Std. X - English - Paper 1 Sol
Std. X - English - Paper 1 Sol
Std. X - English - Paper 1 Sol
Cambridge IGCSE
Cambridge Assessment International Education
TIME: 2 Hours
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen.
● Write your name and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● If additional space is needed, you should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet; the
question
number or numbers must be clearly shown.
● Dictionaries are not allowed.
INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 80.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● The insert contains the reading texts.
Read Text A, and then answer Questions 1(a)–(f) on this question paper.:
Read the web article given below about Dr. Dian Fossey: Renowned
Primatologist and Conservationist, and answer the questions that follow:
Dr. Dian Fossey, founder of the Karisoke Research Center in the Virunga Mountains of
Rwanda, initiated groundbreaking studies of mountain gorillas in their natural habitat.
Along with primatologists Jane Goodall and Birutė Galdikas, she was known as one of
Leakey’s Angels, chosen by anthropologist Dr. Louis Leakey to study and observe
great apes in the wild. Jane Goodall studied chimpanzees, and Birutė Galdikas studied
orangutans. Dr. Fossey focused on the critically endangered and often misunderstood
mountain gorilla.
Dian was born on January 16, 1932 in San Francisco, California. An excellent student,
Dian had a strong emotional connection with animals from an early age. After
graduation, she moved to Kentucky and worked in occupational therapy at a
children’s hospital. Her interest in animals never waned though. She longed to travel
and learn about wildlife in other places around the globe. After seeing photos from a
friend’s trip to Africa, Dian decided that she wanted to visit there herself to learn
more about the native wildlife.
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15
In 1963, she spent her life savings, in addition to a bank loan, financing her first trip
to Africa. While there, she visited Olduvai Gorge. This was the important
archaeological site of Louis and Mary Leakey. Dr. Louis Leakey spoke with Dian about
the fieldwork that Jane Goodall was conducting in Africa and impressed on her the
critical nature of long-term animal studies. After visiting with Dr. Leakey, Dian
accompanied wildlife photographers into the Virunga Mountains. Upon observing the
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shy mountain gorillas for the first time in the wild, Dian resolved to return in the
future to learn more about the great apes.
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In 1966, Dr. Leakey was able to secure funding for Dian to return to Africa and begin
a long-term study of mountain gorillas in the Virunga Mountains. Dian began her
fieldwork in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, regularly recording the behavior of
the gorillas as well as their social structure. She observed that mountain gorillas live
in small groups led by a silverback, an adult male gorilla identified by the silver fur on
his back. The small groups also include other younger male gorillas, female gorillas,
and baby gorillas. In order to gain their trust, Dian imitated their behaviors such as
scratching. This process is called habituation.
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30
In 1967, Dian was forced to leave her research post due to political conflict in the
Congo. She relocated to the mountains in neighboring Rwanda and established the
Karisoke Research Center. She continued her research among the mountain gorillas
and in 1970 appeared on the cover of National Geographic magazine. The coverage
resulted in worldwide attention for the gorillas, dispelling myths about their
aggressive behavior and bringing focus to the threats they faced in the wild. Several
years later, she earned her Ph.D. in zoology from the University of Cambridge. Now
known as Dr. Dian Fossey, the educational credential helped her secure additional
funding for her field research.
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40
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Dian worked tirelessly to protect the gorillas from illegal hunters. Although usually not
the direct target of poachers, mountain gorillas were often injured by the traps set for
other animals. Habitat loss was another issue facing the gorillas. As the human
population grew in the surrounding area, parts of the forest were being converted for
agricultural use. The methods Dian used to combat these threats angered and upset
many of the local people.
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Dian returned to Rwanda in 1985. On December 27th of that year, her body was
found in her cabin. The murder of Dian Fossey remains unsolved to this day. She was
buried at the Karisoke Research Center, next to her gorilla friend Digit, who was killed
by poachers. Her legacy is carried on through the conservation efforts of the Dian
Fossey Gorilla Fund International, originally named the Digit Fund. Mountain gorillas
remain a critically endangered species. Although their numbers have slowly been
increasing, scientists estimate that there are only 880 mountain gorillas remaining in
the wild.
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Answer all the questions using your own words as far as possible.
