COLEGIO DE LA PURISIMA CONCEPCION

The School of the Archdiocese of Capiz

Roxas City

LEARNING PLAN IN SCIENCE 10

The relationship among the locations of volcanoes, earthquake
Unit Topic:
epicenters, and mountain ranges
The relationship among the locations of volcanoes, earthquake
Content Standard:
epicenters, and mountain ranges
Demonstrate ways to ensure disaster preparedness during
Performance Standard:
earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions
Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes,
Learning Competencies: earthquake epicentres, and major mountain belts to plate
tectonics theory; S10ES –Ic-36.2
Students can be able to suggest ways by which he or she can
Transfer Goal: contribute to the government efforts in reducing damage due to
earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
How does being prepared in natural disaster help people
Essential question(s):
during earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions
Students can understand Preparedness in natural disaster
Enduring Understanding:
ensure safety of one’s life.
Awareness of the importance of preservation of the
environment, being prepared and following government plan of
Value Focus:
action in cases of emergency so as to become a steward of
God’s creation and a socially transformed individual.

As you have learned from your previous grade, earthquakes

are natural geological phenomena caused by the sudden and rapid
movement of large volume of rock. The violent shaking and
destruction caused by earthquakes are the result of the rupture and
slippage along fractures of Earth’s crust called faults.
What happens when an earthquake starts? The sudden
release of energy from an earthquake sends out several different
Introduction shaking movements, or seismic waves. In some cases, an
earthquake can have foreshocks. These are smaller earthquakes
that happen in the same place where the larger earthquake occurs.
On the other hand, mainshocks are always followed by aftershocks.
These are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same
place as the mainshock. Depending on the size of the mainshock,
aftershocks can continue for weeks, months, or even years after the
mainshock!
Activities
Pre-test

EXPLORE Lets find out how much you already know about this module.
Ecircle the letter that you think best answers the questions.

Please answer all items. After taking this short test, check your
work as you go through this module.
1. What is an earthquake?
I. The shaking and trembling of the Earth’s crust.
II. A man-made calamity.
III. Can be measured through a thermometer.
IV. Systematic waves that are created due to the sudden
release of energy in the Earth crust’s.
a. I and II b. I and IV
c. II only d. II and III
2. Why is Philippines prone to experience earthquakes?
a. It is within the Pacific Ring of Fire.
b. The Pacific Ocean causes daily shaking of the
archipelago.
c. It has plenty of stored energy in the crust part.
d. The Philippines is in tropical area.

3. What starting point is to be traced to locate the epicenter of

an earthquake?
a. First P wave and the first S wave
b. Second P wave and the second S wave
c. Third P wave and the third S wave
d. Fourth P wave and the fourth S wave

4. They are the scientists who study earthquakes.

a. Seigmographists b. Seismologists
c. Seismologihists d. Seismogists

5. In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of the

earthquakes?
a. Away from the focus
b. Through the focus
c. From the core
d. Away from the core

6. What are the possible effects of an earthquake?

I. It may cause buildings to collapse, thus, injuring and
killing people.
II. It can destroy roads, railways, bridges and
communication lines by
creating cracks in the ground.
III. It can lead to floods and landslides that may harm
humans and other organisms.
IV. It may not cause tsunamis.
a. I and II b. III and IV c. I, II and III
d. II, III and IV
7. Which of the seismic waves travels the fastest?
a. Instant Wave b. Primary Wave c. Secondary
Wave d. Surface Wave

8. Which earthquake waves travel through the outer core?

a. P-waves b. S-waves c. P-waves and S-waves
d. Primary and Surface waves

9. Seismology comes from the Greek word “seismos” which

 means to _________.
a. dance b. shake c. skip d. wave

10. What seismic wave travels horizontally that is transverse to

the direction the wave?
a. Love Wave b. P wave c. Rayleigh Wave d. S wave

Activity 1:
EARTHQUAKE WORD SEARCH
Find all the hidden words related to earthquake in the grid
below. The words may have been arranged in different
directions.
A S B C D E P I C E N T E R G
H E I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
V I W X Y S Z A B C D E F G H
I S J K L M E N O P Q R S T U
Z M V W X Y Z I A B C D E F G
H O J T F B J G S T U H T R D
B S N K H T F D C M J K O U T
D C B B J G Y J K K O U K J N
Q W E R T Y U I O P K L J H G
F D S A Z X C V B N M H O F G
E D C V F R Y H B J M B G G T
A S B C D E P I C F G J M K Y
S U R F A C E W A V E S V G H
H E I J K L M N O N H J Y T F
B O D Y W A V E S N M K L I Y

