At The End of The Lesson, The Learners Will Be Able To

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SLG No.

2: Core Principles in Business Operations


Subject Code/Number: ABM 06
Subject Description: This is an introductory course in accounting, business, and management data
analysis that will develop students’ appreciation of accounting as a language of business and an
understanding of basic accounting concepts and principles that will help them analyze business
transactions
Time Frame: 1 Week

I. Introduction
1. Introduce the learning objectives.
2. Review about the forms of business organizations and purposes of establishing business enterprises.

A. Learning Competency
1. Illustrate how fairness, accountability, transparency and stewardship is observed in business and
nonprofit organizations.

B. Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:
1. explain the core principles of fairness, accountability and transparency in the socioeconomic
development of a country

II. Learning Content

CORE PRINCIPLES IN BUSINESS OPERATIONS


1. FAIRNESS – refers to the level of even-handedness in dispensing justice whereby claims are
recognized in the order of their legal contractual priority. JUSTICE means giving each person what he or
she deserves or, in more traditional terms, giving each person his or her due. Justice and fairness are
closely related terms that are often today used interchangeably. Justice usually has been used regarding
a standard of rightness, fairness often has been used with regard to an ability to judge without reference
to one’s feelings or interests; fairness has also been used to refer to the ability to make judgments that
are not overly general but that are concrete and specific to a particular case.

a. Principles of Justice
“Individuals should be treated the same, unless they differ in ways that are relevant to the situation in
which they are involved.”
b. Different Kinds of Justice
 Distributive Justice – refers to the extent to which society’s institution ensure that benefits and
burdens are distributed among society’s members in ways that are fair and just.
 Retributive or Corrective Justice – refers to the extent to which punishments are fair and just.
 Compensatory Justice – refers to the extent to which people are fairly compensated for their
injuries by those who have injured them; just compensation is proportional to the loss inflicted
on a person.

2. ACCOUNTABILITY – is the obligation of an individual or organization to account for its activities,


accept responsibility for them, and to disclose the results in a transparent manner.
 Corporate Accountability – refers to the act of being accountable to the stakeholders of an
organization, which may include shareholders, employees, suppliers, customers, the local
community, and even the particular country that the firm operates in.
Accountability is often used synonymously with responsibility, blameworthiness, and liability, As an
aspect of governance, accountability has been central to discussions related to problems in the
public, non-profit, and corporate sectors.

3. TRANSPARENCY – refers to the lack of hidden agendas and conditions, accompanied by the
availability of full information required for collaboration, cooperation, collective decision making.
Transparency is the essential condition for a free and open exchange whereby the rules and reasons
behind regulatory measures are fair and clear to all participants.
 Corporate transparency – describes the extent to which a corporation’s actions are observable
by outsiders. This is consequence or regulation, local norms, and the set of information, privacy,
and business policies concerning corporate decision-making and operations openness to
employees, stakeholders, shareholders, and the general public.

Transparency, in a business or governance context, is honesty and openness. Transparency and


accountability are generally considered the two (2) main pillars of good corporate governance.

4. STEWARDSHIP – was originally made up of the tasks of a domestic steward, from stig (house,hall) and
weard, (ward, guard, ,guardian, keeper). Stewardship, in the beginning, referred to the household
servant’s duties for bringing food and drink to the castle’s dining hall. Steward is a person employed to
manage another’s property.
In business, it has been used by the CEOs to denote the concept that “as a steward, you try to
leave the company in better shape for your successor than it was handed over to you by your
predecessor.”

III. Self-Learning Activities


Cite real-life situations as a student where each core principles should be observed.
1. Fairness
2. Accountability
3. Transparency
4. Stewardship

IV. Assessment
Identify the core principles observed or lacked in the following situations:
_________1. One of Teacher A’s students, is a younger sibling of her college friend, despite the elder
sibling’s close relationship with Teacher A, she still gave the grade that the student deserves.
_________2. A student spread a wrong announcement to her classmates, even after knowing that she
was at fault, she didn’t say anything to correct her mistake.
_________3. A student’s mother wants to know the reason that his son’s classmate got a higher grade.
Teacher A showed the record to the mother.
_________4. Clyde Ann is a junior Architect in a firm and was given the task to check the construction
site and bring the personal materials of the head Architect.
_________5. The HR department was able to provide the documents the accountants need in validating
their records.

V. Extension of Learning
1. What is the most important core principle for you? Why? Cite a real-life example (5 sentences)
VI. REFERENCES
 https://www.academia.edu/36905139/The_Role_of_Business_in_Social_and_Economic_Develop
ment
 https://commons.deped.gov.ph/melc
 https://journals.aom.org/doi/abs/10.5465/amp.24.3.11#:~:text=Profits%20do%20matter%2C
%20but%20today,turn%2C%20greatly%20improves%20people's%20lives.
 https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publication%20Files/20120802%20-%20Michael%20E.%20Porter
%20-%20World%20Bank%20CSV%20Presentation%20-%20For%20Distribution_cc041191-301a-
4816-9166-3f885f36650a.pdf

Submitted by:

MS. CRISLY MAE L. VILLARIN, LPT MRS. MARIA ROSANNIE V. MIMAY

Senior High School Teacher Senior High School Teacher

Reviewed by:

MS. APPLE JOY L. RUPEREZ, LPT


Academic Program Coordinator

Noted by:

MRS. ANDRESA S. BULAWAN, LPT


Assistant Principal

Approved by:

BERHN VINCENT DOSDOS


Senior High School Principal

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