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For quick reference, you can refer this curated list of ready-to-use data structures and methods.
List
A list is a collection which is ordered and changeable. In Python lists are written
with square brackets.
list = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]
1. You access the list items by referring to the index number:
print(list[1]) // Start with 0th index so Output is Banana
2. To change the value of a specific item, refer to the index number:
list[1] = "Orange"
3. You can loop through the list items by using a for loop:
n list:
for x i
print(x) // Output is Apple , Orange , Cherry
4. To determine if a specified item is present in a list use the in keyword:
if "Apple" in list:
print (“Yes”) // Yes if Apple is present in list
else:
print(“No”) // No if it is not Present
5. To determine how many items a list have, use the len() method:
print(len(list)) // Output is 3 as contains 3 elements
6. To add an item to the end of the list, use the append() method:
list.append("Mango") // Append at the end of list
7. To add an item at the specified index, use the insert() method:
list.insert(1, "Mango") // insert at index 1 of list
8. The remove() method removes the specified item:
list.remove("Banana") // Remove the element Banana if present
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9. The pop() method removes the specified index, (or the last item if index
is not specified)
list.pop()
10.The del keyword removes the specified index:
del list[0] // removes the specified index
Tuple
A tuple is a collection which is ordered and unchangeable. In Python tuples are
written with round brackets.
tuple = ("Apple", "Banana", "Cherry")
1. You can access tuple items by referring to the index number, inside
square brackets:
print(tuple[1]) // Output is Banana the specified index
2. Once a tuple is created, you cannot change its values. Tuples
are unchangeable.
tuple[1] = "Orange" // Gives error the value remain unchanged
3. You can loop through the tuple items by using a for loop.
for x in tuple:
print(x) // Generate all element present in tuple
4. To determine if a specified item is present in a tuple use the i
n keyword:
if "Apple" in tuple:
print("Yes") // Output is Yes if Apple is present in tuple
5. To determine how many items a list have, use the len() method:
print(len(tuple)) // Output is 3 as 3 element are in tuple
6. Tuples are unchangeable, so you cannot add or remove items from it,
but you can delete the tuple completely:
7. Python has two built-in methods that you can use on tuples.
count() Returns the number of times a specified value occurs in a tuple
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index() Searches the tuple for a specified value and returns the position
of where it was found
Set
A set is a collection which is unordered and unindexed. In Python sets are
written with curly brackets.
set = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
1. You cannot access items in a set by referring to an index, since sets are
unordered the items has no index. But you can loop through the set
items using a f or loop, or ask if a specified value is present in a set, by
using the i
n keyword.
for x in set:
print(x) // Output contains all element present in set
2. Once a set is created, you cannot change its items, but you can add new
items.
To add one item to a set use the add() method.
set.add("Orange") // Add one element at end
To add more than one item to a set use the update() method.
set.update(["Orange", "Mango", "Grapes"]) // Add all
// element in the end
3. To determine how many items a set have, use the len() method.
print(len(set)) // output is length of set
4. To remove an item in a set, use the remove(), or the discard() method.
set.remove("Banana") //Remove element if present else raise error
set.discard("Banana") // Remove element if present else don’t
// raise error
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5. Remove last element by using pop() method:
x = set.pop() //Remove and Return last element from the set
print(x) // print the last element of set
Dictionary
A dictionary is a collection which is unordered, changeable and indexed. In
Python dictionaries are written with curly brackets, and they have keys and
values.
dict = {
"brand": "Ford",
"model": "Mustang",
"year": 1964
}
1. You can access the items of a dictionary by referring to its key name,
inside square brackets:
x = dict["model"] // Return the value of the key
2. You can change the value of a specific item by referring to its key name:
dict["year"] = 2018
3. You can loop through a dictionary by using a for loop. When looping
through a dictionary, the return value are the keys of the dictionary, but
there are methods to return the values as well.
n dict:
for x i
print(x) // Print all key names in the dictionary
n dict:
for x i
print(dict[x]) // Print all values of the dictionary
for x, y in dict.items():
print(x, y) // Print both keys and value of the dictionary
4. Adding an item to the dictionary is done by using a new index key and
assigning a value to it:
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dict["color"] = "red"
print(dict) // Add new key and value to dictionary
5. The pop() method removes the item with specified key name:
dict.pop("model") // Removes model key/value pair in dictionary
