T4 With Key

4
PAPER 2 writing Part 2 For questions 1-18, read the three texts below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D)
Part 3 best fits each gap.
PAPER 3 Use of English
Part 4
PAPER 4 Listening
PAPER 5 Speaking
One of the most recognisable fad icons of the 1980s has to be Rubik's cube - a three-
dimensional toy made up of twenty-six smaller interconnecting cubes, which can be
(1) either vertically or horizontally to form 'faces' of six different colours.
The cube was invented in the mid 1970s by Erno Rubik, a Hungarian engineer
fascinated by geometrical (2) ,although it wasn't until the end of the decade that
people began to show an interest in the toy. Then suddenly, almost overnight, the
craze went international. Demand for the cubes soon far (3) the original
production order of one million and pirated versions (4) the market. It is
estimated that over 100 million cubes had been sold by the end of 1982.
It has been calculated that Rubik's cube has over forty-three quintillion (that's 43
followed by 18 zeros) (5) - only one of which will result in the cube displaying all
six sides with the same colour. The official record for the fastest (6) belongs to a
Japanese student who completed it in just under fifteen seconds.
1 A revolved B rotated C swivelled D spun

2 A conundrums B enigmas C riddles D puzzles
3 A expanded B extended C exceeded D excelled
4 A drowned B flooded C washed D soaked
5 A permutations B transformations C incarnations D conversions
6 A undoing B unravelling C unscrambling D unwinding
Underfloor Heating Systems

Underfloor heating systems are becoming increasingly popular as an efficient and
economical means of heating your home. They are easy to (7) into any new
building or renovation, and can be installed in most homes with few restrictions on
the type of floor covering required. Because they (8) at a much lower
temperature than conventional heating, underfloor heating systems (9) far less
fuel and are therefore also more eco-friendly. Another advantage is the absence of
radiators, which can be (10) and take up a great deal of valuable space. What is
more, underfloor heating systems are far more effective than conventional radiators:
heat is (11) to the cooler air at floor level, where it is most needed. The now
warm air rises upwards towards the ceiling, resulting in a(n) (12) distribution of
heat across the whole room.
7 A fuse B assimilate C amalgamate D integrate

8 A activate B operate C stimulate D promote
9 A consume B devour C gulp D dispose
10 A blatant B outstanding C obtrusive D prominent
11 A drafted B transferred C carried D relocated
12 A standardised B level C uniform D unswerving
The moment Daniel Wilkins walked into her office that October morning, Cynthia was
struck by a(n) (13) feeling of deja vu - she was sure she had seen him before, but
she couldn't quite put her finger on where. She noted that he (14) an almost
tangible air of self-assurance, but with her trained (15) , she could also see that
he (16) a heavy burden. On the phone earlier that week, he had explained what
he needed and she had conceded that she might be able to help him. But now, as he
settled himself into one of the leather armchairs in her office, she wondered if
perhaps she was biting off more than she could (17) .
Cynthia listened attentively as Daniel told her a little about himself. While he was
speaking, she stood by the window, (18) out at the blustery tops of the trees in
the park, watching the starlings circle as they massed together for their long
migration. She had goosebumps on her arms, but they weren't from the cold.
13 A supernatural B unwieldy C mystic 0 uncanny

14 A absorbed B attracted C exuded 0 retained
15 A eye B view C sight 0 perception
16 A dragged B heaved C shouldered 0 weighed
17 A masticate B eat C swallow 0 chew
18 A gaping B gazing C glimpsing 0 gawking
PAPER 2 writing You are going to read four extracts which are all concerned in some way with
dancing. For questions 19-26, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits
PAPER 3 Use of English best according to the text.
PAPER4 Listening Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
PAPER 5 Speaking
To the natives of North America, dance has always been an

intrinsic part of their culture. All over North America, traditional
dance continues to forge a link with ancient ancestors and allows
the native peoples of modern America to reaffirm their cultural
identity as well as celebrate fundamental relationships with
nature, their tribe and kin. Traditional North American dance is
inextricably bound to nature and the seasons. The dances vary
from region to region, and from tribe to tribe, but are usually
performed to songs sung in ancient languages and according to
the ancient calendar and belief systems. Some dancers take on
the roles of animals or enact the traditional chores of daily life:
hunting, fishing or planting.
As well as giving non-commercial public performances, modern
dancers also perform in private or before small groups to offer up
prayers to ancient deities, to invoke cures for illnesses, to
influence nature or to act out a story. Unlike European folk
dances, Native American dances often have no predictable form
and it is difficult to know how long a dance will last, how many
dancers will be involved or how many beats will accompany each
movement. Dancers usually take small steps and stay near the
ground, performing either to rhythmic vocal music or, an
assortment of instruments.
19 Traditional dance helps modern Native North Americans to

A communicate with their ancestors.
B be at one with their roots and environment.
C fully exploit the power of nature.
D have a good relationship with other tribes.
20 The writer implies that Native North Americans do not dance

A for financial gain.
B for religious reasons.
C in front of large audiences.
D accompanied by chanting voices.
/&~dPJ
~.II-
!!/)~~ The first time I saw FireDance I was
knocked off my feet. I couldn't
believe the sheer energy and
~
exuberance of the routines, the
power of the score, the creative
flair of the choreographers and the
fluidity of the dancers. I remember
being moved by the sensuality,
spellbound by the glamour,
awestruck by the visual spectacle. You
couldn't watch it without wanting to join
in, but most people would agree it was
impossible to take your eyes off the dancers no matter how much
your feet were itching. I consider it a major turning point in my life -
without which I would probably have trod a different path.
Within a year of its first performance, FireDance had become an

international phenomenon. As a show, FireDance was successful
because it was essentially a simple idea, yet brilliantly conceived. The
inspirational mix of African drums and the evocative sounds of
European folk music brought home a raw power that encapsulated
one's earthly origins, yet aspired to some heavenly sphere. The pace of
the production carried the audience along, at moments frenetically
throwing you into the rhythms, at others, lulling you into a trance.
23 The writer clearly remembers

A losing his balance while watching the performance.
B experiencing a plethora of conflicting emotions.
C being impressed by different aspects of the show.
D deciding to dedicate his life to dance.
24 FireDance
A evolved from the inspirations of simple people.
B consisted of a complex mixture of sounds.
C was widely acclaimed in many countries.
D hypnotised the audience with its steady tempo.
A History of the Tango
f?T)) one well, the tango is perhaps one of the most exciting dances to
::::LJ watch and to perform, and today it seems to be more popular than
ever. Yet when it began, and for a long time afterwards, the dance was
shunned by the upper circles of Argentine society. At a time when all
fashionable dances were performed in linear or circular arrangements by
groups of dancers, the very idea of a man and a woman in such close
physical proximity was considered vulgar and immoral. European society
was ambivalent even about the waltz (in which partners actually had to
touch each other) which was only just beginning to catch on there. Yet,
despite the stigma attached to it, the tango soon became the dance to
know.
Today there are many different versions of the tango, and different
ideas about where and when the dance originated. One story tells of how
the tango began in the lower class districts of Buenos Aires towards the
end of the nineteenth century. The gauchos, after a long day riding
horses, would arrive to dance with the women in the bars. Legend has it
that the woman would dance at arm's length from him, with her head
thrown far back, trying to distance herself from his working day odour,
while he would walk with his knees flexed because of his stiff clothes.
Together they would bend their bodies to manoeuvre in the space
available between the tables. Thus the tango was born.
25 The tango did not catch on immediately because

A the upper classes thought it should be avoided.
B it did not adhere to the rules of traditional dances.
C the waltz had recently become more popular as a dance.
D it did not conform to conventional notions of propriety.
26 It is said that the tango may have originated as a result of

A the gauchos' unsanitary leisure pursuits.
B the postures that dancers were forced to adopt.
C the clothes that the gauchos wore while working.
D the unlimited size of the dance floor.
You are going to read an article about twins. Seven paragraphs have been removed
from the article. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap
PAPER3 Use of English (27-33). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
PAPER4 Listening
PAPER 5 Speaking
The M ys/er y of Twills

