Module For PurCom Prelim & Midterm

Purposive Communication is a three- unit course that develops students communicative competence and
Course
enhances their cultural and intercultural awareness through multimodal task that provide them opportunities for
Description
communicating effectively and appropriately to a multicultural audience in a local or global context.
Course
3 units
Units
 To equip students with tools for critical evaluation of variety of texts and focuses on the power of language and
the impact of images to emphasize the importance of conveying messages responsibly.
Course
 To apply the knowledge skills and insights that the students gain from this course may be used in their other
Goals
academic endeavors, their chosen disciplines and their future careers as they compose and produce relevant
oral, written, audio- visual and/ or web- based output for various purposes
By the end of the course, the student is able to:
 Communicate various forms of communication that enhances cultural and intercultural awareness to a
Course multicultural audience in a local or global context; and
Objectives  Use the appropriate tool for critical evaluation of texts that focuses on the power of language and the impact of
images emphasizing on the importance of conveying messages responsibly.
Course Outline
I. Communication Processes, Principles and Ethics
A. Communication Components, Principles, and Ethics

B. Communication Models
C. Types of Communication
D. Communication and Technology
E. Communication and Globalization
F. Intercultural Communication
G. Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language
H. Evaluating and/or Images of Different Types of Text Reflecting Different Cultures
II. Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology
A. Multimedia Presentation
B. Blogging
III. Communication for Various Purposes
A. Informative, Persuasive, and Argumentative Communication

B. Public Speaking
C. Making Inquiries
IV. Communication for Work Purposes
A. Communication for Teachers: Storytelling

B. Writing Business and Technical Reports
C. Communication for Employment: The Resume
D. Communication for Employment: The Application Letter
E. Communication within a Company: The Memorandum
F. Communication within a Company: The Minutes of Meeting
V. Communication for Academic Purposes
A. Avoiding Plagiarism
B. Academic Presentations
Course Materials
The materials for this course are composed of various web resources (e-texts, web articles, and online videos). The
resources to be used for specific module, including their links, are listed in the corresponding study guide. Access the
course materials and study them carefully.
Study Schedule
This module of learning serves as your guide as you study the course. Keep in mind the tasks that you must accomplish
and the deadlines to meet. If you have any queries regarding with the activities, you can reach me through messenger
(@franzmascardo) or through email (mascardo.mjf@gmail.com). I hope that you would learn a lot of things from this
module. Good luck!
Week Topic Learning Activities

1. Self-introduction
Week 1 2. Read Course Guide, Study Tips, the guides to each
September 22-25, Introduction & Course Orientation course requirement, and articles about Plagiarism.
2020 3. Do the preliminary activities of this course.
4. Download and study resources for Module 1.
1. Read Lesson 1 objectives.
Module 1: 2. Answer introductory questions first before
Chapter 1: Understanding the 21st Century reading the lessons.
Week 2
Communication 3. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum via
September 25-
Lesson 1: Communication Components, Messenger
October 3, 2020
Principles, and Ethics 4. Do the graded activity and your assignment
guided by the rubrics below.
5. Pass your modules at the end of the week.
1. Read lesson 2 objectives.
2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum via
Messenger.
Week 3 Lesson 2: Communication Models 3. Analyze the diagrams given as you read the
October 5-9, 2020 concepts.
4. Answer the discussion questions and the
assignment guided by the rubrics below.
5. Pass your module at the end of the week.
2. Read the lessons and join the discussion forum
through Messenger.
Week 4
3. As you read, take note of the different illustration
October 12-16, Lesson 3: Types of Communication
or images to better understand the lesson.
2020
4. Answer the activity and assignment guided by the
rubrics below.
Week 5 Lesson 4: Communication & Technology 1. Read Lesson 4 objectives.
October 19-23, 2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum
2020 through Messenger.
3. Answer the quiz that follow, make sure to follow
the instructions in answering.
4. Answer your assignment.
2. Answer the introductory questions first before
proceeding to read the lesson.
Week 6 3. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum
Lesson 5: Communication and
October 26-30, through Messenger.
Globalization
2020 4. Answer the activity by watching a video on
YouTube and answer your assignment guided by the
rubrics below.
5. Pass the module at the end of the week.
2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forums
Week 7
through Messenger.
November 2-6, Lesson 6: Intercultural Communication
3. Answer the activity and assignment that follow
2020
guided by the rubrics below.
2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forums via
Week 8
Lesson 7: Varieties and Registers of Messenger.
November 9-13,
Spoken Language 3. Answer the assignment that follows guided by the
2020
rubrics.
4. Pass the module
2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forums
Week 9 Lesson 8: Evaluating and/or Images of through Messenger.
November 16-20, Different Types of Texts Reflecting 3. Answer the following sample questions.
2020 Different Cultures 4. Answer the activity and assignment guided by the
rubrics below.
1. Read Lesson 1 objectives for Chapter 2
proceeding to read the lesson. Visit the link given to
Module 2:
Week 10 watch the video.
Chapter 2: Communication Aids and
November 23-27, 3. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum
Strategies Using Tools of Technology
2020 through Messenger.
Lesson 1: Multimedia Presentation
rubrics below.
5. Pass the modules at the end of the week.
2. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum
Week 11
through Messenger.
November 3- Lesson 2: Blogging
December 4, 2020
rubrics below.
Module 3:
Week 12 Chapter 3: Communication for Various
though Messenger.
December 7-11, Purposes
2020 Lesson 1: Informative, Persuasive and
rubrics below.
Argumentative Communication
4. Pass the modules at the end of the week.
Week 13 Lesson 2: Public Speaking 1. Read Lesson 2 objectives for Chapter 3
December 14-18, 2. Answer the introductory questions first before
2020 proceeding to read the lesson.
through Messenger.
rubrics below.
proceeding to read the lesson.
Week 14 3. Read the lesson and join the discussion forum
Lesson 3: Making Inquiries
January 4-8, 2020 through Messenger.
rubrics below
Course Requirements
o Assignment 25%
o Activity 25%
o Asynchronous Online Discussion, 30%
Activities & Attendance
o Final Requirement 20%
100%
Republic of the Philippines
BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus
Tagbilaran City
College of Teacher Education
Vision: A premiere S&T university for the formation of world-class and virtuous human resource for sustainable development in Bohol and the country.
Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields;
undertake research and development, and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the country.
Compilation of Topics and

Activities for Purposive
Communication
Chapter 1: Understanding the
st
21 Century Communication
Lessons/Week 1-8
(Prelim)
Prepared by:
Ma. Jeane Franz b. Mascardo
English Instructor
CHAPTER 1 Understanding the 21st Century Communication
Lesson 1 – Communication Components, Principles, and Ethics
Let’s Achieve These!

 Explain the principles and components of the communication process and ethical considerations in
communication.
 Elucidate how communication skills help resolve problems, better understand new concepts and aid in your
profession.
 Frame a slogan about how the knowledge of the communication process aids people in communicating
effectively.
Share your own insights in atleast five sentences. (20 points each)
1. Why do people communicate?
2. Can you imagine a world with the absence of communication?
3. What do you think causes miscommunications and misunderstandings?
Concept Grounding
Communication is defined as meaning-making process through a channel or a medium. It comes from communicares in
Latin, meaning sharing or making common ideas. The connection that includes among participants is the heart of your
communication learning.
The Components of the Communication Process
Understanding the communication process may help you become a better communicator.
1. SOURCE/SENDER
The sender carries out the message with care. The sender can be anybody: a book author, a public speaker at a special
event or even a traffic enforcer.
2. MESSAGE
The message forms the reason for any interaction. It is the meaning that the sender and the receiver have in common.
Messages take many different forms. They could means poems, songs, essays, news stories, signs of the road and even
symbols.
3. CHANNEL
It is the means to transmit a message. When we respond to a phone call, the channel is the machine. At the other hand,
when your parents receive a note of your schools absences, the source is the message. Both the sender and the receiver
are responsible for selecting the best medium for the connection.
4. RECEIVER
The person who receives the message being transmitted. In a public speaking case, he/she will be a member of an
audience, a letter reader or a driver who reads road signs. It is required that the recipient should listen or read carefully,
be aware of various types of sender, enumerate details when appropriate, provide answers and ask questions for
clarifications.
5. FEEDBACK
A feedback is essential in any communications scenario to confirm understanding of the recipient. Feedback is expressed
in varied forms, like messages. A simple not to a verification questions id treated as a feedback, so maybe feedbacks
were written, spoken or acted out.
6. ENVIRONMENT
The environment is called the location, the feeling, the mood, the attitude and the state of both sender and receiver. It
may also include the physical configuration of a location where the communication occurs, the space occupied by both
the sender and the receiver, including the artifacts surrounding the sender and receiver.
7. CONTEXT
Context includes sender and receiver perceptions, and common or mutual awareness via the environmental signals.
8. INTERFERENCE/NOISE
Interference is also referred to as the barrier, or block that prevents effective communication.
Kinds of Interference
a. Psychological Barriers - thoughts which hamper the receiver's interpretation of the message correctly.
b. Physical Barriers – includes stimulus, weather and climatic interference, health and ignorance of the medium
c. Linguistic and Cultural Barriers - relates to language and its cultural meaning. Words in different cultures may mean

another.
d. Mechanical Barriers - are those raised by networks used for interpersonal, group or mass communication.
These include cellphones, laptops, and other communications gadgets.
e. Cultural Barriers – age, gender, educational background, economic status quo, popularity, religion, political views and
ethics
f. Personal Barriers – poor listening skills, egoistic, interpersonal trust, and ability to communicate affectively
The Nine Principles of Effective Communication
Michael Osborn (2009) believes communication must follow certain requirements for successful communication.
1. CLARITY
Clarity makes the speeches comprehensible.Fuzzy terminology, like jargons, cliché words, euphemisms and double-
speak terminology, is totally prohibited.
2. CONCRETENESS
Concreteness eliminates myths. Facts such as research data, statistics or figures must back up messages. The abstract
terms must be avoided in order to achieve concreteness.
3. COURTESY
Goodwill builds courtesy. It includes being respectful in terms of approach and the way an person is handled.
4. CORRECTNESS
Glaring grammatical errors obscure the meaning of a sentence. Misuse of language, too, can hurt your reputation.
5. CONSIDERATION
Messages need to be targeting the audience. The sender of a message must take into account the occupation of the
recipients, education level, race, ethnicity, hobbies, interests, beliefs, activism, age when composing or sending a
message.
6. CREATIVITY
Communication creativity means being able to create interesting messages in terms of the structure of the sentences
and the choice of words.
7. CONSICENESS
Simplicity and straightforwardness help you get succinct. Stop using lengthy terms and phrases that could confuse the
receiver.
8. CULTURAL SENSITIVITY
Today, with growing focus on promoting diverse cultures, lifestyles, and races and the promotion of gender equality,
cultural awareness is becoming an important norm for successful communication.
9. CAPTIVATING
To command more attention and better responses, aim to make messages interesting.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN COMMUNICATION
Ethics is a branch of philosophy which focuses on human relations

issues of right and wrong. Here are some guidelines/rules to be
followed by ethical communicators:
1. Respect audience
2. Consider the result of communication
3. Value truth Image from ntelt.com/paraphrasing-

tips-in- academic-wrting-2
4. Use information correctly
5. Do not falsify information
Graded Activity!
1. In your own visualization, create a diagram of how a communication process takes place based from the eight
components listed above. Illustrate your answer in the space provided. (20 points)
2. Identify the possible communication interferences in the different contexts. Give at least five and justify your answers.
Write your answers on the space provided below. (20 points each)
a. a written letter of complaint
b. interaction between a nurse and a patient in pain
c. songs with figurative language
Assignment
Create a slogan showing how knowledge of communication process aids people in communicating
effectively. Place your answer on the space provided below. (20 points)
Rubrics & Criteria:

Rubric for Essay Writing
Category 4 3 2 1 Score
Ideas This paper is clear and The writer is beginning Topic is not well- As yet, the paper has no clear
focused. It holds the reader's to define the topic, defined and/or there sense of purpose or central
attention. Relevant details even though are too many topics. theme. To extract meaning from
and quotes enrich the central development is still the text, the reader must make
theme. basic or general. inferences based on sketchy or
missing details.
Organization The organization enhances The organizational Sentences within The writing lacks a clear sense
and showcases the central structure is strong paragraphs make of direction. Ideas, details, or
idea or theme. The order, enough to move the sense, but the order of events seem strung together in
structure of information is reader through the paragraphs does not. a loose or random fashion;
compelling and moves the text without too much there is no identifiable internal
reader through the text. confusion structure.
Sentence The writing has an easy flow, The text hums along The text seems choppy The reader has to practice quite
rhythm, and cadence. with a steady beat, but and is not easy to read a bit in order to give this paper a
Fluency Sentences are well built, with tends to be more orally. fair interpretive reading.
strong and varied structure businesslike than
that invites expressive oral musical, more
reading. mechanical than fluid.
Conventions The writer demonstrates a The writer shows The writer seems to Errors in spelling, punctuation,
good grasp of standard reasonable control have made little effort capitalization, usage, and
writing conventions (e.g., over a limited range of to use conventions: grammar and/or paragraphing
spelling, punctuation, standard writing spelling, punctuation, repeatedly distract the reader
capitalization, grammar, conventions. capitalization, usage, and make the text difficult to
usage, paragraphing) and uses Conventions are grammar and/or read.
conventions effectively to sometimes handled paragraphing have
enhance readability. well and enhance multiple errors.
readability; at other
times, errors are
distracting and impair
readability.
Presentation The form and presentation of The writer's message is The writer's message is The reader receives a garbled
the text enhances the ability understandable in this only understandable message due to problems
for the reader to understand format. occasionally, and relating to the presentation of
and connect with the paper is messily the text, and is not typed.
message. It is pleasing to the written.
eye.
Rubric for Assessing Diagram

At least 90% of the At least 75% of the At least 60% of the Less than 50% of the
Accuracy of content included in content included in content included in content included in the
Content the diagram is the diagram is the diagram is diagram is accurate.
accurate. accurate. accurate.
Graphics are of Graphics are Graphics are Graphics lack
Graphics - excellent quality, easy adequate, easy to somewhat effective effectiveness and
to read, and relevant read, and relevant to but may include relevance. Images
Effectiveness and to the content. the content. vocabulary or spelling include multiple
Relevance errors. vocabulary or spelling
errors.
All important items Almost all important Many important Important items on the
on the diagram are items on the diagram items on the diagram diagram are not labeled
Labels clearly labeled. are clearly labeled. are clearly labeled. or are labeled in a way
that isn’t clear
The diagram is very The diagram is Some elements of the The diagram is not very
appealing in terms of appealing in terms of diagram are appealing in terms of
Appearance design, layout, and design, layout, and appealing in terms of design, layout, and
neatness. neatness. design, layout, and neatness.
neatness.
Spelling and Almost no spelling or Few spelling or Some spelling or Many spelling or
grammatical errors. grammatical errors. grammatical errors. grammatical errors.
Grammar
Rubric for Slogan Making
Category 5 4-3 2 1 Score
The slogan is The slogan is The slogan is
exceptionally attractive in terms acceptably The slogan is distractingly
attractive in terms of of neatness. Good attractive though it messy.
Craftsmanship neatness. Well construction and may be a bit messy.
constructed and not not very messy.
messy.
Slogan is Slogan is creative Slogan is creative The slogan does not
exceptionally and a good amount and some thought reflect any degree of
creative. A lot of of thought was put was put into creativity.
Creativity thought and effort into decorating it. decorating it.
was used to make
the banner.
Exceptional use of Good use of new Average use of new No use of new ideas and
new ideas and ideas and ideas and originality originality to create
Originality originality to create originality to create to create slogan. slogan.
slogan. slogan.
There are no There is 1 There are 2 Grammatical mistakes on
grammatical grammatical mistake grammatical the poster.
Grammar mistakes on the on the poster. mistakes on the
poster. poster.
Lesson 2 – Communication Models

 Identify the different communications models and its characteristics.

