Pedia Post Test 2

1. A nursing instructor asks a student to describe the formal operation stage of piaget’s cognitive
development. The student’s appropriate respond would be?
a. the child has the ability to think abstractly
b. the child develops logical thought patterns
c. the child begins to understand the environment
d. the child has difficulty separating fantasy from reality

2. A nursing instructor asks a student to describe sensorimotor of piaget’s cognitive development.

The student’s appropriate respond would be?
a. the child has the ability to think abstractly
b. the child develops logical thought patterns
c. the child begins to understand the environment
d. the child has difficulty separating fantasy from reality

3. Egocentricity is when a child is unable to view another’s viewpoint; it is greatly manifested in

what of Piaget’s cognitive development?
a. Sensorimotor
b. Preoperational stage
c. Concrete Operation
d. Formal Operation

4. The relationship that is of extreme importance in the formation of the personality is the

A. Peer
B. Sibling
C. Parent-child
D. Heterosexual

5. Problems with dependence versus independence develop during the stage of growth and development

A. Infancy
B. Toddler
C. Preschool
D. School age

6. The basic emotional task for the toddler is

 A. Trust
B. Industry
C. Identification
D. Independence

7. During the oedipal stage of growth and development, the child

A. Loves and hates (ambivalence) both parents.

B. Loves the parent of the opposite sex and the parent of the same sex.
C. Loves the parent of the opposite sex and hates the parent of the same sex.
D. Loves the parent of the same sex and hates the parent of the opposite sex.

8. A infant child would learn to explore the environment through the infant’s

A. mouth
B. hands
C. feet
D. eyes

9. A person who is a chronic smoker may have problems that have developed during this stage of
childhood

A. Infancy
B. Toddler
C. Preschooler
D. Schooler

10. Which of the following statements by the mother will confirm that her son with obsessive-
compulsive disorder is having an anal retentive type of fixation?

A. “I have been patient with my son’s toilet training.”

B. “My son is always playing with his fecal matter when he was still a toddler.”
C. “I was harsh and strict when I was enforcing toilet training on my son when he was still 2
years old.”
D. “I think I was neglecting my son when he was still a toddler.”

11. A nurse has observed a 33 year old female named Bianca tells you that she keeps on counting things
in the store, the steps of the staircase and the books in the library. “I can’t help myself from avoiding
doing these things.” This kind of behavior may arise from which of the following phases?

A. Oral phase
B. Anal phase
C. Phallic phase
D. Latent phase
12. A mother of a child tells the nurse, “I constantly see my five year old son fondling with his genitals.”
She appears tensed because according to him this may seem deviant for a preschooler. The nurse
should tell the father that

A. “This behavior is abnormal. You should scold your child when you see him next time.”
B. “Just ignore the behavior of the child.”
C. “This act is to deviant. He probably will develop sexual disorders later on.”
D. “Tell the child to do it privately in his room. And make no issue out of it.”

13. A mother tells the nurse, “My 4 year old daughter tells me that she hates me. What should I do?” As
a nurse you are going to tell her

A. “You may be mistreating your daughter. That’s why she hates you.”
B. “You should take your daughter out for a play sometimes for her to like you.”
C. “You should tell your daughter that you love her very much.”
D. “You should be patient about your daughter. She is undergoing a stage which is normal for
her. Just be supportive.”

14. The area of gratification for a preschooler is found where?

A. Mouth
B. Anus
C. Genitals
D. School work

15. A grown up female is highly disorganized with her job. Her room is a total mess. Her personality
may have resulted during what stage of her life?

A. Infancy
B. Toddler
C. Preschooler
D. School age

16. A 2 year old child is very curious about his environment. Which of the following statements would be
true about a toddler?

A. Allowing the toddler to explore his environment for him to learn while providing him with
safety.
B. Inhibit all of the child’s desires.
C. Give in always to the child’s temper tantrums to stop the child from crying.
D. Be strict in the child’s toilet training.

17. The major psychosocial conflict of a 10 year old will be which of the following?

A. Intimacy vs. isolation

B. Identity vs. role confusion
C. Initiative vs. guilt
D. Industry vs. inferiority
18. Which of the following would indicate that the adolescent has already developed a sense of identity?

A. A teenager is performing poorly in his course because his parents chose the course for him.
B. A teenager who is not satisfied with his course because her friends goaded her to join them.
C. A teenager who secretly hides his sexuality to every one, but in his thoughts he is a homosexual.
D. A teenager who excels very well in a course, and loves what he is studying.