A festival that takes place this weekend in Twinsburg, analysed the test results in maths, reading and general
Ohio, must rank as one of the strangest scientific intelligence for almost 3,000 pairs of twins when they
gatherings in the world. Coloured tents stand dotted were seven years old. The influence of genes inherited
around Glen Chamberlain park, each containing from parents could be analysed by comparing the test
researchers from around the world hoping to hunt results from identical and non-identical twins. She
down some elusive medical clues. Outside the tents found that there was a significant genetic overlap
stand long lines of people, each of them willing to between their maths ability and reading, as well as
endure the 32°C heat in order to take part in their between their maths and their general intelligence. But
research. But it's not a normal queue, because many some DNA markers also appeared to work more
participants look disarmingly alike, even down to specifically in favour of maths.
wearing the same dresses. They are human guinea pigs
with a difference: each is a twin or a triplet. ~I ------
Professor Robert Plomin, professor of behavioural
~I genetics at the institute, said recently: 'The idea is that
Down the centuries, a certain mystique has always DNA is an early warning system. If we can read it
surrounded twins. They have long been thought to properly, we can predict problems and hopefully
have an unspoken psychic bond that allows each of intervene to help.'
them to know what the other is feeling without it being
obvious to anyone else. But now twins are becoming QTI_-----------
valuable to science because of their genes. Their DNA 'The discovery that psychopathic tendencies are
is helping to answer some of the questions in the age- strongly heritable suggests that we need to get help for
old debate over. whether it is your genes or the these youngsters early on,' she said. 'Any behaviour is
environment in which you were brought up that influenced by multiple genes and an unlucky
determines your behaviour and your health. combination of genes may increase vulnerability to a
disorder.'
~I
Parents often complain that twins are treated as one
[E]~ _
unit, rather than as separate children, but from a The sight of two people who appear so similar that WE
scientist's point of view this is research heaven, can't tell them apart can pose its own problems. Fron:
because it allows them to unravel the complex childhood, parents are told by schools, birth experG
interactions between environment and genes in a way and well-meaning friends that they should dress thei:!
..that would be impossible from other studies. children differently and separate them in as many wa. ~
as possible.
[~J
Yulia Kovas, part of the institute's social, genetic and CEJ _
.developmental psychiatry centre, described how the But many identical twins, although they cherish the::-
twins had helped her study how genes can make it hard own identity, actually like being so similar. They don-
-for some children to grasp mathematical concepts - an regard it as a negative condition, or 'freakish' in ar-
area that has always been little understood. She way, even if other people find it hard to tell them ap~
A Most schools still have a policy of placing twins in 'Rachel has some more female traits. When they
different classes, because they think they will have were all drawing once, their dad bought them all
a better chance of developing their own identity. little lawnmowers and the boys were all off with
Often the children will be described as 'the one them, but she looked at hers and put it down and
with more freckles', or 'the one with longer hair', carried on drawing.'
rather than by their own names.
F Identical twins have identical DNA. Non-identical,
B 'What we think is that there may be a pool of or fraternal, twins share only 50 percent of their
between fifty and a hundred DNA markers that genetic make-up, much the same as any other
each have a small effect, but actually influence our siblings would. But twins of both kinds are also
general cognitive ability,' she said. 'They have a overwhelmingly likely to have shared very similar
stream-like effect, rather than one particular gene environments, unless they are separated in
making you good or bad at sums.' childhood. They tend to have the same diet, the
same housing, and are exposed to the same factors
C The same Teds group has allowed another such as pollution. Their very closeness makes them
researcher, Dr Essi Viding, to analyse the genetic special.
basis for psychopathic tendencies. By comparing
identical and non-identical twins who displayed G At the Institute of Psychiatry in London, more
both anti-social behaviour and psychopathic than 15,000 pairs of twins have been tracked over
tendencies, such as callousness and a lack of the past ten years. These children, now aged
remorse or empathy towards others, she was able eleven, ten and nine, are part of the Twins Early
to find that there were very strong genetic factors Development Study (Teds), an invaluable resource
influencing those who displayed callous, because scientists searching for particular genes
unemotional traits - but no such factors in those can compare identical twins with non-identical
who were simply very aggressive and anti-social. twins. The samples of their DNA, which is stored
carefully in laboratories in south London, could
D Meanwhile, the parents of twins have to live with unlock clues to a host of diseases and conditions
the fact that their children's genes may bind them that are as yet not understood.
to each other in a way that at times appears to be
slightly spooky. It's often a problem of how they H Jeremy Wilmer has come here to find as many
are perceived from the outside, rather than for the twins as possible to help him understand more
families themselves. about how people see. 'There is a strong inherited
factor involved in how well you can see in three-D,'
E Linda and Diarmaid Lee, who live near Crewkerne explained Wilmer, a PhD student. 'I'm hoping to
in Somerset, have had a real learning experience get some twins to wear special glasses and look at
by having had identical twin boys, James and my computer screen, so that I can measure how
Matthew, who are now three and a half, and non- good their visual skills are. Frankly, this festival is
identical twins, Ben and Rachel, who are two. The a godsend for medical research.'
younger two are quite different in many ways.
CPE
T EST
PAPER2 writing You are going to read an extract from a book. For questions 34-40, choose the
answer (A, B, C or OJ which you think fits best according to the text.
PAPER3 Use of English
Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.
PAPER4 Listening
PAPER5 Speaking
have been the same. That's no ordinary man on that

T o say the least, Alexander Trevozhov's was an
unusual interpretation of the ballade's beginning.
He did not play the opening chords forte and pesante,
stage. His music isn't human.'
Before either of them could answer, Mr Trevozhov
as is written, but so softly that they ,"vere almost was playing again, this time Debussy. Again I was
inaudible. In any ordinary concert they would have listening to a sound that transcended, even ridiculed
been, but his unexpected use of understatement, along the lines and notes composing the music spilling from
with his formidable presence, had commanded beneath his fingers. All too soon the incredible sound
absolute silence in his audience. I began to understand had been swallowed again by applause.
the praise of him I had heard. When the concert ended, I insisted on meetina o him '
I did not open my eyes, but I listened intently. It was but the crowd around his dressing room was
impossible not to: the music caught and bound me as it impenetrable. Mary and my grandfather wanted to go,
had caught and bound the entire house. The anxiety she complaining of weariness, he of an ache in his arms
accrued during Mr Trevozhov's long delay may have and chest; grudgingly I agreed. I turned once, though,
shifted as he began to play, but it had not abated. It as we retreated, to have a last look at Mr Trevozhov. By
seemed that the tension his presence had unfurled was fate or chance he turned as well. His eyes snagged for
slowly weaving into the music, becoming so ingrained a moment on my grandfather's fragile form, then
that the familiar score sounded entirely alien. moved on to me. Recovering from what seemed a great
Technically, he was perfect. But the pain emanating surprise, he smiled. He gestured as though to move
from every note he played was something significantly toward us, but at the same moment my grandfather
more potent than the regretful melancholy Chopin stepped between us, blocking my view of him.
had written into the piece. Each note was askew, its The car's waiting, Eleanor,' he said. There was no
emotion turned inward on itself to reverberate as question of contradicting the steely authority in his
something close to horror. I wanted the music to end voice; it was a tone he used with me seldom, and never
but also to go on forever. My intense desire to run away without good cause. I looked at him, puzzled, but he
had not dissipated, but equally strong was the wouldn't meet my eyes. Mary tugged gently at my
ridiculous desire to run to him. I was unaware of hand, urging me toward the lobby, and though I tried
having heard the final chords until I realized that we again to catch the pianist's eye, the crowd had closed
had been sitting for several moments in absolute around him once more, sealing him off from me as
silence - a sound I had never heard in that hall in my effectively as my grandfather could have wished.
life, and which I doubt will ever be heard there again. 'Do you know him?' I asked, as we made our way out
The hush dangled, as unresolved as the music had into the snowy night.
been. Then, all at once, it was filled with uproarious 'No,' he answered shortly, looking straight ahead.
applause, a standing ovation. But I could not clap, nor 'He seemed to know you - or to have something to
stand; I could only sit staring at the light-box of the say to us, anyway.'
stage, for once completely unaware of myself. I did not He didn't answer, nor look at me. Mary smiled
even sense the tears streaming down my face. My sympathetically as we climbed into the car, but the
grandfather looked down at me with troubled eyes. At truth was, I had nearly put the incident out of my mind
his side, Mary looked hazily triumphant. again, turning instead to more frivolous thoughts. I
'Still think it's only the best that a dying man could had not begun to examine the intricacies of the feeling
do, love?' she asked. the foreign pianist's eyes had stirred in me. It seemed
Although I knew that it was only her way of telling enough, at the time, that he had noticed me. Yet I
me that I did not yet know everything there was to would find myself replaying the scene many times in
know, I shook my head. 'No,' I said softly, but with the months to come, sometimes with regret, sometimes
more vehemence than her mild gibe deserved. 'It's not with pleasure, but always with a recondite feeling of
the music. He could have played scales, and it would emptiness and longing.
34 When Trevozhov began to play, absolute silence prevailed because
A he himself had insisted on it.
B he interpreted the music in such an unusual way.
e the audience were awed by his charisma and style.
D the audience had to strain to hear the music.
35 The narrator noted that Trevozhov's interpretation of Chopin's music

A was far superior to the composer's original intentions.
B contained barely perceptible musical flaws.
e caused the audience to feel increasingly tense.
D was infused with so much raw emotion that it unsettled her.
36 When Trevozhov had finished playing the first piece, the audience
A immediately began cheering and clapping enthusiastically.
B made no sound whatsoever.
e leapt to their feet in unison.
D stood and clapped after a moment of stunned silence.
37 The narrator clearly felt

A that the music had not ended properly.
B that she had overreacted to Mary's comment.
e jealous of Trevozhov's extraordinary talent.
D that Trevozhov had superhuman powers.
38 The narrator was unable to meet Trevozhov after the performance because
A there were too many people around him.
B her companions wanted to leave early.
e their car was about to leave.
D her grandfather forbade it.
39 After that night, the narrator

