Good day Math idols, Welcome to our video lesson in mathematics Five, thank you for

joining me, as we stepped out for our math adventure and exciting activities for this
session. I am here again your mathematics teacher buddy for today. I am teacher G from
Dammang East Elementary School, as I will guide you to enter the magic world of
mathematics.

Have you prepared your Self learning module? pen and notebook? That’s great! You are
all set for todays’ learning quest. As we continue our video lesson, we are now on the 8 th
week of the second quarter.
Before we start having a smooth discussion. May I remind you these hygiene rules.
Wash your hands very often or use hydraulic gel, did you know that this way the
material that envelops the virus is broken, if this material is broken the virus can infect
the cells. Be careful with the objects you touch and avoid touching your face. Keep a safe
distance from others to protect yourself and them, If you use a mask be careful not to
touch it once you've put it on. The mask should cover your mouth and nose. Call off
your sneeze into your elbow, Research is very important to be able to solve all our
doubts Moreover we should think all those people who are working and helping so that
we can get back to normal.

Now let's begin, here’s the objective of our topic based on the most essential learning
competencies. In this video lesson, you will be able to: identify equivalent ratio and
express ratios in simplest form. Let us have our first activity, entitled match me. Here’s
the directions, find ratio of the given shapes. Write your answers in your paper. let's
start! For number 1 problem, find the ratio of __________________
well done math idols.

This time let's discuss more about ratios. As a review, ratio is a comparison of two or
were quantities. The numbers in a ratio are called terms, it can be written using the
word TO, by colon and by fraction form.

now here let answer this question what is the ratio of coffee to donuts correct we have
one cup of coffee to do doughnut or the ratio is 12 to 2 or 1/2 in fraction form what if we
have more coffee and donuts. what will be the ratio now? Great! this time we have two
cups of coffee and for the not so the rational is 2 parts in fraction form. all right if you
have an original ratio of 1/2 to and if you're going to compare now the total number of
cups of coffee and donut, we come up into another ratio. What do you think is the
relation between the two ratios? yes! that means 1 to 2 and 2 to 4 are equivalent ratios
or the same value. Equivalent ratios are just like equivalent fractions. If two ratios have
the same value then they are equivalent. Even though they may look very different.

to find the equivalent ratio we must just multiply or divide both quantities by the same
number. if we have a ratio of 1 to 2 to or 1/2 then let's multiply both the numerator and
denominator with the same number, or by two, by doing so, you will get the answer to
2/4 or 2 to 4 in ratio. if you keep multiplying it again on the same number like 3 we will
get 3/6 or in ratio 3 to 6. if you have to find more equivalent ratios of a given fractions
keep on multiplying them with the same number, we can also use a table or ratio tables
to find the equivalent ratios and understand the relationship between the two ratios we
can put these values in a table as shown here for every cup of coffee there are two donut,
two cups of coffee to 4 donuts and 3 cups of coffee to 6 donuts. if we multiply 1 by 2 we
will get 2, then when we multiply two by two we get the answer 4 and so on. if we are
going to multiply one by 3 the answer is 3 and 2 by 3 the answer is 6. this also means
that a given one pair of numbers in one column on the table and other pair can be found
by multiplying both numbers by the same number. In dividing we are going to scale
down. This means that in the table, the numbers on the column are obtained from one
another by dividing the same number. If we divide 4 by 2 we will get 2 and if you divide 2
by 2 the answer is 1, then keep on dividing them with the same number as you can
observe we came up with our original ratio which is 1/2 or 1 to 2. let's have more
example. Find the equivalent ratios of 5 to 20 by using the process of multiplying and
dividing the same number, first we are going to change the ratio into fraction form by
multiplying both the numerator and denominator by the same number so we have 5 x 2
= 10 and 20 x 2 = 40 or in ratio we have 10 to 40. Next by dividing the same number, we
must divide both the numerator and the denominator by the same number so we must
divide 5 the answer is 1 and 20 divides by 5 the answer is 4. now the correct answer is
1/4 or 1 to 4. let's find out if spent 10 to 40 and 1 to 4 are equivalent ratios by
multiplying the terms of our first ratio to the second ratio. First, we multiply the two
middle number which are 40 and 1. 40 multiplied by 1 the answer is 40. Then the two
outer numbers 10 and 4. 10 multiplied by 4 = 40, hence the product of the inner and
the outer numbers are equal or has the product of 40. Therefore the 10 to 40 is
equivalent ratio to 1 to 4. Next example we are going to find the equivalent ratios of 2 to
18. First, we change the ratio into fraction form, multiply both numerator and
denominator by the same number which is two then 2 x 2 = 4, then 18 x 2 the answer is
36 so the product of 2 to 18 by 2 is 4/36 or 4 to 36 in ratio form. next by dividing the
given number both the numerator and denominator by the same number. so 2 divide by
2 the answer is 1 and 18 divide by 2 the answer is 9. So we have the quotient of 1/9 or
in ratio form we have one to nine. let us find out again if 42 36 and 19 are equivalent
ratios by using the cross-product method, first write the ratio in fraction form. next we
are going to multiply the numerator of the first ratio by the denominator of the second
ratio. we have 4 x 9 the answer is 36 and also multiply the denominator by the
numerator of the second set 36 x 1 the answers 36. Since the product are equal,
therefore 4 to 36 is equivalent to 1 to 9. To make it clear if two ratios are equivalent the
product of their means is equal the product of their extremes. If their products are equal
by using the cross product method they form two equal ratios. in the equality of ratios a
to b equals to c to D. b and c are called the means a and D are the extremes. Note that
they can be rewritten as a over b equals c over d. the first term be is a to d and the
second term is b to c. Equivalent ratios connotes that the product of the means is equal
to the product of the extremes. Let’s play some more examples. Lets determine if 5 to 20
and10 to 40 are equivalent ratios. this time we multiply the means or the two middle
numbers and extremes the two outer numbers. let's multiply 20 and 10, 20 x 10 the
answer is 200. For the extremes we have 5 to 40. 5 times 40 is equal to 200. As you can
see their product are equal or the same. therefore, the ratio of 5 to 20 and 10:40 are
equivalent ratio.
next example if 5 to 20 and 15 to 60 are equivalent ratios by using the cross product
method, first write the ratios in fraction form, next multiply the numerator of the first
ratio by the denominator of the second ratio, so we have 5 x 60 the answer is 300. We
will now multiply the denominator of the first ratio by the of the second. We have 20 x
15 the answer is 300. As we can see, their products are equal, therefore 5 to 20 and 15to
60 are equivalent ratios.