19. The major task of a person in the adolescent period is

A. Develop a sense of intimacy

B. Develop a sense of identity
C. Guide the next generation
D. Gain independence

21. What month will the infant double his or her birth weight?

A. 8 months
B. 10 months
C. 6 months
D. 12 months

22. The infant at this stage can say mam-ma and dad-da, plus 2 words such as milk and water. She
can also take her first few steps at this stage. Her birth weight has already tripled. What month is
she in?

A. 12 months
B. 11 months
C. 9 months
D. 10 months

23. What is the characteristic of the hands of a one-month old infant?

A. Pinkish
B. Closely Fisted
C. Fanning Out
D. Waving

24. What is the kind of play of an infant within the age range of 0-1 month?

A. Playing with mobile toys

B. Patty Cake
C. Peek-a-Boo
D. Enjoys face of caregiver

25. Peeta Mellark a young infant smiles at his father while the father was playing with him. He can
also lift his head when in prone position. What month do these things begin?
 A. 3 months
B. 5 months
C. 1 month
D. 2 months

26. Peeta then learns that he can utilize his hands. First he constantly stares at it while moving them.
This is called Hand Regard. When does this start?

A. 3 months
B. 4 months
C. 6 months
D. 2 months

27. A baby girl named Katniss now giggles as she was cuddled by his mother especially when the
mother tickles her. Laughing out loud or giggling starts at what month?

A. 7 months
B. 5 months
C. 3 months
D. 4 months

28. Katniss now can turn to prone position in both sides. She also can say some vowel sounds like
“oh-oh”. What month can she be in now?

A. 8 months
B. 10 months
C. 6 months
D. 4 months

29. Gus reaches out his arms to his father when his father approaches him. He also can transfer a toy
from one hand to another. He is already in what month?

A. 10 months
B. 7 months
C. 12 months
D. 3 months

30. Hazel Grace is crawling or creeping on the floor with her abdomen of it. What month can she be
in?

A. 6 months
 B. 10 months
C. 11 months
D. 9 months

31. What would be the appropriate toy for the infant who is 10 months old?
a. Mobile toys
b. Push or pull toys
c. Jack-in-the-box
d. Walker

32. This is the age of the infant where the infant can sit without support, has peaked fear of strangers
and has good hand to mouth coordination. What month is the infant in?
a. 6 months
b. 7 months
c. 9 months
d. 8 months

33. What would be the appropriate toy for the 6 month old infant?
a. Bath tub toys and rubber teether
b. Pots and pans
c. Bright colored mobile toys
d. Walker

34. This is when a newborn’s cheek is touched, the newborn will turn to the direction of the touched
cheek

a. Rooting reflex
b. Palmar-grasp reflex
c. Tonic-neck reflex
d. Sucking reflex

35. This reflex is similar to the step-in-place reflex, except it is elicited by touching the anterior
surface of a newborn’s leg against the edge of a bassinet or table.

a. Tonic-neck reflex
b. Swallowing reflex
c. Babinski reflex
d. Placing reflex

36. This is when the side of the sole of the foot is stroked in an inverted “J” curve from the heel
upward, the newborn fans the toes. This disappears before 9 months of life.

a. Moro reflex
b. Plantar-grasp reflex
 c. Babinski reflex
d. Placing reflex

37. When a newborn who is held in a prone position with a hand underneath supporting the trunk
should demonstrate some muscle tone. What type of reflex is this?

a. Babinski reflex
b. Parachute reflex
c. Landau reflex
d. Deep tendon reflex

38. If pressure is applied to the soles of the feet of a newborn lying in a supine position, he or she
pushes back against the pressure. What type of reflex is exhibited here?

a. Parachute reflex
b. Tonic-neck reflex
c. Magnet reflex
d. Landau reflex

39. What is the type of reflex where the newborn, when turned to the left side, the left arm and leg
will extend, while the right arm and leg will flex?

a. Tonic-neck reflex
b. Extrusion reflex
c. Sucking reflex
d. Rooting reflex

40. This is when a newborn will extrude any substance that is placed on the anterior portion of the
tongue. This protective reflex prevents the swallowing of inedible substances. It disappears at
about 4 months of age.

a. Extrusion reflex
b. Rooting reflex
c. Babinski reflex
d. Sucking reflex

41. Signs of readiness for toilet training are the following:

a. Constant pulling or tugging on their diapers

b. Facial expression or words suggesting that the child knows when he’s about to defecate.
c. Periods of dryness for 2 hours or more, indicating bladder control.
d. All of the above
42. A mother of a toddler asks her friend who is a nurse why her toddler seems to say the word “No”
all the time. The nurse should say,

a. “Your son seems to be negativistic, just scold him right away. He’ll turn out fine in the
end.”
b. “I think your son is becoming egocentric. Just don’t let him play with other children.”
c. “That’s alright. It’s a normal phase all toddlers pass through. Just be supportive at
this stage.”
d. “Perhaps you should consult a developmental pediatrician at this time.”