A tried to forget about the way she'd felt when she saw Trevozhov.
B went back to thinking about inconsequential matters.
e would often think about the moment Trevozhov had looked at her.
D regretted not having spoken to Trevozhov when she had had the chance.
40 Trevozhov seems
A to be an artist of some renown.
B to know Eleanor's grandfather well.
e to habitually make his audiences feel nervous.
D to have suffered acutely during his life.
4
PAPER 1 Reading
• j,. • You must answer this question. Write your answer in 300-350 words in an
appropriate style.
PAPER 3
PAPER4 Listening You have read the extract below as part of a newspaper article on the collections
PAPER 5 Speaking in the world's museums. Readers were asked to send in their opinions. You
decide to write a letter responding to the points raised and expressing your own
views.
The collections of antiqUItles that

reside in the museums of the world
offer visitors from every continent
the chance to learn about the history,
culture and art of civilisations that
they would otherwise never have the
chance to experience. Yet there are
those who believe all precious
artefacts should be returned to their
country of origin. If this were indeed
to happen, no museum would be
safe, and visitors would cease to
benefit from the diversity of these
precious objects.
Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in
300-350 words in an appropriate style.
PAPER 4 Listening 2 You have recently been asked by the editor of a journal for primary school
PAPER 5 Speaking teachers to tryout some educational computer software aimed at helping primary
school pupils (aged 7-9) with spelling and arithmetic. The software is intended to
be used in schools or at home. Write a review for the journal commenting on the
ease of use of the software and its content, and say how appealing you think it
would be to this age group.
3 The sports centre and leisure complex where you work has been criticised in the
local press for not catering for the needs of disabled people. The directors of the
complex have asked you to submit a report, describing what provisions already
exist for the disabled in the changing rooms, swimming pool area, playing areas
and cafeteria. You have also been asked to make recommendations to improve
facilities if necessary.
4 A monthly lifestyles magazine has invited readers to contribute an article to a

special edition entitled New Experiences. Write an article describing a memorable
or unusual experience you had, explaining why it was so significant and how it
affected you.
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 writing
For questions 1-15, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each
space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0).
PAPER4 Listening Part 2
Part 3 Write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
PAPER 5 Speaking Part 4
Part 5
The Origins of Cricket

Cricket is often considered the quintessential English sport, but in
(0) , there are many theories about how the game originated. One
theory suggests that the game (1) devised by shepherds, who would
hit balls of wool with their crooks or 'cricces'. (2) speculates that it
was started by children. The idea was that the person holding the crook
(3) defend the wicket gate to the sheep-pen (4) the
person throwing the woollen ball. However, it is (5) that the game
we know today would (6) evolved from a single inspiration, and
cricket probably came (7) as an amalgamation of different games
played (8) the centuries.
The earliest reference in history to a game (9) to cricket dates ba

to 1300, when King Edward I, also (10) as Edward Longshanks, ''''
noted (11) playing a game called 'creag'.ln 1597 we come across;o
reference to the game in Surrey, where a witness in a land dispute stated _
remembered playing 'krekett' almost fifty years (12) The fi
recorded match took place in 1646 and (13) the end ofthe century -
was so popular that (14) missed church to attend a game ,-
subject to a fine! The first written rules of cricket weren't dra
(15) until 1744.
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER2 Writing For questions 16-25, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end
of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is
an example at the beginning (0).
PAPER4 Listening Write your answers in CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet.
Part 3
Part 5
A recent poll on the use of animals in circuses showed that the

(0) of people in the UK now disapproves of it.
Circuses which employ animals are no longer seen as a form of
(16) entertainment; in fact, most people think
they should be banned outright. Eighty percent of those
interviewed (17) declared that the use of
endangered wild animals such as elephants and tigers should be
prohibited, while sixty-five percent said no animals
(18) should be used in circuses.
A large proportion also claimed they were opposed to the

inevitable (19) involved in training animals to
perform tricks. Animals in the wild do not juggle balls, ride
monocycles, leap through (20) hoops or wear
clown costumes. Furthermore, besides being kept in
(21) , circus animals travel for most of the year, CONFINE
living a life of (22) Unfortunately, there is DEPRIVE
evidence to indicate that most animals face (23) . TREAT
on a daily basis.
The number of people who visit animal free circuses these days is
over twice the number of those who visit traditional circuses.
Animal free circuses are growing in number as well as
(24) , and many say that the quality of the acts POPULAR
performed by humans far (25) those acts that use EXCESS
animals.
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER2 Writing For questions 26-31, think of one word only which can be used appropriately in all
three sentences. Here is an example {OJ.
Example:
PAPER4 Listening
o • We are setting off at first , so please go to bed early.
PAPER5 Speaking • She had to explain the matter to me again before I saw the .
• Some interesting new findings have come to .
26 • Milton received a to his pride when he failed to get the job.
• The victim was knocked unconscious by a violent to the heaa
• The witness gave the police a blow by account of what he he:.

seen.
27 • Expecting me to cook a meal for six with only an hour's warning is a bit 0=::'
................... order!
• John told a story to his teacher about the dog eating his
homework!
• That very tree has been on our property since my

grandmother's day.
28 • You could have me down with a feather when she told me -

was getting married.
• He didn't look where he was going and a boy off his bike.
• We've down our prices by an extra twenty-five percent!
29 • Lucy made a sketch before she started to work on the

painting.
• He had an unusual accent and spoke in a voice.
• I wish Jeremy wouldn't be so with the puppies.
30 • Gill's been going to school since she was three and she
it.
• Our mother used to sing us rhymes at bedtime.
• They have some beautiful yellow roses in the across ~ =

street.
31 • Michael's been up at school again according to his te--
• If Elizabeth likes Tom so much, why is she hard to ge:-
• If you get involved, you'll be with fire!

PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER2 Writing For questions 32-39, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning
to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You
must use between three and eight words, including the word given. Here is an
example (0).
PAPER4 listening
PAPER5 Speaking Example:

o He struggled to open the door.
difficulty
He the door.
o had diffkulty in opening 1=0= I
32 Being able to grow my own vegetables gives me great pleasure.

derive
I my own vegetables.
33 We will ultimately all feel the effects of pollution.

end
In us all.
34 They started building the new theatre two years ago.

under
The new theatre for the past two
years.
35 Only the usual, everyday things happen here.

out
Nothing here.
36 As it was my first offence, I was just given a warning.

let
I because it was my first offence.
37 Whatever happens, you must not go into my office without permission.

account
On into my office without permission.
38 Why on earth did you mention the subject of money?

brought
I wish the subject of money.
39 Have you seen my glasses anywhere by any chance?

happen
You my glasses anywhere, do you?
9 I
4
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing For questions 40-44, read the following texts on dreaming. For questions 40-43,
... . answer with a word or short phrase. For question 44, write a summary according to
the instructions given.
PAPER 4 listening
PAPER 5 Speal<ing
Throughout history people of all cultures have turned to their

dreams as a means of finding solutions to problems or answers to
specific questions. Nowadays it may seem to be a forgotten art,
but controlled dreaming is increasingly being advocated as a
means of tapping into the causes of deep-rooted problems. The
6 procedure, known as 'incubating a dream', is not difficult and
almost anyone can develop the habit of focusing on a specific
question before dropping off, in the hope that the subconscious
will provide enlightenment. Answers may come in the form of
symbols or events and may not be immediately obvious, but with
guidance and practice, almost anyone can do it.
Many dream enthusiasts have gone a step furtherand perfected
a technique known as 'lucid dreaming'. This involves training
your mind to stay 'awake' while dreaming in order to coherently
experience the dream and even control it. Most of us are familiar
with the kind of dream where we know we are dreaming, but
being able to do it at will and having the capacity to influence
78 events in the dream is a subtle art. This technique has been
shown to be a useful way of facing up to one's fears, insecurities,
doubts or negative emotions. Conversely, lucid dreaming can be a
kind of wish fulfilment, opening up unlimited avenues within the
imagination, empowering the dreamer in a way that can be
carried over into waking life as an additional boost to one's self-
esteem or feelings of well-being.
Some current evidence suggests that dreams may serve no
useful psychological or physiological function, and perform
no adaptive role in maintaining our psychological health.
In fact, some researchers believe that dreams are merely an
evolutionary bi-product of sleep combined with a gradually
awakening consciousness in human beings - a
developmental cognitive achievement assigned to the
healthy functioning of a complex neural network located in
specific areas of the forebrain.
Nevertheless, the way dreams reflect our emotional
preoccupations or run parallel to our awakened states of
consciousness may explain why, throughout history, dreams
have been put to various uses. For example, in many societies
dreams would be used by shamans or witch doctors as a
means to diagnose or cure illnesses, or to fend off evil spirits.
Occasionally, dreams would be used to predict the weather or
make prophecies. In modern times dreams have been used by
psychotherapists as a means of understanding the patient's
state of mind, or simply to induce him or her to talk about
repressed feelings. Dreams may even be used socially, as an
ice-breaker, or as a way for some people to express their
fantasies. But these are emergent functions, coming about as a
result of dreams rather than causing them.
42 Which phrase in the first paragraph implies that the ability to dream may have
come about by accident?
44 In a paragraph of 50-70 words, summarise in your own words as far as possible

the uses to which dreaming can be put in a modern society, according to both
texts. Write your summary on the separate answer sheet.
4
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing You will hear four different extracts. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A, B or C)
• which fits best according to what you hear. There are two questions for each
PAPER 3 Use of English extract.
... . ~
Part 3
Part 4
1 The woman says that when she first met the actress
A she felt nervous.
B she was thrilled.
C she got confused.
2 The actress probably

