm
teEÅm"r®pmay
76 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /77
Ä orD;unm? &wemonf? yrmqkd&kd;? axmywftkd;wnfh? owkd;om;rl?
rD;vQHylESifh? wlonfqwfqwf? ynmwwfonf? axmywfESifhrD;? yrmrSD;
onf? orD;owkd;? rdef;rrsKd;udk? owkd;om;ESifh? rjcm;wluG? rxm;&onf?
wm;&ç qD;&rnf\hwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 77
xDeH -rdef;rwkdY\h/
tm[ma&m -tpmpm;jcif;udk/
'Gd*kaPm -a,musfm;wkdYxuf ESpfqom\h[líY/
rawm -ajymqkdtyf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /78
Ä vlY&Gmavmu? vlrdef;ronf? avmbajrmufrsm;? tpmpm;ü? a,m
usfm;wkdYxuf? ESpfqxuf\h? &kwfw&ufÓPf? av;qvGef\h? xufoef
vkHYv? Oóm[um;? ajcmufqrsm;\h? vkdufpm;umr? ,Suf&m*ü? &Spfq
olYxuf? vGefuJ;rufonf? wufwufpifatmifuGmownf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
78 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
ZdPÖH -a[mif;EGrf;aususufNyD;aom/
tEéH -qefponfESifh,SOfaom tm[m&udk/
yoHao,s -aumif;onf\htjzpfjzifh csD;rGrf;tyf\h/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
aqmifyk'f/ /79
Ä tpmxrif;? aususufvsif;rS? aumif;wif;pum;? xkwfajymMum;
avmh? r,m;ZeD;? &G,fvGefNyD;rS? csD;rGrf;*kPf&nf? ajymoifhonfwnfh? ppf
onfo&l ;J ? ppfwudk yf ;JG ü? EG;J íYatmifjrif? jynfo0dYk ifr?S rTe;f wifcsD;ajr§muf?
*kPfwifavmuf\h? aumufqefpyg;? usDoGif;xm;rS? ysufjym;rxif? csD;
rTrf;csifavmh? BudKwifryifhajr§muf&mwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 79
aqmifyk'f/ /80
Ä &wkid ;f rvG;J ? ra&mif&h ;J onf?h ieJ;ykPmÖ ;? ysufq;Hk yg;\h? &jim;wif;wdr?f
qdwfqdwfNidrfíY? pnf;pdrfpHaysmf? rif;aomfysufpD;? jynfBuD;zG,f&m? jynfh
wefqmum;? &Suyf gwwfu? ysufp;D Mu\h? rdbaumif;qk?d orD;ysKdvnf;?
ud,
k u
f rkd iJ?h r&Suwf yhJ ;J ? uJ&h UJ zG,&f m? jzpfvwfygrl? vk&d mpD;yGm;? ,kwaf vsmh
yg;onf? vm;vm;ysufpD;aMumif;aywnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
80 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
rkV§ykawåm -vlrkduf\hom;jzpfaom/
y@dawmp -ynm&dSaomolonfvnf;aumif;/
t"aee -Opömr&Sdaomolonfvnf;aumif;/
"eH -OpömESifhjynfhpkHjcif;odkY/
ygys -a&mufíY/
ZeH -owå0gudk/
wdP0H -jrufuu kd o
hJ /Ykd
rnwd -rSwfxif\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /81
Ä ,kwfnHhatmufus? rsKd;&kd;rSonf? bGm;yao|feif;? jynfh&Sifrif;[k? jzpf
jcif;&Sdol? ¤if;vlESifh? rjzLp&kduf? vlirkduf\h? &ifüom;vsuf? ynmxuf
wnf?h qufqufqif;&J;? zGwzf w G rf ;JG vsuf? wk;d uJ;Opöm? jynfw
h if;&Smrl? þ
olvnf;aumif;? vltaygif;udk? jrufacsmif;zGJ;xif;? ykHES,foGif;onf?
aoG;uif;em;xifwufíYwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 81
ed'¨aem y&dbl,aw/ /
,ó -tMuifo\ l /h
0dykvH -jyefYajymBuD;us,faom/
"eH -Opömonf/
tw¬d -&S\
d /h
aomea&m -xkdoludk/
jA[®[myd -jrwfaomtusifh&Sdaomoludkyif owfaomfvnf;/
ykaZÆm -ylaZmftyf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /82
Ä qkwfuyfor,? acwfumvü? "ejynfh0? ukHwHurl? jrwfvStmpm?