43. The appropriate toy for a 3 year old toddler is which of the following?

a. Pedal-propelled toys such as the tricycle

b. Push and pull toys
c. Crayons and painting materials
d. Action figures

44. When dealing with temper tantrums the parents must take into consideration the following
interventions EXCEPT

a. Give the toddler frequent opportunities to make developmentally appropriate choices.

b. Give in always to the child’s wants in order to prevent the child from having temper
tantrums.
c. Give the child advance warning of a request to help prevent temper tantrums.
d. Ignore tantrums when the toddler is seeking attention or trying to get what he wants.

45. Toddlers are cognitively prepared to do toilet training at around which age range?

a. 18 – 24 months
b. 24 – 30 months
c. 30 – 36 months
d. 36 – 42 months

46. This is the type of toy a toddler plays in order to channel out their anger and frustrations.

a. Sandbox toys
b. Pounding toys
c. Push and pull toys
d. Pedal propelled toys

47. When does the child achieve nighttime control of bowel and bladder movement?

a. 2 – 3 years
b. 3 – 4 years
c. 4 – 5 years
d. 5 – 6 years

48. Daytime bowel and bladder control is achieved normally by the child at around what age?
 a. End of 2nd year
b. End of 3rd year
c. End of 4th year
d. End of 5th year

49. At what stage of childhood would toys become gender specific?

a. Infancy
b. Toddler
c. Neonate
d. Pre-school

50. What would be is NOT a characteristic of the motor development of a child who is 3 years old?

a. Constructs 3 block bridges

b. Jumps of bottom steps
c. Climbs stairs with alternating feet
d. Throws ball overhand

51. When does the child begin the understanding of past, present and future or any aspect of time?

a. 3 years old
b. 4 years old
c. 8 years old
d. 6 years old

52. How much is the average vocabulary of a 3 year-old child?

a. 900 words
b. 1,500 words
c. 1,800 words
d. 2,100 words

53. Which of the following is true regarding a 4 year-old child’s mental capabilities?

a. Can repeat four numbers and is learning number concept

b. Has not mastered the concept that parts equal a whole regardless of their appearance
c. Beginning understanding of conversation of numbers
d. Loosely organized group play where membership changes readily, as do rules.

54. What would be the typical play of a preschooler?

a. Parallel play
b. Solitary play
c. Cooperative play
d. Competitive play

55. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the 5-year-old’s vocalization and socialization?

a. Vocabulary of 2,100 words

 b. Asks meaning of new words
c. Increasingly talkative
d. Uses 2-word sentences

56. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the 5-year-old’s motor capacities?

a. Climbs the stairs with two feet at a time.

b. Skips and hops on one foot.
c. Uses scissors to cut an outline in the paper
d. Throws a ball overhand

57. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the 5-year-old’s motor skills?

a. Can balance on one foot for 10 seconds

b. Can draw a stick figure of a person
c. May be able to tie shoelaces
d. Can unbutton front and side buttons

58. Onset of puberty in boys begin usually at the age of

a. 12
b. 14
c. 15
d. 16

59. If children are prevented from achieving a sense of industry or do not receive rewards for
accomplishment, they can develop a feeling of

a. Inferiority
b. Shame
c. Doubt
d. Guilt

60. In Freud’s psychosexual theory, the school-age child belongs to what phase?

a. Anal
b. Oral
c. Phallic
d. Latent

61. How do we prevent injuries in the preschool child?

a. Provide protective gear like helmet and elbow and knee pads when riding a bicycle or
rollerblades.
b. Provide a safe environment for the child.
c. Monitor the child’s play especially play done in the outdoors.
d. All of the above

62. When is the second period of rapid growth in the life of a person?
 a. Preschool
b. School-age
c. Puberty
d. Adolescent

63. What would be the type of play of an adolescent child?

a. Solitary play
b. Parallel play
c. Cooperative play
d. Competitive play

64. Shelly has belonged to a series of clubs for 9-year-olds. A usual characteristic of clubs for this
age is

a. The club has formal rules and regulations

b. It is designed to help shy children socialize
c. It is designed for same-sex to spite or exclude another child
d. Clubs include both boys and girls