A thought the woman was hilarious.
B started to feel uncomfortable.
C felt sorry for the woman.
3 When abroad, British fans

A are solely responsible for instigating trouble.
B tend to initiate many violent episodes.
Care criticised for their xenophobic tendencies.
4 Football hooligans
A enjoy being in the spotlight.
B form competitive groups.
C are dependent on the media.
5 The woman's father
A doesn't know what to do with himself.
B is thinking of taking up some sort of sport.
C feels betrayed by his previous employers.
6 The man's father

A used to be a business tycoon.
B spent his pension right away.
C started his own wine-making business.
7 Julia decided to change her career because

A there were no promotional prospects in her previous job.
B she had previously worked in tourism.
C she realised there were no holidays available for single people.
8 She realised that many single women

A were hoping to meet a potential partner abroad.
B were not used to arranging their own holidays.
C suffered from a lack of self-esteem.
CPE
T EST
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing You will hear a radio talk about ley lines. For questions 9-17, complete the
sentences with a word or short phrase.
_____ I=:!J
The Glastonbury Tor is located at the I ~
of many ley lines.
The Nazca lines on the Peruvian I IJIJ

are also thought by some to be on ley lines.
Alfred Watkins thought that ancient peoples marked their

I C!D by building structures along them.
Not everyone accepts that the alignment of ancient sites is anything but
Ruth believes that ley lines could be an indication of the Earth's
Ancient peoples may have been drawn to ley lines because they were more
1 Q[] natur=
Another theory claims ancient civilisations made I ~

when erecting monuments in order to represent the position of certain groups
stars.
Some scientists believe there is greater 1 Q2J

in areas surrounding ley Ii =
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing You will hear part of an interview with an artist about the subject of art. For
e
questions 18-22, choose the answer (A, B, or D) which fits best according to what
PAPER 3 Use of English you hear.
18 How does Brendan feel about his work?

A He prefers negative criticism to no reaction at all.
B His intention is to provoke critics with his art.
e He believes his art can only be viewed subjectively.
D His definition of art is at odds with general opinion.
19 According to Brendan, standing on a chair

A is an example of what art should be.
B would be art if it was intended to be.
eis an example of mediocre art.
D would not be considered art by most people.
20 Brendan says that some successful artists

A are not very good at drawing.
B have not been able to create original art.
e lack the ability to express ideas.
D use excessively old-fashioned techniques.
21 Brendan doesn't think that

A throwing paint at a canvas would constitute art.
B it is difficult to come up with original ideas.
e critics are open-minded enough.
D modern art has nowhere left to go.
22 The invention of the camera

A allowed more people to indulge their passion for
taking portraits.
B enabled photographers to imitate life more closely.
e meant that artists were no longer restricted to copying
from life.
D changed the way society viewed the role of the artist.
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing You will hear an interview with Mark and Trudy, two zoologists. For questions
23-28, decide whether the opinions are expressed by only one of the speakers, or
PAPER 3 Use of English whether the speakers agree.
Write M for Mark

T for Trudy
or B for Both, where they agree.
23 The idea that bees communicate through a language is

controversial. ~
24 Von Frisch attempted to show that bees do not use random

signs to communicate. ~ ..
25 Some people believe it is impossible for animals to have

a language. ~
26 While they are dancing, bees adopt a position that indicates

the direction of food sources. ~
27 The longer the dance, the greater may be the distance of the
food source from the hive. c=IEJ
28 An energetic dance indicates a more important food source
and is watched by more bees than a less energetic dance. ~
PAPER 1 Reading
PAPER 2 Writing
PAPER 3 Use of English Answer these questions:
PAPER 4 Listening • What entertainment and leisure facilities are there in the area for people of your
age?
• How would you like to see your town develop?
• What places of interest would you recommend to a visitor to your area?
Candidates A and B: Turn to pictures A-F on pages 136-137, which show aspects of
safety. First look at pictures C and E, and discuss how they reflect our attitudes
towards feeling safe. You have about one minute for this.
Now look at all the pictures. You have been asked to design a police information
leaflet advising people on safety in the home. Discuss which aspects of safety each
picture shows, and decide which pictures would best be used as an illustration in
the leaflet. You have about three minutes for this.
Candidate A: Look at the question in the box and say what you think about it. You
can use the ideas in the box if you like or add some ideas of your own. You have
two minutes for this.
How beneficial is competition?

• motivation
• ambition
• self-esteem
Candidate B: Is there anything you would like to add?

Candidate B: Look at the question in the box and say what you think about it. You
can use the ideas in the box if you like or add some ideas of your own. You have
two minutes for this.
Which is more effective in the work place: competition

between colleagues or team effort?
• brainstorming ideas
• personal ambition
• company ethics
Candidate A: Is there anything you would like to add?

Candidates A and B: Now answer these questions about competition in general:
• Is it a good idea to teach children to be competitive in sport?

• What effect does competition have on those who are not good performers?
• Are we competitive by nature or because of social conditioning?
rmI_4 _
I think people are increasingly isolated in their homes.
People are encouraged to feel afraid.
In my opinion, burglar alarms encourage a sense of false security.
I believe it's more a matter of deterring potential intruders.
Picture (A) is suitable because it highlights the dangers of ...
This picture emphasises the importance of having ...
An unattended child/toddler is a casualty waiting to happen.
break into someone's home

