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    Myopia and Delivery: Should Mode of Delivery Be in Uenced by Moderate and High Myopia?

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    This study examined the relationship between myopia and mode of delivery in Croatia over a 10-year period. The study included 574 myopic women who delivered during this time. The women were divided into groups based on the severity of their myopia: low (under -5 diopters), intermediate (between -5 and -7.75 diopters) and high (8 diopters or more). The rates of operative deliveries like c-sections and vacuum extractions varied significantly between the myopia groups and non-myopic women. High myopes had the highest rates of operative deliveries including c-sections and vacuum extractions, and the lowest rate of spontaneous deliveries. However, there is no evidence that retinal detach

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    Myopia and Delivery: Should Mode of Delivery Be in Uenced by Moderate and High Myopia?

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    This study examined the relationship between myopia and mode of delivery in Croatia over a 10-year period. The study included 574 myopic women who delivered during this time. The women were divided into groups based on the severity of their myopia: low (under -5 diopters), intermediate (between -5 and -7.75 diopters) and high (8 diopters or more). The rates of operative deliveries like c-sections and vacuum extractions varied significantly between the myopia groups and non-myopic women. High myopes had the highest rates of operative deliveries including c-sections and vacuum extractions, and the lowest rate of spontaneous deliveries. However, there is no evidence that retinal detach

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    This study examined the relationship between myopia and mode of delivery in Croatia over a 10-year period. The study included 574 myopic women who delivered during this time. The women were divided into groups based on the severity of their myopia: low (under -5 diopters), intermediate (between -5 and -7.75 diopters) and high (8 diopters or more). The rates of operative deliveries like c-sections and vacuum extractions varied significantly between the myopia groups and non-myopic women. High myopes had the highest rates of operative deliveries including c-sections and vacuum extractions, and the lowest rate of spontaneous deliveries. However, there is no evidence that retinal detach

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    67 views3 pages

    Myopia and Delivery: Should Mode of Delivery Be in Uenced by Moderate and High Myopia?

    Uploaded by

    Prinastiti Tia Setiawati
    This study examined the relationship between myopia and mode of delivery in Croatia over a 10-year period. The study included 574 myopic women who delivered during this time. The women were divided into groups based on the severity of their myopia: low (under -5 diopters), intermediate (between -5 and -7.75 diopters) and high (8 diopters or more). The rates of operative deliveries like c-sections and vacuum extractions varied significantly between the myopia groups and non-myopic women. High myopes had the highest rates of operative deliveries including c-sections and vacuum extractions, and the lowest rate of spontaneous deliveries. However, there is no evidence that retinal detach

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    Myopia and delivery: Should mode of delivery be influenced by moderate and


    high myopia?

    Article  in  Gynaecologia et Perinatologia · January 2009

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    International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 85 (2004) 287–288

    Brief communication

    Myopia and operative delivery in Croatia


    K. Loncareka,*, O. Petrovicb, I. Brajacc
    a
    Department of Ophthalmology, University Clinical Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
    b
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
    c
    Department of Dermatology, University Clinical Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia

    Received 30 November 2003; received in revised form 12 February 2004; accepted 17 February 2004

    Keywords: Myopia; Retinal detachment; Operative delivery; Overtreatment; Prejudice

    There is not even a single report in the literature Of total number of 693 deliveries of 574 myopic
    of a case that can connect retinal detachment and women during the study period, there were 421
    childbirth in myopic women. However, myopia is (61%) deliveries of women with low myopia, 159
    considered as an indication for cesarean section in (23%) deliveries of women with intermediary
    some European countries w1x. myopia and 113 (16%) deliveries of women with
    Our retrospective study comprised all women high myopia.
    diagnosed with myopia during or before pregnancy, There was a highly significant statistic differ-
    who delivered during period 1993–2002 in the ence in the rates of operative and non-operative
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Univer- deliveries among the three groups of myopic wom-
    sity Clinical Hospital Rijeka. The patients were en and non-myopic women (x2s298.107, Ps
    classified as low myopics (-5 diopters), inter- 8.9=10y12).
    mediary myopics (y5 to y7.75 diopters), and There was no difference between non-myopic
    high myopics (8 diopters or more). and low myopic women regarding to type of
    There was a total of 30 553 deliveries during pregnancy termination. The rates of cesarean sec-
    the study period. Mean rates of pregnancy termi- tion were similar in non-myopic, low-myopic and
    nations were as follows: 87% of spontaneous intermediary myopic group, and notably high in
    deliveries, 3% of vacuum extractions, 10% of high myopic group. The rates of vacuum extraction
    cesarean sections. were notably higher in intermediary myopic and
    high myopic group than in low myopic and non-
    *Corresponding author. Klinika za Oftalmologiju, KBC myopic group. The rate of vacuum extraction is
    Rijeka, Kresimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. Tel.: q385-
    91-250-3636; fax: q385-51-214-574. lower than rate of cesarean section in all groups
    E-mail address: except in intermediary myopics. High myopics had
    karmen.loncarek@ri.htnet.hr (K. Loncarek). the highest rates of both types of operative preg-

    0020-7292/04/$30.00 䊚 2004 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights
    reserved.
    doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.02.006
    288 K. Loncarek et al. / International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 85 (2004) 287–288

    Our study confirms the practice of myopia as


    indication for cesarean section in Croatia, although
    strong recommendations to allow high myopic
    patients deliver spontaneously arose as far back as
    1985 w2x. So, how is it possible that myopia is
    considered as indication for operative delivery, and
    there is no reasonable evidence for this practice?
    It is impossible to trace it back to the beginning.
    It is probably based on a confusion between the
    uncommon non-rhegmatogenous type of detach-
    ment occasionally seen in pregnancy induced
    hypertension, and the more common rhegmatogen-
    ous detachment seen in high myopes w3x.
    It is essential to recognize scientific or non-
    scientific criteria for operative delivery in order to
    avoid the surgical overtreatment.

    References
    w1x Katsulov A, Todorova Ts, Denovska M, Iankov M.
    wMyopia and laborx. Akush Ginekol (Sofia)
    1999;38:51 –54.
    w2x Neri A, Grausbord R, Kremer I, Ovadia J, Treister G.
    The management of labor in high myopic patients. Eur
    J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1985;19:277 –279.
    w3x Kanski J. Retinal detachment. International. Clinical
    ophthalmology. A systematic approach.Butterworth-Hei-
    nemann, 1999. p. 354 –394.

    Fig. 1. Types of pregnancy termination in myopic and non-


    myopic cases over the 10-year study period—rates and abso-
    lute numbers.

    nancy terminations, having only 43% of sponta-


    neous delivery (Fig. 1).

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