Batik Document

TIE AND DYE
INTRODUCTION
Tie and dye, a form of resist dyeing, is a technique of patterning

fabric by tying parts of it in different ways to prevent the penetration
of dyes. This craft is one of the oldest in the world for making colored
designs on a fabric. The technique involves dyeing a fabric which is
tied tightly with a thread at several points in various colors, thus
producing a variety of patterns like Lehriya, Mothda, Ekdali and
Shikari depending on the manner in which the cloth is tied.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
• Dyeing Surface: Disposable work surfaces such as cardboard or

plastic tarp work well.
• Work space protection: Plastic sheets covered with newspaper

provide good workspace protection.
• Personal protection: rubber gloves to protect skin from fixer

irritation and dye staining; eye protection to protect eyes from
splashing fixer water; dust masks to prevent breathing powders.
• “Paint shirts” to protect clothing.
• Bucket to mix fixer solution
• Pitcher or jar to mix chemical water or hot water
• Cups, bottles or other containers in which to mix dye colors.
• Ties: Big, thin rubber bands, twine, sinew, zip ties, etc. all work well
to tie fabric.
• Pipettes, squeeze bottles, or other tools to apply dye.
• Measuring cups and measuring teaspoons.

DYEING PROCESS
• Step 1: Wash fabric to remove any sizing or oils on the fabric that
may interfere with the dye
• Step 2: Prepare fixer water - In a plastic bucket, or other suitable

container, mix ¾ cup dye fixer per gallon of warm water. Expand
recipe as needed.
• Step 3: Soak Fabric - Soak the material to be dyed in the dye fixer
solution. Let the fabric soak in the solution for 5 to 10 minutes, or
until the fabric is completely saturated.
• Step 4: Fold, Twist or Tie - Wring out excess fixer water back into
the fixer water bucket. Place the “fixed” fabric on dyeing surface and
fold, twist or tie it into the pattern you want to dye.
• Step 5: Mix dye colors - In this stage, you are not making big
buckets full of dye. You will be mixing dye powder with plain warm
water in cups, bottles, or other containers in small, concentrated
batches.
• Step 6: Apply the dye - With fabric on dyeing surface, apply dye to
fabric by squirting dye onto the fabric with a squeeze bottle tool.
Most dyeing patterns call for saturating the fabric with dye. The
mistake most beginners make is to not squirt enough dye into the
fabric. Apply all the different colors at this time. Flip the fabric over
and apply dye to both sides of the fabric, saturating each side of the
fabric
• Step 7: After you dye - After you are done dyeing the fabric, leave it
alone. Do not untie it. Do not hang it up to dry. Leave it tied up, and
leave it alone. Let the fabric sit for 2-24 hours.
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED DURING DYEING
PROCESS
• Something to Dye - The first thing you need is the item you wish to
dye. You just need to make sure it is at least 60% cotton.
• Something to Tie With - You also need rubber bands or string to tie
up the item you will be dyeing.
• Fabric Dye - When it comes to dye, you have a few options. RIT
brand dye, Dylon dye, etc.
• Protective clothing – Anything will do (an old t-shirt or even a large

plastic bag) just as long as it covers
your cloth.
• Rubber Gloves - To protect your

hands from the dye.
• Squirt or Spray Bottles

- Can be used to apply
some brands of dye.
• Salt - Used with RIT dye to help make darker colors more vibrant.
•Newspaper and/or Plastic Garbage Bag- Used to protect your work

area.
• Rags, Paper Towels, Cleanser -

For quick cleanup
INTRODUCTION
BLOCK PRINTING on textiles is the process of printing patterns on

textiles, usually of linen, cotton or silk, by means of incised wooden
blocks. It is the earliest, simplest and slowest of all methods of textile
printing. Block printing by hand is a slow process. It is, however,
capable of yielding highly artistic results, some of which are
unobtainable by any other method.
Tools
 The main tools of the printer are wooden blocks in different

shapes - square, rectangle, oval, round and semi-circular or
crescent - and sizes called bunta.
 Blocks are hand-carved of seasoned teak wood by trained
craftsmen.
 On the bottom face the motif are engraved with steel chisels of
different widths and cutting surface by the carver.
 Each block has a wooden handle and two to three cylindrical
holes drilled into the block for free air passage and also to allow
release of excess printing paste Block printing on textiles is the
process of printing patterns on textiles, usually of linen, cotton
or silk, by means of incised wooden blocks.
 These blocks sometimes have metal over the wood.
BLOCK CARVING
Blocks are made of seasoned teak wood by trained craftsmen. The