burglar alarm
chi Id-proof kitchen/household/appl iance
computer-activated alarm system
deterrent
effective prison system
fire alarm
hazards in the home
hidden dangers in the home
intruder
law and order
legal system
Neighbourhood Watch system
policeman on the street
prison cell
security lock
pervade (vI to become a noticeable feature throughout a place or
PAPER3 Use of English thing
outcast (n) someone who is not accepted by a group of people or by
~~PART 1
plague (n) a very infectious disease which usually results in death society
flesh (n) a human being, and more particularly, their body lure (v) to trick someone into a particular place or to trick them into
fallacy (n) an idea which many people believe to be true, but which is doing something that they should not do
tap (v) if you tap a resource, you make use of it by getting from it
in fact false because it is based on incorrect information or reasoning
susceptible (adj) likely to be affected by something such as a disease something that you need or want
proximity (n) proximity to a place or person is nearness to that place far-reaching (adj) having a great influence and affecting a great
number of things
or person
hum (v) to sing a tune with your lips closed
ventilation (n) allowing fresh air to circulate in a room
humidity (n) the amount of water in the air jingle (n) a short, simple tune, often with words, which is used to
correlation (n) a connection or link between things advertise a product or programme on radio or television
conversely (adv) used to indicate that the situation you are about to reel off (phr v) to repeat information from memory quickly and easily
describe is the opposite or reverse of the one you have just described slogan (n) a short phrase that is easy to remember
blink (v) to shut your eyes and very quickly open them again
unnerving (adj) something unnerving makes you feel worried or
~~PART 2
span (v) to last throughout a long period of time uncomfortable
spine (n) a long, sharp point on an animal's body or on a plant uncanny (adj) strange and difficult to explain
unchecked (adj) if something harmful or undesirable is left
squat (v) to sit low on the ground
suspended animation (n) a state in which an organism's metabolism unchecked, nobody controls it or prevents it from growing or
is functioning very slowly, for example so that it can survive difficult developing
invariably (adv) always
conditions
prey (n) a person or people whom someone else tries to harm or trick
burst forth (phr) to suddenly break open or appear
inquisitiveness (n) a desire to find out about things, especially secret
vibrant (adj) very bright and clear
draw (v) to attract someone very strongly things
devious (adj) dishonest and secretive, often in a complicated way
hardy (adj) a hardy plant is able to survive in cold weather
curb (v) to control something and keep it within limits
constitution (n) someone's health
relentless (adj) never stopping or becoming less intense
swell (v) to become larger and rounder than before
brainwash (v) to force someone to believe something by continually
initiate (v) to introduce someone to a particular skill or type of
telling them that it is true, and preventing them from thinking about it
knowledge and teach them about it
properly
~~PART 3
astute (adj) showing an understanding of behaviour
and skilful at using this knowledge to one's own advantage
foible (n) a habit or characteristic that someone has which is
and situations,
mI ~ _
considered rather strange, foolish or bad but which is also considered PAPER 1 Reading
unimportant
longing (n) a sad feeling of wanting something very much
~~PART 1
fad (n) an activity or topic of interest that is very popular for a short
take the initiative (phr) to be the first person to act in a situation, and
time, but which people become bored with very quickly
therefore able to control it
icon (n) an important symbol of a particular thing
jargon (n) words and expressions that are used in special or technical
pirate (v) to illegally copy video tapes, cassettes, books or computer
ways by particular groups of people, often making the language
programs
difficult to understand
quintillion (n) the number that is represented as a one followed by
substance (n) the quality of being important or significant
eighteen zeros (US); the number represented as a one followed by
thirty zeros (Europe)
~~PART 4
renovation (n) an old building that has been repaired or redecorated
binding (adj) a binding promise, agreement or decision must be
install (v) to fit or put a piece of equipment somewhere so that it is
obeyed or carried out
ready to be used
restriction (n) a limit to where you can go or what you can do
HPART 5
conventional (adj) a conventional method or product is one that is
entice (v) to try to persuade someone to go somewhere or to do
usually used or that has been in use for a long time
c:omething
deja vu (n) the feeling that you have already experienced the things
ualms (n) if you have no qualms about doing something, you are not
that are happening to you now
orried that it may be wrong in some way
put your finger on something (phr) to see or identify exactly what the
bjective (n) what someone is trying to achieve
cause or solution of a problem is
ag (v) to keep asking someone to do something they have not done
tangible (adj) clear enough or definite enough to be easily seen, felt
3t or do not want to do
::ersistent (adj) someone who is persistent continues trying to do or noticed
- mething, even though it is difficult or other people are against it self-assurance (n) confidence in yourself
burden (n) a problem or a responsibility that causes someone a lot of
trum (n) if a child has a tantrum, they lose their temper in a noisy
difficulty, worry or hard work
= d uncontrolled way
concede (v) to admit, often unwillingly, that something is true or
rn-out (adj) exhausted
idious (adj) unpleasant or dangerous and developing gradually correct
attentive (adj) paying close attention to what is being said or done
out being noticed
blustery (adj) rough, windy and often rainy, with the wind often raw (adj) raw emotions are strong basic feelings or responses which
changing in strength or direction are not weakened by other influences
starling (n) a very common bird with greenish-black feathers covered encapsulate (v) to represent all the most important aspects of a
in pale spots which is found in Europe and North America particular thing or idea in a very small space or in a single object or
mass (v) to gather together into a large crowd or group event
goosebumps (n) a reflex erection of hairs on the skin in response to sphere (n) a place or group that is unique and has its own private
cold or emotional stress or skin irritation members
frenetic (adj) fast and energetic, but rather uncontrolled
~~PART 2 lull (v) to cause someone to feel calm or sleepy
intrinsic (adj) being part of the nature of something or someone trance (n) a state of mind in which someone seems to be asleep or
forge (v) if one person or institution forges a link with another, they has no conscious control over their thoughts or actions, but in which
create it with a lot of hard work, hoping that it will be strong or lasting they can see and hear things and respond to commands given by
reaffirm (v) to state your belief in something again clearly and firmly other people
kin (n) family members; relatives shun (v) to deliberately avoid someone or something
inextricably (adv) if two or more things are inextricably linked, they upper circle (n) a group of people within society who are in a higher
cannot be considered separately class or who have a lot of power, money or influence
deity (n) a god or goddess linear (adj) linear movement or force occurs in a straight line rather
invoke (v) to call on a higher power for help, support or inspiration than in a curve
outlet (n) a means of expressing and releasing feelings, thoughts or vulgar (adj) distasteful, offensive, rude or unpleasant
energy ambivalent (adj) if someone is ambivalent about something, they
premise (n) something that you suppose is true and that you use as a seem to be uncertain whether they really want it, or whether they
basis for developing an idea; an assumption really approve of it
interrelate (v) to connect; to have a common connection stigma (n) if something has a stigma attached to it, people think it is
suppress (v) if a natural function or reaction of your body is something to be ashamed of
suppressed, it is stopped, for example by drugs or illness gaucho (n) a South American cowboy
muscle tone (n) the degree of firmness and strength in a person's odour (n) a particular and distinctive smell
muscles flex (v) to bend, move or stretch muscles or parts of your body for a
circulation (n) the movement of blood through your body short time in order to exercise them
respiratory (adj) relating to breathing manoeuvre (v) to skilfully move something into or out of an awkward
cognitive (adj) relating to the mental process involved in knowing, position
learning and understanding things
motivation (n) your motivation for doing something is what causes ~~PART 3
you to want to do it endure (v) to experience a painful or difficult situation without
choreograph (v) to invent the steps and movements in a dance and avoiding it or giving up, usually because you cannot
tell the dancers how to perform them disarming (adj) making you feel less angry or hostile
improvise (v) when performers improvise, they invent music or words guinea pig (n) someone who is used in an experiment, or has
as they play, sing or speak something tested on them that has not been tested on people before
meld (v) to cause to merge gene (n) a part of a cell in a living thing which controls its physical
clinical (adj) involving or relating to the direct medical treatment or characteristics, growth and development
testing of patients unravel (v) to gradually work out the answer to a mystery or puzzle
alleviate (v) to make pain, suffering or an unpleasant condition less until it becomes clearer
intense or severe concept (n) an idea or abstract principle
diminish (v) to reduce or become reduced in size, importance or inherit (v) to be born with a particular characteristic or quality
intensity because your parents or ancestors also had it
array (n) a large number or wide range of different people or things overlap (n) if there is an overlap between one thing and another, a
ailment (n) an illness, especially one that is not very serious part of the first thing occupies the same area as a part of the other
sheer (adj) used to emphasise that a state or situation is complete and thing
does not involve or is not mixed with anything else (geneticl marker (n) a gene or DNA sequence having a known
score (n) the music which is written or used for a film, play or similar location on a chromosome and associated with a particular gene or
performance trait
flair (n) a natural ability to do something well; a talent heritable (adj) capable of being passed from one generation to the
fluidity (n) smooth, graceful movement next; hereditary
sensuality (n) a liking for physical pleasures rather than the pleasures disorder (n) a problem or illness which affects someone's mind or
of the mind body
spellbound (adj) so fascinated by something that you cannot think cherish (v) to regard something such as a right, a privilege or a
about anything else principle, as important and to try hard to keep it
awestruck (adj) very impressed and amazed by something freakish (adj) remarkable because it is not normal or natural
itch (v) if you are itching to do something, you are very eager or freckles (n) small light brown spots on someone's skin, especially -
impatient to do it their face
tread (v) if you tread a particular path, you take a particular course of callousness (n) a lack of concern for other people or their feelings;
action or do something in a particular way cruelty
conceive (v) to think of a plan or idea and work out how it can be remorse (n) a strong feeling of sadness and regret about somethi~;
done wrong that you have done
evocative (adj) good or interesting because it produces pleasant empathy (n) the ability to share another person's feelings and
memories, ideas, emotions and responses in people emotions as if they were your own
trait (n) a particular characteristic, quality or tendency that someone
or something has PAPER 2 Writing
spooky (adj) unnatural; creepy ~~PART 1
perceive (v) if you perceive someone as being a particular thing, it is reside (v) to live or stay in a place
your opinion that they are that thing
lawnmower (n) a machine for cutting grass on lawns
fraternal (adj) fraternal twins are twins born from two eggs, so they PAPER 1 Use of English
are not exactly the same. They may look different from each other or ~~PART 1
be different sexes. quintessential (adj) representing a perfect or typical example of
sibling (n) your siblings are your brothers or sisters something, or representing the central nature of something
godsend (n) something that helps you very much crook (n) a long pole with a large hook at the end often carried by a
shepherd
~~PART 4 wicket gate (n) a small door or gate, especially one built into or near
ballade (n) a composition, usually for the piano, with the romantic or a larger one
dramatic quality of a narrative poem amalgamation (n) something that is made up of a mixture of different
chord (n) a number of musical notes played or sung at the same time things
with a pleasing effect dispute (n) an argument or disagreement between people or groups
inaudible (adj) if a sound is inaudible, you are unable to hear it
understatement (n) a statement that does not fully express the extent ~~PART 2
to which something is true outright (adv) immediately and completely
formidable (adj) if something or someone is formidable, you feel prohibit (v) to forbid something or make it illegal
slightly frightened by them because they are very great or impressive equivocal (adj) deliberately vague in what you say, because you want
accrue (v) if something like money accrues, it gradually increases in
to avoid speaking the truth or making ~ decision
amount over a period of time brutal (adj) cruel and violent
abate (v) to become much less strong or severe deprive (v) to take something away from someone who wants or
unfurl (v) if an event, a story or a scene unfurls before you, you are needs it, or to prevent them from having it
aware of it or can see it as it happens or develops
