All Quizzes Questions: Gas Turbines (F-2020)

Attempt all questions and list-down your queries. We’ll have discussion session
on 21-01-2021 during our class.

Quiz-1
1. The jet engine designer will generally attempt to:
(2 Points)
Minimize the airflow per unit size of the engine
Maximize the airflow per unit size of the engine
Create suitable operating conditions

2. Mark the correct statement for a jet engine:

(1 Point)
Forms an energy transfer mechanism
Completely describes the propulsion system

3. High subsonic forward speed of an aircraft will manifest:

(2 Points)
Externally accelerating stream tube pattern
Parallel streams pattern
Externally decelerating stream tube pattern

4. In the production of net thrust best advantage is obtained by keeping:

(2points)
(a) High pressure thrust
(b) Low magnitude of pressure thrust
(c) No pressure thrust

5. An aircraft flying with a speed of 250 m/s is being observed by two persons, X on
ground and Y in the cockpit. The air mass flow rate into the engine is 30 kg/s and
exhaust jet velocity with respect to Y is 620 m/s. What will be the exhaust jet velocity
with respect to X?
(2 Points)
620 m/s
370 m/s
Zero

6. An aircraft flying with a speed of 250 m/s is being observed by two persons, X on
ground and Y in the cockpit. The air mass flow rate into the engine is 30 kg/s and
exhaust jet velocity with respect to Y is 620 m/s. What will be the air momentum flux
entering the engine with respect to X?
(2 Points)
Zero
7.5 kN
9.2 kN

7. An aircraft flying with a speed of 250 m/s is being observed by two persons, X on
ground and Y in the cockpit. The air mass flow rate into the engine is 30 kg/s and
exhaust jet velocity with respect to Y is 620 m/s. If fuel-air ratio and pressure thrust is
ignored, what will be the intake momentum drag with respect to Y?
(2 Points)
7.5 kN
8.7 kN
10.1 kN

8. An aircraft flying with a speed of 250 m/s is being observed by two persons, X on
ground and Y in the cockpit. The air mass flow rate into the engine is 30 kg/s and
exhaust jet velocity with respect to Y is 620 m/s. What will be the optimum thrust with
respect to X?
(2 Points)
9.6 kN
13.7 kN
11.1 kN

9. The following flight data applies to an aircraft: flight velocity = 240.5 m/s, mass flow
rate = 40 kg/s, ambient temperature = 225 K, exhaust jet velocity = 886.1 m/s. If fuel-air
ratio and the pressure thrust are ignored, what will be the propulsive efficiency of the
aircraft?
(3 Points)
38.2 %
44 %
49.1 %

10. The following flight data applies to an aircraft: flight velocity = 240.5 m/s, mass flow
rate = 40 kg/s, ambient temperature = 225 K, exhaust jet velocity = 886.1 m/s. If the
thermal efficiency is 46.3 %, what will be the overall efficiency of the aircraft?
(2 Points)
26.45 %
28.71 %
 20.37 %

Quiz-2
An aircraft with simple turbojet engine is flying with Mach 0.85 while inducting air at a rate
of 59 kg/s at an altitude where Ta = 218.2 K and Pa = 18.76 kPa.
Compressor pressure ratio is 7 and the component efficiencies are: compressor = 0.74,
burner = 0.92. Heating value of the fuel is 44745.6 kJ/kg and the cycle maximum
temperature is 1138.9 K.

Conditions at the nozzle exit are: static pressure (Pe) = 35.77 kPa; static temperature
(Te) = 749.3 K; exhaust area = 0.673 m2; exhaust velocity = 535.6 m/s.
Assume γ = 1.4 and Cp = 1.005 kJ/kg K throughout and the components location as
follows:

(a)– (1) Stream tube; (1) – (2) Intake; (2) – (3) Compressor; (3) – (4) Combustion
chamber; (4) – (5) Turbine; (5) – (e) Convergent nozzle.

Questions

1.Stagnation temperature at compressor entry (T02)

(3 Points)
280.3 K
249.7 K
223.6 K

2.Stagnation temperature at compressor exit (T03)

(3 Points)
500.6 K
515.1 K
532.9 K

3.Fuel-air ratio
(3 Points)
About 0.01603
About 0.01587
About 0.01411

4.Stagnation temperature at turbine (T05)

(3 Points)
Between 810 - 825 K
Between 830 - 860 K
 Between 880 - 910 K

5.Net thrust
(3 Points)
Between 37 - 40 kN
Between 25 - 34 kN
Between 20 - 24 kN

6.Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption (TSFC)

(2 Points)
Between 101 - 107 kg/kN. hr
Between 108 - 113 kg/kN. hr
Between 115 - 122 kg/kN. hr

7.Thermal efficiency
(3 Points)
Between 13 - 19 %
Between 20 - 23 %
Between 24 - 27 %

Quiz-3
The following data apples to a simple turbojet flying with Mach 0.4 at an altitude where T a
= 288 K and Pa = 101.325 kPa. Air induction (steady) = 1 kg/s; Compressor pressure ratio
= 12; TIT = 1400 K; Heating value of fuel = 45,000 kJ/kg.

