Case Study of Historical Preservation + Adaptive ReUse

KANSAS CITY UNION STATION
CASE STUDY : HISTORICAL PRESERVATION + ADAPTIVE REUSE

1903
• The second great Kansas City flood consumes the railroad station
(Union Depot) in the city's West Bottoms district. Rail executives
decide to build a new train station on higher ground and in a
more central location.
1906
• Twelve railroad companies unite to form the Kansas City

Terminal Railroad (KCTR). Chicago architect Jarvis Hunt is
selected to design the new station.
1911
• Construction begins on the massive building. Union Station is

designed in the beaux-arts architectural style popular in the
United States and France in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
OCTOBER 30, 1914
• Kansas Union Station
opened as the third-
largest train station in the
country.
1917
• Rail traffic peaks during
WWI-with 79,368 trains
passing through the
Station, including 271 trains
in one day.
1921
• A large crowd gathered in front of Union Station for the 1921

dedication of the Liberty Memorial site.
JUNE 17, 1933
• The Union Station Massacre marks one of the most infamous

dates in Kansas City history
1945
• Passenger traffic hits a record 678,363 travelers with a
significant number of America's armed forces personnel
passing through Union Station on their way home from World
War II.
1950 - 1970
• Passenger rail traffic starts to decline as the airline industry
grows.
1968
• The Fred Harvey Company operations -- including the
Westport Room restaurant and retail shops -- close.
1972
• Union Station receives federal designation as a protected

structure and is placed on the National Register of Historic
Places.
1973
• Passenger traffic drops to only 32,842 for the year. Only six
trains a day pass through the Station.
1974
• Kansas City approves a development contract with Trizec, a
Canadian redevelopment firm, to develop the Station and
surrounding property.
1979 - 1986
• Trizec constructs two office
buildings, One and Two
Pershing Square, on the
property around the Station
but is unable to make
improvements to the
building.
1983
• The Station closes except for Amtrak's inflatable bubble inside
the Grand Hall and the Lobster Pot restaurant. Amtrak leaves
in 1985 and the Lobster Pot closes in 1989.
1988
• The city of Kansas City, Mo. initiates legal action against the
redevelopment company for failing to redevelop the Station.
1994
• The City and Trizec agree to settle their six-year lawsuit. A
new not-for-profit corporation, Union Station Assistance
Corporation (USAC), is established to own the Station.
1996
• Approved a one-eighth of a cent bi-state sales tax to restore
and redevelop Union Station and create a science museum.
NOVEMBER 10, 1999
• Union Station opens to the public once again. The building,

restored to its former glory, now includes shops, restaurants,
theaters, exhibits and Science City, an interactive science
center.
DECEMBER 2002
• Amtrak train service returns to Union Station.
SEPTEMBER 2005
• KC Rail Experience opens
2008
• 20,000 sq. foot Exhibit Gallery opens
2010
• Leasing of Offices
2011 - 2013
• Science City Upgrades
GRAND HALL
GRAND PLAZA / NORTH WAITING HALL
FRONT OF UNION STATION
MARC ERVIN
TABIRAO
• Located at
downtown
Dallas, Texas
• 68-acre, 19-
block
neighborhoo
d in the heart
of the city
• Dallas Art
District is
home to
some of the
finest
architecture
in the world
HISTORY
• 1970s : The city of Dallas hired a series of

consultants to determine how the city
could best house its arts and cultural
institutions.
• 1978 : The consultants recommended
that Dallas take the scattered major
arts institutions from across the city and
move them all together.
• The northeast end of downtown
presented itself as the best location for
this new conglomerate of institutions.
• Designed by Sasaki Associates in 1983
• Sasaki Plan
• Soon a lively mix of cultural and

commercial destinations popped up,
effortlessly blending contemporary and
historic architecture.
ICONIC STRUCTURES
Dallas Museum of Arts
Edward Larabee Barnes
1984
NASHER SCULPTURE CENTER
Renzo Piano
2003
A.H. BELO MANSION
1800 -90
TRAMMELL CROW CENTER
Richard Keating
1984
CHASE BANK TOWER
Richard Keating
1987
CATHEDRAL GUADALUPE
Nicholas Clayton
1902
MORTON H. MEYERSON
I.M. PEI
1989
WYLY THEATRE
REM KOOLHAAS
2009
WINSPEAR OPERA
HOUSE
Norman Foster, Spencer De Gray
2009
THE SASAKI PLAN
o The Dallas
Arts District
Urban Design
Plan 1982
o Guidelines
PURPOSE
The purpose pf the Dallas Arts District
Plan is to guide the design and
construction of new and replacement
features in the Dallas Arts District. Any
qualifying project must comply with
the vision laid out in this document
based on an urban design review by
the Dallas Arts District Review
Committee
4 Goals of the Master Plan:
1) Enable additional uses to join an expanded Arts District

boundary, including housing, to create a more bustling,
livable, walkable and more urbane neighborhood.
2) Improve the connections between the Arts District and
downtown neighborhoods, via streetscape
improvements, landscape design, transit and public art.
3) Update urban design and development guidelines for
areas immediately adjoining the Arts District to make
certain that the quality and urban character of the
private investment matches that of the cultural
institutions themselves.
4) Increase the programming of activities so that more
Dallas citizens are attracted to participate in the
experiences, performances, events and personality of
the environment.
Five Strategies
1. Transform Pearl Street into the “Avenue to the

Arts”.
2. Reinvigorate Flora Street as the cultural core
of the Arts District.
3. Embrace Ross Avenue as a mixed-use
commercial corridor.
4. Expand and update wayfinding, signage,
public art, and gateway experiences.
5. Enhance pedestrian connections in all
directions, with a focus to the west (Perot
Museum, West End, and Victory Park).
PEARL STREET
EXISTING PEARL STREET
STRATEGY NO. 1 Transform Pearl Street into
the “Avenue to the Arts”.
FLORA STREET
EXISTING FLORA STREET
STRATEGY NO. 2 Reinvigorate Flora Street as
the cultural core of the Arts District.
ROSS AVENUE
EXISTING ROSS AVE
STRATEGY NO. 3 Embrace Ross Avenue as a
mixed-use commercial corridor.
STRATEGY NO. 4 Expand and update
wayfinding, signage, public art, and
gateway experiences.
STRATEGY NO. 5 Enhance pedestrian
connections in all directions, with a focus to
the west (Perot Museum, West End, and
Victory Park).
GUIDELINES

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KANSAS CITY UNION STATION

CASE STUDY : HISTORICAL PRESERVATION + ADAPTIVE REUSE

• Twelve railroad companies unite to form the Kansas City

• Construction begins on the massive building. Union Station is

• A large crowd gathered in front of Union Station for the 1921

• The Union Station Massacre marks one of the most infamous

• Union Station receives federal designation as a protected

• Union Station opens to the public once again. The building,

• 1970s : The city of Dallas hired a series of

• Designed by Sasaki Associates in 1983

• Soon a lively mix of cultural and

1) Enable additional uses to join an expanded Arts District

1. Transform Pearl Street into the “Avenue to the

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