 Criticize the advantages and disadvantages of each model.
 Provide concrete and specific example context for each model.
Concept Grounding
Communication is to the organization as blood is to the body. The success of all the functions of management depends
upon the effective communication. In this case, the process and elements should be put in consideration in order to
communicate effectively. The communication process is a simple to complex process depending on the situation. The
elements should also be present in order to successfully make a successful communication process.
In an attempt to explain and understand how to improve communication and rhetoric, theorists have developed
communication models. As time has passed, more and more complex models have been developed to explain how we
communicate.
In this lesson, we will discuss six common communication models namely:
 Aristotle’s Model
 Lasswell’s Model
 Berlo’s S-M-C-R Model
 Osgood-Schramm Mode
 White’s Model
 Shannon-Weaver Mod
1. Aristotle’s Model
One Sentence Overview: A structure for thinking about how to develop your communication skills by looking at
the main factors that underpin the situation.
Aristotle’s communication model is the oldest communication model, dating back to 300BC. The model was designed to
examine how to become a better and more persuasive communicator. Aristotle concludes that we should look at five
elements of a communication event to determine how best to communicate: speaker, voice, purpose (occasion), target
audience and effect. He also defined three elements that would enhance communication: ethos (credibility), pathos
(ability to connect) and logos (logic argument). The Aristotle model does not pay attention to the role of feedback in
communication.
7
2. Lasswell’s Model
One Sentence Overview: A simple structure for evaluating one-way communication by asking five questions:
who said what, through which medium, to whom, with what effect?
Lasswell's communication model attempts to explain an interaction by posing five critical questions. It looks at who
created the message (and what their viewpoint may be), what they said, the medium in which they said it (e.g. TV, radio,
blog), who said it, and what impact it had on the receiver. This model is useful as it offers a very clear and realistic way of
criticizing the message and discussing five critical elements that can help describe the case in more detail in the study.
Questions Component How to Analyze Example of Component

Who? Communicator Control Analysis Vacuum Cleaner salesman
Says What? Message Content Analysis Promotes his brand of
vacuum as the best vacuum
In Which Channel? Medium Media Analysis Television
To Whom? Audience/Receiver Audience analysis Evening TV viewers in
Philippines
With what effect? Effect Effects Analysis Brand awareness, belief
that this vacuum is the best,
increased sales revenue
3. Berlo’s S-C-M-C-R Model
One Sentence Overview: Berlo’s S-M-C-R model explains it in four steps: Source, Message, Channel, and Receiver.
The unique feature of the Berlo Model is that it provides a thorough account of the main elements in each process that
will have an effect on how well the message is communicated:
 Source: Elements of the source include communication skills of the sender, their attitude and their culture.
 Message: Elements of the message include its content, structure and code.
 Channel: Elements of the channel include the senses of hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, etc.
 Receiver: Elements of the receiver include their attitude, knowledge and culture
4. Shannon-Weaver Model
One Sentence Overview: The Shannon-Weaver model is the first to illustrate the 'noise' function in
communication that can interrupt or change a message between sender and receiver.
The Shannon-Weaver model sees communication in five main parts: sender, encoder, channel, decoder, receiver. This
stresses the importance of encoding and decoding messages to be sent (e.g. converting them into written words, morse
code, etc.). 'Noise' happens during the encoding, receiving, and decoding cycle that can interrupt or cloud a message. In
the most common sense, that may be static on a radio show, or even apply to mishearing a conversation or mistyping an
email. This model was the first to develop the role of noise in the communication process. This model also retroactively
introduced the concept of feedback.
5. Osgood-Schramm Model
One Sentence Overview: The Osgood-Schramm model shows.

The Osgood-Schramm model discusses equal and reciprocal contact. It does not differentiate between sender and
recipient, but sees each sender in an equal role as message encoders and decoders. This model is ideally suited for
describing and analyzing personal continuous communication where feedback is instant (such as face-to - face
conversations). Because feedback is immediate, noise can be reduced through ongoing clarification of messages during
conversation.
6. White’s Model
One Sentence Overview: Eugene White’s Model shows that communication is circular and continuous, without a
beginning or an end. The concept of feedback has also been introduced.
These eight stages of oral communication are the following:
1. Thinking - a desire, a thought, or an emotion that gives a speaker a stimulus to express a need.
2. Symbolizing– before the speaker may make a sound, he must know the code of the oral language in which to represent his
ideas and to make his choice.
3. Expressing– the speaker then uses his vocal system to produce language sounds, followed by his facial expression, gestures, and
body posture.
4. Transmitti ng– the waves of sound that propagate at 1,000 feet per second and the waves of light that fly at a pace of
186,000 miles per second convey the speaker's message to his listeners.
5. Receiving– pressure waves impinge on the ears of the listener, after which the resulting nerve impulses enter the brain through
the auditory nerve; the eyes of the listener are hit by light waves, after which the resulting nerve impulses reach the
brain through the optic nerve.
6. Decoding– the listener interprets the language signals that the listener receives and thinks about.
7. Feedbacking - the listener may manifest an overt behavior like a nod, a smile, or a yawn, or he may not display any behavior at all
(covered actions like a rapid pulse, a poker face, etc.).
8. Monitoring– as the speaker listens for signs of hearing or recognizing his message from his listeners, he is always tuned to
what is happening within him; the speaker collects and decodes feedback about himself from his audience in
order to respond to the particular situation.
Discussion: Answer the following questions below in atleast 250 words. (20 points each)
1. How do the models help you understand the various components of communication?
2. What are different ways to communicate?
3. How well do you communicate with your parents and teachers specially now in the new normal? What can you do to
improve your communication?
4. Why do you think it is important to communicate with those around you?
5. In what ways do you and your friends communicate?
6. How can you improve your communication skills?
7. How do you think communication has changed in the last year? Five years? Ten years?
8. Where do you see communication going in the future?
9. What did you learn today that you had not thought of before about communication?
Assignment
Illustrate through a diagram a concrete example for each of the following communication models. Label
each component from your example according to its function based on what model it represents. Give a
three-sentence explanation of your example. (20 points)
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Rubric for Assessing Diagram

At least 90% of the At least 75% of the At least 60% of the Less than 50% of the
Accuracy of content included in content included in content included in content included in the
Content the diagram is the diagram is the diagram is diagram is accurate.
accurate. accurate. accurate.
Graphics are of Graphics are Graphics are Graphics lack
Graphics - excellent quality, easy adequate, easy to somewhat effective effectiveness and
to read, and relevant read, and relevant to but may include relevance. Images
Effectiveness and to the content. the content. vocabulary or spelling include multiple
Relevance errors. vocabulary or spelling
errors.
All important items on Almost all important Many important items Important items on the
the diagram are items on the diagram on the diagram are diagram are not labeled
Labels clearly labeled. are clearly labeled. clearly labeled. or are labeled in a way
that isn’t clear
The diagram is very The diagram is Some elements of the The diagram is not very
appealing in terms of appealing in terms of diagram are appealing appealing in terms of
Appearance design, layout, and design, layout, and in terms of design, design, layout, and
neatness. neatness. layout, and neatness. neatness.
Spelling and Almost no spelling or Few spelling or Some spelling or Many spelling or
grammatical errors. grammatical errors. grammatical errors. grammatical errors.
Grammar
Lesson 3: Types of Communication

 Identify the different types of communication according to mode and context.

 Analyze communication behavior and give ways on how to improve it.
 Create a comic depicting the use of verbal, non-verbal and visual communication.
Concept Grounding
Communication can be defined as a process for transmitting information and a common understanding. One individual
to the other (Keyton, 2011). It focuses on other contact mechanisms and also on groups of people that constitute a
communication situation. Different contexts can have an impact on one's communication. Growing method of
communication shall be regulated by a specific circumstance. It is therefore essential to pay attention and to interplay to
factors that may be physical, cultural, social and psychological in the context of communication.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE
Message can be imparted across these types; verbal-non-verbal and visual. While communication is often thought of as
verbal, non-verbal mode is just as important as it strengthens one’s message.
VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Verbal communication refers to the mode of communication in which the message is conveyed orally. Verbal contact is
achieved by speech, voice, or a piece of paper. The goal of any communication is to make people understand what we
are trying to say.
A. Oral Communication
Spoken words are found in oral speech. It includes face-to - face conversations, speech, telephone conversations, video,
radio, television, internet voice. Communication is influenced by volume, speed and clarity of speech.
Advantages Disadvantages
Quickness in exchange of ideas Unfit for lengthy message
Flexibility Unfit for policy matters
Personal touch Lack of written proof
Removal of misunderstanding Expensive method
Lack of clarity
Misuse of time
Presence of both the parties is necessary
B. Written Communication
Written signs or symbols are used to communicate in written communication. Messages can be sent by e-mail, letter,
report, memo, etc. It is also influenced by the vocabulary and grammar used, the style of writing, the precision and the
clarity of the language used.
Advantages Disadvantages
Suitable for lengthy messages Unfit for uneducated persons
Written proof Lack of secrecy
Clear message No quick feedback
Less expensive method
Presence of both parties
True and effective
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
It's a communication through signs

and symbols. Non-verbal can go
without verbal communication, but
the latter cannot go without the
other. It is considered to be the
most effective communication,
because the tone of voice and body
language can convey the message
effectively rather than just verbally.
Types of Non-verbal Communication
 Facial Expression – The face is the index of the mind, the facial expression we can display or we can recognize
joy, sorrow, rage and fear, and much more. Looking at a person's face is always the first thing we see, even
before we hear what they have to say. Although non-verbal communication and actions can differ significantly
across cultures, the facial expressions of joy, sorrow, frustration, and fear are similar throughout the world.
 Eye – Looking at another person can show a variety of emotions, such as rage, grudge, and risk, a dangerous
look will tell you that someone is upset and not comfortable with you. Eyes play an important role in non-verbal
communication, and such things as looking, staring and blinking are important non-verbal behaviors. As people
meet people or things they like, the rate of blinking rises and decreases and their pupils dilate.
People also use eye gaze as a means of determining whether someone is being honest. Natural, steady eye
contact is also seen as a sign that a person is telling the truth and is trustworthy. Shifty eyes and an inability to
maintain eye contact, on the other hand, are also used as a sign of someone lying or being deceptive.
 Gesture - Delivery of gestures and signals is an effective way to express meaning without words. Popular
movements include waves, pointing, and the use of fingers to signify quantitative numbers. Other gestures are
arbitrary and culturally related. In courtroom settings, lawyers have been known to use different non-verbal
signals to attempt to influence the opinions of the jury.
An attorney might glance at his watch to indicate that the opposing lawyer’s claim is tiresome or might even
turn his attention to the witness's testimony in an effort to discredit his or her credibility. Such non-verbal
gestures are seen to be so strong and dominant that some judges have set limits to what kind of non-verbal
activity is permitted in the courtroom.
 Body language and Posture - Posture and gesture may also convey a lot of details. Research on body language
has developed dramatically since the 1970s, but mainstream media have concentrated on over-interpreting
defensive postures, arm-crossing, and leg-crossing, particularly after the publication of Julius Fast 's book Body
Language. Although these non-verbal actions that signify feelings and attitudes, research indicates that body
language is much more nuanced and less definite than commonly believed.
 Haptics - Communicating by contact is another essential non-verbal action. Much research has been conducted
on the significance of touch in infancy and early childhood. Examples of this would be, pat on the back / head,
shake hands, high five.
 Personal Appearance - Color psychology research has shown that different colors can evoke different moods.
The presence can also alter physiological responses, perceptions and interpretations.
Just think about all the subtle assumptions you’re able to make about someone based on their appearance. Such
initial impressions are significant, which is why experts recommend that job seekers dress appropriately for
interviews with potential employers.
Researchers have found that appearance can play a role in how people are viewed, and how much they receive.
A 1996 study showed that lawyers considered more attractive than their colleagues paid almost 15% more than
those considered less attractive.
Culture is an important influence on how beauty is judged. While thinness appears to be valued in western
cultures, some African cultures attribute full-figure bodies to better health, income and social status.
 Proxemics (Space Language) – to communicate while keeping a distance is called proxemics. The distance we
need and the amount of space we consider as belonging to us are determined by a variety of factors , including
social norms, situational factors , personality characteristics and familiarity.
 Chronemics - The use of time in non-verbal communication is formally known as chronemics-the analysis of the
way in which time is used and interpreted. In direct communication, the use of time can convey a powerful non-
verbal message. This message is also conveyed via the following two timing applications.
As far as punctuality/patience to wait is concerned, time can be used as a status predictor. For example, in most
industries, the boss might interrupt the process of holding some kind of meeting in the middle of the working
day, so the average worker will have to make an appointment to see the boss. Speed of speech/how long people
are able to listen can have a big impact on the effectiveness of the verbal message.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT
1. Intrapersonal Communication - a communication that happens in your own mind. It's the foundation of your
emotions and your values.
Examples are when you make any kind of decision – what to eat or
wear. When you think about something – what you want to do on the
weekend or when you think about another person.
2. Interpersonal Communication – a communication between two or more people
Examples are when you are talking to your friends. A teacher and
student discussing an assignment.
a. Dyadic Communication – is a communication between 2 individuals in a personal relationship that is built up

over time and involves their thoughts and feelings at a certain level.
b. Small Group - is communication within formal or informal groups or teams. It is group interaction that results
in decision making, problem solving and discussion within an organization. Examples would be a
group planning a surprise birthday party for someone. A team working together on a project.
c. Public - public communication is a sender-focused mode of communication in which one person is usually
responsible for transmitting information to an audience. Public speaking is something that many
people fear or at least do not enjoy. But, just like group communication, public speaking is an
important part of our academic , professional, and civic life. Compared to interpersonal and group
communication , public communication is the most deliberate, structured, and goal-oriented mode of
communication we have explored so far.
d. Mass - public communication is mass communication as it is conveyed to a lot of people by print or electronic
media. Print media, such as newspapers and magazines, continue to be an significant medium of mass
communication, although they have suffered a great deal over the last decade, partially as a result of
the increase of online media. Television, websites, forums , and social media are mass networking
outlets that you are likely to connect with on a daily basis. Many examples of mass media are radio,
podcasts, and books.
Unlike interpersonal, group, and public communication, there is no immediate verbal and non-verbal
feedback loop in mass communication. Of course, you might write a letter to a newspaper editor or
send an e-mail to a television or radio station in response to a report, but there is no direct input on
face-to - face experiences.
TRADITIONAL MODES OF COMMUNICATION
Face-to - face communication is the most common and widely used means of communication. This includes a casual
conversation between two or more people and a business meeting. Face-to - face is a very easy method of
communication that everybody has experienced. It doesn't require any extra materials, making it the cheapest
communication option. It's also fast, so you get the advantage of visual feedback from the person or people you’re
talking with. One benefit of face-to - face contact is that, aside from directly hearing. You can find non-verbal clues in the
message being transmitted by facial expressions, gestures, actions, or even objects, or you can recognize the shape of
the person you are interacting with.
Journal Prompts (Activity)
Activity: Creating an Analyzation of Your Communication Behavior
Prove that communication is both frequent and important by observing your interactions for a one-day period. Record
every occasion in which you are involved in some sort of communication as it is defined on pages 5 and 6 of the text.
Create a report (essay form) of your findings with the help of the following questions below. Write your report in a sort
bondpaper and paste it on this page,
 What percentage of your waking day is involved in communication?

