Aptitude Probability

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Aptitude :: Probability
1. Tickets numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up and then a ticket is drawn at random. What is the
probability that the ticket drawn has a number which is a multiple of 3 or 5?
1
A.
2
2
B.
5
8
C.
15
9
D.
20
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Here, S = {1, 2, 3, 4, ...., 19, 20}.
Let E = event of getting a multiple of 3 or 5 = {3, 6 , 9, 12, 15, 18, 5, 10, 20}.
n(E) 9
P(E) = = .
n(S) 20
2. A bag contains 2 red, 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the
probability that none of the balls drawn is blue?
10
A.
21
11
B.
21
2
C.
7
5
D.
7
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Total number of balls = (2 + 3 + 2) = 7.

Let S be the sample space.
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Then, n(S) = Number of ways of drawing 2 balls out of 7
= 7C 2 `
(7 x 6)
=
(2 x 1)
= 21.
Let E = Event of drawing 2 balls, none of which is blue.

n(E) = Number of ways of drawing 2 balls out of (2 + 3) balls.
= 5C 2
(5 x 4)
=
(2 x 1)
= 10.
n(E) 10
P(E) = = .
n(S) 21
3. In a box, there are 8 red, 7 blue and 6 green balls. One ball is picked up randomly. What is the
probability that it is neither red nor green?
1
A.
3
3
B.
4
7
C.
19
8
D.
21
9
E.
21
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Total number of balls = (8 + 7 + 6) = 21.

Let E = event that the ball drawn is neither red nor green

= event that the ball drawn is blue.
n(E) = 7.
n(E) 7 1
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 21 3
4. What is the probability of getting a sum 9 from two throws of a dice?

1
A.
6
1
B.
8
1
C.
9
1
D.
12
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In two throws of a dice, n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

Let E = event of getting a sum ={(3, 6), (4, 5), (5, 4), (6, 3)}.
n(E) 4 1
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 36 9
5. Three unbiased coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at most two heads?
3
A.
4
1
B.
4
3
C.
8
7
D.
8
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Here S = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT, THH, HTH, HHT, HHH}

Let E = event of getting at most two heads.

Then E = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT, THH, HTH, HHT}.

n(E) 7
P(E) = = .
n(S) 8
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability of getting two numbers whose
product is even?
6. 1
A.
2
3
B.
4
3
C.
8
5
D.
16
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
In a simultaneous throw of two dice, we have n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

Then, E = {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 2), (3, 4),
(3, 6), (4, 1), (4, 2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 2), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 1),
(6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
n(E) = 27.
n(E) 27 3
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 36 4
7. In a class, there are 15 boys and 10 girls. Three students are selected at random. The
probability that 1 girl and 2 boys are selected, is:
21
A.
46
25
B.
117
1
C.
50
3
D.
25
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let S be the sample space and E be the event of selecting 1 girl and 2 boys.

Then, n(S) = Number ways of selecting 3 students out of 25
= 25C3 `
(25 x 24 x 23)
=
(3 x 2 x 1)
= 2300.
n(E) = (10C1 x 15C2)
(15 x 14)
= 10 x
(2 x 1)
= 1050.
n(E) 1050 21
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 2300 46
8. In a lottery, there are 10 prizes and 25 blanks. A lottery is drawn at random. What is the
probability of getting a prize?
1
A.
10
2
B.
5
2
C.
7
5
D.
7
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
10 10 2
= = .
P (getting a prize) = (10 + 25) 35 7
9. From a pack of 52 cards, two cards are drawn together at random. What is the probability of
both the cards being kings?
1
A.
15
B. 25

57
35
C.
256
1
D.
221
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
(52 x 51)
Then, n(S) = 52C2 = = 1326.
(2 x 1)
Let E = event of getting 2 kings out of 4.
(4 x 3)
n(E) = 4C2 = = 6.
(2 x 1)
n(E) 6 1
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 1326 221
10. Two dice are tossed. The probability that the total score is a prime number is:
1
A.
6
5
B.
12
1
C.
2
7
D.
9
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Clearly, n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

Let E = Event that the sum is a prime number.
Then E = { (1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4, 3),
(5, 2), (5, 6), (6, 1), (6, 5) }
n(E) = 15.
n(E) 15 5
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 36 12

11. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. The probability of getting a queen of club or a king of
heart is:
1
A.
13
2
B.
13
1
C.
26
1
D.
52
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Here, n(S) = 52.

Let E = event of getting a queen of club or a king of heart.
Then, n(E) = 2.
n(E) 2 1
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 52 26
12. A bag contains 4 white, 5 red and 6 blue balls. Three balls are drawn at random from the bag.
The probability that all of them are red, is:
1
A.
22
3
B.
22
2
C.
91
2
D.
77
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Then, n(S) = number of ways of drawing 3 balls out of 15
= 15C3

(15 x 14 x 13)
=
(3 x 2 x 1)
= 455.
Let E = event of getting all the 3 red balls.

(5 x 4)
n(E) = 5C3 = 5C2 = = 10.
(2 x 1)
n(E) 10 2
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 455 91
13. Two cards are drawn together from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that one is a spade and
one is a heart, is:
3
A.
20
29
B.
34
47
C.
100
13
D.
102
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
(52 x 51)
Then, n(S) = 52C2 = = 1326.
(2 x 1)
Let E = event of getting 1 spade and 1 heart.
n(E) = number of ways of choosing 1 spade out of 13 and 1 heart out of 13
= (13C1 x 13C1)
= (13 x 13)
= 169.
n(E) 169 13
P(E) = = = .
n(S) 1326 102

14. One card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability that the card
drawn is a face card (Jack, Queen and King only)?
1
A.
13
3
B.
13
1
C.
4
9
D.
52
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Clearly, there are 52 cards, out of which there are 12 face cards.
12 3
P (getting a face card) = = .
52 13
15. A bag contains 6 black and 8 white balls. One ball is drawn at random. What is the probability
that the ball drawn is white?
3
A.
4
4
B.
7
1
C.
8
3
D.
7
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let number of balls = (6 + 8) = 14.
Number of white balls = 8.
8 4
P (drawing a white ball) = = .
14 7


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Total number of balls = (2 + 3 + 2) = 7.

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Then, n(S) = Number of ways of drawing 2 balls out of 7

Let E = Event of drawing 2 balls, none of which is blue.

Total number of balls = (8 + 7 + 6) = 21.

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= event that the ball drawn is blue.

4. What is the probability of getting a sum 9 from two throws of a dice?

In two throws of a dice, n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

Here S = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT, THH, HTH, HHT, HHH}

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Then E = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT, THH, HTH, HHT}.

In a simultaneous throw of two dice, we have n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

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Then, n(S) = Number ways of selecting 3 students out of 25

n(E) = (10C1 x 15C2)

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Clearly, n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36.

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Here, n(S) = 52.

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Let E = event of getting all the 3 red balls.

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