underside of the block has the design hand carved on it by the block
maker. Each block has a wooden handle and two to three cylindrical
holes drilled into the block for free air passage and also to allow
release of excess printing paste. The new blocks are soaked in oil for
10-15 days to softenthe grains in the timber.
PROCESS OF PRINTING
Step 1: First, the fabric to be printed is washed free of starch (size

material) and soft bleached. If dyeing is required (as in the case of
saris where borders or the body is dyed) it is done before printing.
The fabric is again washed to remove excess dye and dried
thoroughly.
Step 2: The fabric is stretched over the printing table and fastened
with small pins. This is an important stage as there should be a
uniform tension in the fabric with no ripples.
Step 3: The dyes or the pigments to be used are kept ready for
application.
Step 4: Under the pigment tray is another tray containing a thick

viscous liquid made from pigment binder and glue. This gives the
color tray a soft base which helps to spread color evenly on the
wooden block. Small squeeze is used to spread the color paste over
the tray.
Step 5: The printing starts from left to right. The color is evened out
in the tray with a wedge of wood and the block dipped into the
outline color (usually black or a dark color).
Step 6: When the block is applied to the fabric, it is slammed hard

with the fist on the back of the handle so that a good impression may
register.
Step 7: The fabric is sun-dried, which is part of the colour-fixing

process.
MAKING OF DYE PASTE AND COLOR TRAY
Step 1: For making the color tray very first dye paste is prepared by
mixing thickener, binder and dye. The dye paste should not be very
thick (disadvantage: dye will not give even printing) or water
(disadvantage: dye paste will spread over the fabric).
Step 2: Now the tray (palia) is taken which is made of wood,

generally the size of tray is 7 inches in breadth and 10inches in length
and 2 inches deep but sometimes sizes can be varies according to
size of block. Now, the dye paste is transferred to the tray (palia)
from the bucket.
Step 3: After that put a net like square frame made of bamboo sticks
called “THARTHARI” (bamboo sticks are tied with nylon thread in
form of net)
Step 4: Level of the color will be equal to the level of tharthari on

color tray.
Step 5: On the top of the jute fabric, mulmul fabric is kept and above
mulmul, georgette fabric is kept, if we want design
INTRODUCTION
Screen printing involves "pushing" ink through a screen over a

stencil. It is also known as silkscreen, seriography, and serigraph.
One screen (mesh stencil) is used for each color to be printed -

screens must be lined up (or registered) and printed on test sheets to
ensure that all of the colors line up correctly. Inks are then pushed
through the screens one color at a time onto the apparel. Finally,
each piece is run through a large dryer to cure the inks.
TOOLS AND MATERIALS
 Frame - Made from wood or metal. Has grooves

 Screen - Fabric made up of fine, evenly spaced strands
 Adhering Solution - Solution used to “stick” film to the screen
 Squeegee - Instrument used to “push” ink through screen
 Alignment tab - Keeps paper in the same place
 Film - Two parts: emulsion with plastic backing
 Block out - Commonly newsprint held on w/ masking tape
 Cutting Board - Poster board on which you cut film
 Screen Printing Base - Plywood with 2 thumb-screw clamps
 Build-up - Pad of used newspaper.
PROCESS
Step 1 -Porous fabric is stretched across frame
Step 2-Stencil is adhered to fabric blocking out portions and leaving

open the desired image area.
Step 3-Ink is poured onto fabric and forced through image area using
a squeegee
Step 4-Multiple prints are created by repeating the process on new

substrates.
Step 5-Ink is deposited on substrate, producing image of cut stencil.
Step 6- After that fabric are sun dried.

INTRODUCTION
The word batik actually means 'wax writing'. It is a way of decorating

cloth by covering a part of it with a coat of wax and then dyeing the
cloth. The waxed areas keep their original colour and when the wax
is removed the contrast between the dyed and undyed areas makes
the pattern.
Batik is a technique of wax-resist dying applied to whole cloth, or

cloth made using this technique. Batik is made either by drawing
dots and lines of the resist with a spouted tool called a canting. A
tradition of making batik is found in various countries, including
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Sri Lanka, Philippines and
Nigeria.
HAND BATIK
BLOCK BATIK
RAW MATERIAL USED
i) Cotton or silk cloth is used for batik (synthetic materials are

generally not used).
ii) Paraffin wax is used in the process.
iii) Dyes -Napthol, Direct and Vat dyes are all used in the dyeing
process.
iv) Firewood and kerosene for heating the wax.
V) Blocks to make block batik.