emanate (v) if something emanates from somewhere, it comes from ~~PART 5
there advocate (v) to publicly recommend a particular action or plan
askew (adj) something that is askew is not straight or not level with incubate (v) when birds incubate their eggs, they keep the eggs warm
what it should be level with until the baby birds come out
reverberate (v) when a sound reverberates through a place, it echoes enlightenment (n) the state of having more knowledge and a greater
through it understanding about something
dangle (v) to cause (an expectation or hope) to hang uncertainly or lucid (adj) clear and easy to understand
remain unresolved coherent (adj) clear and easy to understand
unresolved (adj) if a problem or difficulty is unresolved, no avenue (n) a way of getting something done
satisfactory solution has been found to it empower (v) to give someone the means to achieve something, for
uproarious (adj) very noisy example to become stronger or more successful
standing ovation (n) if a performer gets a standing ovation when they boost (n) something that acts to improve your confidence or morale
have finished performing, the audience stands up to clap in order to self-esteem (n) the way you feel about yourself
show its admiration or support adaptive (adj) having the ability or tendency to adapt to different
hazy (adj) uncertain or confused situations
vehemence (n) strong feelings or opinions which are expressed neural (adj) relating to a nerve or to the nervous system
"orcefully preoccupation (n) a state of mind in which you think about something
gibe (n) a rude or insulting remark about someone that is intended to so much that you do not consider other things to be important
ake them look foolish shaman (n) a person in some North American cultures who is
eariness (n) tiredness believed to have powers to heal sick people or to remove evil spirits
rudging (adj) felt or done very unwillingly from them
treat (v) to move away from something or someone witch doctor (n) a person in some societies, for example in Africa,
snag (v) if you snag part of your clothing on a sharp or rough object, who is thought to have magic powers which can be used to heal
~ gets caught on the object and tears people
eely (adj) hard, strong and determined fend off (phr v) to defend yourself from something evil or dangerous
g (v) to pull induce (v) to persuade or influence someone to do something
al off (phr v) if one object or area is sealed off from another, there is repress (v) to make a deliberate effort not to show or have a particular
:=. ohysical barrier between them so that nothing can pass between
feeling; to suppress
-em ice-breaker (n) something that someone says or does in order to
rt (adj) if you are short with someone, you speak briefly and rather make it easier for people who have never met before to talk to each
-_ ely to them because you are impatient or angry other
. olous (adj) not serious or useful emergent (adj) becoming powerful or coming into existence
icacies (n) complicated details
(v) to cause someone to feel an emotion
ndite (adj) difficult to understand
development is having on its survival, and saying 41 morally questionable messages in advertisements which
whether anything is being done to protect it. suggest that a child is stupid if he does not buy the product
3 Conclude by saying what you would like to happen 42 'children have become a prime target'
with regard to improving the protection of wildlife in 43 There are no restrictions on advertising on the Internet;
your area. children are usually unsupervised while online, giving
advertisers virtually unlimited access to them.
Question 4 44 Content points:
Style: Formal • they are able to persuade parents to buy them things (first
Content: Letter text)
1 8egin your letter by stating your reason for writing: • they will become tomorrow's adult consumers /
to complain about the train and the service provided manufacturers want to turn them into lifetime consumers
by the railway company. (first text)
2 In the main body give details to support what you • children's insecurities make them easier to influence (first
are saying. Refer to all the points in the question: and second text)
• the dirty state of the train • children are often exposed to advertising when alone
• the poor canteen facilities (watching TV or on the Internet) (second text)
• your failure to arrive at work on time
3 Conclude by saying clearly what action you expect PAPER4 Listening
the railway company to take and whether you
expect them to compensate you in any way. ~ ~ PART 1
1C
PAPER 3 Use of English 28
38
~HART 1 4A
1 of 9 lead
2 less 10 despite H PART 2
3 more 11 from 9 leisure activity
4 However/Rather/Instead 12 if 10 (carbon dioxide) emissions
5 being 13 between 11 road safety
6 with 14 show/indicate 12 (comprehensive) schools
7 tend/seem 15 make/render 13 new recruits
8 turn 14 (coronary) heart
15 injuries and fractures
~ ~ PART 2 16 mental performance
16 swollen (verb to past participle) 17 free of charge
17 apparently (verb to adjective to adverb)
18 gloriously (noun to adjective to adverb) ~ ~ PART 3
19 variety (adjective to noun) 18 8 19 0 20 A 21 8 22 C
20 irresistibly (verb to negative adjective to adverb)
21 uninitiated (verb to negative past participle) ~ ~ PART 4
22 requirements (verb to plural noun) 23 T
23 enables (adjective to verb) 24 J
24 unlikely (preposition to negative adjective) 258
25 enthusiasts (verb to plural noun) 268
27 T
~ ~ PART 3 288
26 hold 29 follow
27 sense
28 petty
30 terms
31 reeling nII_4
PAPER 1 Reading
_
~ ~ PART 4
32 no time (1) did David express (any) (1) ~ ~ PART 1
33 is under threat (1) of closure (1) 1820 3C 48 5A 6C 70 88 9A 10C 118 12C 130
341 will take (1) your word for (1) 14 C 15 A 16 C 17 0 188
35 you will be/are (1) bound by (1)
36 with hindsight, (1) I could not have done anything (1) ~ ~ PART 2
37 (will) insist on (1) staying up/on not going to bed (1) 19 A: Incorrect. Dance helps them to feel closer to their
38 made a name (1) for herself as (1) ancestors: 'Allover North America, traditional dance
39 is prone to (1) illness/getting ill (1) continues to forge a link with ancient ancestors'.
19 8: Correct. 'Allover North America, traditional dance
~ ~ PART 5 continues to forge a link with ancient ancestors and allows
40 Advertisers do not question the morals of what they are the native peoples of modern America to reaffirm their
doing, they simply want to sell their product (because if they cultural identity as well as celebrate fundamental
do not, they will be in trouble). relationships with nature, their tribes and kin.'
19 C: Incorrect. Dance helps them to celebrate nature, not was successful because it was essentially a simple idea,
exploit it: 'traditional dance ... allows the native peoples of yet brilliantly conceived'.
modern America to ... celebrate fundamental relationships 24 B: Incorrect. Although it is true that the upper classes did not
with nature'. dance the tango, this does not explain whvthe tango did
19 D: Incorrect. Dance helps them have good relationships not catch on immediately.
within their own tribe: 'traditional dance ... allows the 24 C: Correct. 'Within a year of its first performance, FireDance
native peoples of modern America to celebrate had become an international phenomenon.'
fundamental relationships with nature, their tribe and kin'. 24 D: Incorrect. The pace varied: 'The pace of the production
20 A: Correct. 'As well as giving non-commercial public carried the audience along, at moments frenetically
performances, modern dancers also perform in private or throwing you into the rhythms, at others, lulling you into a
before small groups to offer up prayers to ancient deities, trance'.
to invoke cures for illnesses, to influence nature or to act 25 A: Incorrect. Although it is true that the upper classes did not
out a story.' dance the tango, this does not explain why the tango did
20 B: Incorrect. 'modern dancers also perform ... to offer up not catch on immediately.
prayers to ancient deities' 25 B: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply that the tango
20 C: Incorrect. The writer does not mention the size of was unpopular was because it did not adhere to 'rules'.
audiences, but there is a contrast between the 'public 25 C: Incorrect. The waltz was beginning to become popular in
performances' they give and the private 'small groups' Europe: 'European society was ambivalent even about the
they also dance in front of. waltz, in which partners actually had to touch each other,
20 D: Incorrect. 'Dancers usually take small steps and stay near which was onlv just beginning to catch on there.' However,
the ground, performing either to rhythmic vocal music or the text does not compare the relative popularity of the
an assortment of instruments.' waltz and tango.
21 A: Incorrect. The text does not say that dance can provide 25 D: Correct. 'Yet when it began and for a long time afterwards,
solutions to problems. the dance was shunned by the upper circles of Argentine
21 B: Incorrect. The text says that 'our minds and bodies are society. At a time when all fashionable dances were
interrelated', but not that this connection is created by performed in linear or circular arrangements by groups of
dance. dancers, the very idea of a man and a woman in such
21 C: Incorrect. 'Dance has been shown to be clinically effective close phvsical proximity was considered vulgar and
in dealing with depression, alleviating chronic pain and immoral.'
improving self-image. Furthermore, dancing diminishes 26 A: Incorrect. Although the tango may have originated as a
stress levels, promotes a feeling of health and well-being dance performed by gauchos in bars, the text does not say
and increases our energy levels. Dance therapy has been that the gauchos' leisure activities were unsanitary.
used successfully to help patients with an array of 26 B: Correct. 'Legend has it that the woman would dance at
ailments including Aids, cancer, strokes, brain injury and arm's length from him, with her head thrown far back,
stress-related illnesses. It also benefits psychiatric patients, trying to distance herself from his working day odour,
the disabled, the mentally handicapped and the elderly.' while he would walk with his knees flexed because of his
However, the text does not say it can cure all our physical stiff clothes. Together they would bend their bodies to
problems. manoeuvre in the space available between the tables.
Correct. 'dance has frequently been used to provide an Thus the tango was born.'
outlet for negative emotional or mental energies' 26 C: Incorrect. The gaucho's clothes may have affected his
Incorrect. The text does not state or imply this. posture, but this is not what created the tango.
_ _ orrect. 'Whether choreographed or improvised, physical 26 D: Incorrect. The dance floor was usually small and restricted,
rhythmic movements encourage a melding of brain and not unlimited in size.
body that can help us fight illness from within.'
- Incorrect. Dance has been used in clinical trials but this is ~HART3
ot why it is successful. 27 H: There is a link between 'A festival that takes place this
correct. Dance has been used to treat patients with weekend in Twinsburg, Ohio' in the first paragraph and
curable illnesses, but this is not why it is successful. 'Jeremy Wilmer has come here' and 'Frankly, this festival
orrect. The expression 'I was knocked off my feet' is a godsend for medical research' in paragraph H.
eans 'I was overwhelmed'. 28 F: There is a link between 'Their DNA is helping to answer
- rrect. The writer was impressed by different aspects of some of the questions in the age-old debate over whether
--0 dance, but he does not describe any conflicting it is your genes or the environment in which you were
= o"ions. brought up that determines your behaviour and your
-- ect. 'I couldn't believe the sheer energy and health' in the paragraph before the gap and 'Identical
=- _berance of the routines, the power of the score, the twins have identical DNA. Non-identical, or fraternal, twins
_ =5-ive flair of the choreographers and the fluidity of the share only 50 percent of their genetic make-up ... But
-=-'Cers. I remember being moved by the sensuality, twins of both kinds are also overwhelmingly likely to have
== bound by the glamour, awestruck by the visual shared very similar environments' in paragraph F.
__-=c:a Ie.' 29 G: There is a link between 'the Institute of Psychiatry in
- __ oct. 'I consider it a major turning point in my life- London' in paragraph G and 'Yulia Kovas, part of the
which I would probably have trod a different path.' institute's social, genetic and developmental psychiatry
- _ ~ er, we do not know if the 'different path' meant he centre' in the paragraph after the gap.
_= . ally dedicated his life to dance.
- ". The text says that FireDance was a simple idea,
- -:J: ihat the people were simple: 'As a show, FireDance
30 B: The word 'she' in paragraph B refers to 'Yulia Kovas' in the 36 B: Incorrect. There was no sound for several moments, but
paragraph before the gap. There is also a link between 'But then there was 'uproarious applause'.
some DNA markers also appeared to work more 36 C: Incorrect. The audience got to their feet - there was 'a
specifically in favour of maths' in the paragraph before the standing ovation', but the text does not state or imply that
gap and 'there may be a pool of between fifty and a people leapt to their feet in unison.
hundred DNA markers ... making you good or bad at 36 D: Correct. 'The hush dangled, as unresolved as the music
sums' in paragraph B. had been. Then, all at once, it was filled with uproarious
31 C: There is a link between 'The same Teds group' in applause, a standing ovation.'
paragraph C and 'Twins Early Development Study (Teds)', 37 A: Incorrect. The narrator does not state or imply this.
which is mentioned for the first time in a previous gapped 37 B: Correct. 'No,' I said softly, but with more vehemence than
paragraph, paragraph G. There is also a link between 'The her mild gibe deserved.'
same Teds group has allowed another researcher, Dr Essi 37 C: Incorrect. The narrator does not state or imply this.
Viding, to analyse the genetic basis for psychopathic 37 D: Incorrect. The narrator implies that Trevozhov is an
tendencies' in paragraph C and' "The discovery that extraordinary musician, not that he has superhuman
psychopathic tendencies are strongly heritable suggests powers: 'He could have played scales, and it would have