&[EÅmud?k owfygaomfvnf;? rIronf;od?Yk qnf;uyf&adk o? jyKMuav\h?
rsKd;aqGbrd? qif;oufbdíY? v\hozG,f? w&m;<u,faom? tEG,füyif?
jzpfygvQifvnf;? r&Tif"e? vufrJhurl? vlrQrxif? zDqefYusifonf? jzpf
tifqw k u
f yfumvwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
82 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
,m0dZmÆ -tMuiftwwfynmonf/
aygw¬u|m -aypmyk&ykdufbkwftkyfü wnf\h/
,H"eH -tMuifOpömonf/
y&[w¬*wH -olwpfyg;vufodkYa&muf\h/
udpuö mav -jyKzG,uf pd o
ö nf/
orkyÜaEé -aumif;pGm jzpfay:a&mufvmonf&Sdaomf/
om0dZÆm -xkdynmonf/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
e -ynmrrnf/
w'¨eH -xkdOpömonf/
e -Opömrrnf/
uo®m -tb,fhaMumifhenf;[lrlum;/
edyævwåm -tusKd;r&Sdonf\htjzpfaMumifhwnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /83
Ä y&ykdufay? pmtkyfawGü? wnfae0dZÆm? wwfynmESifh? ,kHpGmolYxH? oGif;
tyfESHonfh? "eHa&TaiG? &Sdyacsonf? a&mufavudpö? MuHKBudKufuvQif?
Opömhynm rrnf&monf? rSwfyg udk,frS uif;íYwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 83
b,H -ab;onf/
0wåaw -jzpf\h/
om"leH -olawmfaumif;wkdY\h/
'kZÆem -ol,kwfrmaMumifh/
b,H -ab;onf/
0wåaw -jzpf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /84
Ä opfyiftaygif;? ysufpD;aMumif;um;? &dkufanmif;xef;oD;? av[kef
wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
&mZur®ed -rif;rIudpöü/
yan -ynm&Sdukd/
ed,kZÆrmae -apckdif;tyfonf&Sdaomf/
&anm -rif;\h/
,aomp -tjcHt&H tausmftapmonfvnf;aumif;/
o*¾ed0gaomp -ewfjynfüae&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
84 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
0dykavm -BuD;us,faom/
"em*armp -Opöm&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/
{awwa,m*kaPm-xkd*kPfokH;rsKd;wkdYonf/
oEÅd -xif&Sm;&dSMuukef\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /85
Ä wkdif;jynfpkd;eif;? jynfh&Sifrif;onf? rIcif;BuD;i,f? rif;jyKzG,fü? ayg
,,fokwm? &Sdynmudk? OpömaiGaMu;? *kPfxl;ay;íY? ta&;tavsmuf?
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
&mZur®ed -rif;a&;rif;rIü/
rlaV§ -vlrkdufudk/
ed,kZÆrmae -apckdif;tyfonf&Sdaomf/
cwåd,ó -rif;\h/
t,aomp -tjcHt&H tausmftapmrJhonfvnf;aumif;/
tw¬emaomp -OpömpD;yGm; ysufjym;jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/
wxm -xkdrSwpfyg;/
e&au -i&J;ü/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 85
*reH -oGm;&jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/
{awwa,mt*kaPm-xkdokH;rsKd;aom tjypfwkdYonf/
b0EÅd -jzpfukef\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /86
Ä ynmrJh&Sm;? vlYiEGm;udk? rif;um;csD;jr§ifh? apckdif;vifhrl? aysmufvGifha>c
&H? e|HpD;yGm;? aojim;i&J;? us rvGJ;onf? rSwfpGJ;okH;*kPf uif;ownf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /87
Ä tcsif;tcsif;? arwåmuif;íY? awmwGif;om;ES,f? rzG,fraumif;?
teEÅm"r®pmay
86 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
,ó -tMuifo\ l /h
e'DwDa& -jrpfurf;ü/
acwåH -v,fajronf/
tw¬d -&S\
d /h
b&d,myd -r,m;onfvnf;/
y&yÜd,m -olwpfyg;udk tpOfwyfESpfoufwwf\h/
ykwåó -om;\h/
0dea,mp -qkH;rjcif;onfvnf;/
ew¬d -r&Sd/
wó -xkdol\h/
rpöKa&0 -ao&rnfomvQifwnf;/
eoHoa,m - ,kHrSm;r&Sd&m/
aqmifyk'f/ /88
Ä avmuvlY&Gm? "r®wmvkduf? v,f,mjcHajr? &SdcJhacsvnf;? urf;ajcü
wnf? r,m;onfvnf;? cspfMunfvifi,f? wpfyg;0,fwnf?h i,furoif?
