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    A. Nursing Practice: Introduction To Pharmacology

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    yssa deli
    Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. Medicines are therapeutic drugs used to treat or prevent disease. Nursing practice involves administering and managing drug therapy, and educating clients about their medications. Nurses are expected to exercise judgment regarding when drugs should be taken and potential adverse effects. Nursing education covers pharmacology to ensure nurses acquire comprehensive knowledge about drugs. Human research on new drugs typically involves three phases: preclinical testing on animals, Phase 1 safety trials on a small number of human subjects over a short period, and Phase 2 trials to further evaluate safety and efficacy in patients.

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    A. Nursing Practice: Introduction To Pharmacology

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    yssa deli
    25 views2 pages
    Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. Medicines are therapeutic drugs used to treat or prevent disease. Nursing practice involves administering and managing drug therapy, and educating clients about their medications. Nurses are expected to exercise judgment regarding when drugs should be taken and potential adverse effects. Nursing education covers pharmacology to ensure nurses acquire comprehensive knowledge about drugs. Human research on new drugs typically involves three phases: preclinical testing on animals, Phase 1 safety trials on a small number of human subjects over a short period, and Phase 2 trials to further evaluate safety and efficacy in patients.

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    Pharma Scrib 1

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    Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. Medicines are therapeutic drugs used to treat or prevent disease. Nursing practice involves administering and managing drug therapy, and educating clients about their medications. Nurses are expected to exercise judgment regarding when drugs should be taken and potential adverse effects. Nursing education covers pharmacology to ensure nurses acquire comprehensive knowledge about drugs. Human research on new drugs typically involves three phases: preclinical testing on animals, Phase 1 safety trials on a small number of human subjects over a short period, and Phase 2 trials to further evaluate safety and efficacy in patients.

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    25 views2 pages

    A. Nursing Practice: Introduction To Pharmacology

    Uploaded by

    yssa deli
    Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their actions on living organisms. Medicines are therapeutic drugs used to treat or prevent disease. Nursing practice involves administering and managing drug therapy, and educating clients about their medications. Nurses are expected to exercise judgment regarding when drugs should be taken and potential adverse effects. Nursing education covers pharmacology to ensure nurses acquire comprehensive knowledge about drugs. Human research on new drugs typically involves three phases: preclinical testing on animals, Phase 1 safety trials on a small number of human subjects over a short period, and Phase 2 trials to further evaluate safety and efficacy in patients.

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    INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACOLOGY

    Definition of term
    Pharmacology
     Study of drugs
     Actions on the living organ
    Drugs
     Chemicals that have an effect on living organism
    Medicines
     Therapeutic drugs used in the prevention of treatment of diseases
     *food is not a drug because it is considered something essential for survival, while drugs are used as a method to treat a condition

    Significance
    A. Nursing practice
     Administration of drug was the 1st medical function delegated by doctors
     Nurses are expected to counsel clients regarding management of their drug regimen
     Nurses are expected to exercise judgment in management of drug therapy
     when should you take it, mechanism of actions, adverse effects
     Eventually this may involve prescription of medication in selected patient situation
     Nurses are not writing but the physician
     Doctors will decide if therapy is safe
     In some countries they allow nurses to write prescriptions (nurse practitioners similar to general practitioner the difference for gen
    nurse preselected patients

    Nursing CARE 4 levels


    4 LEVELS OF NURSING CARE
    1. 1ST LEVEL: PREVENTION of problems in healthy client
    o Health impact on environmental pollutants and health aspects of social, medicinal & illegal drug use
    o Function of nurse is mainly educational
    2. 2ND LEVEL: EARLY DETECTION of disruption in healthy client
    o Case finding and referral
    o Seeks early evidence of drug habituation, toxicity, addiction or untoward side effects form use of drugs and exposure to chemical
    o Untoward effects from use of drugs
    o Exposure to chemicals
    3. 3RD LEVEL: CARE needed for clients with acute health needs
    o Occurs in an institutional setting
    o Traditional tasks of administering drugs to clients that are acutely ill clients
    o Most demanding (most active)
    4. 4th LEVEL REHABILITATION & RESUMPTION of normal living for recovering clients from acute health problem
    o Long term use of drug is necessary to control chronic disease process

    B. Nursing Education
     Integrated in the curriculum
     Too little content that this may result in failure that this may result in failure of student to acquire comprehensive knowledge
     Separate subjects are proposed to prevent this from happening

    Ethical principles in Human Research


    A. Respect for the person
     Capable of making their own decision
     Informed consent
     PANACEA-Drug used to treat anything
     Opium: narcotic, stomach pain, or baby with kabag (English?)
     When medications are made: Is it safe
     Substitute animals first
    B. Beneficence
     Duty not to do harm
     Maximize all possible benefits and minizine possible harm

    C. Justice
     Social benefits and burden can be allocated objectively
     Those with equivalent circumstances should be treated equally

    D. Nursing research
     Human testing for different drugs is usually divided into 3 phases

    DEVELOPING AND APPROVING A DRUG


    Preclinical phase
     Animal research (the question is will it work on a living being)
     Some chemicals are discarded for the ff reasons:
    o Lacks therapeutic activity
    o Too toxic
    o Highly teratogenic – harmful for fetuses
    o Very small safety margin – not useful in clinical setting
    1. PHASE 1
     Studies pharmacologic properties such as pharmacokinetics, metabolism and toxicity
     Study population maybe normal volunteers or people who are to be treated
     Usually, 20-100 subjects done in 4-6 weeks
     Some chemicals are discarded for the ff reasons:
    o Lacks therapeutic activity in humans
    o Too toxic
    o Highly teratogenic – harmful for fetuses
    o Very small safety margin – not useful in clinical setting

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