PROCESS OF HAND AND BLOCK BATIK
Step 1: Cotton fabric is bleached (with bleaching powder and water)

and kept overnight for whiteness. This process is done by machine or
manually.
Step 2: Wax printing is done either with the hand, using a brush or
with the blocks The table on which printing is done is kept cool with
sand and water so that the wax does not spread and the design stays
consistent throughout. paraffin wax is melted and kept on the stove .
Step 3: After the initial printing, the fabric is dipped in a color fixer.
Step 4: The fabric is then dipped in napthol dye (say red) for 10-15
minutes.
Step 5: If only a single color is required, then after this the cloth can
be dipped in hot water so that the wax comes off and one gets the
required pattern and color.
Step 6: If any white spots are left and one doesn’t want that, then
the fabric could be dipped once more in any direct dye (say yellow).
This process is called ‘topping’.
Step 7: If one wants more patterns and colors, reprinting could be

done with wax and the whole process is repeated again.
MATERIAL EXPLORATION
AND WORKSHOP
TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC – DYEING AND PRINTING
SUBMITTED TO - DR ABHIJIT MUKHERJEE

SUBMITTED BY - ANKITA KUMARI
UNIQUE ID - BFT/18/244
BLOCK
PRINTING
BATIK
PRINTING
SCREEN
PRINTING

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What are the different types of resist dyeing techniques discussed?

What are the different types of resist dyeing techniques discussed?

What are the main steps involved in the tie and dye process?

What are the main steps involved in the tie and dye process?

TIE AND DYE

Tie and dye, a form of resist dyeing, is a technique of patterning

• Dyeing Surface: Disposable work surfaces such as cardboard or

• Work space protection: Plastic sheets covered with newspaper

• Personal protection: rubber gloves to protect skin from fixer

• “Paint shirts” to protect clothing.

• Bucket to mix fixer solution

• Pitcher or jar to mix chemical water or hot water

• Cups, bottles or other containers in which to mix dye colors.

• Pipettes, squeeze bottles, or other tools to apply dye.

• Measuring cups and measuring teaspoons.

• Step 2: Prepare fixer water - In a plastic bucket, or other suitable

• Protective clothing – Anything will do (an old t-shirt or even a large

• Rubber Gloves - To protect your

• Squirt or Spray Bottles

•Newspaper and/or Plastic Garbage Bag- Used to protect your work

• Rags, Paper Towels, Cleanser -

BLOCK PRINTING on textiles is the process of printing patterns on

 The main tools of the printer are wooden blocks in different

Blocks are made of seasoned teak wood by trained craftsmen. The

Step 1: First, the fabric to be printed is washed free of starch (size

Step 4: Under the pigment tray is another tray containing a thick

Step 6: When the block is applied to the fabric, it is slammed hard

Step 7: The fabric is sun-dried, which is part of the colour-fixing

Step 2: Now the tray (palia) is taken which is made of wood,

Step 4: Level of the color will be equal to the level of tharthari on

Screen printing involves "pushing" ink through a screen over a

One screen (mesh stencil) is used for each color to be printed -

 Frame - Made from wood or metal. Has grooves

Step 1 -Porous fabric is stretched across frame

Step 2-Stencil is adhered to fabric blocking out portions and leaving

Step 4-Multiple prints are created by repeating the process on new

Step 5-Ink is deposited on substrate, producing image of cut stencil.

Step 6- After that fabric are sun dried.

The word batik actually means 'wax writing'. It is a way of decorating

Batik is a technique of wax-resist dying applied to whole cloth, or

i) Cotton or silk cloth is used for batik (synthetic materials are

ii) Paraffin wax is used in the process.

iv) Firewood and kerosene for heating the wax.

V) Blocks to make block batik.

Step 1: Cotton fabric is bleached (with bleaching powder and water)

Step 7: If one wants more patterns and colors, reprinting could be

TOPIC – DYEING AND PRINTING

SUBMITTED TO - DR ABHIJIT MUKHERJEE

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