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 87
,H -tMuiftrIu/kd
aqmifyk'f/ /89
Ä jzpfwwfysufqkH;? avmuxkH;vnf;? vkH;vkH;r&Sd? aMumif;wpdudk? owd
a&SUapm? xkwfrajymESifh? oabmtavsmuf? jzpfEkdifavmuf&m? rsuf
arSmuf xif&Sm;? xkwfajymMum;avmh? trsm; avSmif&m? jzpfwwfygíY?
89/ ygeD,H-yk'fudk tjcm;edó,wkdYü «ygeD,H-a&ü»[k teufjyefrSm;,Gif;Muukef\? ygeD,-yk'f&if;
yg-"mwfç teD,-ypönf;? eykv’dif-'kwD,m {u0kpf 0dbwfjzifh NyD;aomyk'fwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
88 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
edpöH -tNrJ;/
uoau -v,fxeG af vh&adS omolü/
okbdu©H -om,m0ajym xrif;aygjcif;onf/
b0wd -jzpf\h/
edpöH -tNrJ;/
ta&m*daw -tema&m*guif;aomolü/
okcH -csrf;omjcif;onf/
b0wd -jzpf\h/
,óbwåK -tMuifvif\/h
b&d,m -r,m;onf/
yd,m -cspfzG,fudk jyKwwf\h/
wó -xkdol\h/
*[H -tdro f nf/
edapömó0H -tNrJ;ESpo
f ufz, G o
f nf/
b0wd -jzpf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /90
Ä 0rf;aMumif;oufarG;? jzLpifazG;onfh? vkyfa&;v,form;? xkda,m
usfm;ü? pm;zG,fxrif;? &vG,fjcif;wnfh? vGwfuif;a&m*g? &SdolrSmum;?
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 89
aqmifyk'f/ /91
Ä jrL;wl;aysmfyg;? vkdufupm;íY? aeYtm;rsm;vS? vlYAmvü? udpöi,fBuD;?
ysufysufpD;\h? jyKef;wD;Opöm? r&Sdygrl? ynmÓPfuif;? ysufpD;jcif;wnfh?
yif&if;rme? &Sad vMuvnf;? awmif;urmef[ek ?f uif;aysmufuek \ f ?h rsKd;
teEÅm"r®pmay
90 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
zvpäm,morEGdawm-toD;t&dyfESifhjynfhpkHaom/
r[m0au©m -opfyifBuD;udk/
ao0dwaAÁm -rSD0J;tyf\h/
a'0g -ewfaMumifh/
zvH -toD;onf/
,'dew¬d -tu,fíY r&SdonfjzpftHh/
qm,m -t&dyfudk/
aue -b,foo l nf/
ed0g&a, -wm;jrpfEkdifwkHtHhenf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /92
Ä t&dyfvnf;NyD;? nTwfatmifoD;onfh? yifBuD;udkuyf? rSD0J;tyf\h? oyf
oyfzkH;vTrf;? ewftpGrf;aMumifh? ukefcef;oD;vkH;? uif;qdwfokOf;vnf;?
b,fyOk ;f xGe;f awmuf? t&dyaf ysmufatmif? azsmufprG ;f Ekid yf gwkt
H ehH nf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 91
Zaee -vlonf/
yXar -i,faomyXrt&G,fü/
0dZÆm -twwfynmudk/
,'detZÆdwm -tu,fíY roifMum;onfjzpftHh/
'kwDa, -ysKdEkaom 'kwD,t&G,fü/
"eH -Opömudk/
,'detZÆw
d H -tu,fíY r&SmrSD;onfjzpftHh/
wwDa, -tjym;tm;jzifh BuD;yGm;aom wwd,t&G,fü/
yknH -aumif;rIudk/
aqmifyk'f/ /93
Ä vlY&Gmavmu? vlYb0ü? yxr&G,f? Eke,fpOfu wwfodyÜudk? &atmif
qnf;pk? tm;xkwrf u
I ?kd rjyKuif;uGm? 'kw,
D mü? r&SmOpöm? wwD,mvnf;?