that we need to get help for these youngsters early on," been the same. That's no ordinary man on that stage. His
she said' in the paragraph after the gap. Here, 'she' refers music isn't human.'
to Dr Essi Viding. 38 A: Correct. 'When the concert ended, I insisted on meeting
32 D: The paragraph after the gap refers to the appearance of him, but the crowd around his dressing room was
identical twins, which links to 'It's often a problem of how impenetrable.'
they are perceived from the outside' in paragraph D. The 38 B: Incorrect. They did not want to leave early; they simply
word 'Meanwhile' at the beginning of paragraph D also wanted to leave when the concert had finished.
indicates that the subject is being changed slightly. 38 C: Incorrect. This is not the reason why the narrator was
33 A: There is a link between 'From childhood, parents are told unable to meet Trevozhov.
... that they should dress their children differently and 38 D: Incorrect. The narrator's grandfather was clearly unwilling
separate them in as many ways as possible' in the for her to meet Trevozhov, but he did not actually forbid
paragraph before the gap, 'Most schools still have a policy her to do so.
of placing twins in different classes' in paragraph A, and 39 A: Incorrect. The narrator did not try to forget the way she
'But many identical twins, although they cherish their own had felt. In fact, the opposite is implied: 'Yet I would find
identity, actually like being so similar' in the last myself replaying the scene many times in the months to
paragraph. come'.
39 B: Incorrect. Although the narrator says 'I had nearly put the
H PART 4 incident out of my mind again, turning instead to more
34 A: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply that Trevozhov frivolous thoughts', she goes on to say that she afterwar "
asked for silence, but rather that 'his unexpected use of began to 'examine the intricacies of the feeling the foreig
understatement, along with his formidable presence' pianist's eyes had stirred in me .... Yet I would find myse-
caused the audience to fall silent. replaying the scene many times in the months to come'.
34 B: Incorrect. It is true that his interpretation of the music was 39 C: Correct. 'I had not begun to examine the intricacies of t s
unusual, but it was not this that caused the silence. feeling the foreign pianist's eyes had stirred in me .... Ye:
34 C: Correct. 'his unexpected use of understatement, along with would find myself replaying the scene many times in th
his formidable presence, had commanded absolute silence months to come.'
in his audience' 39 D: Incorrect. The narrator does not state or imply this.
34 D: Incorrect. The audience were silenced by Trevozhov's 40 A: Correct. 'I began to understand the praise of him I had
'unexpected use of understatement, along with his heard.'
formidable presence', not because they couldn't hear the 40 B: Incorrect. There is some hint that Trevozhov knew or
music otherwise. recognised the narrator's grandfather, but the text does --
35 A: Incorrect. The narrator implies that Trevozhov's imply that he knew him 'well'.
interpretation was more powerful than what the composer 40 C: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply this.
seemed to have intended, but not that it was 'far superior'. 40 D: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply this.
35 B: Incorrect. Trevozhov did not follow the composer's
markings, but the narrator does not imply that this failure PAPER2 Writing
constituted 'barely perceptible musical flaws'.
35 C: Incorrect. The audience were tense even before Trevozhov ~ ~ PART 1
began to play: 'The anxiety accrued during Mr Trevozhov's Question 1
long delay may have shifted as he began to play, but it had Style: Formal
not abated.' Content: Letter
35 D: Correct. 'But the pain emanating from every note he 1 Begin by explaining your reason for writing,
played was something significantly more potent than the referring to the article you have read.
regretful melancholy Chopin had written into the piece. 2 You may strongly agree or disagree with the
Each note was askew, its emotion turned inward on itself statements in the article, or you may have mix--
to reverberate as something close to horror.' feelings about them. Tackle each point one at G
36 A: Incorrect. 'I was unaware of having heard the final chords expressing your own views clearly and giving
until I realized that we had been sitting for several examples or evidence to support what you sa .
moments in absolute silence'.
3 In another paragraph, you may want to offer some 3 would 11 as
suggestions for compromise on this difficult issue. 4 from/against 12 earlier/before
4 Conclude by indicating what you hope the outcome 5 unlikely/improbable 13 by/at/towards
will be, or express your wish that your letter be 6 have 14 whoever
published in the next edition of the paper. 7 about 15 up
8 through/over
H PART 2
Question 2 ~ ~ PART 2
Style: Semi-formal or formal 16 harmless (noun/verb to negative adjective)
Content: Review 17 unequivocally (adjective to negative adverb)
1 In the introduction name the product you are going 18 whatsoever (pronoun to adverb)
to review and state your reasons for writing. 19 brutality (adjective to noun)
2 You can use headings for each paragraph. 20 fiery (noun to adjective)
Otherwise, make sure that each paragraph deals 21 confinement (verb to noun)
with a separate aspect of the product under review. 22 deprivation (verb to noun)
Cover all the points in the question: 23 maltreatment/mistreatment (verb to negative noun)
• ease of use of software 24 popularity (adjective to noun)
• content 25 exceeds (noun to verb)
• appeal to the age group
Add any other thoughts or comments that may be ~HART3
relevant and use examples to compare the content to 26 blow 29 rough
what happens in a real life situation. 27 tall 30 nursery
3 Conclude by summarising your overail opinion of 28 knocked 31 playing
the product.
H PART 4
Question 3 32 derive great pleasure (1) from being able to grow/growing (1)
Style: Formal 33 the end (1) pollution will affect (1)
Content: Report, possibly divided into sections with headings. 34 has been (1) under construction (1)
Bullet points or numbered lists can also be used. 35 out of the ordinary (1) (ever) happens (1)
1 In the introduction explain why the report was 36 was let off (1) with (just) a warning (1)
commissioned. 37 no account (1) are you to go/must you go (1)
2 In the main body you could have several 38 you hadn't (1) brought up (1)
paragraphs, each dealing with different parts of the 39 don't happen (1) to have seen (1)
leisure centre:
• changing rooms H PART 5
• swimming pool area 40 concentrating on a particular question or problem before
• playing areas falling asleep in the hope that an answer will be found in a
• cafeteria dream
Consider these questions: Which areas need to 41 because it is hard to do well/because it requires skill and
improve their disabled facilities, including practice
wheelchair access? How might wheelchair users 42 'an evolutionary bi-product (of sleep)'
experience difficulty moving around? What steps 43 Dreams echo{mirror{re\lresent our {ee(in~s, 'N()nies c.\\<.i
need to be taken to make these areas more concerns/Dreams deal with issues that appear in everyday life.
accessible? 44 Content points:
3 Conclude by summarising your main points and • problem solving (facing up to fears/insecurities) (first text)
make recommendations for improvements. • wish fulfilment (confidence building) (first text)
• psychotherapy (inducement to talk) (second text)
Question 4 • social function (meeting people) (second text)
Style: Semi-formal or informal
Content: Article PAPER4 Listening
1 The experience you write about could be positive or
negative, but the experience should be significant in ~ ~ PART 1
some way. 1A2B3B4A5A6C7A8B
2 Describe the event. How did it come about? Who
was involved? When did it happen? etc. Why was it ~ ~ PART 2
significant? How did you feel about it at the time? 9 controversy
3 Conclude by describing how the experience affected 10 hub/centre
you or changed your life. 11 plains
12 trade routes
13 a coincidence/coincidental
PAPER3 Use of English
14 geomagnetic energy/natural power
~ ~ PART 1 15 in tune with
1 was 9 similar 16 (complex) astronomical calculations
2 Another 10 known 17 magnetic intensity
~ ~ PART 3 Her inbuilt link to the Internet enables her to record phone
18 A 19 B 20 A 21 D 22 C messages and incoming e-mails, while an alarm system is
programmed to contact emergency services in case of an
~ ~ PART 4 accident or fire in the home. Speech recognition software
23 T 24 M 25 T 26 B 27 M 28 M permits her to recognise up to six people, and she can
respond to programmed spoken requests quickly and
mI_s
PAPER 1 Reading
_ 22 D:
effectively.' These points could apply to all of the other
options as well.
Incorrect. The advertisement does not target only these
people. The option provides only part of the answer.
~ ~ PART 1 23 A: Incorrect. Specialists are not able to examine the patient
1 B 2 D 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 B 7 D 8 A 9 D 10 A 11 C 12 B 13 B 'physically' using the robot.
14 B 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 C 23 B: Correct. 'In an endeavour to ease the pressure on senior
doctors and surgeons, who are often required to divide
~ ~ PART 2 their time between two or three hospitals, scientists have
19 A: Incorrect. Football is being used to promote science and developed a medical robot that will be able to cover ward
technological development. rounds. The Remote Presence Robot (RP6) allows a patien,
19 B: Incorrect. The project is not only for children. immediate access to a surgeon or consultant anywhere in
19 C: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply that the aim of the world.'
the project is to 'promote products created using robotics 23 C: Incorrect. The staff who are treating the patient are not a G
and artificial intelligence'. distance.
19 D: Correct.' Inspired by the idea of using football as a means 23 D: Incorrect. This option provides only part of the answer.
of promoting science and technological development, the 24 A: Correct. 'The specialist. controlling the robot with a remo:,=
project organisers have set an ultimate goal of building a control joystick, is able to examine a patient via a screen
robotic football team that will be able to beat the human on the robot's "face", view X-rays, records and test resu s
World Cup winners by the year 2050.' and give advice to other medical staff, even though he 0
20 A: Incorrect. Although the writer is doubtful it can be she cannot be physically present. ... "This is a
achieved, he does not dismiss the possibility. revolutionary concept which opens new avenues for
20 B: Incorrect. The writer is enthusiastic, but he is not telemedicine research and integrates technology with
optimistic that the goal can be achieved. healthcare at a grass roots level, increasing the interface
20 C: Correct. The writer is attracted by the idea but doubtful it between patients, clinicians and teaching staff." ,
can be achieved by 2050: 'The question is: can RoboCup's 24 B: Incorrect. Although this statement may be true in itself, ~-=
goal realistically be achieved by 2050? The organisers professor's comment concerns the practical application
admit it's a tall order, but argue that it is nevertheless the technology in question and its direct benefits to
feasible. After all, there was only a matter of fifty years ordinary people.
between the first flight by aeroplane and the first moon 24 C: Incorrect. A doctor's 'bedside manner' is their ability to -
landing. So it would be folly to dismiss out of hand the to patients in a caring way. The text does not mention
possibility of a world class robot football team beating the 24 D: Incorrect. This is not what is meant by 'healthcare at a
human champions by 2050. For now, though, my money grass roots level'.
remains firmly on the real Ronaldinho.' 25 A: Correct. 'At that moment, a dull red glow lit up in fron =
20 D: Incorrect. The language of the text does not express this his face and he found himself staring into what looked
attitude. a miniature camera stuck on the end of a probe. It was
21 A: Incorrect. 'Loquacity' is the inclination to talk a great deal. surreal; he had to be dreaming!'
Wendy does not do this. 25 B: Incorrect. He thought he was imagining it, but it was r ~
21 B: Correct. 'Need someone to wake you up in the morning 25 C: Incorrect. He was not hallucinating; the camera was rec
without bending your ear?' and 'Meet Wendy, the no-fuss, 25 D: Incorrect. The light did not bewilder him, the sight of' '=
no-nonsense personal assistant of your dreams. Friendly miniature camera did.
and reliable, she will remind you of the day's 26 A: Incorrect. Although this is a possibility, there is nothi _ -
appointments or inform you of the latest news or weather the text which suggests it.
forecast discreetly and without lumbering you with the 26 B: Correct.' "Here's someone, Stan! In here!" yelled a v
usual emotional baggage.' above him. "The robot actually did it! Getover here.
21 C: Incorrect. The text describes Wendy as 'Friendly and Now!" , There is an element of disbelief in the words
reliable'. robot actually did it', implying that this hasn't happe "'::
21 D: Incorrect. 'Reticence' implies reluctance, but the robot is before.
not reluctantto speak; it simply gives succinct responses. 26 C: Incorrect. The text does not state or imply this.
22 A: Incorrect. The advertisement does not target only these 26 D: Incorrect. Although this is a possibility, there is nothi ~
people. The option provides only part of the answer. the text wh ich suggests it.
22 B: Incorrect. The advertisement does not target only these
people. The option provides only part of the answer. ~HART3
22 C: Correct. The text implies that the robot is for any busy 27 D: There is a link between the first paragraph, which
person who would benefit from the services that it describes the narrator's feelings about her 'crisp ne •
provides or simply would like to possess such a machine: uniform' and in particular, her tie, and paragraph D, -
'The latest in state-of-the-art robotic design by Won describes how she learnt to do up the tie.
Industries, Wendy can be programmed to suit your needs. 28 H: In the paragraph before the gap, the narrator tells he-