65. Suggested play for the 9-12 years old include the following EXCEPT

a. Sculpturing materials such as pottery clay

b. Model kits, collections and hobbies
c. Video game of a more mature content
d. Handicrafts of all kind

66. Which of the following is an example of a competitive type of play?

a. Ping pong
b. Jump rope
c. Hide-and-seek
d. Peek-a-boo

67. When do the permanent central incisors erupt in a school-aged child?

a. 7 years
b. 9 years
c. 6 years
d. 10 years

68. This is one of the strongest motivating forces of behavior of the adolescents

a. Peers
b. Celebrities
c. Parents
d. Siblings
69. Puberty starts in the female at around age

a. 8
b. 9
c. 10
d. 12

70. At what age do the adolescent feel they should be treated as adults?

a. 15 to 16 years
b. 12 to 13 years
c. 13 to 14 years
d. 17 to 18 years

71. If a female is having anemia because of menstruation the female should take foods that are high
in which of the following minerals?

a. Calcium
b. Phosphorous
c. Zinc
d. Iron

72. The leading cause of death in the adolescent period would be

a. Drug abuse
b. Alcoholism
c. Accidents
d. Cancer

73. The second most common cause of death in the adolescent period would be which of the
following?

a. Accidents
b. Homicide and suicide
c. Cancer
d. Alcoholism

74. The following are characteristics of the learning capabilities of an adolescent are the following

a. Much longer attention span

b. Learns through inference, intuition, and surmise, rather than repetition and imitation.
c. Enjoys regressing in terms of language development by using jargon to suit changing
moods.
d. All of the above

75. Which of the following is true regarding the adolescents’ interpersonal relationships?

a. Major goal is learning to form a close intimate relationship with the opposite sex
b. Adolescents may develop crushes and worship many idols
 c. Time of sexual exploration and questioning of one’s sexual role.
d. All of the above

76. What would be the major fear of the adolescent?

a. Fear of the dark

b. Fear of separation
c. Fear of body image disturbance
d. Fear of intrusive procedures

77. Approximately 95% of mature height is achieved by skeletal age of how many years in females?

a. 12 years
b. 15 years
c. 18 years
d. 15 years

78. A 4-yeard old child is talking to his toy cars and action figures. The mother of this child
seems bothered because she thinks that her child may be developing developmental
disorders. What would be the best response by the nurse?
a. “Your son may really have a developmental disorder like autism. You need to see
a psychiatrist at once.”
b. “Your son’s behavior is normal for a preschooler. Just don’t make any issue
out of it.”
c. “Your son’s behavior is deviant. You should further observe your son for other
signs.”
d. “You should apprehend your child immediately if you see this type of behavior
again.”

79. Upon the birth of the newborn the nurse is tasked to do the cord dressing as part of the
newborn care. After cutting the cord it is important for the nurse to count the number of
blood vessels in the cord. How many blood vessels are there?
a. One vein and three arteries
b. One artery and two veins
c. One vein and two arteries
d. Two veins and two arteries

80. What would be the vitamin that would be injected to neonates because they still cannot
manufacture this vitamin due to the fact that their gastrointestinal tract is still sterile from
Escherichia coli?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin E
81. An indirect bilirubin level at birth is 1 to 4 mg/100 ml. any increase over this amount
reflects the release of bilirubin as excessive red blood cells begin their breakdown. To
prevent the occurrence of jaundice brought by these events it is important for the
newborn to undergo
a. Vaccination
b. Phototherapy
c. Cord dressing
d. IV therapy

82. This is a sticky, tarlike, blackish-green, odorless material formed from mucus, vernix,
lanugo, hormones, and carbohydrates that accumulated during intrauterine life?
a. Transitional stools
b. Black-tarry stools
c. Meconium
d. Melena

83. About the second or third day of life, newborn stool changes in color and consistency,
becoming green and loose. It may resemble diarrhea to the untrained eye. This type of
newborn stool is known as
a. Black-tarry stool
b. Transitional stools
c. Meconium
d. Melena

84. What would be the characteristics of the stools of an infant who is breastfeeding?
a. Stick, tarlike, blackish-green, odorless material formed from mucus, vernix,
lanugo, hormones, and carbohydrates.
b. Green and loose that may resemble diarrhea to the untrained eye.
c. Light yellow stools that are sweet smelling and also sour smelling due to the
presence of lactic acid.
d. Bright yellow stools that have a slightly more noticeable odor.