Question 1:
Read Text A, in the insert and then answer Questions 1(a)–(e) on this question
paper.
(b) Using your own words, explain what the text means by – [4]
(i)‘critically endangered and often misunderstood (line 7)
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grave danger of being on the verge of extinction and not well researched and
studied
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To behave like the creatures and make them believe she is one of them so that trust
Could be gained and she could easily learn and research more
(e) ) Re-read paragraph 6
What were some of the threats faced by mountain gorillas? [2]
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(f) With suitable evidences from the text, analyze the persona of Dian Fossey.
[4]
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Passage B
Read Text B, and then answer Question 1(g) on this question paper.
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The tendency nowadays to wander in wildernesses is delightful to see. Thousands
of tired, nerve-shaken, over-civilized people are beginning to find out that going
to the mountains is going home; that wildness is a necessity; and that mountain
parks and reservations are useful not only as fountains of timber and irrigating
rivers, but as fountains of life. Awakening from the stupefying effects of the vice 5
of over-industry and the deadly apathy of luxury, they are trying as best they can
to mix and enrich their own little ongoings with those of Nature, and to get rid of
rust and disease. Briskly venturing and roaming, some are washing off sins and
cobweb cares of the devil's spinning in all-day storms on mountains; sauntering
in rosiny pinewoods or in gentian meadows, brushing through chaparral, bending 10
down and parting sweet, flowery sprays; tracing rivers to their sources, getting in
touch with the nerves of Mother Earth; jumping from rock to rock, feeling the life
of them, learning the songs of them, panting in whole-souled exercise, and
rejoicing in deep, long-drawn breaths of pure wildness. This is fine and natural
and full of promise. So also is the growing interest in the care and preservation of 15
forests and wild places in general, and in the half wild parks and gardens of
towns. Even the scenery habit in its most artificial forms, mixed with spectacles,
silliness, and kodaks; its devotees arrayed more gorgeously than scarlet
tanagers, frightening the wild game with red umbrellas, --even this is
encouraging, and may well be regarded as a hopeful sign of the times. 20
Question 1
g. Analyze the reasons and ways in which humans are displaying a ‘tendency
nowadays to wander in wilderness.’
Your summary should not be more than 120 words.
Up to 10 marks are available for the content of your answer and up to 5
marks for the quality of your writing.
Mentally disturbed
For recreation
Physical exercise
Learning to appreciate
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Read Text C, and then answer Questions 2(a)–(d) on this question paper.
Don’t run, whatever you do
Peter, the narrator, has left his city home and is training to be a safari guide.
He has recently started work at a camp in Africa called Idube. The camp
organises safari drives and walks for guests to view animals in the wild, and
weekly dinner nights at the smaller Bush Camp, some way from the main camp.
The inventively named ‘Bush Camp’ was basically a clearing where a fire could 5
be built, around which delighted guests ate their meal. Firelight is romantic,
making everything look beautiful. By day, Bush Camp was a sorry patch of
earth, teeming with spiders. At night, with lanterns lit, the place looked perfect.
Dinner nights were cheap to run and popular with the camp’s owners, but not
with the staff. 10
Setting up meant that any quiet time, when guests were out of camp, was filled
with frantic activity. The one spare vehicle, a decrepit, spluttering truck, would
be loaded with firewood, lanterns and a chef named Wusani whose bulk made
the ageing truck’s suspension creak ominously. Wusani particularly disliked bush
dinners. Once, after being dropped off to light the cooking fire, she’d been 15
unpleasantly surprised by the roar of a lion. Lions often walked in the soft sand
of the dry riverbed that flowed beside Bush Camp, enjoying the shade or
stalking antelope in the cool tranquillity of the surroundings. This lion wasn’t
hunting, or it wouldn’t have roared. That didn’t make it any less terrifying for
Wusani. Returning later, the truck-driver found Wusani improbably perched on 20
the outermost branches of a long-dead tree. When told it was safe to come
down, she would not, because she could not. Adrenaline had fuelled the climb.
Finally, gravity’s pull resolved the issue. Wusani was saved from serious harm,
but would never stay at Bush Camp alone again. She warned me against it.
My job for bush dinners was to transport sufficient amounts of liquid 25
refreshment to Bush Camp to last the night. I hadn’t been working at Idube
long, so was last in the queue for everything.