yknmukov? vkH;r&yJ;? 0,avsmus? pwkwŸ? r<uukd,fvuf? Z&mESuf
íY? tm;ysufudk,ftd? usKd;r&Sdonf? rSwfodapmapmpD;pD;wnf;/
93/ eZÆdwmç eZÆdwH wkdYü em-[k 'DC rjzpfoifh? ou#o'´g? ]]o,&aPm &aCm}}okwfjzifh a&SUaemuf
&o-o&ESpfvkH;? aygif;íY? 'DCa&mufoifhaomfvnf;? rm*"o'´gokwf? O'g[&kPfr&Sd/
teEÅm"r®pmay
92 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /94
Ä urf;em;opfyif? pnfpnfyifvnf;? rsm;zsifaus;Zl;? r&Sdbl;wnhf? t
xl;rSwf,l? olwnf;odrf;qnf;? ypönf;udk,fh[m? usKd;rJhpGm\h? jzpfvmt
Muif? udpöwGifvnf;? wGifus,frdef;r? pD&ifurl? ysufpG"r®wm? usKd;Avm
onf? OD;pGmurÇmh pOfvmwnf;/
uka'oH -pufqyk t
f yfaomt&yfo/Ykd
tmoZÆ -uyfa&mufí/Y
tw¬oOöa,m -Opömaygif;pkjcif;onf/
94/ , ó-ü ,H tó-[kyk'fcGJav? tó-ba0 [kzGifh/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 93
aqmifyk'f/ /95
Ä r0rajym? raumif;aom&yf? oGm;rSuD yfí?Y vmbfoyfypön;f ? Opömqnf;
vnf;? csnf;ESD;Avm? &Sdwwf&m\h? ynmyg;uif;? om;izsif;udk? n§if;
n§if;omMunf? auR;arG;wnfaom? *kPf&nfBuD;rm;? brdrsm;ü? om;u
ylaZmf? aomufa&aomfvnf;? ray:rayguf? Xmefra&mufwnf?h raxmuf
rxm;? usifhysufjym;onfh? r,m;qkdol? þonfhvl\h? tdrf[lonfrSm?
teEÅm"r®pmay
94 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
ulayg'uHp -wGif;a&onfvnf;aumif;/
0#päm,mp -yanmifyif&dyfonfvnf;aumif;/
omrm -opfaomt&G,çf ysKdEak omt&G,Ef pS cf w
k üYdk wnfaom
a&Taomtqif;&Sdaom/
xDp -rdef;ronfvnf;aumif;/
£|umv,Hp -tkXw f udk o
f nfvnf;aumif;/
oDwumav -at;aomumvü/
OPSH -ylaEG;onf/
ba0 -jzpf\h/
8drSumavp -ylaomumvüvnf;/
oDwvH -at;onf/
ba0 -jzpf\/h «omrmxDvu©Pmonf [dawmyaoo#Dum
ESifhvnf; nD\h/»
aqmifyk'f/ /96
Ä wGif;xGufa&pif? yanmifyif&dyf? a&ToGifqif;0g? unmorD;? tkXfjzifh
NyD;onfh? cdkrSD;tdrfausmif;? pkpkaygif;onf? aqmif;at;umv? aEG;wwf
MuíY? *drSmcgaEG? at;wwfavonf? rSwfay"mwfckd;? ajymif;jyefwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 95
&wåð -nOfhumvü/
puFreH -tzefzef oGm;vmjcif;onf/ (0g) tvGefvSnfhvnf
jcif;onf/
0doH -tqdyEf iS w
hf \
l /h
aqmifyk'f/ /97
Ä rkdufarSmifusus? nOfhumvü? avQmufupBuø? wpf&Haumif;usKd;? r
ay;rsKd;aMumifh? ac:&kd;edrdwf? vlYtqdyfwJh? xJ;BudwfESD;&if;? jynfh&Sifrif;
ESifh? aygif;oif;jyefrI? tqdyf[l\h? cspfolocif? vifudkMunfhíY? i,fvif
arsmufom;? olwpfyg;ESifh? aysmfyg;rdef;r? qdyfrnfpGwnfh? &m*tem? r
ukygvnf;? yrmtqdy?f ajymtwdwo f nf? y@dwo f al [mif;rsm;aywnf;?