85. Upon assessment of a newborn child the nurse saw a cheesy-like substance on the
armpits, the neck, and the groin area. The nurse must know that this is

a. Lanugo
b. Vernix caseosa
c. Meconium
d. Fontanel
86. Assess the Apgar score of the female infant with the following assessments: the infant
appears blue overall, she grimaces when slapped on the foot and when a catheter is
placed in her nostril, the heart has 72 beats per minute, and there is a slow weak cry.
What is the score?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

87. You assessed for the newborn during the first minute of life and you saw the following:
acrocyanosis, the infant cries and withdraws his foot when the sole is slapped, the infant
coughed when a catheter is placed in his nostril, there is a good and strong cry and the
heart rate is 133 beats per minute. What is the Apgar score?

a. 8
b. 9
c. 10
d. 7

88. Upon assessing the newborn child on his fifth minute you have observed for the
following: the child’s heart rate is 123 beats per minute, there is a slow, irregular weak
cry, he sneezes when a catheter is placed in his nostril, he grimaces when the foot is
slapped and there is acrocyanosis. What is the score?

a. 6
b. 7
c. 8
d. 9

89. When assessing for the newborn’s apgar score of a female newborn you have assessed
that the infant does not respond to the slap on the foot or placing a catheter in her nostril,
the child does not breathe, there is absent heart beat, and the patient is blue all over her
body. What is the apgar score?

a. 3
b. 2
c. 1
 d. 0

90. What would you do for the patient in number 89?

a. Resuscitate the patient

b. Place the patient in close monitoring
c. The patient is a well baby
d. Inject epinephrine IV

91. Which is NOT true regarding the toddler’s toilet training?

a. Physical maturation must be reached before training is possible.

b. Helping the toddler understand the physiologic signals by pointing out behaviors they
display when they need to void or defecate.
c. Helping the toddler make the connection between dry pants and the toilet or potty chair.
d. Bladder training comes first before bowel training.

92. For toilet training to be successful, the child must display these signs of toilet training
readiness EXCEPT:

a. The child must have a desire to delay his immediate reward for a more socially accepted
action.
b. The child must have a cognitive understanding of what it means to hold his stool and
urine until he can go to a certain place at a certain time.
c. It’s okay to punish or get angry to the toddler once in a while in order for
him to perfect his toilet training.
d. The child must have control of the rectal and urethral sphincters.

93. Signs of readiness for toilet training are the following:

a. Physical readiness for toilet training occurs at ages 18 to 24 months. Despite physical
readiness, however, many children aren’t cognitively ready to begin toilet training until
they’re in between ages 36 to 42 months.
b. Facial expression or words suggesting that the child knows when he’s about to defecate.
c. Periods of dryness for 2 hours or more, indicating bladder control.
d. All of the above
94. Which of the following is true regarding group identity during the adolescent period?

a. Teenagers find it essential to have a group to which they feel they can belong and
that provides them status
b. They dress as a group, wear make-up and hairstyles according to group criteria
c. Conformity with peers, nonconformity to adults-generation gap-display own
assertion
d. All of the above

95. What would be developed in an adolescent if one did not conform to the standards of a
certain group or clique during this period?

a. Alienation
b. Inferiority
c. Guilt
d. Shame

96. An adolescent finds himself failing in a course after his mother coerced him to take that
certain career path. That adolescent feels that he doesn’t belong to that certain course.
What would his inner conflict be?

a. Isolation
b. Intimacy
c. Stagnation
d. Role confusion

97. Which is not true regarding family relationships with an adolescent?

a. Stronger relationship is contrasted with adolescent movements away from parents

b. Adolescents need to make choices, act independently, and experience the
consequences of action
c. Adolescents should be leniently allowed to go out with peers and allow them
to enjoy their newfound independence without monitoring them
d. The family needs to allow independence while providing a haven in which
adolescence can contemplate actions.

98. According to Erik Erikson the psychosocial task of an adolescent is the establishment of

a. Trust
b. Identity
c. Autonomy
 d. Intimacy

99. Which of the following is NOT a hint for communicating with adolescents when talking
to them?

a. Ask open-ended questions like “What are the things you’ve done in school
today?”
b. Look for the meaning behind their words or actions
c. Be alert to clues to their emotional state
d. Avoid discussing sensitive topics such as sexually transmitted diseases,
sexuality and safe sex.
100. Which of the following stages of Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development theory
will the adolescent be into?

a. Sensorimotor
b. Pre-operational
c. Concrete operational
d. Formal operational

Prepared by: Mr. Jayvee V. De Guzman RN