Component Efficiencies: Compressor = 87%; Burner = 100%; Turbine = 89%

Assumptions: (i) Isentropic flow through diffuser and convergent nozzle, (ii) no pressure
loss across combustion chamber and, (iii) air constants both for cold and hot flow: c p =
1.005 kJ/kg K; R = 0.287 kJ/kg K and  = 1.4.

Consider the components locations as follows: (a)– (1) Stream tube; (1) – (2) Intake; (2)
– (3) Compressor; (3) – (4) Combustion chamber; (4) – (5) Turbine; (5) – (e) Convergent
nozzle

1. Stagnation temperature T03 will be:

(a) About 590oC
(b) About 650oC
(c) About 680oC

2. Work input to the compressor:

(a) Around 410 kJ/kg
(b) Around 385 kJ/kg
 (c) Around 355 kJ/kg

3. Fuel-air ratio:
(a) Between 0.0160 and 0.0169
(b) Between 0.0170 and 0.0180
(c) Between 0.0150 and 0.0159

4. Flow pressure P05:

(a) About 420 kPa
(b) About 430 kPa
(c) About 440 kPa

5. Static pressure Pe:

(a) Around 101 kPa
(b) Around 145 kPa
(c) Around 225 kPa

6. Exhaust nozzle operating condition:

(a) Over-expanded
(b) Under-expanded
(c) Fully-expanded

Quiz-4
1.For commercial turbofan aircraft presently in service, propulsive efficiency is in the
range of:
(1 Point)
(a) 50-59%
(b) 60-69%
(c) 70-80%

2.Far a turbofan engine power required to derive the fan depends on:
(1 Point)
(a) Both cold and hot mass flow rate
(b) Hot mass flow rate only
(c) Cold mass flow rate only

3.Low-bypass-ratio turbofans are more fuel efficient than the basic turbojet.
(1 Point)
(a) Incorrect
(b) Correct
(c) It depends on the bypass ratio

4.For a turbofan the bypass ratio and the thrust are:

(1 Point)
(a) Directly proportional
(b) Inversely proportional
 (c) Depends on core engine operation

5.The ratio of the mass-flow of air passing through the core divided by the mass-flow of
air bypassing the engine core is referred to as the bypass ratio.
(1 Point)
(a) True
(b) False

6.Most commercial aviation turbofan jet engines in use today are of:
(1 Point)
(a) Low-bypass type
(b) High-bypass type
(c) Almost equal in number

7.For the same thrust, a higher bypass ratio provides:

(1 Point)
(a) Lower fuel consumption
(b) Higher fuel consumption
(c) Depends on the core engine

8.Bypass usually refers to transferring gas power from a gas turbine to a bypass stream
of air to reduce jet noise.
(1 Point)
(a) True
(b) False
(c) No dependence of jet noise on bypass ratio

9.Turbofan engine is considered to be the most efficient engine in the speeds range of:
(1 Point)
(a) 1,100 to 1,500 km/h
(b) 500 to 1,000 km/h
(c) 100 to 400 km/h

10.Turbofans retain an efficiency edge over pure turbojets at:

(1 Point)
(a) Subsonic and transonic speeds range
(b) High supersonic speeds (Mach 2.5 and above)
(c) Low supersonic speeds (up to Mach 1.6)

11.A turbojet and a turbofan are compared for mechanical losses:

(1 Point)
(a) Turbojet has more losses
(b) Turbofan encounters more losses
(c) Both have almost similar losses

12.Compared with a pure turbojet, the average exhaust velocity of a turbofan is:
(1 Point)
(a) About the same
(b) Pretty higher
(c) Considerably lower

13.Turbofan engine noise propagates:

(1 Point)
(a) Only upstream
(b) Only downstream
(c) Both upstream and downstream

14.The specific fuel consumption of turbofan is:

(1 Point)
(a) Higher than turbojet
(b) Lower than turbojet
(c) About the same as that of turbojet

15.The primary source of jet noise in the turbofan engine exhaust is:
(1 Point)
(a) The turbulent mixing of shear layers
(b) Flow temperature at nozzle exit
(c) Tubromachines

16.For a turbofan engine reducing the core mass flow tends to:
(a) reduce the load on LP turbine
(b) increase the load on LP turbine
(c) increase the load on HP turbine
(1 Point)