97/ tnmowåm-udk tn tmowåm yk'fjzwf? rif;ESifhvkdufavsmpGm aygif;oif;jcif;aMumifh? trwf
ponfwkdY\&efnd§K;yGm;wkd;wufonfjzpfíY tqdyfrnf\h[kqdkonf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
96 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
tZdaPÖ -tpmraus&mü/
abmZeH -tpmpm;jcif;onf/
0doH -tqdyEf iS w
hf \
l /h
a*g|D -yGJ;vrf;obifonf/
'vd'´ó -qif;&J;aomol\h/
0doH -tqdyEf iS w
hf \
l /h
0k'¨ó -toufBuD;&ifhaomol\h/
w&kPD -ysKdEkaomr,m;onf/
0doH -tqdyEf iS w
hf \
l /h
aqmifyk'f/ /98
Ä useqk;H oyf? roiftyfonf?h twwf[o l nf? tqdyrf nf\?h "mwfonf
rcsuf? tpmysufvnf;? touf&efol? tqdyf[l\h? vlrSmirGJ;? vGefqif;
&J;vsuf? aysmfy;JG vdu
k vf Qif? tqdyyf ifwnf?h qHyifjzLqGw?f oGm;uRwfem;
xkdif;? rsufpdrIdif;íY? cg;udkfif;,Gif;,kd? tzkd;tkdtm;? tysKdEkopf? tqdyf
jzpfonf? rSwf&pfaemifvm aemufom;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 97
ya'go -nOfhü/
yaE¦m -c&D;oGm;jcif;onf/
ed[awm -ysufpD;\h/
ywdwm -raumif;rIü arGYavsmfusa&mufwwfukefaom/
aqmifyk'f/ /99
Ä arSmifBuD;usus? nOfhumvü? oGm;uc&D;? usKd;ysufpD;\h? xkdNyD;rdef;r?
vQyfay:uvnf;? rkcsrzG,?f usKd;r<u,fwnf?h enf;i,fpyg;? rsKd;BuJxm;
onfh? v,fum;wpd? usKd;r&Sdwnfh? rSwfbdnHhqkd;? aus;uRefrsKd;aMumifh?
tkyfpkd;t&Sif? ysufaMumif;jrifonf? aA'ifa[m\h vufiif;wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
98 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
taomwåd,H -aA'ifwwfykPÖm;r&dSaom/
o'¨H -ukwf[D;xrif;onf/ (0g) rdbudk &nfnTef;í? vSL
'gef;aomxrif;onf/
[wH -tusKd;r&S/d
wk -xkdrSwpfyg;/
t'u©daPm -tvSLa&puf r&Sd&mjzpfaom/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
,anm -,Zfonf/
[awm -tusKd;r&Sd/
&ly0wD -tqif;vSaomrdef;ronf/
0Oösm -jrHKonf/
ap -tu,fíY jzpfrl/
[wm -tusKd;r&Sd/
tem,uH -tBuD;trSL;ppfolBuD; r&Sdaom/
aoeH -ppfonfonf/
[wH -ysufpD;\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /100
Ä ykPÖm;0denf;? usifhxkH;enf;udk? wwfonf;q&m? uif;vGwfuGmíY? ESpf
jzmrdb? &nfxay;jcif;? vSLxrif;onf? vkd&if;aus;Zl;? rjzpfbl;onfh?
txl;rGejf rwf? rvSLwwfaom? ,Zfewfyal Zmf? usKd;ray:wnf?h &kyaf omf
vSy? &daS yuvnf;? om;rSuif;jim;? &Si;f rzGm;onf?h r,m;ZeD;? usKd;ysuf
pD;\h? OD;pD;AkdvfrS? uif;uppfonf? ysufNrJ;rnfonf? aemufvnfqkwfíY
ajy;awmhwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 99
aqmifyk'f/ /101
Ä &mZwefckd;? jynfhtusKd;udk? vufnd§K;nTefíY? oGefoifjywwf? ,if;t
rwfü? &St
d yft*Fg? *kPo
f ;Hk jzmum;? a0'gav;usrf;? wwfou d Rrf;aMumif;?
ajcmufusrf;aA'if? wwfojd rifí?Y uRrf;usifrEÅe?f qkyefyal Zmf? aysmfaysmf
avhvm? r*FvmrI? jyKwwfpum;? þok;H yg;onf? rSwo f m;yka&m[dwjf zpf
aMumif;wnf;/
102/ ukvoDv*kaPmyawm?
oAÁ"r®y&m,aem/
u0DaPm ayoem"sau©m?