On our next topic we have to simplify ratios. simplifying ratios is just the same as
simplifying fraction, since ratios can be written as fractions. To reduce ratios in simplest
form we're going to divide the numerator and the denominator of each ratio by the same
number of GCF or the greatest common factor of the two terms. this form is the same as
lowest term in ratio and fraction. now let's try some examples. write the simplest form of
10 to 24. This time keep dividing both sides by the same number until you will get the
lowest term of the given number. what would be the same number that can divide both
10 and 24? Yes, we can use 2. So divide both sides. 10 / 2 the answer is 5 and 24
divided by 2 the answer is 12. since 5 and 12 has no common divisor, the simplest form
of 10 to 24 is 5 to 12. Next example, solve for the simplest form of 2 to 12 by using the
GCF or the greatest common factor, first we are going to write the first ratio in fraction
form. We have 2/12, the gcf of 2 and 12 is 2 then divide the numerator and the
denominator by 2 so 2 divide by 2 is 1 and 12 / 2 the quotient is 6. Now we have 1/6 or
1 to 6 ratios. Next example, let us reduce 35 to 70 into simplest form, first write the ratio
in fraction form so we have 35 over 70. The GCF of 35 and 70 is 35 , we are going to
divide by 35. 35 divide by 35 the answer is 1 and 70 divide by 35 the answer is 2. So we
have 1/2 or 1 to 2 as the simplest form of 35 to 70.

I'm sure you are ready to answer our last activity answer the following problems. Solve
and choose the correct answer from the choices.then write the answer on your paper.
Are you ready?
I'll give you 30 seconds to answer each problem,
The first problem is which ratio is not equivalent to 20 to 28? Letter a 10 to 14, letter b
6:55, letter c 11:50, 30 seconds timer start now. the correct answer is letter c.
next problem. which ratio is equivalent to 3 to 4, for the choices, letter a 9:12, letter b
12:9, letter c we have 9:20, timer starts now. If your answer is letter a you got the
correct answer. Number 3. the simplest form of 35:84 is blank, the choices are the a 5:7
letter b 5:12 letter c 7:12, your 30 second timer start now, letter b is the right answer.

Next problem. There are 1,960 pieces of paper to 8 copies of book. What is its simplest
form? the choices are the 245:1 letter b 490:2 and letter c 980:4. for 30 seconds timer
starts now, alright time's up what is the answer correct letter a.
for the last problem we have, which of the given pairs of ratios are not equivalent? the
choices are letter a 2:4 and 8:16, letter b 3:5 and 4:10 letter c 60:4 and 12:1
timer start, if your answer is letter b, you are right.

Well done math idols and thank you for responding to our activities.
Now we must remember the following,
To find equivalent ratio we multiply or divide both quantities by the same number.
Two ratios are equivalent if their products are equal by using the cross-product method
or if the product of their means equals to the product of their extreme.
Simplifying ratio is just the same as simplifying fractions.
To simplify ratios, we must divide the terms by the same number letter or use the GCF
to divide each term.

Do you think we can use ratios in the real world?

I hope you have learned a lot from our lesson today, your participation throughout the
session will prove that you are now ready to answer all the activity on your self-learning
modules or SLM. for additional concerns and clarifications your math teacher would
accommodate you on your follow-up discussion. once again thank you for participating
and listening to our session. This is your mathematics teacher for today i'm teacher G
from Dammang East Elementary School, saying goodbye for now stay safe and god bless
and thank you for watching.