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4

1 A revolved B rotated C swivelled D spun

Underfloor Heating Systems

7 A fuse B assimilate C amalgamate D integrate

13 A supernatural B unwieldy C mystic 0 uncanny

PAPER4 Listening Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet.

To the natives of North America, dance has always been an

19 Traditional dance helps modern Native North Americans to

20 The writer implies that Native North Americans do not dance

Within a year of its first performance, FireDance had become an

23 The writer clearly remembers

25 The tango did not catch on immediately because

26 It is said that the tango may have originated as a result of

The M ys/er y of Twills

have been the same. That's no ordinary man on that

35 The narrator noted that Trevozhov's interpretation of Chopin's music

37 The narrator clearly felt

39 After that night, the narrator

The collections of antiqUItles that

4 A monthly lifestyles magazine has invited readers to contribute an article to a

The Origins of Cricket

The earliest reference in history to a game (9) to cricket dates ba

A recent poll on the use of animals in circuses showed that the

A large proportion also claimed they were opposed to the

26 • Milton received a to his pride when he failed to get the job.

• The victim was knocked unconscious by a violent to the heaa

• The witness gave the police a blow by account of what he he:.

• That very tree has been on our property since my

28 • You could have me down with a feather when she told me -

• We've down our prices by an extra twenty-five percent!

29 • Lucy made a sketch before she started to work on the

• He had an unusual accent and spoke in a voice.

• I wish Jeremy wouldn't be so with the puppies.

• Our mother used to sing us rhymes at bedtime.

• They have some beautiful yellow roses in the across ~ =

31 • Michael's been up at school again according to his te--

• If Elizabeth likes Tom so much, why is she hard to ge:-

• If you get involved, you'll be with fire!

PAPER5 Speaking Example:

o had diffkulty in opening 1=0= I

32 Being able to grow my own vegetables gives me great pleasure.

33 We will ultimately all feel the effects of pollution.

34 They started building the new theatre two years ago.

35 Only the usual, everyday things happen here.

36 As it was my first offence, I was just given a warning.

37 Whatever happens, you must not go into my office without permission.

38 Why on earth did you mention the subject of money?

39 Have you seen my glasses anywhere by any chance?

Throughout history people of all cultures have turned to their

44 In a paragraph of 50-70 words, summarise in your own words as far as possible

2 The actress probably

3 When abroad, British fans

6 The man's father

7 Julia decided to change her career because

8 She realised that many single women

The Nazca lines on the Peruvian I IJIJ

Alfred Watkins thought that ancient peoples marked their

Ruth believes that ley lines could be an indication of the Earth's

Another theory claims ancient civilisations made I ~