17.Turbofan Engines are usually more efficient:

(1 Point)
(a) At maximum RPM
(b) At rated RPM
(c) At low RPM

18.The lower the specific thrust of a turbofan, the lower the mean jet outlet velocity.
(1 Point)
(a) True
(b) False
(c) Depends on the combustion process

19.For any bypass ratio the cold nozzle of a turbofan is seldom choked.
(1 Point)
(a) True
(b) False
(c) Depends on core engine mass flow
20.Stagnation temperature at the fan exit directly affects to the fan efficiency of a
turbofan engine.
(1 Point)
(a) Correct
(b) Incorrect
(c) Other parameters needed to decide

Quiz-5
The following data pertains to a turboprop engine that is ground tested in the
environments with Ta = 288 K and Pa = 1 bar. Conventional conditions prevail at the
nozzle exit:
Air mass flow rate = 14.6 kg/s; compressor work input = 280 kJ/kg; fuel-air ratio =
0.0186; QR = 43000 kJ/kg; cpH = 1.14 kJ/kg.K; ratio of specific heats = 1.336
kJ/kg.K; flow exhaust velocity = 250 m/s.
Conditions at power turbine entry: stagnation pressure = 8.16 bar; stagnation
temperature = 1220 K
Efficiencies: power turbine efficiency = 0.9; mechanical efficiency = 0.95; nozzle
efficiency = 0.98.

1.Nozze operating condition at the exit:

(a) Full expansion
(b) Over expansion
(c) Under expansion
(2 Point)

2.Combined enthalpy drop across power turbine and nozzle if both devices were
isentropic
(a) Close to 740 kJ/kg
(b) Close to 610 kJ/s
(c) Close to 570 kJ/kg
(5 Point)

3. The propeller pitch (alpha):

(a) Around 0.99
(b) Around 0.95
(c) Around 0.85
(4 Point)

4. Actual work input to the power turbine:

(a) Between 470 – 495 kJ/kg
(b) Between 498 – 510 kJ/kg
(c) Between 512 – 520 kJ/kg
(5 Point)

5. The jet thrust:

 (a) Close to 4.05 kN
(b) Close to 3.72 kN
(c) Close to 3.51 kN
(4 Point)

Quiz-6
n a 50% reaction axial turbine stage, air enters the rotor mean radius with absolute
velocity of 300 m/s. The flow coefficient is 0.9.
With the designer prospective what may be the limiting value of absolute flow angle at
rotor entry.

1. Find out the blade peripheral velocity at mean radius

2. Determine the turbine work ratio
3. Calculate the corresponding stagnation temperature drop across the stage.

4. With the designer prospective what may be the limiting value of absolute flow angle
at rotor entry.
5. Find out the blade peripheral velocity at mean radius
6. Determine the turbine work ratio
7. Calculate the corresponding stagnation temperature drop across the stage

Quiz-7
The data given below pertains to an axial compressor stage:

Tangential component of the absolute velocity at rotor entry = 70 m/s

Absolute flow velocity at rotor exit = 240 m/s
Relative flow velocity entering rotor = 240 m/s
Relative flow velocity exiting rotor = 140 m/s
Relative flow angle at rotor exit = 30o

Determine the following:

1. Flow axial velocity

Close to 130 m/s
Close to 120 m/s
Close to 110 m/s

2. Absolute flow velocity at rotor entry

Around 140 m/s
Around 125 m/s
Around 105 m/s

3. Tangential component of the relative velocity at rotor entry

Between 180 – 190 m/s
Between 191 – 201 m/s
Between 202 – 215 m/s
 4. Rotor blade linear velocity [m/s]
Approximately 275 m/s
Approximately 285 m/s
Approximately 295 m/s

5. Work input to the stage [kJ/kg]

About 3825 J/kg

About 3990 J/kg
About 4100 J/kg

6. Degree of reaction

Quiz-8
Air enters the first stage of an axial compressor with an axial velocity of 200 m/s such that
the relative angle at rotor entry is 42.27 degrees. While following the contour of rotor
blade, the relative flow turns through 36.25 degrees towards the axial direction. The static
pressure ratio achieved across the rotor is 1.2. Find out the following parameters:

1. Flow relative velocity at rotor exit.

Between 190 – 210 m/s
Between 211 – 227 m/s
Between 229 – 239 m/s

2. Coefficient of pressure for the rotor

Around 0.62
Around 0.53
Around 0.45

3. Relative Mach No at rotor entry

Close to 0.81
Close to 0.74
Close to 0.70

4. Change in the tangential component of absolute flow

About 269 m/s

About 245 m/s
About 220 m/s
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