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    Ce-106 Engineering Materials & Concrete Technology: Prepared by

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    muhammad haroon
    This document provides an overview of concrete technology and engineering materials. It defines concrete as a composite material made up of binding material, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Concrete is composed of cement, sand, gravel or crushed stone, and water. It lists many common uses of concrete in buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. The document also defines key components of concrete like Portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and admixtures. It discusses the hydration of cement and heat released during curing. In addition, it covers advantages and limitations of concrete, different types of concrete, and briefly outlines the history of concrete use over millions of years.

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    Ce-106 Engineering Materials & Concrete Technology: Prepared by

    Uploaded by

    muhammad haroon
    74 views8 pages
    This document provides an overview of concrete technology and engineering materials. It defines concrete as a composite material made up of binding material, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Concrete is composed of cement, sand, gravel or crushed stone, and water. It lists many common uses of concrete in buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. The document also defines key components of concrete like Portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and admixtures. It discusses the hydration of cement and heat released during curing. In addition, it covers advantages and limitations of concrete, different types of concrete, and briefly outlines the history of concrete use over millions of years.

    Original Title

    Lecture 1 (Concrete)

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    This document provides an overview of concrete technology and engineering materials. It defines concrete as a composite material made up of binding material, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Concrete is composed of cement, sand, gravel or crushed stone, and water. It lists many common uses of concrete in buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. The document also defines key components of concrete like Portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and admixtures. It discusses the hydration of cement and heat released during curing. In addition, it covers advantages and limitations of concrete, different types of concrete, and briefly outlines the history of concrete use over millions of years.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    74 views8 pages

    Ce-106 Engineering Materials & Concrete Technology: Prepared by

    Uploaded by

    muhammad haroon
    This document provides an overview of concrete technology and engineering materials. It defines concrete as a composite material made up of binding material, fine and coarse aggregates, and water. Concrete is composed of cement, sand, gravel or crushed stone, and water. It lists many common uses of concrete in buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures. The document also defines key components of concrete like Portland cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and admixtures. It discusses the hydration of cement and heat released during curing. In addition, it covers advantages and limitations of concrete, different types of concrete, and briefly outlines the history of concrete use over millions of years.

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    You are on page 1of 8

    CE-106 ENGINEERING MATERIALS &

    CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

    Prepared by: Dr Sajjad Wali Khan


    Assistant Professor,
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering &
    Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan

    1   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    Definition of Concrete
    “ Concrete is a composite material wherein a binding
    material mixed in water on solidification binds the
    inert particles of well graded fine and coarse
    aggregates” or
    “Concrete is a mixture of cement (7-16%), fine
    aggregates (28-35%), coarse aggregates (40-60%)
    and water (14-21%) and air (3-7%)”
    Cement èPowder
    Cement + Water èCement Paste
    Cement Paste + Fine Aggregate (FA) èMortar
    Mortar + Coarse Aggregate (CA) èConcrete
    Portland cement, water, sand, and coarse aggregate
    are proportioned and mixed to produce concrete
    suited for a particular job.
    Uses of Concrete
    Roads, Buildings, Bridges, Sidewalks, Runways,
    Canals, Mines, Tunnels, Dams, Sewer pipes,
    Railway ties, Manholes, Nuclear Installations etc.
    Use of Concrete versus Steel
    In the USA;
    Concrete consumption 5 times by weight of steel
    2   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    Other Countries;
    Concrete consumption exceeds 10 times by weight
    of steel
    More than 1 ton/year/person, Man consumes no
    material except water in such tremendous quantities
    Definition of Portland Cement
    Portland cement is the name given to the hydraulic
    cement obtained by intimately mixing together
    calcareous (limestone and chalk) and argillaceous
    (Silica, Alumina and iron oxide) or other silica-
    alumina and iron oxide bearing materials. Burning
    them at a clinkering temperature and grinding the
    resulting clinker.
    Definition of Fine Aggregate
    Normally called sand, this component can be natural
    sand or crushed stone, and represents particles
    smaller than 1/4".
    Therefore it can also be defined as the aggregate,
    which pass through Sieve No. 4, are called fine
    aggregate, and generally accounts for 30%-35% of
    the mixture.
    Definition of Coarse Aggregate
    May be either gravel or crushed stone. Makes up
    3   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    40%-45% of the mixture, comprised of particles
    greater than 1/4", therefore, the aggregate, which
    retain on Sieve No. 4 is called coarse aggregate.
    Definition of Admixtures
    Materials added in concrete (other than cement,
    water, FA and CA) to alter its properties are called
    admixtures. There are two types of admixtures:
    1)Chemical Admixtures (Obtained chemically;
    e.g. set retarders, set accelerators, air entraining
    admixtures, water reducers etc.)
    2)Mineral Admixtures (Available naturally; e.g.
    Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Blast Furnace Slag, Rice
    Husk Ash, Bagasse Ash etc.)
    Definition of Yield
    Yield is the volume of fresh concrete produced from
    known quantities of component materials, generally
    expressed in cubic yards or cubic meters.
    Hydration of cement
    Chemical reaction between cement and water is
    called hydration of cement.
    Heat of Hydration
    In common with many chemical reactions the
    hydration of cement compounds is exothermic and
    4   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    the quantity of heat (in joules) per gram of hydrated
    cement evolved upon complete hydration at a given
    temperature is defined as the heat of hydration.
    Assignment # 1 (Hydration and Heat of Hydration
    in detail)
    Advantages of Concrete
    ü Ability to be casted in any shape
    ü Fire resistant
    ü High durability and low maintenance cost
    ü Aesthetic properties with on-site fabrication
    ü Economical; the raw materials used in concrete
    production are cheap and widely available in
    great quantities
    ü Needs little or no finish for final treatments
    ü Chemically inert concrete doesn't require paint;
    natural-mineral pigments and colouring agents
    can be added during the mixing to provide a
    rainbow of options
    ü Can be reused or recycled; concrete can be
    reused with bituminous asphalt as road base
    materials, similarly can also be reused by
    crushing into aggregates for new concrete or as
    fill material for road beds or site works.
    5   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    Limitations/Disadvantages;
    ü Low tensile strength
    ü Low ductility
    ü Volume instability
    ü Low strength-to-weight ratio

    Types of Concrete
    ü Light weight Concrete, Heavy weight Concrete
    ü High-Strength Concrete
    ü High-Workability or Flowing Concrete
    ü Shrinkage Compensating Concrete
    ü Plain Cement Concrete (PCC)
    ü Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC)
    ü Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC)
    ü Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)
    ü Roller-Compacted Concrete
    ü Short-Crete

    6   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    History of Concrete
    Cement has been around for at least 12 million years. When
    the earth itself was undergoing intense geologic changes
    natural cement was being created. It was this natural cement
    that humans first put to use. Eventually, they discovered how
    to make cement from other materials.

    7   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     
    8   CE-­‐106  Engineering  Materials  &  Concrete  Technology  by  Dr  Sajjad  Wali  Khan  
     

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