 What percentage of time do you spend communicating in the following contexts: intrapersonal, dyadic, small
group, and public?
 What percentage of your communication is devoted to satisfying each of the following types of needs: physical,
identity, social, and practical? (Note that you might try to satisfy more than one type at a time.)
 Based on your analysis, describe five to ten ways you would like to communicate more effectively. For each item
on your list of goals, describe who is involved (e.g., "my boss," "people I meet at parties") and how you would
like to communicate differently (e.g., "act less defensively when criticized," "speak up more instead of waiting
for them to approach me"). Use this list to focus your studies as you read the remainder of this book.
Assignment
Directions: Create a 5 page comic where the situation depicts a concrete use of verbal, non-verbal and visual
communication. Paste your own work this blank page.
Rubrics & Criteria:
missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Rubric for Creating Comic Strip

The pictures and All but 1 of the All but 2 of the More than 2 of the pictures
captions reflect an pictures and captions pictures and captions and captions reflect little
exceptional degree of reflect an exceptional reflect an exceptional degree of student
Creativity student creativity. degree of student degree of student creativity.
There is great creativity. creativity.
attention to detail.
All 20 panels relate to Only 15 panels relate Only 10 panels relate Less than 10 panels relate
Theme the theme. to the theme. to the theme. to the theme.
The main characters The main characters The main characters It is hard to tell who the
are clearly identified, are clearly identified, are identified but not main characters are.
Characters and and their actions and and their actions and well developed and
Dialogue dialogue are dialogue match most their actions and
wellmatched to each of the time. dialogue are too
other. general.
Landscape and Landscape and props Landscape and props Landscape and props Landscape and props seem
Props are directly related to are directly related to are generally related to randomly chosen OR
the theme or purpose the theme or purpose the theme or purpose distract the reader.
of the comic and of the comic. of the comic.
enhance
understanding of the
scene.
Spelling, There are no spelling, There are 1-3 spelling, There are 4-5 spelling, There are more than 5
Punctuation, and punctuation, or punctuation, or punctuation, and spelling, punctuation, and
grammar errors. grammar errors. grammar errors. grammar errors.
Grammar
Lesson 4: Communication & Technology
 Identify the different modes of exchanging information to one person or another.

 Enumerate the positive and negative dimensions of the use of technology in communication.
 Create an essay of the importance of technology as an aid to communication amidst the global pandemic or the
“new normal”
Concept Grounding
MEDIATED COMMUNICATION
In comparison to face-to - face communication, Virtual Communication refers to conversations that take place using the
electronic resources of Information and Communication Technology as a way of transmitting information to one person
or another. These include the following;
Video Communication
Video communication is achieved through the use of web cameras to connect two or more parties. This is the next best
contact choice on a face-to - face basis, because you get the most of the same advantages. However, there is always the
possibility of bad connections or other technical issues which hinder communication. If there are no technical problems
experienced, this could be a very effective mode of communication, particularly for people who are separated by
distance. For example, you can engage in a Skype conversation with your loved ones, particularly on important,
meaningful or memorable occasions. This is a convenient mode of communication for men, who want to meet each
other given distance.
Audio Communication
Audio communication is a voice-only mode of communication, such as telephone conversation. This is a good instant
contact device if you catch a person instead of getting a voice mail or answering machine, but it doesn't have the
advantage of enabling you to see the other person. It is therefore more difficult to have more than two parties involved.
The obvious downside of this mode is that you can't see the body language or the signals of the person you're talking to.
However, if good listening skills are applied, it may be possible to detect the tone or the intonation or pitch of the voice
which may indicate the feeling or mood of the speaker or listener.
Text-based Communication
Although it can be linked or traced back to the traditional mode of communication, due to the evolution of our
communication, we have learned to adapt and integrate it into our daily lives to address these needs. Like e-mail, text
messaging and instant messaging and social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, they also deliver
text-based interactions. Web communication involves Internet interaction, such as e-mail, instant messaging and blogs,
text messages and printed articles. Text interaction does not have the advantages of audio and video, but it is much
easier to transmit information to a wide number of people and to preserve contact records.
COMMUNICATION IN SOCIAL MEDIA
In the past, we have different modes of communication. These modes took the form of hand-written notes, type-written
messages, short telegrams, computer-coded text, and audio and video conversations. Increasing mode of
communication is distinct from the other, and the ways in which you compose your messages are different.
Users can also use email, social media, chat messengers, phone conferencing, video calls, photos, videos, symbols,
graphs, maps, and emoticons for communication. A lot of things are wasting our time, and we're getting more busy than
productive. Debates, questions, viral messages do not yield the desired findings and conclusions. There are even more
new topics for the next day to connect, and we're going to continue searching for the next conclusions.
If we adopt good interpersonal skills, we can use several tools and channels for natural research and development,
including human synergistic development, our environment and natural resources. Technology has had a huge effect on
communication, but how we use it depends entirely on us.
Today, with the rapid rise and spread of Internet access, old forms of communication have given way to new forms that
make contact simpler and faster. The advent of social media has provided a new medium for promoting the needs of
everyday knowledge and communication. As technology grows and our range of communication expands, social media is
becoming a vital tool for the social community on a daily basis. This provides an opportunity for people to connect with
each other in a way that is both positive and necessary for people to be socially inspired. The rapid communication style
that captivates millennial and other generations has changed our conversations from "face-to - face" to "through-the-
screen" instances.
Social networking and online communication are believed to have negative effects on social skills and communication
among adolescents. When social media did not exist, social communication and interaction were the only means of
communication. In the technological age, social media interactions now dominate both online and offline conversations.
In a culture where contact and over-sharing is the normal, you are more likely to talk to friends and family via mobile
devices than face-to - face. As more generations are born into the social age , social media will continue to be the
preferred means of communication between the young people.
The ability to reach customers, co-workers and suppliers quickly helps to improve the efficiency of any business
operation. Mobile technology makes it easy to get or keep contact information in your mobile device. You can get out of
there with questions or notifications from everywhere. For example, a field manager who is trying to decide why an
order has not arrived may easily contact his office, supplier and delivery courier within a few minutes from the off-site
venue.
In addition, technology has reduced the number of face-to - face interactions or actual telephone conversations people
have had. It's much easier to send a quick text than to make a phone call. Although this efficiency is certainly a benefit,
there is value to the chit-chat that is now being lost. Relationships are established when a company understands its
customers and finds ways to support them more efficiently through personal interactions.
TEST YOURSELF!
A. Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers before the item.
1. In this communication process, the source becomes a receiver and the receiver becomes the source.
a. Mass Communication
b. Face-to-face Communication
c. Dyadic Communication
d. Video Communication
2. The cheapest option of communication that includes casual conversation between two or more people.
a. Public Communication
b. Text-based Communication
c. Face-to-face Communication
d. Mass Communication
3. Includes internet communication such as email and text messaging.
a. Small Group Communication
b. Video Communication
c. Audio Communication
d. Text-based Communication
4. Everyone will become the source and the receiver through sharing information and giving feedbacks.
a. Small Group Communication
b. Intrapersonal Communication
c. Dyadic Communication
d. Non-verbal Communication
5. The next-best communication option after face-to-face. There will always be the possibility of bad connection that
may hinder communication.
a. Interpersonal Communication
b. Video Communication
c. Verbal Communication
d. Oral Communication
6. Having a large number of audiences and a need of a certain technological tool is necessary.
a. Audio Communication
b. Mass Communication
c. Video Communication
d. Face-to-face Communication
7. No direct access with the receiver and the audience feedback is very less or delayed.
a. Mass Communication
b. Dyadic Communication
c. Small Group Communication
d. Video Communication
8. The messages from a single person will reach or received by huge number of audience and there are no mutual
feedbacks, the focused is only the speaker.
a. Oral Communication
b. Communication toll
c. Public Communication
d. Dyadic Communication
9. A good instant communication tool but it does not allow you to see the person you are talking to.
a. Audio Communication
b. Mode Communication
c. Mass Communication
d. Small Group Communication
10. You may engage in a conversation via Skype with you loved ones especially during significant, meaningful or
memorable occasions. This is a convenient communication mode for people how want to reach-out to each other
despite distance.
a. Video Communication
b. Dyadic Communication
c. Intrapersonal
d. Written
B. Directions: Enumerate the following. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. Identify and differentiate the different communication modes in 200 words. (rubric below)
2. Give at least one scenario in each of the modes of communication explain in 200 words. (rubric below)
3. List at least 10 positive and negative effects of technology in communication. (1 pts. each)
4. How would you raise awareness to avoid misconceptions about the use of technology in communication? Explain
in 200 words. (rubric below)
C. Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is true or FALSE if the statement is incorrect. Write your answers on the
space provided before the number.
1. Technology makes it more difficult to keep up with news today than in the past because it is difficult to keep
up with all the information.
2. With advances in technology, few differences exist between face - to - face and computer mediated
communication.
3. Social media actually goes back to some of the earliest Internet technologies and even predates the Internet.
4. Technology has nothing to do with communication since they are way too different from each other.
5. Communication technology is an ever growing market.
6. The emergence of social media has created a new avenue for facilitating daily information and communication
needs.
7. When social media did not exist and social communication and interaction were the only way of
communication.
8. Relationships are built when a business knows its customer and discover opportunities to serve them more
ineffectively through personal interjections.
9. Each mode of communication is distinct from the other; the ways in which you craft our messages differ.
10. Communication creates opportunity for people to understand problems with each other in a way that is both
helpful and essential to socially motivate people.
Assignment
Write a three paragraph with 5 sentences each paragraph essay of the importance of technology as an aid to
communication amidst the global pandemic or the “new normal”.
Rubrics and Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Lesson 5: Communication and Globalization
 Identify the connection between communication and globalization.

 Write a reaction paper on communication challenges in a global atmosphere and methods for effective and
ethical global communication.
 Create a two-minute informative video about communication and globalization.
Engaging Ideas
Image from:
https:/www.moneycrashers.com/create-keep-
manufacturing-jobs-america/
1. What is the image saying about the world today? Write atleast five sentences explanation. (20 pts.)
2. What do you think has contributed to the easy access and exchanges of information these days? Write atleast five
sentences explanation. (20 pts.)
3. In transacting or communicating in a global setting, what vital preparations must be done? Why? Write atleast five
sentences explanation. (20 pts.)
Concept Grounding
Globalization is contact and assimilation between individuals, ethnicities, cultures, organizations, governments of
different nations, enabled by technology and guided by international trade. As a result of globalization, the more you are
exposed to diversity—-assessing the individuality or disparities in gender identity, colour, age, religious affiliation, race,
employment, social and status and political beliefs.
Globalization is not a modern process or a new idea. Years before the introduction of technology, people had purchased
and sold land, products and other useful items to one another.
Advantages:
1. Led to many millions of people being lifted out of poverty
2. Has not only allowed nations to trade with each other but also cooperate with each other
Disadvantages:
1. While some areas have flourished, others have floundered as jobs and commerce move elsewhere.
2. Every step forward in technology brings with it new dangers.
3. While many have been lifted out of poverty, not everybody has benefited.
4. It is not helping to close the gap between the world’s poorest and richest nations.
5. Could lead to “unparalleled peace and prosperity”; done poorly, “to disaster”
COMMUNICATION IN GLOBALIZATION
Since then, communication has become increasingly global, blurring national boundaries. The ability to communicate
effectively in a global environment can be a challenge. Therefore, to interact effectively in a global sense, a general
awareness of variations in communication from one country to another or from one community to another helps
prevent miscommunication.
People's history and experience affect their view of the world, and the principles, attitudes and patterns of actions are
considered to be healthy. The following are possible cultural barriers to effective communication in a global context.
1. Cultural Relativism
Ability to consider a culture on its own terms and not to make assumptions based on the norms of one's own society.
This leads us to the view that no culture is superior to any other culture in terms of morality, law, politics and religion.
Goal
• To promote understanding of cultural practices that are not typically part of one’s own culture
Examples:
FGC – Africa (symbolizes femininity)
Feet Binding – China (symbolizes beauty)
2. Lack of knowledge of other cultures
3. Discrimination and harassment
4. Language differences
In order to achieve the desired outcome or response, the above obstacles must be properly addressed. It is the duty of
the parties participating in the contact process to remove potential barriers to their exchange. "The goal of effective
global communication is to achieve communication that delivers the desired response leading to harmonious
connections. Krizan (2014) suggests these strategies to become an effective global communicator.
1. Review communication principles
2. Analyze the message receiver
3. Be open to an accepting of other cultures
4. Learn about cultures and apply what is learned.
5. Consider language needs.
Firming Up! (Activity)
Watch the video “Wiring a Web for Global Good” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7rrJAC84FA). Study the
speech. In a form of reaction paper, answer the following questions. Paste your answer on the space provided below.
a. What global issues have emerged because of miscommunication?
b. How can effective communication and language use contribute to the creation of a truly global society?
Assignment
1. Interview a person who is a native of another country and who has spent an extensive time in the Philippines. Ask
them the following questions:
a. How do citizens of your country perceive Filipinos?

b. How do you think Filipinos perceive citizens of your country?
c. Describe the differences in manner of speaking?
d. What are the different behaviors of Filipinos that are not acceptable or not usually done in your home country?
e. What are similarities of Filipinos and citizens of your country in terms of behavior and thinking?
f. What was your most difficult adjustment staying in the Philippines?
g. Have you ever experienced difficulty in transacting or communicating in English with Filipinos? If yes, tell your group
about the experiences.
2. Based on your findings, formulate a possible strategy for you to be an effective global communicator. Share your
strategy through a short PPT presentation.
3. Based on the discussion on communication and globalization, create a two-minute informative video focusing on
the following:
a. characteristics of globalization
b. advantages of globalization
c. effects of globalization in language use and communication
Rubrics and Criteria:
Rubric for Evaluating a Reaction Paper

Apprehension Identifies feeling(s), Identifies feeling(s) & has a Identifies feeling(s) Identifies some
has a clear and reasonable hypothesis about it and speculates about feeling(s)
supported hypothesis origins the cause of it
about its origins,
development, and
connection to course.
Intellectual – Outlines prior Describes prior knowledge and Comments on prior Knew little and had not
knowledge, interests in specific terms; knowledge and thought about the topic
knowledge about impressions, and relates topic to text interests in a global
the Topic misconceptions. Uses way—no specific
relevant skills, course related
knowledge, and experiences/textual
specific quotations references
from the text
Importance/ Describes local and Describes importance to Describes some Has no idea of any
wider importance. immediate and extended groups importance to a importance to the topic
Significance Some explanation of discrete group of
why the topic or issue individuals
is important to more
that the immediate
group
Additional Consulted other Refers to other sources of Identifies possible No further information
sources and integrated information but does not additional sources but sought or desired
Information the information in the integrate them into the paper does not consult them
reaction paper
Conventions The writer The writer shows reasonable The writer seems to Errors in spelling,
demonstrates a good control over a limited range of have made little effort punctuation,
grasp of standard standard writing conventions. to use conventions: capitalization, usage,
writing conventions Conventions are sometimes spelling, punctuation, and grammar and/or
(e.g., spelling, handled well and enhance capitalization, usage, paragraphing
punctuation, readability; at other times, grammar and/or repeatedly distract the
capitalization, errors are distracting and impair paragraphing have reader and make the
grammar, usage, readability. multiple errors. text difficult to read.
paragraphing) and
uses conventions
effectively to enhance
readability.
Rubric for PowerPoint Presentation

