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    Nutritional Deficiency Anemia

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    Shaimaa Emad
    Nutritional deficiency anemia can result from not getting enough iron, folate, or vitamin B12. This causes fewer or abnormal red blood cells, leading to fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms. Iron deficiency is common in those with poor iron diets or bleeding disorders, while folate deficiency often affects women of childbearing age. Treatment focuses on improving nutrient intake through diet or supplements.

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    Nutritional Deficiency Anemia

    Uploaded by

    Shaimaa Emad
    650 views6 pages
    Nutritional deficiency anemia can result from not getting enough iron, folate, or vitamin B12. This causes fewer or abnormal red blood cells, leading to fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms. Iron deficiency is common in those with poor iron diets or bleeding disorders, while folate deficiency often affects women of childbearing age. Treatment focuses on improving nutrient intake through diet or supplements.

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    Nutritional deficiency anemia can result from not getting enough iron, folate, or vitamin B12. This causes fewer or abnormal red blood cells, leading to fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms. Iron deficiency is common in those with poor iron diets or bleeding disorders, while folate deficiency often affects women of childbearing age. Treatment focuses on improving nutrient intake through diet or supplements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    650 views6 pages

    Nutritional Deficiency Anemia

    Uploaded by

    Shaimaa Emad
    Nutritional deficiency anemia can result from not getting enough iron, folate, or vitamin B12. This causes fewer or abnormal red blood cells, leading to fatigue, weakness, and other symptoms. Iron deficiency is common in those with poor iron diets or bleeding disorders, while folate deficiency often affects women of childbearing age. Treatment focuses on improving nutrient intake through diet or supplements.

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    Nutritional Deficiency Anemia