__________1. is the shaking and trembling of the Earth’s

crust caused by a sudden release of energy.
__________ 2. seismology from which Greek word _____
which means “to shake”.
__________ 3. The energy that is released is carried by a
vibration called.
__________ 4. waves travel faster than other seismicwaves
__________ 5. waves are a type of elastic wave and are one
of the two main types of elastic body waves.
1. Earthquake
By definition, earthquake is the shaking and trembling of
the Earth’s crust caused by a sudden release of energy. It
occurs when rocks along a certain fault line suddenly move.
FIRM UP

The study of earthquakes and the waves they create is

called seismology (from the Greek word “seismos” which
means “to shake”). In turn, scientists who study earthquakes
are called seismologists. During an earthquake, a sudden
release of stored energy in the Earth’s crust creates seismic
waves. Sometimes they cause tsunamis and fire which may
lead to loss of life and huge damage to property.
How would the surroundings be affected during an
earthquake? As an earthquake occurs, energy moves out in all
directions from the focus. The energy that is released is carried
by a vibration called seismic waves.

2. Types of Seismic Waves

There are four (4) main types of seismic waves: P-
waves and S-waves (which are body waves), and Rayleigh
and Love waves (which are surface waves).

Body Waves Surface Waves

P-Wave or Primary Wave Love Wave
S-Wave or Secondary Rayleigh Wave
Wave

2.1 Types of Body Waves

P and S Wave
Source: https://www.exploratorium.edu/faultline/basics/waves.html

P-Waves or Primary Waves

P-Waves or primary waves travel faster than other

seismic waves. It is considered as the first signal from an
earthquake to be felt. This may be transmitted through gases,
liquids and solids.

S-Waves or Secondary waves

S-Waves or secondary waves are a type of elastic wave
and are one of the two main types of elastic body waves. It is
also called as shear waves.
The distance between the beginning of the first P wave
and the first S wave tells you how many seconds the waves are
apart. This number will be used to tell you how far your
seismograph is from the epicenter of the earthquake.

2.2 Types of Surface Waves

Love and Rayleigh Wave

Source: https://www.exploratorium.edu/faultline/basics/waves.html

Love Wave
Love Wave is named after Augustus Edward Hough
Love. It has a horizontal motion that is transverse to the
direction the wave is travelling and is considered to be the
fastest surface wave and moves the ground from side to side.

Rayleigh Wave
Rayleigh Waves move in an elliptical motion, producing
both vertical and horizontal motions. This moves the ground up
and down and side to side in the same direction that the wave
is moving. It is named after Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt).

3. Locating the Epicenter

Seismologists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake
by using triangulation method. When seismic data is collected
from at least three (3) different locations, it can be used to
determine the epicenter of an earthquake by where it
intersects. Hence, scientists need at least three (3) seismic
stations to clearly identify the location.

3.1 Location of an Epicenter

The epicenter is usually the location where the waves
from an earthquake are highly intense. As a result, it is also the
area where the most damage can possibly occur. However, it is
not always the case. If an earthquake is particularly large, it
may run across a large section of a plate boundary. In this
 case, the epicenter might only be one of the many hotspot
areas and the damage could be greater elsewhere.

4. Measuring Earthquake and Safety Precautionary Measures

Most earthquakes are caused by the sudden slip along
fault lines. It slips because of the movement of the Earth’s
tectonic plates leading to ground shaking which further results
to landslides and other rock movements. Some of the primary
effects that are caused by earthquakes are tsunamis, loss of
properties and lives, while the lack of water, food, electricity
and telecommunications are considered as some of the
secondary effects.

Activity 2:

DEEPEN Let’s Infer!

Guide Questions:
1. Based on the pictures given above, what can you infer
about all of them as a whole?
2. Have you experience any from the picture shown? If
yes, share your experience.
3. What might be the possible cause of those tragedy?

Activity 3
Let’s Review!
1. What is the cause of an earthquake?
2. How does a hypocenter differ from an epicenter?
3. How can we locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
4. What are the different measurements used to determine
the magnitude of an earthquake.
5. Complete the table below by citing the differences
between an epicenter and a hypocenter based on their
characteristics. Write your answers on a separate sheet
of paper.
Characteristics Epicenter Hypocenter
 Location on
Earth’s Surface

Associated waves

TRANSFER Performance Task 1.

“SURVIVAL KIT”
Having gained knowledge on the different disasters that may
occur in our country, it is important that people practice disaster
preparedness. For this performance task, you will prepare a
survival kit for the whole family; you will present your survival
kit by taking a video of yourself showing and elaborating why
you’ve choice the things in the survival kit for your family.

Performance Task 2.