Background Background does not Background does not Background does not Background makes it difficult to
detract from text or detract from text or detract from text or see text or competes with
other graphics. Choice other graphics. Choice other graphics. Choice other graphics on the page.
of background is of background could of background foes
appropriate for this have been better not fit project.
project. suited for the project.
Text - Font Choice Font formats (e.g., Font formats have Font formatting has Font formatting makes it very
color, bold, italic) have been carefully planned been carefully planned difficult to read the material.
& Formatting been carefully planned to enhance readability to complement the
to enhance readability content. It may be a
and content. little hard to read.
Content - Accuracy All content throughout Most of the content is The content is Content is typically confusing or
the presentation is accurate but there is generally accurate, but contains more than one factual
accurate. There are no one piece of one piece of error. It is difficult to
factual errors. information that might information is clearly understand the time period
be inaccurate. flawed or inaccurate. that was chosen.
Spelling and Presentation has no Presentation has 1-2 Presentation has 1-2 Presentation has more than 2
misspellings or misspellings, but no grammatical errors but grammatical and/or spelling
Grammar grammatical errors. grammatical errors. no misspellings. errors.
Use of Graphics All graphics are A few graphics are not All graphics are Several graphics are
attractive (size and attractive but all attractive but a few do unattractive AND detract from
colors) and support support the not seem to support the content of the
the theme/content of theme/content of the the theme/content of presentation.
the presentation. presentation. the presentation.
Effectiveness Project includes all Project includes most Project is missing more Project is lacking several key
material needed to material needed to than two key elements and has inaccuracies
gain a comfortable gain a comfortable elements.
understanding of the understanding of the
time period chosen. time period chosen.
Presentation Student presented the Student presented Student had many Student was unable to
material with material but could difficulties presenting complete presentation before
confidence. have been more materials. the class.
confident.
Rubric for Video Presentation

The presentation was The presentation was The presentation was The presentation was
very easy to follow. easy to follow. not easy to follow. difficult to follow due
Organization to disorganization of
the utterances.
The student The student made a The student made It was hard to
communicated well few mistakes in some mistakes in understand due to
Accuracy of using correct vocabulary and vocabulary and incorrect use of
language use vocabulary and grammar but there grammar. vocabulary and
grammar. were no patterns of grammar.
errors
The student clearly The student seemed to The student clearly The student did not
understood the topic understand the main understood most show an adequate
Understanding of in-depth and points of the topic and aspects of the topic understanding of the
topic presented his/her presented those with and presented his/her topic.
information ease. information with ease.
convincingly.
All information Most information Most information Most of the
Accuracy of presented in writing presented in writing presented in writing information was
information was clear, accurate was clear, accurate was clear, but was not inaccurate or not clear.
and thorough. and thorough. usually accurate.
The student was able The student was able The student was able The student was
to accurately answer to accurately answer to accurately answer a unable to accurately
Comprehension almost all questions most questions posed few questions posed answer questions
posed by audience by audience about the by audience about the posed by audience
about the topic. topic topic. about the topic.
Lesson 6: Intercultural Communication
 Identify what is Intercultural Communication and its forms.

 Differentiate High-Context and Low-Context cultures.
 Cite examples on how to enhance one’s ability to communicate with people from diverse cultures.
 Create a PPT Presentation about various cultural modes of communication of a certain country.
Working in a globalized world, you encounter people of diverse cultural backgrounds. These experiences take place in
private, educational, political and commercial environments. Therefore, in today's age of enhanced global connectivity,
it is imperative that we recognize intercultural communication in order to improve intercultural knowledge and
competence.
Concept Grounding
Intercultural communication refers to interaction with people from diverse cultures (Jandt, 1998)
Forms of Intercultural Communication (Jandt, 1998)
 Interracial Communication – communicating with people from different races.

 Interethnic Communication – interacting with people of different ethnic origin
 International Communication – communicating between representatives of different nations
 Interracial Communication – interacting with members of the same racial or ethnic group or co-culture
According to Gamble and Gamble (2008), the style of communication between cultures varies; it may be high-context or
low-context communication.
High Context
 Communication tends to be indirect, harmoniously structured and understated.
 In conversation, people are expected to speak one after another in an orderly, linear fashion.
 Disagreements are personally threatening. It is important to solve conflict immediately or avoid it completely in
order for work to continue.
 Physical space is considered more communal. Standing very close to others is a common practice.
 Verbal messages are indirect. Speakers often talk around a point (instead of directly to it) and use
embellishments to convey meaning.
 Accuracy is valued. How well something is learned is important.
 Some countries considered “high context” include Japan, Greece and various Arab nations.
Low Context
 Communication tends to be linear, dramatic, precise and open.
 Because words are so highly valued, they are used almost constantly.
 Disagreements are depersonalized. Conflicts do not have to be resolved immediately for work to continue.
When solutions are found, they tend to be rationally based.
 Privacy and personal space are highly valued. Physical space is considered privately owned.
 Verbal messages are explicit and direct. Words are valued above their context.
 Speed is valued. How efficiently something is done is important.
 Some countries considered “low context” include the United States, Germany and various Scandinavian
countries.
The most successful means of communicating between various cultures is through non-verbal communication, the forms
of non-verbal communication vary considerably on the basis of culture and country of origin.
What Is Nonverbal Communication?
Non-verbal interaction explains how people transmit and receive knowledge beyond words to each other. According to
Dr. Charles Tidwell, the definition has a variety of functions:
 To accent the meaning of verbal messages (such as pointing while stating directions)

 To complement or contradict verbal messages (such as indicating sarcasm using verbal tone)
 To regulate interactions with others (such as using nonverbal cues to indicate when people should and should
not speak
 To substitute for verbal messages (such as nodding instead of saying “yes”)
While non-verbal communication is a common phenomenon, the meanings of non-verbal cues are not common. We
vary tremendously across cultures, and are often vague.
Forms of Nonverbal Communication
Non-verbal communication can take many forms. Effectiveness as a foreign communicator also depends on
understanding what such types may be and how their definitions can vary between countries. Below are examples of
seven modes of non-verbal communication, as well as unique cultural variations.
Eye Contact
Whether or not eye contact is made, who makes it, and how long it lasts varies enormously. For many Asian societies,
the avoidance of eye contact is seen as a sign of respect. Nevertheless, some in Latin and North America find eye contact
to be necessary for the promotion of equality between individuals. To Ghana, if a young child looks like an adult in the
eye, it is perceived to be an act of defiance.
Touch
A significant number of cultural expressions are accomplished by contact. Throughout America , for example, it is
considered appropriate to use a firm handshake to welcome a newcomer or another business professional. In France,
however, it is normal to kiss someone you welcome on both cheeks. Touching kids on the head is all right in North
America. However, this is considered extremely unacceptable in Asia, as the head is considered to be a sacred part of
the body. In the Middle East, the left hand is generally used to treat body hygiene. Therefore, using that hand to accept
a gift or shake hands is considered to be highly disrespectful. There is also a wide variety of cultural viewpoints on the
correct guidelines for physical interaction between similar and opposite sexes.
Gestures
Gestures can express very different meanings. Individuals in the United States use the "OK" symbol to signify that
anything is appropriate. In Japan, the same hand symbol means "money." The Argentines, the Belgians, the French and
the Portuguese all use the symbol to mean "none" or "none." The same sign is considered by other Eastern European
countries to be offensive.
Physical Space
Countries that are heavily populated usually have much less need for personal space than they do not. For example, the
Japanese are less likely to respond strongly to the accidental contact of a stranger than the Americans. There is also a
need for less personal space in places such as Latin America and the Middle East, in the form of one-on-one interactions.
Facial Expressions
Winking is a facial gesture that is especially varied in context. Throughout Latin America , for example, the gesture is also
used as a romantic or sexual invitation. The Yoruba people in Nigeria are beckoning their children if they want them to
leave the house. And the Chinese think the gesture is rude.
Posture
Posture may express power dynamics, attitudes and civility. Slouching in Taiwan is considered to be rude, while other
parts of the world will not think much of it in one way or another. In America, standing with your hands on your hips
may indicate strength or pride, but in Argentina, it may mean rage or challenge.
Most cultures still frown upon revealing the bottom of the foot, something that's considered disgusting. Therefore,
sitting with a foot lying on the opposite knee is strongly discouraged in places like many Arab countries.
Paralanguage
"Paralanguage" refers to speech characteristics such as accent, pitch range, length, or articulation. In Britain, for
example, people use volume to express frustration, while in India, they use it to get attention. Japanese women make a
point of increasing the pitch of their voices in order to differentiate themselves from men. In the United States, the voice
tone between the sexes remains the same.
The usage and attitude towards silence may also be considered a form of paralanguage. The Greeks use silence as a
means of rejecting things, while the Egyptians use silence as a means of denying things. Many cultures (such as Asia) are
typically more relaxed with long periods of silence than others.
When foreign communicators take the time to know what they don't say, everybody profits. Not only will their actions
minimize the possibility of misunderstandings, they will strengthen their ability to communicate, solve conflicts
efficiently, establish good working relationships and become better global citizens.
Improving Intercultural Communication Competence
The following guidance can help you develop your ability to communicate effectively across cultures (Gamble & Gamble,
2008).
1. Recognize the significance and variations in styles of communication between people.
2. Know how to remove perceived biases and stereotypes.
3. Strive to learn the communication skills required in a multicultural world.
In your own idea, in what specific ways can you enhance your ability to communicate with people from diverse cultures?
Write a two paragraph with five sentences each paragraph answer.
Assignment
1. “Human beings draw close to one another by their common nature, but habits and customs keep them apart.”
(Confucius) Do you agree or disagree? Cite your opinion and give concrete situations to support your stand in 250 words.
2. Identify a country where graduates like you are on demand. Research on the various cultural modes of
communication that a newly hired employee in that country should remember. Based on your research, prepare a three-
four minute PPT Presentation via video recorded presentation and submit it to my email.
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.

color, bold, italic) have been carefully planned been carefully planned difficult to read the material.
& Formatting been carefully planned to enhance readability to complement the
confident.
Lesson 7: Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language

 Determine culturally-appropriate terms, expression, and images.
 Apply the varieties and registers of spoken and written language in the proper context.
 Value the importance of cultural awareness and sensitivity in communication of ideas.
Concept Grounding
Spoken mode is mostly connected with daily registries, while written mode is related to academic registries.
Nevertheless, this is not always the case. For example, in daily communication, face-to - face conversations are usually
complemented by text messaging. Significant methods of oral communication along with written correspondence are
used in academic contexts. Significantly, both regular and academic communicators are distinguished by multi-modality
or the use of various forms of communication, including spoken, written forms and pictures , music , videos, movements,
etc.
LANGUAGE VARIETIES
What is a Variety?
It refers to any variant of a language which can be sufficiently delimited from one another.
Varieties of Language
1. Pidgin - is a new language which develops in situations where speakers of different languages need to communicate
but do not share a common language. A lexifier is a particular language where the vocabulary of a pidgin comes from.
Examples:
Conyospeak Language
Being Filipino means mashing two – even three – languages, producing a new hybrid lingo. It is easy to understand why
linguistic purity adherents still stick to the "mangling" of language, which implies the resulting pidgin form (or, as they
say, bastardization) of language. Of course, there's no such thing as pure words, strictly speaking, but with the
emergence of Conyospeak as an evolving language, it's so easy to be sympathetic to the purists; it wouldn't be too hard
to see why 'pidginization' is a felony. Yet how did the whole generation of the Filipino upper middle class become guilty
of this?
There are two variants of this harmful phenomenon, according to Jessie Grace U. Rubrico, author of the paper "The
Metamorphosis of Filipino as a National Language." These are mild Taglish (which some quarters call either Engalog or
Filinglish) and "coñotic" Taglish. Moderate Taglish is a plain, swollen combination of English and Tagalog in the same
sentence, while the latter is his wicked sister.
Conyospeak is often a phrase which combines the English verb 'make' with the basic form of the Tagalog verb. This
sentence replaces perfectly appropriate English counterparts, and it is at this stage that 'crime' is committed.
Why did the language come to be? We can only guess about that.
One explanation is that, at home, conyo children are expected to speak to their parents in English for one reason or
another, and this also means that they are prohibited to speak in Tagalog (or 'vernacular' in non-Tagalog provinces), an
activity with varying failure rates.
Another explanation is that most conyo children grew up being raised by devoted amahs or yayas (nannies) who, being
mainly promdis (originally a pejorative word meaning 'from the region' or 'from the boondocks'), could only speak to
their homes in fragmented tagalog and English. A classic joke on the typical fractured English that descended from
the promdi yaya/maid route goes like this:
Yaya to young ward: "I told you not to go to, you go to! Now, you look at!"
(Translation in Tagalog: Sinabi kong huwag kang pumunta, pumunta ka pa rin! Ngayon, tignan mo!)
(Translation in proper English: I told you not to go, yet you still went! Now, see what happened!)
A classic example of conyo talk is the following:
"Let's make tusok-tusok the fish balls." (Let's pierce the fish balls with bamboo sticks.)
Here’s a couple of other examples given by Rubrico, with their literal translations in parentheses:
"I'm so init na; make paypay me naman o." (I'm so hot; please fan me now.)
"You make hintay here while I make sundo my kaibigan." (You wait here while I fetch my friend.)
Gaylinggo
The Wikipedia Online Encyclopedia defines it as a "vernacular language derived from Englog" and is used by a number of
gay Filipinos. This uses elements from Tagalog, English, and Spanish, and others from Niponggo, as well as celebrities'
names and trademark labels, giving them new meanings in this special language." This language emerges because 'gay
discrimination paved the way for the development of a communication code that only gays could use.' According to the
research paper 'The evolution and expansion of the Gay Language in the Philippines.'
This “pidgin” is also the aim of these groups of men, gays, to maintain the secrecy of any matter or activity they have in
such a way that no one can understand it except those who belong to the groups.
Examples of the gay language based on the data gathered in Southern Mindanao are:
Borlogs – (v) means ‘to sleep’

Chaka – (adj.) means ‘ugly’
Chipipay – (adj.) means ‘cheap’

Lafang – (n) means ‘food’ (syn. Lapang; pan;, lapipang)
Orocan – (adj.) means ‘fake; untrue’
Rhapsody – (adj.) means ‘delicious’ (syn. Marirap; maorap)
2. Creole - is a pidgin that becomes the first language of the children and the mother tongue of a commuinity.
Example:
Chabacano
Chavacano or Chabacano derived from the Spanish word chabacano, which literally means "bad taste," "vulgar taste,"
"popular taste," "good quality taste," or "coarse taste." During the Spanish colonial era, the Spanish-speaking population
referred to it as "lenguaje de la calle," "lenguaje de parian" (language of the street) or "lenguaje de cocina" (Spanish
cuisine to refer to the Chinese-Filipinos of Manila, especially in Ermita) in order to distinguish it from the Spanish spoken
by the peninsulars, the insulars, the mestizos, or the elite class called illustrados. This famous name has developed into a
word of its own in various spellings with no derogatory connotation, but simply to mean the name of a language with
the distinct Spanish flavor.
Chavacano is important both from a linguistic and a historical-geographic point of view. First of all, it is generally
considered to be one of the oldest Creole languages in the world, with a history stretching back about 400 years. It is
obviously based on Spanish, which is very unusual.
One Chavacano dialect is gone, and others may be declining. Yet Chabacano de Zamboanga is a safe language, both the
primary mother tongue and the lingua franca of Zamboanga, the sixth largest city in the Philippines, with more than
800,000 inhabitants.
3. Regional Dialect - - is not a distinct language but a variety of a language spoken in a particular area of a country.
The Government of the Philippines officially recognizes eight regional languages: Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano,
Pampango, Pangasinense, Tagalog and Waray, but these are only eight of the twelve languages spoken by more than a
million people in the Philippines.
What is noteworthy about the languages in the Philippines is that there is a great deal of communication between them
all. Words and even phrases occur in various languages that have 'disclosed' to each other. Many of these originate in
Spanish or English, borrowed around the world and integrated into the various languages in a fascinating show of
linguistic evolution. A good example is the popular phrase "kumusta ka", a greeting that you typically find in
conversations in Tagalog, Cebuano, and Ilokano.
4. Minority Dialect - is a variety used as a marker of identity, usually alongside a standard variety, by the members of a
particular minority ethnic group.
Ilokano Tagalog Cebuano Hiligaynon Central Bicolano Waray