‘Drat,’ I thought one afternoon. I’d already helped load tables, chairs, salads
and cutlery, and was waiting in the sun for the truck to return. ‘I’ll carry it
there.’ 30
I loaded up a wheelbarrow with cans. I’d been learning from the guides and felt
I could handle anything Africa threw at me.
‘You’ll need to learn how to walk,’ Chris had said to me earlier.
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I was nineteen and had been getting around on two feet with relative ease for
some years, so the comment seemed strange. But the ‘walking’ Chris meant 35
involved learning in-depth knowledge of trees, tracks and insects – the smaller
things, usually overlooked on safari drives. It was possible that while walking I,
and the excitable tourists I was being trained to lead, could encounter one of
the larger, more dangerous animals usually only viewed from the safety of a
vehicle. If so, it was important I remained calm. 40
‘Don’t run, whatever you do,’ was always the advice from other guides. ‘Food
runs – and there’s nothing here you can outrun anyway.’
After struggling some way along the bumpy tracks the vehicles used, I decided
to ditch the wheelbarrow and carry the cans. However, I hadn’t considered how
heavy 24 cans of lemonade get when you’re slogging through soft sand. I soon 45
decided to change routes, taking a shortcut along the riverbed. Midway, I
stopped to shake pebbles from my shoe, putting the cans down and stretching.
Branches met overhead, offering cool shade.
A sense of peace mingled with the undercurrent of excitement that comes from
walking in the bush. In one of the branches, a lourie bird called, a long drawn 50
out hag-like rasp, irritatingly insistent. Later, I’d learn there are many birds that
give alarm calls when they see predators. The tricky part is figuring out whether
it’s calling because of you, or because of something larger and fiercer.
I put my shoe back on, hopping around to do so, picked up the cans and
rounded a fallen tree, startling two massive male lions that had been waiting for 55
whatever clumsy creature was making all the noise.
The time it took for them to get from where they were to where I stood was too
short for my life to flash before my eyes. Every instinct told me to flee, but two
thoughts came to mind: ‘Don’t drop the lemonade, it will get fizzed up,’ and
‘Don’t run’. Whichever motive was strongest, I don’t know. I stood my ground, 60
attempting my best roar back at the lions. The lions stopped, centimetres from
me, bellowed, spat, then, with a visible release of tension, trotted around me,
carrying on down the riverbed as if they had pressing business elsewhere. I
sank gratefully to the sand, shaking, but through the fear felt something else …
Pride. 65
Question 2
(a) Identify a word or phrase from the text which suggests the same idea
as the words underlined:
(i) In daylight, Bush camp was a sad scrap of earth.
loaded [1]
(c) Use one example from the text below to explain how the writer suggests
Peter’s experiences and feelings. [3]
Use your own words in your explanation.
A sense of peace mingled with the undercurrent of excitement that comes
from walking in the bush. In one of the branches, a lourie bird called, a long
drawn out hag-like rasp, irritatingly insistent.
He was eager and loved the new adventure and at the same experienced a
Sense of calm;
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(d) Re-read :
• Paragraph beginning 2 ‘Setting up meant that any quiet time’ and ending
‘warned me against it’ describing Wusani’s experience.(lines 11-24)
• Paragraph 11 beginning ‘The time it took for them..’ and ending ‘felt
something else … Pride’ which describes the narrator’s experience with the
lions.(lines 57-65)
Explain how the writer uses language to convey meaning and to create effect
in these paragraphs. Choose three examples of words or phrases from each
paragraph to support your answer. Your choices should include the use of
imagery.
Para 2 :
character
improbably perched – highly humorous image of the bulky weight on the tree
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Adrenaline had fuelled - imaginative depiction of the speed with which she reacted
Para 11:
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• What were your experiences like as an amateur? What challenges did you
face?
• How have you grown in your profession? What would you say to persuade
youngsters to take up this profession?
Base your answers on what you have read in Text C, but be careful to
use your own words.
Address each of the given questions only
Write about 250 to 300 words.
Up to 15 marks are available for the content of your answer and upto
10 marks for the quality of your writing.
Transport drinks
A3 : adjustment
Sense of adventure
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