    A healthy and balanced diet, enriched with the essential


    nutrients, is a must for overall well-being Children and
    adults require proper nutrition for ensuring a healthy
    and long life. deficiency of these vital elements can lead
    to serious diseases and conditions.
    Anemia Caused by Nutritional Deficiencies:
    Objectives;
    1-causes of deficiency anemia
    2-some clinical features &management
    3-prevention through nutrition
    can result from deficiencies in iron, folate (vitamin B9) or
    vitamin B12.
    - Iron Deficiency Anemia: is a disease caused by the
    deficiency of iron in the body. It is characterized by a
    decrease in the red blood cell count or hemoglobin in
    the body, resulting in fatigue, weakness, dyspnea and
    pallor. It can be easily treated by changing to a healthy
    diet and consuming iron supplements on a regular
    basis.
    In iron-deficiency anemia, the red cells appear
    abnormal and are unusually small (microcytic) and
    pale (hypochromic). The pallor of the red cells
    reflects their low hemoglobin content.
    A person with iron-deficiency anemia often has:
    • pale skin
    • fatigue and lack of energy
    • shortness of breath
    • heart palpitations, or irregular heart beat
    Other symptoms include:
    • headache
    • tinnitus
    • changes in the sense of taste (a desire to eat ice,
    known as pica)
    • sores or ulcers at the corner of the mouth
    • sore tongue
    • hair loss
    • spoon-shaped fingernails and toenails
    • depression (missed menstruation in women during
    their reproductive years)
    Iron-deficiency anemia is common in people who:
    • consume little iron in their diet
    • have a condition that prevents the body from
    absorbing nutrients
    • have a stomach ulcer, heavy menstruation, or
    another cause of bleeding
    • have a genetic disorder, such as sickle cell anemia
    or another health condition, such as malaria.
    Iron deficiency and diet
    • Iron-deficiency anemia can result from a lack of iron
    in the diet. During pregnancy, for example, women
    need more iron to supply the fetus. If they do not
    take in enough, this may lead to a dietary deficiency
    anemia.
    • Heme iron is the most bioavailable form of iron and
    is found only in meat.
    • Non-heme iron is found in plant-based foods and is
    not as easily absorbed. Vegetarians and vegans
    need to be mindful of their iron intake to ensure
    they are meeting their needs.
    • A lack of vitamin C in the diet can reduce the body's
    ability to absorb iron, leading to anemia.
    • Iron-deficiency anemia can affect a person's overall
    health and their ability to function at work and in
    their daily routine.
    - Folate deficiency anemia (Women of Childbearing
    Age)
    • Folate, or folic acid, is a particularly important
    vitamin for women of childbearing age . A folate
    deficiency can decrease the total number of cells
    and large red blood cells and cause neural tube
    defects in an unborn child, Symptoms of a folate
    deficiency include fatigue, mouth sores, poor
    growth, and changes in the color of hair, skin, and
    nails.
    • The Institute of Medicine’s Food and Nutrition Board
    recommends that women who could become
    pregnant should make sure they get 400 mcg of
    folic acid daily, whether through food or
    a supplement. To get folate from food, go for
    fortified cereals, beans, lentils, and leafy greens.
    • When the intake of these nutrients is low, or if the
    body is not absorbing them properly, red blood cells
    may become too large or adequate amounts of red
    blood cells are not produced. This is called
    megaloblastic anemia.
    • A person with vitamin-deficiency anemia may
    experience:
    Symptoms of anemia include:
    • fatigue and lack of energy
    • tingling, or pins and needles
    • muscle weakness
    • a sore, red tongue
    • mouth ulcers
    • visual disturbance
    • depression and confusion
    • problems with concentration, thinking, and memory
    Long-term complications include:
    • nervous system disorders, which may be
    permanent
    • infertility, which is usually reversible
    • heart problems, and possible heart failure
    • complications during pregnancy
    • congenital disorders in newborns
    Causes of deficiency anemia
    Some people have low levels of the necessary nutrients
    because of:
    • a low dietary intake of iron, vitamin B12, or folate,
    • a low dietary intake of Vitamin C
    • a lack of intrinsic factor, a protein secreted by the
    stomach that aids in the absorption of vitamin B12
    • a health condition that makes it hard to absorb
    nutrients, such as celiac disease.
    Other risk factors for anemia
    -HIV or AIDS: Infections or medicines used to treat
    these diseases can lead to anemia.
    -Pregnancy: During the first 6 months of pregnancy, the
    fluid portion of a woman's blood, or plasma, increases
    faster than the number of red blood cells. This dilutes
    the blood and can lead to anemia.
    -Alcohol consumption: This can affect the absorption
    of folate and vitamin B12, potentially leading to anemia.
    -Aplastic anemia: Some people are unable to make
    enough red blood cells from birth. Infants and children
    with aplastic anemia often need blood transfusions to
    increase the number of red blood cells in their blood.
    Certain medicines, toxins, and infectious diseases, also
    can cause aplastic anemia.

    Treatment
    Treatment for nutritional deficiency anemia is through a
    varied diet, including mineral-rich and fortified foods,
    and vitamin and mineral supplements, if appropriate.
    Food sources of iron, B12, and folate
    Fortified cereals are a good source of nutrients. The
    amount depends on the product and the manufacturer.
    Vitamin C enhances iron absorption, while tannin, found
    in tea, reduces it. Consuming more vitamin C and
    reducing intake of tannin, therefore, can also help
    prevent anemia. Good sources of vitamin C include red
    peppers, oranges, strawberries, and broccoli.

    Medical treatment
    some causes of anemia require medical treatment, the
    WHO estimated that in 2011, half of all cases of anemia
    in women could be solved through supplementation
    People who are at risk can take supplements orally or
    by injection. Those with severe deficiencies may need
    hospitalization, where they may receive the nutrients
    intravenously.
    A person with B12 anemia may need injections of the
    vitamin once a month, or they may use a tablet that is
    swallowed.
    People with folate deficiency may need to take folate
    tablets.
    If deficiencies result from an inability to absorb nutrients,
    supplements may be a life-long treatment.
    During pregnancy, women may need to take
    supplemental iron and folic acid. A health care
    professional can advise about use of these
    supplements.
    However, for most people living in developed countries,
    a healthful diet that meets the dietary guidelines for
    nutrients will normally provide enough iron, folate, and
    vitamin B12 to prevent anemia.

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