Amianan(Northern) Bataan Boholano Kawayan spoken Canaman Tacloban
on the Island of (Standard Dialect
Biliran
Abagatan(Southern Batangas Leyteño Naga City Abuyog, Leyte
) (heavy Cebuano
Influence)
Bulacan Northern Kana Partido Culaba,Biliran
(heavy Cebuano
Influence)
Manila Mindanao Tabaco-Legazpi- Catbalogan
Sorsogon (Original Dialect)
Tayabas Negrense Virac Calbayog
(mixture of the
Tacloban dialect)
of Northen Samar
Davaoeño Daet Allen, northern
Samar (mostly
Southern
Sorsoganon,
mixed with
Northern
Samarenyo)
Luzon Rincolada Bikol
(Inland Bikol)
Saksak Sinagol Sorsoganon
(Bisakol)
(Census, 2000)
5. Indigenized Varieties - are spoken mainly as second languages in ex-colonies with multilingual populations.
Examples:
FILIPINISM
A linguistic usage specific to or typical of the Philippines
Ex. Open the light (switch on the light)
Captain-ball (basketball team captain)
Viand (any dish eaten with rice)
SOUTH-EAST ASIAN ENLISH

The greater the spread of English and more functions for which it could be used, the more it became indigenized just like
the case of Singaporean English, and South-East Asian English which included the Philippines that falls to the category of
second language varieties in countries that were formerly colonies or protectorates of an English-speaking power.
TAGLISH
An informal name for a mixture of Tagalog and English, as used in the Philippines and particularly in Manila and the
Island of Luzon
Example: Pwede kayong magbayad three months after arrival. Pwede pong i-extend up to two years ang payment. At sa
pinakamababang interest rate pa. (Quoted by Lily V. Kapili, English Today. 16, Oct. 1998)
LANGUAGE REGISTERS
What is Registers?
According to Nordquist (2018), a register is:
- defined as the way a speaker uses language differently in different circumstances

- determined by factors as social occasion, context, purpose, and audience
- determine the vocabulary, structure, and some grammar in one’s writing and even in one’s oral
discourse.
5 Distinct Registers (Nordquist, 2018)
1. Frozen - it refers to historic language or communication that is intended to remain unchanged, like a constitution or a
Prayer
Examples: The Holy Bible, The United States Constitution, The Bhagavad Gita, and Romeo and Juliet
2. Formal - is used in professional, academic, or legal settings where communication is expected to be respectful,
uninterrupted, and restrained. Slang is never used and contractions are rare.
Examples: a TED talk, a business presentation, the Encyclopedia Britannica, and Gray’s Anatomy by Henry Gray
3. Consultative - is used in conversation when they are speaking with someone who has specialized knowledge or who is
offering advice. Tone is often respectful (use of courtesy titles), but may be more casual if the relationship is
longstanding or friendly.
Examples: the local TV news broadcast, an annual physical examination, a service provider like a plumber
4. Casual - is used when they are with friends, close acquaintances and co-workers, and family.
Examples: a birthday party, a backyard BBQ
5. Intimate - is reserved for special occasions, usually between only two people and often in private
Examples: an inside joke between two college friends or a word whispered in a lover’s ear
Language registers are classified as:
1. Formal Language Register

- is more appropriate for professional writing and letters to a boss or a stranger
- is impersonal, meaning, it is not written for a specific person and without emotion
Examples: a. business letters

b. letters of complaint
c. some essays
d. reports
e. official speeches
f. announcements
g. professional e-mails
Rules in formal writing:

A. Do not use contractions.
cannot instead of can’t
have not instead of haven’t
is not instead of isn’t
B. Spell out numbers less than one hundred.
nineteen twenty-two seventy-eight six
C. Write in third person point of view.
avoid using the following: I you we us
D. Avoid using too much passive verbs.
Passive: The bone was eaten by the dog.
Active: The dog ate the bone.
E. Avoid using slang, idioms, exaggeration (hyerboles) and clichés.
awesome/cool check it out ok/okay
F. Avoid abbreviations and acronyms.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Department of Education (DepEd)
influenza (flu)
Philippine Pesos (PhP)
G. Do not start sentences with words like, and, so, but, also.
Here are some good transition words and phrases to use in formal writing:
Nevertheless However As a result of Additionally In addition Although
H. Always write in complete sentences.
I. Write longer, more complex sentences.
2. Informal Language Register

- is conversational and appropriate when writing to friends and people you know very well.
Examples: a. personal e-mails d. friendly letters

b. phone texts e. most blogs
c. short notes f. diaries and journals
There are no major rules to informal writing but you can include things such as:
a. slangs and clichés i. jokes
b. figurative language j. personal opinions
c. symbols and abbreviations k. extra punctuation
d. acronyms l. passive and active voice
e. incomplete sentences
f. short sentences
g. first person, second person POV
h. paragraphs or no paragraphs
3. Neutral Language Register

- is not necessarily formal or informal
- is used to deliver facts.
Examples: a. reviews d. some letters

b. articles e. technical writing
c. some letters
Assignment
Journal Writing
1. Why is it important to use appropriate varieties and registers of language in certain communication contexts? Write a
two paragraph with five sentences each paragraph answer.
2. How will the varieties and register of spoken and written language be applied to:
a. BISU MC Core Values

 Search for Excellence
 Good governance
 Responsiveness to Challenges
 Public Engagement
3. Family, friends and to the society
4. Course
(Write a two paragraph with five sentences each paragraph answer.)
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Lesson 8: Evaluating and/or Images of Different Types of Texts Reflecting Different Cultures

 Recognize the different types of texts reflecting different cultures,
 Identify cultural text,
 Evaluate multimodal text and media messages/images using the Key Concept of Media Literacy framework to
enhance receptive skills (listening, reading, and viewing),
 Adopt awareness of audience and context in presenting ideas; and
 Disseminate ideas through oral, audio-visual, and/or web-based presentations for different target audiences in
local and global setting using appropriate registers.
The "text" is not limited to anything written down. Text may be a picture, an artifact, something in a language or culture
that conveys meaning. Think about the text you use in your classroom language: What was in the textbook? How are
you doing in class or at home? How are you going to describe the classroom, its design? Why do you think the chairs are
placed in front of the tables? Those questions, with its finite answer would tell you that there are texts that are
reflection of one’s own culture.
Cultural Text
Cultural texts are those artifacts, acts and behaviors that disclose cultural significance. A photo is an image, but it is also
a cultural document, a picture with cultural details beyond the image itself. Food, house and clothing also provide
information on culture and do not stop there. The whole space and place, including the people and their interactions, all
the rituals and rules and their various forms in which they manifest themselves, are "readable" texts. Not every text has
a specific cultural relevance, though.
Identifying the cultural text is a bit simple. When you look around the classroom or the location you're in right now and
see the people or objects around you, what you see are cultural texts. Also spaces that may or may not be void to
people are considered to be cultural documents, and the structure and demographics indicate how space is used.
What's going on in the space and what's in the space are all the cultural text or picture accessible for study. In other
words, the space and the objects inside it are cultural "readable" documents. The aim, desires, values, and even beliefs
of the people who were occupying it had something to say about it.
Returning to the situation in the classroom, ask the following questions:
 How do you know where to sit and what it means to sit in front of, in the middle or in the back of the classroom?
 How was the room decorated? Can you give conclusion why?
As you consider the questions, you will know that these photos, styles, motives and values are there, and they are
organized in this way because their cultural context says otherwise.
Understanding Different Types of Texts
As mentioned a while ago, a text can come from any direction and be any type of writing. These can contain letters, ads,
user manuals, newsletters, postcards, notices and magazine articles. But then the document isn't limited to anything
written down. It could be a film, an artifact, or something in a language and culture that conveys meaning.
Knowing what kind of text helps to understand why it was written.

For example:
 The advertisement is written in order to persuade others to buy, and it is intended to convince.
 The user guide consists of instructions about how to make things work or, for example, how to prepare food. It's
written to give the instructions.
 Often a formal (business) letter is written to inform you of something.
 You may even write a personal letter to anyone explaining a holiday.
Persuasive texts
It's a compelling text that invites you to do or want something. In writing, note that you can use proper capitalization,
correct punctuation marks and may also use repetitive words or questions to draw attention to them. Adjectives must
be used as much as possible so that they can sound appealing. One sided reasoning helps to make the text credible.
Instructive texts
An instructive text is written to instruct someone to do something, or to indicate the procedures to be followed. The
tone of words is commanding and formal and direct words may be used. In particular, the use of adjectives does not
require extra words.
Informative text
The concise text tells by word of fact and step-by - step procedures. A common example of this is the announcement
made on the bulletin board, or the news broadcast on television.
Descriptive texts
The function of the descriptive text is to describe a person, object or event by using adjectives or adverbs to clearly
illustrate the process of definition. The writer, when writing the text, specifically wanted the reader to visualize what it is
like and how it is like by using words that appeal to the five senses of the human being.
Key Concept of Media Literacy (Center for Media Literacy, 2005)
Key Concepts Guide Questions in Media Text Analysis

1.All media messages are “constructed” 1. What is the message of the text?
2. How effectively does it represent reality?
3. How is the message constructed?
2. Media have embedded values and points of view. 1. What lifestyles, values and points of view are
represented in the text?
2. Who or what is missing?
3. Each person interprets messages differently. 1. What message do you perceive from the text?
2. How might others understand it differently? Why?
4. Media have commercial, ideological or political 1. What is the purpose of the text?
interests. 2. Who is the target audience of the text?
3. Who might be disadvantaged?
4. Who created the text and why?
5. Media messages are constructed using a creative 1. What techniques are used and why?
language having its own rules. 2. How effective are the techniques in supporting the
messages or themes of the text?
3. What are other ways of presenting the message?
The Key Concepts of the Media Literacy Framework acts as a framework for gaining a thorough understanding of the
nature of mass media, the methods used and the influence of these methods. The Key Concepts of Media Literacy can
also be of great help in the creation of media texts to communicate meaning to the audience. Text can use words,
graphics, sounds and images to present information. This can also be in spoken, written, visual or electronic formats.
Fig.1 “A Male Restroom Sign”

http://handtoolph.com/male-restroom-comfort-room-sign-board-245x9cm-philippines.html
1. What is the message of the text/message? Men are allowed inside.

2. What is the purpose of the message? To inform that only men are allowed.
3. How is the message conveyed by the text/image? By putting the image of a man and writing the
word male to signify what gender is asked or emphasized.
4. Who is the target audience? Everyone.
5. And what are the other ways of presenting the message? Writing the words/sentences completely
that the males are allowed inside or the restroom is for males only.
Now it’s your turn!
1. What is the message of the text/message? ________________________________________
2. What is the purpose of the message? _______________________________________________
3. How is the message conveyed by the text/image? ________________________________
4. Who is the target audience? ________________________________________________________
5. And what are the other ways of presenting the message? _______________________
Firming Up (Activity)
1. Analyze the advertisement using the Key Concept questions

as a guide. What are your interpretations of the advertisement?
Did it also brought out a negative connotation? What is the pur-
pose of the advertisement? (Write a two paragraph with five
sentences each paragraph answer.)
Guide Questions:
1. What are your observations or generalizations on how texts and/or images are presented? Answer in atleast 250
words.
2. In what ways should media present texts/images about various cultures? Answer in atleast 250 words.
Assignment
Think of a cause-oriented event that will address an issue in your locality. Prepare a video presentation of a multimodal
advertisement for that event, send it to my email.
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
References:
Wakat, G. et al. (2018). Purposive Communication. LORIMAR Publishing. pp. 2-6
Image from ntelt.com/paraphrasing-tips-in-academic-writing-2
Drew, C. (2020). All 8 Models of Communication Explained!.

Retrieved from http://helpfulproffesor.com/communication-modes/
Wilkinson, B. (2019). Models of Communication [PowerPoint slide].

Retrieved from http://slideplayer.com/slide/13969049
Bussinesstopia. (2018). Models of Communication. Retrieved from http://www.businesstopia.net/communication
Cherry, K. (2020). Types of Non-verbal Communication.

Retrieved from http://verywellmind.com/types-of-non-verbal-communication-2795397
Integrated Learning Resources Material Version 1.0.(2019).Purposive Communication [pdf].

Retrieved from http://scribd.com/document/434142454/purposive-communication
Video: Wiring a Web for Global Good” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y7rrJAC84FA
Image from: https:/www.moneycrashers.com/create-keep-manufacturing-jobs-america/
Rawther, T. (2016). Cultural Relativism: A dangerous, foolish path.

Retrieved from https://medium.com/@twt_theProject/human-are-vast-in-spectrum-in-culture-and-in-practices-some-
are-beautiful-artistic-meaningful-1dd499b742b7
Pointpark University. (2017). 7 Cultural Differences in Non-verbal Communication.

Retrieved from https://online.pointpark.edu/business/cultural-differences-in-nonverbal-communication/
Buer, R. (2019). Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language [PowerPoint slide].
Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/RyanBuer/varieties-and-registers-of-spoken-and-written-language-
200284234
R.O. (2014). Conyospeak: Filipino Pidgin [blogpost].

Retrieved from http://beingfilipinoonwrongsideoftown.blogspot.com/2014/06/conyospeak-filipino-pidgin.html
Stephen, H. & Guillaume, B.(2001). Computer Pidgin Language: A New Language to Talk to Your Computer?.
Retrieved from https://www.freeonlineresearchpapers.com/philippine-gay-language-pidgin
Lewis, M.W. (2016). Chavacano: A Spanish-Based Creole Language of the Philippines.