"r®m"sau©m 0d"D,aw/ /
teEÅm"r®pmay
100 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
aqmifyk'f/ /102
Ä jrifhjrwftrsKd;? oDvNzdK;íY? armufrkd;ynm? avhvmqkH;jzwf? apwwf
vufyg;? xkdoltm;udk? w&m;olBuD;? vlYxdyfoD;[k? ajr§mufcsD;&mZl? jyKNrJ;
[lonf? ajzmifhjzL;qkH;jzwfoabmwnf;/
103/ t,kaAÁ'uwmbsmaom?
oaAÁoH yd,'óaem/
t&d,oDv*kaPmayawm?
{o 0aZÆm 0d"D,aw/ /
t,kaAÁ'uwmbsmaom-oufMunfhaA'if[kqdktyfaom aq;usrf;ü
jyKtyfaom oif,ljcif;&Sdxaom/
oaAÁoH -cyfodrf;aomolwkdY\h/
yd,'óaem -jrwfE;dk zG,u
f kd jywwfxaom/ (0g) jrwfE;dk cifrifz,
G f
aumif;aom&lyg&kH&Sdxaom/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 101
aqmifyk'f/ /103
Ä odoifhodtyf? aq;usrf;&yfudk? xyfxyfoifMum;? xkd;azmufoGm;íY?
ouð'kwå*[dwaw¬m-wpfBudrfajymqkdjcif;jzifh rSwf,ltyfaomteuf&Sd
xaom/
v[k[aw¬m -vsifjrefaomvuf&Sdxaom/
Zdwu©&m -avhvmatmifjriftyfaomtu©&m&Sdxaom/
oAÁow¬ormavmuD-cyfodrf;aom usrf;*efwkdYudk aumif;pGm Munfh&I
avh&Sdxaom/
Zaem -vlonf/
yua|m -jrwfaom/ (0g) tBuD;tcsKyfjzpfaom/
104/ 'kwå-ü Owåyk'fjzwf-' tm*krf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
102 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
avcaumemr -pma&;BuD;rnf\h/
aqmifyk'f/ /104
Ä wpfBudrfqkdvQif? teufjrifíY? vufvQifayghyg;? avhxm;tu©&m?
aumif;pGmavsmufywf? owfnTef;owfxkH;? a&;okH;ç a&;enf;? wwf
onf;vdrm® ? þolrmS um;? xl;pGmOD;pD;? pma&;BuD;[k? ajr§mufcsD;wifxu
dk f
olaywnf;/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
105/ orwåeDwdowåanm?
0g[ae ylZdwóarm/
ol&0D&*kaPmayawm?
aoem"sau©m 0d"D,aw/ /
aqmifyk'f/ /105
Ä enf;pkHjynfhvQrf;? eDwdusrf;ü? uRrf;usifcJhNyD;? qifpD;jrif;wuf? avh
usufxyfxyf? ylaZmftyfwnfh? wpf&yf pGrf;tif? &J;csifpGefYpm;? cGeftm;
105/ ylZdwóarm-yk'f\tzGifh#Dumtmabmfum; qifç jrif;? tpD;teif;ç tqif;twufü usif
vnfwwfajrmufí yifyef;cufcJjcif; r&Sdjcif;ukdyif qkdvkdonf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 103
aqmifyk'f/ /106
Ä xkd;xGif;wwfod? yuwdÓPf? tjrifoefíY? &nfrGefpum;? ajymwwf
jim;vsuf? cG;J jcm;od&m? ÓPfynmESi?hf okwmavmufv?Hk NyD;jynfph \ Hk ?h Akvd f
ykHtxJ;? olYpdwfuJ;udk? wwfpGJ;jrifod? "DwdMuHhckdif? vIyfr,kdifwnfh? ydkifydkif
xufoef? rSefrSefpum;? ajymwwfjim;u? ac:om;'lwH? oHwrefonf?