“DISASTER PREPAREDNESS VIDEO”

Plate movements can cause earthquakes.
Earthquakes are an inevitable natural occurrence and no one
or nothing can control it. The National Earthquake Information
Center (NEIC) in Colorado, U.S.A recorded an average of 50
earthquakes a day and an average of 20,000 earthquakes a
year. Given this, the best way that we can do is to always be
ready and prepared for this natural phenomenon to ensure
safety when disaster strikes.

The Department of Science and Technology (DOST

Diliman, Quezon City prepared guidelines and procedures to
do before, during and after an earthquake. To practice these
guidelines, participate in earthquake drills in school.

In line with the earthquake drill, your task is to take a

video of yourself at least 2 minutes long, showcasing proper
behavior and procedures to do before, during, and after
earthquake through role playing. You will have the freedom to
choose which role will you showcase in this activity, your
 choices will be either presenting the things to do before an
earthquake occur, or show the procedure during an
earthquake, and lastoption will be demonstrating the different
things to do after the earthquake.

Scoring Rubrics:
Performance Task 1:
“SURVIVAL KIT”

Criteria 1 pt. 2 pt. 3 pt. 4 pt. Rating

Survival Kit
Items The kit The kit The kit The kit
 (35%) contains less contains at contains at contains at
than 5 items least 5 items least 10 items least 15 items
necessary for necessary for necessary for necessary for
survival during survival during survival during survival during
disaster. disaster. disaster. disaster.
Labels and Uses Less than 5 At least 5 At least 10 At least 15
(20%) items are items are items are items are
properly properly properly properly
labeled and labeled and labeled and labeled and
can be used can be used can be used can be used
during a during a during a during a
disaster. disaster. disaster. disaster.
Neatness and The kit is not The kit is The kit is neat The kit is neat
Organization neatly somewhat with some and well-
(15%) organized. neatly organization. organized.
organized.
Presentation The The The The
(20%) presentation of presentation at presentation at presentation of
less than 50% least 50% of least 80% of all the items in
of the items in the items in the items in the kit and
the kit and the kit and the kit and their uses was
their uses was their uses was their uses was very well
well executed. well executed. well executed executed
Timeliness The kit was The kit was The kit was The kit was
(10%) presented at presented at presented at presented on
least three least two days least one days the project
days after the after the after the deadline.
project project project
deadline. deadline. deadline.
Final Score

Scoring Rubrics:
Performance Task 2:
“DISASTER PREPAREDNESS VIDEO”

Criteria 1 pt. 2 pt. 3 pt. 4 pt. Rating

Content The video The video
(35%) presents less presents at The video The video
than 50% least 50% presents at presents at
appropriate appropriate least 80% least 100%
and complete and complete appropriate appropriate
 tips on tips on disaster and complete and complete
disaster preparedness. tips on disaster tips on disaster
preparedness. preparedness preparedness.
Organization The video The events The events The events
(15%) lacks logical and message and message and message
sequence of appear are logically are logically
information disconnected presented and presented and
and included and included included included well
no citations. few citations. properly cited cited
resources. resources.
Quality The video The video The video The video is
(15%) lacks many lacks many lacks many complete and
required required required has all
elements and elements. It is elements. It is requirements.
totally edited with still needs It is well edited
unedited with unsuccessful editing. with smooth
no transitions transitions and Transition are and successful
or any sound sound effects successful and transitions and
effects. that are the sound suitable sound
unsuitable to effects are effects.
the scenes. suitable
Documentation The group has The group The group The group
(20%) no documentation documentation documentation
documentation shows only shows few shows all
on any group two group group group
meetings. meetings meetings and meetings and
discussion. discussion.
Participation At least 50% At least 75% of At least 90% of All group
(10%) of the group the group the group members have
members have members have members have contributed
contributed contributed contributed and were part
and were part and were part and were part of the final
of the final of the final of the final project.
project. project. project.
Timeliness The video was The video was The video was The video was
(5%) submitted at submitted at submitted one submitted on
least 3 days least 2 days days after the the project
after the after the project deadline.
project project deadline.
deadline. deadline.
 Video Length The video is The video is The video is The video
(5%) longer than (or longer than (or longer than (or meet the
short by) 10 short by) 5 short by) 2 prescribed
minutes. minutes. minutes. length of time.
Final Score

Prepared by: Noted by:

SARAH H. FRANCISCO, LPT ROY M. CATIMBANG, LPT

Adviser Science Coordinator

Recommending Approval:

CYNTHIA A. ORAA, MAT

JHS - Asst. Principal

Approved:

EVELETH C. GAMBOA, Ph.D.

Principal- Basic Education Unit