Retrieved from http://www.geocurrents.info/cultural-geography/linguistic-geography/chavacano-a-spanish-based-
creole-language-of-the-philippines
ONE HOUR TRANSLATION. (2013). The Major Languages of the Philippines.
Retrieved from https://www.onehourtranslation.com/translation/blog/major-languages-philippines
Foreign Language Teaching Method https://coerll.utexas.edu/methods/modules/culture/02/texts.php, May 28, 2018
Examining Culture as Text, http://www.engagingcommunities.org/proposing-the-ethnographicresearch-project/3a-

examining-culture-as-text/ May 28, 2018
Types of Text, https://www.eduplace.com/state/author/jdcooper.pdf May 28, 2018

Republic of the Philippines
BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY
Main Campus
Tagbilaran City
College of Teacher Education
Vision: A premiere S&T university for the formation of world-class and virtuous human resource for sustainable development in Bohol and the country.
Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields;
undertake research and development, and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the country.
Compilation of Topics and

Activities for Purposive
Communication
Chapter 2: Communication Aids
and Strategies Using Tools of
Technology
Chapter 3: Communication for
Various Purposes
Lesson/Week 1-6
(Midterm)
Prepared by:
Ma. Jeane Franz b. Mascardo
English Instructor
CHAPTER 2 Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology
Lesson 1 – Multimedia Presentation

 Identify what is Multimedia and its forms.
 Evaluate the pros and cons of using multimedia.
 Correlate multimedia and its function towards improving education.
 Create own multimedia presentation showcasing their culture.
Engaging
Watch the video “The World’s Worst Research Presentation” (https://www.presentation-guru.com/the-worlds-worst-

research-presentation/) and the answer the following questions in 250 words.
1. What are your impressions about the research presentation?
2. What makes the presentation worst?
3. In what ways can the presentation be improved?
Concept Grounding
Communication is driven by technology in today's digital society. In order to make communication more effective, it is
important to know how technology operates, what purposes it can fulfill, and how it can be used efficiently and
effectively to accomplish clear goals to the communication process.
What is Multimedia?
Multimedia refers to the contents that use a combination of different media forms; multimedia includes a combination
of text, audio, graphics, animation, video, or any similar interactive content. Presentation using a single medium will not
be as effective. The different forms of media can be used to present an organized detailed explanation. This makes a
presentation attractive interesting and more understandable.
Pros of Using Multimedia
 Increases learning effectiveness

 Gains and holds attention
 More appealing
 Easy to use
 Give up to date information to individuals
 Provides high quality of presentations
 Multi-sensorial
 Integrated and interactive
 Can be used as a wide variety of audience
 Entertaining and educational
 Provides opportunity to learn anytime and anywhere
The pedagogical value of multimedia is that it incorporates the inherent information processing capacities that we
already possess as human beings. Our eyes and ears, in conjunction with our brain, are a formidable device for turning
senseless data into information. The old saying that "a picture is worth a thousand words" sometimes understates the
case, particularly when it comes to moving pictures, because our eyes are highly adapted by evolution to detect and
perceive movement.
Cons of Using Multimedia
 Expensive
 Not always ready to configure
 Requires special hardware
 Not always compatible
 Takes time to compile
 Information overload
 Misuse and/or overuse of information
 Limitations of technology
Multimedia includes high-quality computer systems. Audio, images, animation and, in particular, video, constitute a
significant amount of data that slows down or may not even fit in a low-end device. Unlike simple text files generated in
word processing, multimedia packages need high-quality computers. A major drawback to writing multimedia
courseware is that it will not be available to a significant portion of its intended users unless they have access to
multimedia-enabled devices. Of this purpose, developers of course ware will think very carefully about the type of
multimedia elements that need to be integrated into applications and include only those that have significant value.
Multimedia in Education
The growth of information and communication technology (ICT) in society is expressed in policies to promote the use of
ICT in education and the advancement of multimedia education. As the position of multimedia education increases, it is
increasingly important to have an understanding of the potential it brings to teaching and learning. Students who have
access to modern methods and techniques of education in their home through computers, digital learning, etc. will also
have different and more ability to develop these innovations by using them in the school education system. In order to
apply multimedia to education, students must have adequate knowledge of the use of multimedia resources.
Preparing Multimedia Presentation
In preparing multimedia presentations from various communication purposes, it is important to consider the following:
A. Characteristics of Multimedia Presentations
1. Multimedia presentations are visually focused (displayed on a monitor or projected on a screen).
2. They allow users to use different modalities such as:
 Text
 Graphics
 Photograph
 Audio
 Animation
 Video
3. Allow special features of computer-based presentations
 Custom navigation (linking) between slides, to other media and the Internet
 Can be made into hard copy printouts or transparencies.
 Can be uploaded to the Web
B. Steps in Making Effective Multimedia Presentations
1. Know the purpose of the presentation
2. Know the audience
3. Gather information
4. Use a variety of resources such as:
a) Textbooks
b) Digital Resources
 Photographs
 Scanned images, student work
c) Internet
5. Do not forget to cite sources.

a) Write the author’s name, title of the work and date of publication.
b) Include the website or Web page address of the source.
c) In general, non-profit educational use of online materials for a lecture qualifies as “fair-use” but it is better to
ask the author’s permission to use such materials.
d) Always have full bibliographic references for all citations.
6. Organize the information.
a) List the main points

b) Have only one main idea per slide
c) Present ideas in a logical order.
d) Place important information near the top.
7. Check technical issues.
a) Contrast
 Dark text on light background
 White text on dark background
b) Use only one design and color scheme throughout the slide presentation.
c) Avoid clutter.
d) Avoid patterned or textured backgrounds
e) Use large font size (minimum 18 pts)
f) Use fonts that are easy to read. Don’t use fancy fonts.
g) Don’t use more than two types of fonts.
h) Avoid too much text. Don’t use the presentation as your notes.
i) Use no more than 3 or 4 bullets per slide.
8. Be creative
a) Use transitions and animations to add interest

b) But don’t overdo it!
From the above sections, it is very clear that using multimedia in communication as well as education plays an
extraordinary role in improving communication specifically during the teaching and learning process in comparison with
the traditional way.
In what ways can be the different forms of communication (intrapersonal, interpersonal, small group, public, and mass)
be enhanced with the aid of technology? Write your answers on the space provided. (250 words)
Assignment
Feature one of your cultural practices through a multimedia presentation. Observe the guidelines for creating
multimedia presentation.
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.

& Formatting color, bold, italic) have been carefully planned been carefully planned difficult to read the material.
been carefully planned to enhance readability to complement the
confident.
Lesson 2 – Blogging

 Identify what is a blog?
 Enumerate effective ways on how to introduce and create a blog.
 Create a blog promoting one’s unique culture and tradition.
Concept Grounding
In today's digital world, blogging has become one of the most effective means of communication and networking among
students, professionals, businessmen, public officials, etc. In other words, blogging has become an indispensable
medium for communication. Similarly, blogging can be used effectively for academic purposes. According to Richardson
(2006), the use of blogs has become an appealing and successful means of encouraging the writing skills of primary
students, especially when peers give input on the blog.
A simplified version of weblogs, blogs are personal journal websites where users can type an entry and add photos,
videos and links to other websites. Typically, blog visitors will make comments. Those who post blogs are called
“bloggers”.
Bloggers also write from a specific viewpoint that helps them to relate directly to their followers. In fact, most blogs do
have a "comments" section where readers can follow the author. Interacting with the followers in the comments section
helps to better bind the author to the public.
A clear relation to the user is one of the key advantages to beginning a blog. This interaction helps you to communicate
and discuss your thoughts with other like-minded individuals. It also enables you to build trust with your readers.
Getting the confidence and affection of your readers would also open the path to make money from your writing, which
is something I would explore later in this guide.
Should you start a ?
One of the misconceptions about starting a blog is that you need to be a great writer to succeed. Nothing could have
been further from the truth. Users are reading web posts to get a personal view on issues, and most writers are blogging
in a very casual and conversational manner. Therefore, in order to have a good blog, you don't need to be an authority
on your topic. For eg, readers of a cooking blog don't want to read a food scientist's textbook, they want to know the
observations of someone who really cooked some real recipes, faults, and all.
“To be successful as a blogger there is really just one requirement: a passion for your
topic.”
Blogging is at the core of communicating your information with the community. Choosing a topic that you're excited
about makes it so much simpler to launch a good site. Thinking on more than one topic is all right, too. As long so you
blog about stuff you're genuinely involved in, your curiosity can come through and hold your readers engaged.
So why would you go to the trouble of blogging? There are a few reasons:
 Make money from home. Blogging may be very profitable if it's handled correctly. Obviously, the best bloggers
in the world are making quite a bit, but only a part-time blogger may hope to make a decent profit if things are
handled properly. The best part of it all is that blogging is a kind of passive income, so you can spend only a few
hours a week writing a blog post and just keep making money out of it even after the blog post is finished.
 Share your story. A forum helps you to create a presence and to be noticed. When you like, you will share your
story with the whole planet. One of the most popular forms blogs are used is as a forum where bloggers post
about their everyday life so that colleagues, relatives, and others will all be aware of their lives.
 Recognition for yourself or your business. No, you certainly won't be pursued by paparazzi because of your
most recent blog entry. But a good blog will render your concept a possibility, so you will gain a lot of exposure
in your profession. Most bloggers are recognized as experts only because of their posts, and some have also
received book and movie offers dependent on their comments.
 Find a community. Blogging in the heart is social. You’re writing a blog post and people are talking about it.
Facebook is a perfect place to stay in contact with people who are involved in the same stuff as you are. Blogging
helps you to educate other individuals on the grounds of your knowledge, and it offers you the ability to hear
from your followers.
The good news is that the world is overflowing with innovation right now. Further citizens are connected than ever
before. This surge in development implies more future followers for your blog. In brief, if you're talking of beginning a
journal, there's no better time than right now.
How to Start a Blog in 6 Steps
1. Pick a blog name. Choose something descriptive out from your topic. Topics like your hobbies &passions, or your life
experiences or it could be just a personal blog (all about yourself). A good blog name should be descriptive so that
potential readers can instantly tell what your blog is all about just from the name.
2. Get your Blog online. Register your blog and get hosting. To get your blog up and running, you need two things: blog
hosting and blogging software. The good news is that these typically come packaged together. A blog host is a company
that stores all of the files for your blog and delivers them to the user when they type in your blog name. You also need to
have the software to build your blog.
3. Customize your blog. Choose a free template and tweak it. You can choose a theme and design based from the topic
of your blog.
4. Write & Publish your blog. The fun part!
5. Promote your blog. Get more people to read your blog by spending some time promoting it, especially when you first
start? Here are the following things that you can do:
a. Alert your inner circle

b. Use social media
c. Comment on other blogs
d. Engage with your readers
e. Collaboration with other bloggers
f. Create a email list
g. Submit to search engines so they can include your blog in their search results.
6. Make money by blogging. Choose from several options to monetize your blog. One way is you can accept sponsors
and advertisements.
Looking for some free blog sites to help you start sharing your writing with the world?
Whether you just want to share updates with your family and friends or you want to start a blog and build a broader
audience, here are nine great sites where you can start a blog for free.
1. WordPress (www.wordpress.org)
Here’s what the WordPress interface looks like when creating a new post:
WordPress.org is the Queen of Online Blogging. It's a free website, so much of the time you ought to create the web
yourself afterwards. You've even got to run the program yourself. Although you might find some free WordPress
hosting, a smarter long-term approach is to pay a modest sum to a good WordPress host.
2. Wix (www.wix.com)
The Wix interface:
Wix is a free website creator that can be fully controlled from the front end. The main feature of this platform is that it
comes with drag-and - drop options, so you don't have to handle anything in the back-end. The interface is really simple
and modern, and can be used for both novice and experienced consumers. The good thing about Wix is that it provides
free storage, and you only need to organize the templates, choose a template, and you're all set up. It offers a great
range of free and paid themes and models for a number of uses, including blogging.
3. Weebly (www.weebly.com)
The Weebly interface:
Weebly is another website creator that you can use not only to blog but also to sell items or to highlight your portfolio. It
is very identical to Wix to the point that it adds drag-and - drop features to the WYSIWYG user. If you choose to attach a
click, you may simply drag it to the list and configure it. The same is true in photo libraries, slideshows, and other
graphical features. Weebly offers sidebars, media boxes, shapes, ad spaces, social networking symbols, email delivery,
and more. In fact, the software comes with built-in analytics and enables you to create your own personalized domain
(which you need to pay for).
4. Medium (www.medium.com)
The interface at Medium:

Medium is a multipurpose forum that covers a number of subjects, where anybody with an account can publish. Unlike
most other free blogging platforms, the major benefit of Medium is that the posts can be published to a large audience
because the website is viewed by 60 million people a month (and the figure grows every year ). It’s super simple to use –
you pretty much just sign up and start writing. But the downside is that all your content is on Medium. That is, you’re
not really building your own “space” like you would with WordPress.
5. Ghost (www.ghost.org)
The Ghost interface:
It is another WordPress-like writing site. Although Ghost applications can be downloaded for free, you need paid fuel
hosting. DigitalOcean is a fantastic service that helps Ghost: it's inexpensive and comes with a lot of nice apps to get you
going. It's quick to build a post in Ghost once you set up your website. The editor is quick and lightweight, and gives a
live overview of the text on the right side of the computer.
6. Blogger (www.blogger.com)
The interface at Blogger:

Blogger is one of the oldest free blog sites, though its popularity has dipped in recent years. It’s a solid solution
for personal blogs, but it’s not the best resource for professional use. It works just like the other hosted platforms: you
need to create an account first in order to use it. After you create it (which is simple), you have to pick one of the default
themes and you can start writing your thoughts down. This platform has an interface similar to a Google+ profile and the
editor looks like a Word page. After you create it (which is simple), you have to pick one of the default themes and you
can start writing your thoughts down. This platform has an interface similar to a Google+ profile and the editor looks like
a Word page.
Blogger delivers a bunch of themes to choose from, each providing different skins, advanced color filtering, and various
minimalist gadgets (aka widgets). But nothing too fancy or any advanced design customization. In general, Blogger has
simple appearance options, so the focus stays more on the writing part. A nice part about this site is that it comes with
ad spaces that you can place within your content pieces.
7. Tumblr (www.tumblr.com)
The Tumblr interface:
Tumblr is one of the first online blogging platforms on the internet. It's only a bit 'milder' than the ones on the chart. Like
the majority of the sites that are mainly developed for publication purposes, this one is more multimedia-like or social
media-like. The Tumblr interface is more playful and easy to get started – you can just sign up and then you'll be allowed
to start posting.
Much as a standard blogging site, it offers multiple post templates for increasing content styles. The problem about
Tumblr is that it's solely for personal usage, so that wouldn't be a perfect option if you had business-oriented plans. It's
quick, it offers easy customization options and, as I mentioned earlier, it has a more social networking feel.
8. Joomla (www.joomla.org)
The Joomla interface:
Joomla is close to WordPress.org though not as apparent when comparing free web sites out there. Unlike WordPress,
the app is safe, but it requires hosting and a domain. As in the WordPress scenario, we suggest Bluehost as it is both
really inexpensive and secure (including a free domain). In general, Joomla provides a versatile framework that can be
used not only for forums, but also for more specific websites (you can select from a range of models and plugins to
incorporate custom features).
When it comes to ease of usage, the framework includes an old-school editor, which still looks like Microsoft Word.
Requires you to pick the font, colour, scale, emoticons, tables, or context. I mean, the resources in the menu can help
you feel like you're in a Word browser. The writer of Joomla is tabbed. The first tab is the standard messaging window
per se, so you need to adjust the tabs to pick post types, names, ages, meta descriptions, keywords, etc.
9. Jimdo (www.jimdo.com)
The Jimdo interface:
Jimdo is more than just an example of a free blogging platform. However, blogs are more preferred in its free edition,
despite Jimdo's simple features. And you can easily build a site with Jimdo by running over a few things (you take a
simple questionnaire about the intent of your blog). After you have checked these options, your site will be created
automatically based on your choices. The downside of Jimdo is that you can't have a custom domain (at least not free of
charge) and you can't remove ads unless you upgrade.
A significant feature of Jimdo, however, is that it's a page builder: you generate blog posts straight from the front-end
and not from the editor (like most blogs do). This ensures that you need to go to every content box on a live website and
change it on-site, without getting diverted on another tab. You will change the footer and emblem the same way. When
it comes to interface items, you have a few options: plain text, picture text, photo gallery, columns, buttons, etc.
Upon making a blog, here are a few ways of introducing and marketing your blog to attract more readers (Pollock, 2020):
 Be short and direct

 Ask a thought-provoking question
 Ask a multiple-choice question
 Share a shocking fact or statistic
 Share something personal
 Withhold a compelling piece of information
 Refute conventional wisdom
 Lead with a success story
 Start with a readers questions
 Share quote
A. If you are going to introduce yourself through a blog, how will you make the beginning appealing to your readers?
Write your own example of an interesting introduction to your blog. (answer in 200 words)
B. Guide Question: How can you use blogging to promote harmonious interpersonal relationship with people in your
own circles (friends, family, church, etc.)? Answer in 250 words.
Assignment
Feature a tradition that is unique in your own community through a blog post.
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Rubric for Creating a Blog

Category 5 4-3 2 1 Score
Purpose My blog has a clear The purpose of my My blog is mostly My blog appears to be about
purpose to share and blog is to share about one topic, but unconnected topics and events.
collect opinions and information and my sometimes I get off the
information about an opinions about an subject.
important and important topic.
interesting topic.
My blog is fair and My blog is fair. I refer I try to be fair in my I only present one viewpoint on
balanced. I refer to to information from blog, but the my topic. I do not draw
information from a more than one information I present conclusions about the research,
variety of viewpoints viewpoint and draw is missing critical but just repeat what other
Content and draw original conclusions based on content. I try to draw sources have said about the
conclusions based on my research. conclusions, but topic.
my research. sometimes my
conclusions are not
based on research.
I gather extensive I gather information Most of the The information on my blog is
information from a from some reliable information on my my opinion, without any
variety of reliable sources outside the blog comes from my sources to back it up.
Sources sources outside the classroom. I cite all of opinions. I cite only
classroom. I cite my my sources with no or one or two sources, or
sources correctly. very few minor errors. my citations have
numerous errors.
My writing engages I think about what my I try to think about my I rarely think about how my
my readers. I ask good readers want to know readers and answer readers will respond to my
questions and describe and write my blog their questions, but blog. I write about what is
Audience interesting ideas to get entries to answer their most of the time I just interesting to me or is easy to
my readers to questions and write about what I am find.
respond. concerns. interested in or what is
easy to find.
My writing shows my My writing shows that My writing sometimes My writing sounds like I am
personality and I care about the topic I shows that I care completing an assignment
Voice reflects a deep am writing about in about the topic. without caring about the topic.
commitment to the my blog.
topic of my blog.
My writing style is I write so my readers I try to write so my My writing is confusing and
interesting and can understand. Any readers can often does not make sense to
appropriate for my errors in conventions understand, but my readers.
readers. I have no do not take away from sometimes my writing
Writing errors in grammar, what I am saying. does not make sense
spelling, punctuation, because of errors in
capitalization, or conventions.
sentences.
I include blog features, I include blog features, I include some blog I do not include any extra blog
such as graphics, such as graphics, features, such as features, or the features I
photos, and links, to photos, and links. graphics, photos, and include do not make sense.
Extra Features enhance what I am links, but sometimes
saying and to they take away from
persuade my readers. the purpose of my
blog.
I use language and I use language and I try to use language I do not try to use language and
blog features to blog features to and blog features to blog features in surprising
communicate my communicate my communicate my ways.
message in surprising message in interesting message in surprising
Creativity and unusual ways. ways. ways, but sometimes
my attempts just take
away from the
purpose.
CHAPTER 3 Communication for Various Purposes
Lesson 1: Informative, Persuasive, and Argumentative Communication
 Identify the three main purpose of communication.