teEÅm"r®pmay
104 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
vlY|mefrif;wkdY udk,fpm;wnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /107
Ä om;ajr;jrpfvQif? aygrsm;xifíY? Muifempdwf0rf;? pm;awmfusrf;ü?
wwfuRrf;avhvm? Nrde&f omESi?hf jynfph mG csufjyKwf? rD;uifzw
k í
f ?Y pif;ckwf
aMumfavSm?f yG;J awmfxu
G jf rwf? pD&ifwwfvsuf? jynfv h wfAv? ckid cf phH w
G nh?f
um,pGrf;&nf? *kPfüwnfu? þolrvGJ;? pm;awmfuJ;onf? qkd;&J;tyf
vSonfwrk/YH
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 105
aqmifyk'f/ /108
Ä olwpfyg;\h? pdwfxm;qE´? tmum&udk? useuJ;od? pGrf;owådESifh? vuf
&SdjynfhpkH? &kyfqif;ykHvnf;? cifpkHrufzG,f? wifhwifhw,fwnfh? rys,fraygh?
rarhavsmhy;J ? aMumhaMumhvrd m® ? *kP&f nfomwnf?h vlrmS wHcg;rSL;? orkwf
zl;onf? a&S;OD;orwpOfvmwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
106 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
avmpae[d 0d[Deó?
'yÜaPm uð u&dówd/ /
,ó -tMuifo\ l /h
o,H -ud,k wf idk /f
ynm -ÓPfynmonf/
ew¬d -r&Sd/
wó -xkdol\h/
E-book is created by www.Shanyoma.org
ow¬H -usrf;onf/
uð -tb,fu/kd
ua&mwd -jyKtHeh nf;/
avmpae[d -rsufpdESpfzufwkdYrS/
0d[Deó -,kwfaomol\h/ (0g) uef;aomol\h/
'yÜaPm -rSefonf/
uð -tb,fu/kd
u&dówd -jyKvwåeYH nf;/
eu&dówd{0 -rjyKEkdifawmhonfomvQifwnf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /109
Ä a&S;ukovdk u
f ?H aMumif;pDro
H nf? ÓPfru S if;bd? xko
d \
l u
h m;? eDwpd um;?
usrf;*efrsm;onf? usKd;um;rxif? okH;r0ifbl;? tjrifrsufpd? qkwf,kwf
bdu? ol\ha&SUwnf? rSeftMunfonf? rnfonhftusKd;? &dSayEkd;tHh? pkd;
pOf;ray:? okH;ravsmfonf? uavmfypf&ef;? aumif;&kHwnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 107
&ZaPm uð u&dówd/ /
,w¬ -tMuift&yfü/
aomwH -em;onf/
e0dZÆaw -r&Sd/
ww¬ -xktd &yfü/
0wåma&m -ajymqkdwwfaom olwkdYonf/
uð -tb,fu/kd
u&dóEÅd -jyKukev
f wåeYH nf;/
aqmifyk'f/ /110
Ä t0wfrqD;? udk,fxD;xD;jzifh? pD;jzef;bm0em? vlYrdpämwkdY? ae&mNrdKUjy?
&yfa'oü? zGyMf u0wfxnf? u0gonfü? usKd;onfa&G;rQ? r&SMd uod?Yk aom
wtMunf? &kyrf wnfaom? þrnfot l m;? oGeo f ifMum;onf?h a[mMum;
qk;H r? Mo0g'vnf;? a&G;rQtusKd;? r&So
d ;dk onf? npfq;dk olu
Y rf taMumif;
wnf;/
teEÅm"r®pmay
108 t&Sify@dwax&f(a&T[oFm)
NyD;\h/
t&Sify@dw
a&T[oFmwkdufopf
ppfudkif;awmif&kd;
1295-ck? waygif;vqef; 7-&uf? wevFmaeY a&;om;NyD;onf/
teEÅm"r®pmay
pmPuseDwd ygVd-jrefrm 109
þ"r®vufaqmifpmtkyu f dk
"r®'ge jyKvkyfvkdygu
d teEÅm
Ph: 501950/706341
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odq
Yk ufo,
G Ef idk yf gonf/
"r®'geoufouftwGuo f m
pDpOfjcif;jzpfygonf/
teEÅm"r®pmay