Custom: Lupang Hinirang

The
Patriotic Oath (Filipino: Panatang Makabayan) is one of two national pledges of

the Philippines, the other being the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag (Filipino: Panunumpa ng
Katapatan sa Watawat). It is commonly recited in schools during morning flag ceremony after
the Lupang Hinirang is sung but before recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag.
Contents
 1Custom
 2Text
o 2.1Panatang Makabayan
o 2.2Patriotic Oath
 31993 JW students controversy
 4See also
 5References
Custom[edit]
Recitation of the Panatà is required by law at all public and private educational institutions meant for
Filipinos or containing a majority of Filipino nationals. This guideline was set in Republic Act No.
1265, one of many national symbols laws, which was approved on 11 July 1955.[1] The act was
implemented in schools through Department Order No. 8 of what is now the Department of
Education, which was approved on 21 July 1955. The Panatà was revised in November 2001 by
then Secretary of Education Raul Roco, using shorter lines in less formal Tagalog.
Although Department Order No. 8 states that the Panatà may be recited in English or any Philippine
language, the Panatà is usually recited today in Filipino, of which two versions exist: the current text
is a shorter rendering of the English original, while the older version is a more direct translation.
Text[edit]
Official Filipino version (DepEd Order 54-2001) Unofficial English translation (Raul Roco)
Panatang Makabayan[edit] Patriotic Oath[edit]

Iniibig ko ang Pilipinas, I love the Philippines,
aking lupang sinilangan, my land of birth,
tahanan ng aking lahi; home of my race.
kinukupkop ako at tinutulungang I am protected by it and aided
maging malakas, masipag at marangal. to become strong, industrious and honorable.
Dahil mahal ko ang Pilipinas, Since I love the Philippines,
diringgin ko ang payo I shall heed the counsel of my parents,
ng aking magulang, I shall obey the rules of my school,
susundin ko ang tuntunin ng paaralan, I shall fulfill the duties of a patriotic citizen,
tutuparin ko ang tungkulin serving, studying, and praying with utter fidelity.
ng mamamayang makabayan: I offer my life, dreams, and striving
naglilingkod, nag-aaral at nagdarasal to the Philippine nation[3]
nang buong katapatan.
Iaalay ko ang aking buhay,
pangarap, pagsisikap
sa bansang Pilipinas.[2]
1993 JW students controversy[edit]

In 1993, sixty-eight students from the organization Jehovah's Witnesses (JW) were expelled from a
school in Cebu for their failure to salute the flag, sing the Philippine National Anthem, and recite the
patriotic oath. A teacher in the same school, also a JW adherent was fired from her job for the same
offense. According to JW teachings, flag ceremonies, flag salutes, and patriotic oaths are viewed as
acts of worship or religious devotion, the latter two of which they believe can only be rendered to
God alone and not anyone nor anything. The JW's consider the flag an image and honoring the flag
idolatry.
The case was brought to court wherein the Cebu Division Superintendent argued that the students
and the teacher violated Republic Act No. 1265, the law that makes flag ceremony compulsory for all
schools, citing the case of Gerona et al v. Secretary of Education.[4] Superintendent also argued of
separation of church and state, stating the flag is devoid of religious significance and does not
involve any religious ceremony, and that giving JW's right to exemption disrupt school discipline and
demoralize the rest of the school population which by far constitutes the great majority.
The Court ruled in favor of the expelled JW students and the fired JW teacher, on the grounds that
expulsion due to religious beliefs is invalid.[5] They also stated of freedom of religion in the 1987
Constitution of the Philippines:
Religious freedom is a fundamental right which is entitled to the highest priority and the amplest
protection among human rights, for it involves the relationship of man to his Creator. [...] The right to
religious profession and worship has a two-fold aspect, vis., freedom to believe and freedom to act
on one’s belief. The first is absolute as long as the belief is confined within the realm of thought. The
second is subject to regulation where the belief is translated into external acts that affect the public
welfare. [...] The sole justification for a prior restraint or limitation on the exercise of religious freedom
[...] is the existence of a grave and present danger of a character both grave and imminent, of a
serious evil to public safety, public morals, public health or any other legitimate public interest, that
the State has a right (and duty) to prevent.
Evidence also showed that even if they do not take part in the compulsory flag ceremony, they never
engaged in “external acts” or behavior that would offend the people who believe in expressing their
love of country through the observance of the flag ceremony. The expelled only quietly stood at
attention during the flag ceremony to show their respect for the right of those who choose to
participate in the solemn proceedings.
The students were later allowed to re-enroll in the school they were expelled from and the teacher
was allowed to resume her duties.
See also[edit]
 Flag of the Philippines
References[edit]
1. ^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1265 - AN ACT MAKING FLAG CEREMONY COMPULSORY IN ALL
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS". RP Government. 11 June 1955. Retrieved 2007-09-26.
2. ^ "DO 54, S. 2001 – THE REVISED PANATANG MAKABAYAN" (PDF). Department of
Education, Republic of the Philippines. 2001-11-12. Retrieved 2019-02-19.
3. ^ "Learning to be hypocrites from the Patriotic Oath". The Manila Times. June 11, 2014.
4. ^ "Philippine High Court ruling in Genaro Gerona, et al. vs The Honorable Secretary of
Education, et al". August 12, 1959.
5. ^ "RP Supreme Court ruling in Roel Ebralinag, et al. vs Superintendent of Schools of Cebu".
March 1, 1993.
Categories:
 Philippine culture
 Oaths of allegiance

Custom: Lupang Hinirang

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The

Patriotic Oath (Filipino: Panatang Makabayan) is one of two national pledges of

Official Filipino version (DepEd Order 54-2001) Unofficial English translation (Raul Roco)

Panatang Makabayan[edit] Patriotic Oath[edit]

1993 JW students controversy[edit]

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