 Convey ideas through oral, audio-visual, and/or web-based presentations for different target audiences in local
and global settings using appropriate registers.
 Adopt awareness of audience and context in presenting ideas
 Create a public service announcement regarding environmental disaster preparedness employing the concepts
of informative, persuasive and argumentative communication.
Concept Grounding
Communication is made for a number of purposes. The way the messages are sorted depends very much on the sender's
intention. In a store, a sales person guarantees that customers are purchasing the way a commodity is advertised. The
news anchor provides information in such a way that all the facts are clearly stated, eliminating words that could cause
confusion. On the other hand, the criminal lawyer must draw up his arguments, supported by the facts, in order to
convince the judge and the jury.
Three Common Purposes of Communication
A. INFORMATIVE COMMUNICATION
Informative dialog requires offering rather than telling. For an insightful communicator, you want the receivers to pay
attention and learn, but not to alter their behavior. Through exchanging knowledge, misunderstanding is minimized or,
better yet, removed. The informational importance of the communication is determined by how novel and important
the material is or the level of understanding that the recipient receives.
Osborn (2009) purports that informative communication arises out of three deep impulses:
 We seek to expand our awareness of the world around us.
 We seek to become more competent.
 We have an abiding curiosity about how things work and how they are made.
When preparing for an informative exchange, ask yourself the following questions:
1. Is my question worthy of mention to be deemed informative?

2. What do my recipients already know about my subject?
3. What else do they need to know about the topic?
4. Am I well familiar with my topic to make my recipients appreciate it?
Tips in doing an informative presentation
a) Stick to the facts.

b) Avoid repetition.
c) Make it clear.
Examples:
a. reports b. lectures c. seminars d. demonstrations
B. PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION
Persuasive Communication is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of view. There are many
things you need to consider during a persuasive communication:
 It provides a choice among options

 Advocates something through a speaker
 Uses supporting material to justify advice
 Turns the audience into agents of change
 Asks for strong audience commitment
 Gives importance to the speaker’s credibility
 Appeals to feelings
 Has higher ethical obligations
Tips in doing a persuasive presentation
a) Be objective, but subjective.

b) Use your brain, not your heart.
c) Cite, cite, cite.
Examples:
a. TV Commercial b. Periodical advertisement c. billboards
C. ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
Argumentative Communication depends strongly on clear proof and logic. The essence of the proof has been researched
since the Golden Age of Greece and has been strengthened over time. According to Aristotle, the three main types of
evidence are logos, ethic and pathos. In our day, however, several academics have verified the existence of a fourth
element of evidence, myths, which imply that we react to refer to the customs and beliefs of our society and to the
legends and folk tales that represent it.
Tips in doing an argumentative presentation
a) It is a one way debate.

b) Move the reader to action.
c) End with a punch.
Examples:
a. debates b. meeting de avance
A. What is the difference between an informative communication and a persuasive communication? Which do you think
is more challenging in terms of preparation and delivery? Explain in 250 words.
B. In the table, list essential preparations when communicating to inform, to persuade, and to argue. (List atleast 5)
To Inform To Persuade To Argue

C. What ethical considerations must one bear in mind when informing, persuading or arguing? Answer in 200 words.
Assignment
Through a video, create a public service announcement regarding environmental disaster preparedness. Employ the
concepts learned about informative, argumentative and persuasive communication.
Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Rubric for Diagram Completion

Organization Extremely well- Organized Somewhat organized Poorly
organized. Order structure allows structure allows reader organized. A
and structure of reader to move to move through some clear sense of
information is through content of te content without direction is not
compelling and without confusion. confusion. Flow is evident. Flow is
flows smoothly Flows smoothly. sometimes interrupted. frequently
interrupted.
Thorough and Complete Shows some Shows
insightful understanding of understanding of incomplete
Content
understanding of content content understanding
content of material
Insightful and Ideas are Ideas are somewhat on Ideas are
well considered considered more topic; makes some unclear few
ideas making than one connections connections
Ideas
multiple thoughtful
connection connection is
made
Rubric for Video Presentation
The presentation The presentation was easy to The presentation was The presentation was
was very easy to follow. not easy to follow. difficult to follow due
Organization follow. to disorganization of
the utterances.
The student The student made a few The student made It was hard to
communicated well mistakes in vocabulary and some mistakes in understand due to
Accuracy of
using correct grammar but there were no vocabulary and incorrect use of
language use vocabulary and patterns of errors grammar. vocabulary and
grammar. grammar.
The student clearly The student seemed to The student clearly The student did not
understood the understand the main points understood most show an adequate
Understanding topic in-depth and of the topic and presented aspects of the topic understanding of the
of topic presented his/her those with ease. and presented topic.
information his/her information
convincingly. with ease.
All information Most information presented Most information Most of the
Accuracy of presented in writing in writing was clear, accurate presented in writing information was
information was clear, accurate and thorough. was clear, but was inaccurate or not
and thorough. not usually accurate. clear.
The student was The student was able to The student was able The student was
able to accurately accurately answer most to accurately answer unable to accurately
answer almost all questions posed by audience a few questions answer questions
Comprehension questions posed by about the topic posed by audience posed by audience
audience about the about the topic. about the topic.
topic.
Lesson 2: Public Speaking

 Identify the different guidelines that you need to consider in delivering the different modes of speech.
 Compare and contrast the different modes of delivering a speech
 Deliver a message effectively through a recorded video.
Engaging
Share your own interpretation of the quote. Weigh whether you agree or disagree and justify your answer in three
sentences.
1. “Your ability to communicate with others will account for fully 85% of your success in your business and in your life.”
– Brian Tracy
2. “Ninety percent of how well the talk will go is determined before the speaker steps on the platform.” – Somers White
3. “Courage is resistance to fear, mastery of fear—not absence of fear.” – Mark Twain
Concept Grounding
You possibly made a speech to an audience once, twice, or three times in high school in the form of papers, research
articles, or imaginative speeches, or you may have read bible scriptures in worship. How did the encounter help you
sound like that? If practice has made you want to talk more in public or have rendered you comfortable, then you
belong among the few who do not hate public speaking or have conquered it. Whether the encounter has made you
thinking the reverse, you’re not alone. Jerry Seinfield was quoted saying:
“According to most studies, people’s number one fear is public speaking. Number two is death. Death is number two.
Does that sound right? This means to the average person, if you go to a funeral, you’re better off in the casket than
delivering a eulogy.”
Fear of public speaking is, thus, popular to most citizens, however given this; others have found public speaking their
ticket to success. This concept was conveyed by Brian Tracy in his paragraph below.
“Your ability to communicate with others will account for fully 85% of your success in your business and in your life.”
Apparently, what counts is your response to the terror of public speaking. How are you going to cope with fear? Mark
Twain notes, "Courage is resilience to terror, control of fear — not lack of fear."
Your understanding of the anxiety of speaking in public is a strong starting point. In your understanding, you understand
that you need to take steps to conquer your anxiety.
You will still require a good justification to resolve the terror. Although it is possible that not all occupations include
public speaking abilities, you will find that public speaking is an important ability in your academic life. For other
industries, such as industry, college, mainstream media, etc., public speaking abilities are often a prerequisite. Public
communication capabilities are an asset of certain other occupations. Most notably, public speaking has long been a
platform for advocacy that paved the way for social and political reform.
At this point, you would have agreed that public speaking is quite important to your scholarly, professional and personal
life.
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Public speaking is a process of speaking in structures, deliberate manner to inform, influence or entertain an audience.
SPEECH
Speech is the term used to refer to the body spoken expressions of information and ideas. A speech may be delivered in
any of the following modes: read from a manuscript, memorized and delivered extemporaneous or impromptu. The
choice of mode of speech delivery is determined by factors such as length of preparation, complexity of message,
purpose and occasion.
Eight Things You Should be Doing When Delivering a Speech
There are a few important items you ought to do to give a speech well. It's not enough to only get a brilliant written
message. It's the presentation that can help things click with the crowd.
1. Sound Conversational
In order to be credible and to draw the interest of your audience, it is necessary to talk in a conversational voice. To
sound conversational, imagine that you are presenting your speech to just one person, such as your grandma or a valued
acquaintance. Instead of reading word for word to the listeners on what's in the story, consider talking to them. Talk
with them in the same manner as you might say a good friend of yours a tale about an incident in your day.
2. Project Your Voice
You will strive to project your speech to maintain this projection running during the talk. Some people have a voice that
is inherently gentle. Others were programmed to sound in very weak tones. However, and without a microphone,
people at the back of the room will always be able to understand you. The projecting of the speech is not the same as
the crying. The voice is created by the diaphragm power of the intake. This breathing enhances the strength of the
speech and the capacity to hold it in a wide space. Avoid the tendency to slip into a low tone. The projection of your
voice gives energy to your expressions, demonstrates your personality, and makes you look more comfortable.
3. Make Eye Contact
It's extremely necessary to communicate with the people you 're talking to. At all, the most successful approach is to
maintain eye contact with them. Don't focus at one guy, but let your eyes drift across the room while you talk. A
successful practice I used is to direct my attention to the left of the room (left direct), then to the right of the room (right
focus) and finally to the middle of the room (center focus). My most relevant points and the beginning and end of my
speech are typically based. Eye contact means you 're comfortable, you know what you're thinking about, you 're
seeking to communicate and interact with the crowd.
4. Pace Yourself
Some people are talking too soon. Others are talking in a sluggish, pedantic manner, which is likely to give rise to their
crowd. Speed yourself, guy. This ensures that you strive not to talk too suddenly or too gradually. For inherently quick
speakers, calm down to make sure the listener listens to knows what you're doing. For quicker writers, my suggestion is
to speed up a little bit. Present your personality; be entertained, and the crowd would always be attracted to you.
5. Gesticulate
It’s important to use your hands the same way you will when you have a regular conversation. For a microphone, certain
people just cling on to it and fail to use their faces. Gesticulate provides naturalness; it helps you look more relaxed and
more assured to the audience. Resist the urge to cling to the podium. Let go of it.
6. Have Good Posture
Posture and body language are important to the transmission of effective speech. Stand upright; assume that each of
the vertebrae in the spine is lying on top of each other with the head on top of the last vertebrae. Don't want to slouch
or run. This is going to be annoying to the viewers. Look for a straight, relaxed posture.
7. Be Confident
Confidence is a central aspect of successful speech production. See any voice clips on Youtube and pay attention to what
the speakers have in common. They’re typically relaxed and communicating. Although, of course, you are not
comfortable, assume that you are. Believe it before you see so. The more relaxed air you create, the more second
nature it will feel to you. Go ahead, seek to tell me the score.
8. Speak Passionately
In the end, spend the expression with zeal. Be enthusiastic about your subject; display your excitement, don't be afraid
to chuckle, smile, be animated when giving your message. Work on your own. I hope the crowd would have more to do
for you than if you're out there reading fast from the document. They 're here to meet you and to connect with the
person you are. Tell them all.
These are the top 8 items I think you can do if you want to create an outstanding and entertaining execution. Strong luck
to you. Put them into action and let us see how you’ll be doing!
Modes of Delivering a Public Speech
Reading from a Manuscript
Reading from a document is necessary because the speech is lengthy and the specifics are difficult and important, such
that they need to be supplied in full. Reading is often acceptable when one is requested to give a written speech on
behalf of another speaker. Reading can be the least obstacle in public speaking, but the speaker could be fooled into
believing that no training is required. As a message is conveyed by reading, the energy, naturalness, and eye interaction
will be minimized as the eyes have to move from the text to the viewer, and vice versa.
Memorized Speech
Memorized expression requires that the speaker transfers it to memory. This form is ideal for brief texts, but it is often
used for lengthy stretches of oratorical, declamation and other literary competitions. Much as a read voice, a memorized
voice often presents a threat to naturalness. The worst experience one may have had when giving a memorized speech
is to forget the lines and not switch seamlessly to another method of presentation.
Extemporaneous Speaking
Extemporaneous speech can include a limited or long training period. The speaker can use an outline to direct him
through his speech in order to create better organization and avoid leaving out specifics. Nevertheless, unlike hearing,
extemporaneous speech allows the speaker to create statements when he is speech. Extemporaneous is a form utilized
by most lecturers and students. A strong extemporaneous speaker needs to be random.
Impromptu
Impromptu implies interacting at the speed of the moment. Although there is so little to no time to plan for impromptu,
the material and structure that suffers. Impromptu does not offer the right idea in the ideal manner, but it does pull
forth the most interesting words to convey at the time.
A. Using the table below, compare and contrast extemporaneous speaking to/from impromptu speaking by writing their
difference in their respective columns and their similarities in the middle column. (give atleast two for each similarities
and give the definition first)
IMPROMPTU SIMILARITIES EXTEMPORANEOUS

B. Do the same for read and memorized speech.
READ SIMILARITIES MEMORIZED
C. Which modes of speech delivery have the least application? Justify your answer in 3 sentences.
D. Which modes of speech delivery have the most application? Justify your answer in 3 sentences.
Guide Questions:
1. Has your attitude toward public speaking become more positive?
2. In a scale of 1-10 with 10 being the highest, what rating do you give yourself? Why?
3. In what area of public speaking do you feel you need the most improvement?
Assignment
A. Read with animation a 2-3 minute inspirational story. Film a video of yourself presenting a speech and send it to me
via Messenger.
(Rubrics will be given at the last page)
B. On your own:
1. Prepare topic outline of a highly relevant topic.

2. Deliver your extemporaneous speech.
3. Film a video of yourself presenting a speech and send it to me via Messenger.
(Rubrics will be given at the last page)

Rubrics & Criteria:
Rubric for a Read Speech

Category 10-8 7-5 4-3 2-1 Score
Maintained eye contact Maintained eye contact Inconsistent eye contact; Avoided eye contact
with the audience most of the time, somewhat engaged with the audience;
Eye Contact/
throughout the speech engaged audience most audience disengaged audience
Connection engaged audience of the time
throughout the speech
Fully developed topic/idea Developed topic/idea Some understanding of Vague sense of the
Content with unified substantial with unified supporting the topic with few topic or idea
supporting details details supporting details
Excellent command of the Good command of the Understandable Inaccurate words and
language, use varied and language, somewhat language yet lacks marked grammar
accurate words to express accurate and with few accuracy and with some errors that affect the
Language use ideas, and uses grammar errors grammar errors message
grammatically correct
expressions
Vocal clarity and Very clear and Clear and varied voice Somewhat clear and Monotonous and
appropriately varied voice varied voice lacks vocal clarity
dynamics
Rubric for a Extemporaneous Speech

Category 10-8 7-5 4-3 2-1 Score
Fully developed topic/idea with Developed topic/idea Some understanding of Vague sense of the
Content unified substantial supporting with unified the topic with few topic or idea
details supporting details supporting details
Excellent command of the Good command of the Understandable Inaccurate words and
language, uses varied and language, somewhat language yet lacks marked with
Language use accurate words to express accurate and with few accuracy and with some grammar errors that
ideas, grammatically correct grammar errors grammar errors affect the message
expressions
Very natural and spontaneous Natural and Somewhat natural with Marked with long
Spontaneity and
with appropriate pauses spontaneous with some awkward pauses awkward pauses
naturalness some awkward pauses
Vocal clarity and Very clear and appropriately Clear and varied voice Somewhat clear and Marked with long
varied voice varied voice awkward pauses
dynamics
Maintains eye contact with Maintain eye contact Inconsistent eye Avoids eye contact
Eye contact/
audience throughout the most of the time contact with the audience
Connection speech
Very relevant and useful to the Relevant to the Somewhat relevant to Of little relevance to
Relevance of the
majority of the audience majority of the the majority of the the audience
chosen topic audience audience

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Rubrics for Quote Analysis

Category 5 4-3 2-1 Score
The quote is paraphrased The quote is somewhat The quote is not paraphrased correctly
and clearly explained. paraphrased and somewhat and not explained. Provides no support
Quote Analysis Provides excellent and clear, explained. Provides minimal or examples.
relevant support. support and examples.
Conventions and There are no grammatical There are minimal There are multiple grammatical errors.
errors. grammatical errors.
Skills
Little to no passive voice Some passive voice. Some Written in mostly passive voice. Too
Word Choice, Voice,
used. Sentence structure is sentence fragments or run- many sentence fragments or run-on
Style correct. on sentences. sentences.
Lesson 3: Making Inquiries

 Write effective letters of inquiry
 Create incident report template
 Provide information accurately
Engaging
Weigh whether you agree or disagree and justify your answer in three sentences.
1. You need not observe the writing conventions in writing e-mails.
2. English is the best language for interviews.
3. Emails are informal
4. Abbreviations are encouraged in emails.

You also contacted or called people to get the details you already wanted many times. Have you provided the details
you needed? Have you used the same vocabulary and sound in all your questions via phone calls and text messages?
You may even have answered questions from instant messages, emails, and phone calls. Are there moments that you
thought like the sound or language of the recipient or the writer of a message was inappropriate? Are you able to
provide the necessary details in a satisfactory manner?
Obtaining and providing knowledge is part of our everyday activities. Data offers an independent context for acts,
strategies and judgments. The skill of a person to locate knowledge allows him to save time and make well-informed
choices and behavior. Equally, sharing knowledge easily is an immense benefit to many.
Initializing
Find someone in your family or group of friends who can provide or who can help you find information about the
following:
1. The most popular brand of cellular phone in class.

2. The most visited site in the city.
3. The number of children born last year.
4. The number of visitors of Baguio City or your city last year.
5. The place that recorded the coldest temperature in the Philippines.
6. The most in demand word abroad.
7. The most expensive course in the university.
8. The ten highest paying jobs in the world.
9. The most popular cuisine in the world.
10. Five jobs that you can apply for after finishing your course.
Verify your answers by finding reliable internet sources or individuals.
Concept Grounding
A letter of inquiry is published anytime a person wants further knowledge regarding the goods, programs, internships,
scholarships or work openings provided by businesses , organizations or individuals. Inquiry letters are also submitted
when an individual has unique concerns that are not answered by the general knowledge accessible from brochures,
directories, commercials, classified advertising, etc.
The request may also be made in the form of a telephone or personal interview.
Depending on the immediacy and complexity of the need, one of these modes can prove more sensitive to your needs.
Both interviews and letters require accurate and effective usage of the language. They all need consistency, conciseness,
comprehension in language and courtesy. Although letters need proper spelling , punctuation, capitalization,
indentations, margins, etc., interviews need clarification of terms, accurate grammar, intonation and delay, spontaneity,
pleasing temperament, and confidence.
Content and Organization of Letter of Inquiry
Like every business report, the report of inquiry has the following specific parts:
A. Heading or Letterhead
B. Inside address
C. Salutation
D. Body of the letter
First Paragraph: It provides a context to your investigation, such as how, where and when you first learned the details.
state your purpose in one or two sentences.
Middle Paragraph: This segment will describe the details you are searching for.
Final Paragraph: Present your expectation from your addressee and thank him in advance for his constructive behavior.
E. Complimentary close
F. Signature
Format
The structure of the letter of inquiry fits either of the following types more widely used: plain block, semi-block or
changed block. The structure below displays the simple business letter material utilizing a flat block style.
.
,
Emails
Emails are seen more often today throughout the inquiry. Emails are common because of speed and convenience.
Generally, email communications are less structured than emails, but there are also standards of acceptable and
efficient email correspondence. The formality is defined by the identity and connection of the sender to the recipient,
the nature and purpose of the message to be received, and other aspects that influence the meaning of the
correspondence. For eg, it is more fitting to sound structured and professional in academic emails. The use of "wanna,
gonna" and abbreviations such as "tnx" and "gbu" and emoticons can be successful. In academic and other more
structured e-mails, the consistency and other characteristics that refer to company letters should be observed.
Note the following for more efficient e-mail correspondence (and even letters):
1. Be courteous. Courtesy is not just about welcoming, thanking, or using polite expressions. It also involves
remembering the emotions of the reader, which implies that the writer has to use the correct or optimistic
sound.
2. Keep communications as succinct and as simple as possible.
3. Proofread and spell-check before sending.
4. Provide a short but descriptive subject line. The subject line will help the receiver readily identify the content
type and the urgency of the message.
5. Although some parts of the email are optional, it is enabling to know all the other parts.
Below is the list of all the parts of an email. The style may vary depending on the system you use.
From: Jaylou J. Jose (Name of the person sending the email)
Sent: 26 May, 9:10 AM (Date and time)
To: Aaron C. Jacinto (Name of the person receiving the email)
CC: Maggy J. Jaime (Other person receiving the message)
Bcc: Luz D. Cruz (Another person receiving the email w/out the recipient
knowing)
Subject: Scholarship availability inquiry (Content (title) of the email)
Attachment: Form 137 (Document sent separately, not included in the email
(but attached)
Salutation: Dear Mr. Jose (Greeting or opening)
Body of the letter: (Message)
Closing: Sincerely yours, (Ending)
Name (email signature) (Name and title) Below the name of the sender, the
following information may be included: company and
address, telephone number, URL or website address
and social media link.
Interview
Interview is a special type of conversation. Interviews are categorized into various categories according to intent, but it is
necessary for all forms of interviews to collect the required details.
The interview needs real time between the interviewee and the interviewer.
Whoever the particular aim is, it is also helpful to incorporate the following suggestions while holding an interview.
Before the interview
 Remember that if you are seeking for information from people (e.g. interview for research), you are asking them
a favor; thus make appointments with your interviewee at their most convenient time.
 Prepare a list of questions.
During the interview
 Be punctual.
 Wear appropriate attire.
 Observe good manners.
 Observe good manners.
 Speak clearly and be attentive.
 If you have follow-up questions, ask politely. Ask the interviewee to validate your notes.
 Allow the interviewee sufficient time to answer.
 Rephrase questions to clarify vague points.
 Acknowledge answers of the interviewee to assure him of your attention.
 Graciously thank the interviewee for his time.
Parts of the Interview

 Opening – includes the initial contact of the interviewer and the interviewee. Rapport should be established by
creating positive impression. Although introduction might have been done during the appointment, introduce
yourself briefly.
 Body – includes several questions to achieve your specific objectives.
 Conclusion – includes expressing gratitude and hope of meeting the interviewee again in the future.
Answer the following questions in three sentences.
1. When is writing a letter of inquiry more advantageous than conducting an interview?

2. What can’t a letter of inquiry achieve that the interview can?
3. What determines the appropriateness of attire in interviews?
4. What are the factors that determine the formality level of tone in emails, letters and interview?
5. Do the principles of seeking information apply to giving information? Why?
6. When an interviewer shifts his tone from very formal to informal, or from English to Filipino, should the interviewee
shift also?
7. Regardless of formality level and medium, how should one communicate messages to the target individuals?
8. Illustrate the modified block and semi-block format of letters.

9. What are the optional parts of business letter? What is the content of each?
Assignment
A. Achieve the appropriate tone by revising the message below.
1. Boss, I missed work yesterday and I am worried about what I have to do when I get back. I was too sick to report for
work. Email me the soft copy of the transactions yesterday so I could prepare a report of it. Let me know if there are
other things I have missed due to my absence.
2. Hi Ma’am,
How are you doing? Here is my assignment for yesterday’s class. I am sending it via email because I am not certain if I
can attend our class. I’m terribly coughing if you don’t see me tomorrow, I am certainly very sick.
B. Write an email regarding an inquiry asking for more details about the public service announcement below and send it
to your teacher’s email. Print a copy of the same email on a short bond paper and submit it to your teacher.
10 slots available for scholarship grants for college education
Candidate requirements
Weighted average: 87
Age: 17-20
Combined Income of parents should not be more then P500,000 annually
Income Tax Return both parents
Benefits include the following:
100% free tuition and miscellaneous fees
P10,000 for book allowance
P10,000 allowance per semester

Rubrics & Criteria:

missing details.
times, errors are
readability.
eye.
Formal Email Rubric

Format is correct -- One part of the format is Two parts of the format Several parts (3 or
including email address, incorrect-- including are incorrect-- including more) of the format are
subject line, salutation, email address, subject email address, subject incorrect-- including
Salutation body, and closing. line, salutation, body, line, salutation, body, email address, subject
and closing. and closing. line, salutation, body,
and closing.
A proper salutation is Missing one component Missing two Missing three or more
used in the correct place. from the following: components from the components from the
Proper use of title, proper Proper salutation, proper following: Proper following: Proper
capitalization of the use of title, proper salutation, proper use salutation, proper use
Body(Content) name, and the proper use capitalization of the of title, proper of title, proper
of the colon or comma are name, or the proper use capitalization of the capitalization of the
all included. of the colon or comma. name, or the proper name, or the proper
use of the colon or use of the colon or
comma. comma.
Body includes at least one Missing one or two parts Missing three or four Missing five or more
complete paragraph. A outlined in the parts outlined in the parts outlined in the
clear idea is stated in each directions. directions and some of directions; the body
paragraph and conveyed the information does not include any
Closing to the reader. presented in the email paragraphs; the
Incorporates all 8 parts is unclear to the reader. information in the
outlined in the directions. email is unclear or
incomplete.
Proper closing and your Proper closing and Either closing or An attempt was made,
name are included with signature are included, signature is incorrect or but neither the closing
Diction (Word
proper punctuation and but no punctuation missing. nor the name are
Choice) capitalization. and/or capitalization are present or correct.
used.
Spelling, punctuation and Spelling, punctuation and Several errors with Many errors in spelling,
Grammar, grammar are mostly grammar are somewhat spelling, punctuation, punctuation, and
Mechanics, and correct or does not affect correct (3 major types of and grammar (4-6 grammar. Affects clear
Spelling the clear understanding of errors noted). major types of errors). understanding.
the email.
References:
Sitoula, P. (2015). Multimedia Presentation [PowerPoint slide].

Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/paribeshsitoula/multimedia-presentation-53057285
Nayef, B. (2015). The Disadvantages and Advantages of Using Multimedia in Education [pdf].
Retrieved from https://www.iasj.net/iasj?func=fulltext&aId=125056
Chow, S. (2020). How to Start A Blog in 2020: An Easy Free Step-By-Step Beginner’s Guide to Create A Blog in 20 Minutes.
Retrieved from https://www.theblogstarter.com/
10 Brilliant Examples of How to Open Your Blog Post with a Bang [blog post] by Michael Pollock
Retrieved from https://www.michaeldpollock.com/open-your-blog-post/
Tuca, A. (2020). 9 Best Free Blogging Sites to Build Your Blog for Free in 2020. Retrieved from
https://themeisle.com/blog/best-free-blogging-sites/
Hume, J. (2014). 8 Things You Should be Doing When Delivering a Speech. Retrieved from
https://humejohnson.wordpress.com/2014/10/22/8-things-you-should-be-doing-when-delivering-a-speech/
Wakat, G. et al. (2018). Purposive Communication. LORIMAR Publishing. pp. 2-6

Module For PurCom Prelim & Midterm

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Module For PurCom Prelim & Midterm

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Purposive Communication is a three- unit course that develops students communicative competence and

A. Communication Components, Principles, and Ethics

II. Communication Aids and Strategies Using Tools of Technology

III. Communication for Various Purposes

A. Informative, Persuasive, and Argumentative Communication

IV. Communication for Work Purposes

A. Communication for Teachers: Storytelling

V. Communication for Academic Purposes

Week Topic Learning Activities

Compilation of Topics and

Lesson 1 – Communication Components, Principles, and Ethics

Let’s Achieve These!

1. Why do people communicate?

2. Can you imagine a world with the absence of communication?

3. What do you think causes miscommunications and misunderstandings?

The Components of the Communication Process

a. Psychological Barriers - thoughts which hamper the receiver's interpretation of the message correctly.

c. Linguistic and Cultural Barriers - relates to language and its cultural meaning. Words in different cultures may mean

The Nine Principles of Effective Communication

Ethics is a branch of philosophy which focuses on human relations

2. Consider the result of communication

3. Value truth Image from ntelt.com/paraphrasing-

5. Do not falsify information

Rubrics & Criteria:

Rubric for Assessing Diagram

Lesson 2 – Communication Models

 Identify the different communications models and its characteristics.

In this lesson, we will discuss six common communication models namely:

Questions Component How to Analyze Example of Component

3. Berlo’s S-C-M-C-R Model

One Sentence Overview: The Osgood-Schramm model shows.

These eight stages of oral communication are the following:

4. Why do you think it is important to communicate with those around you?

5. In what ways do you and your friends communicate?

6. How can you improve your communication skills?

8. Where do you see communication going in the future?

Rubrics & Criteria:

Rubric for Essay Writing

Rubric for Assessing Diagram

Lesson 3: Types of Communication

 Identify the different types of communication according to mode and context.

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO MODE

It's a communication through signs

Types of Non-verbal Communication

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION ACCORDING TO CONTEXT

2. Interpersonal Communication – a communication between two or more people

a. Dyadic Communication – is a communication between 2 individuals in a personal relationship that is built up

TRADITIONAL MODES OF COMMUNICATION

Journal Prompts (Activity)

Activity: Creating an Analyzation of Your Communication Behavior

 What percentage of your waking day is involved in communication?

Rubric for Creating Comic Strip

Let’s Achieve These!

 Identify the different modes of exchanging information to one person or another.

Rubric for Essay Writing

Let’s Achieve These!

 Identify the connection between communication and globalization.

3. Discrimination and harassment

1. Review communication principles