KUBS Complete BS Four Years Program-2

KARACHI UNIVESITY BUSINESS SCHOOL
UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI
Modular System for BBA (Hons) Four Years Program

138 Credit Hours Consisting of 46 Courses
Year I Semester I
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 301 Business English I (Grammar) 3
BA (H) 311 Microeconomics 3
BA (H) 321 Basic Mathematics I 3
BA (H) 331 Principles of Accounting 3
BA (H) 341 Introduction to Business 3
BA (H) 351 Islamic Studies / Ethical Behavior (for Non Muslims) 3
18
Year I Semester II
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 302 Macroeconomics 3
BA (H) 312 Business English II (English Composition) 3
BA (H) 322 Business Mathematics II 3
BA (H) 332 Financial Accounting 3
BA (H) 342 Information Technology in Business 3
BA (H) 352 Pakistan Studies 3
18
Year II Semester I
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 411 Human Behavior 3
BA (H) 421 Logic 3
BA (H) 431 Money & Banking 3
BA (H) 441 Business Communication I (Correspondence & Business Report) 3
BA (H) 451 Business Statistics 3
BA (H) 461 Principles of Management 3
18
Year II Semester II
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 412 Introduction to Business Finance 3
BA (H) 422 Business Communication II (Oral Communication & Presentation Skills) 3
BA (H) 432 Statistical Inference 3
BA (H) 442 Organizational Behavior 3
BA (H) 452 Business & Labour Law 3
BA (H) 462 Principles of Marketing 3
18
Year III Semester I
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 511 Cost Accounting 3
BA (H) 521 Environmental Studies 3
BA (H) 531 Community Development 3
BA (H) 541 Economy of Pakistan 3
BA (H) 551 Financial Management 3
BA (H) 561 Computer Application to Business (E-Commerce) 3
18
Year III Semester II
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 512 Enterepreneurship 3
BA (H) 522 Production & Operations Management 3
BA (H) 532 Marketing Management 3
BA (H) 542 Business Research Methods 3
BA (H) 552 Human Resource Management 3
BA (H) 562 Managerial Accounting 3
18
Year IV Semester I
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 601 Consumer Behavior 3
BA (H) 611 Management Information System 3
BA (H) 621 Business Ethics 3
Elective I 3
Elective II 3
15
Year IV Semester II
Course Credit
Course Title
Code Hours
BA (H) 602 Strategic Management 3
BA (H) 612 International Business 3
Elective III 3
Elective IV 3
BA (H) 622 Project Report 3
15
ELECTIVE COURSES FROM FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION
MARKETING SPECIALIZATION
Sales Management
International Marketing
Brand Management
Services Marketing
FINANCE SPECIALIZATION
Analysis of Financial Statements

Treasury & Fund Management
Risk Management
Corporate Finance
Note : Requirement for award of BBA (Hon) Degree Program :
i) Business Internship : 6 - 8 weeks

ii) Comprehensive examination : Evaluation shall be on the basis of pass / fail. There shall be
no grading or marks for comprehensive examination.
KARACHI UNIVERSITY BUSINESS SCHOOL
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS ENGLISH – I (GRAMMAR)
Course Number : BA (H) – 301
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
• The text is concerned with English usage that would prove acceptable in every
way to the most critical reader or listener.
• Focus is made specifically on grammar, word usage, conciseness, clarity,
punctuation, spelling, and dictionary study.
• Case study will be given in each chapter that will provide actual editing practice
on a real business memo or letter.
• Collaborative learning exercises will be given to students that will provide an
opportunity to work together in groups, hence provide learning and editing
correctly.
Course Contents
1. Orientation – Understanding Grammar

1.1 A Preview of the Parts of Speech
1.2 Worksheet Exercise
2. Grammatical Sentences
2.1 Understanding Sentence Grammar
2.2 Understanding Basic Sentences
2.3 Classifying Sentences
3. Nouns and Pronouns

3.1 Compound Subjects and Complements
3.2 Compound Subjects
3.3 Use of Appositives
3.4 Use of Gerund
4. Verbs
4.1 Verb Forms
4.2 Tense
4.3 Moods
4.4 Voice
4.5 Other Complication
5. Agreement
5.1 Agreement between Subject and Verb
5.2 Agreement between Pronouns and Antecedent
6. Adjectives and Adverbs

6.1 Adjectives to Modify Nouns and Pronouns
6.2 Adjectives to Link Verbs to Modify Subjects
6.3 Short Forms of Adverbs
6.4 Comparative and Superlative Forms
7. Clear Sentences
7.1 Sentence Fragments
8. Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

8.1 Pronoun Reference
8.2 Shifts / Person / Number / Tense / Mood / Voice
8.3 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
9. Effective Sentences
9.1 Using Coordination and Subordination
9.2 Using Parallelism
9.3 Emphasizing Main Ideas
9.4 Achieving Variety
10. Punctuation Pointers

10.1 End Punctuation
10.2 The Comma
10.3 The Semicolon
10.4 The Apostrophe
10.5 Quotation Marks
10.6 Other Punctuation Marks
11. Mechanics
11.1 Capitals
11.2 Abbreviations
11.3 Numbers
11.4 Word Division
Recommended Books
1. Barry Robert E., Business English for the 21 Century, Prentice Hall Inc. 1997.
2. Fowler Ramsey H., Jane Aaron E., The Little Brown Handbook, Longmans
Publication, 2003.
3. Guffey, Mary Ellen, Business English, South Western College Publication, (3rd
Edition).
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : MICROECONOMICS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Simply stated, economics is the study how societies choose to allocate scarce resources
among competing uses. Many of the decisions we make are economic decisions, and
many of our interactions with other are influenced by economic institutions.
The objective of this course is to provide basic understanding of economic principles to

everyday life. Economic analysis will help the student to understand society with
economic reasoning.
Course Contents
1. Fundamentals of Economics
1.1 Economic Issues
1.2 Scarcity and the Competing Use of Resources
1.3 The Role of the Market
1.4 The Scope of Economics
a. Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
b. Diversity of Economics
1.5 The Three Problems of Economic Organization : Market, Command and Mixed
Economies
1.6 The Methods of Economics
a. Positive Economics
b. Normative Economics
1.7 Issues and Applications
a. Theories and Models
b. Economic Policy
2. Demand Supply and Market

2.1 What is a Market?
a. Market Mechanism
b. How Markets Solves the Three Economic Problems
c. The Invisible Hand and the Perfect Competition
2.2 Trade, Money and Capital :
a. Trade Specialization and Division of Labor
b. Money : Lubricant of Exchange
c. Capital
2.3 Economic Role of Government :
a. Efficiency
b. Equity
c. Macro Economic Growth and Stability
2.4 Demand, Supply and Equilibrium
2.5 Demand and Supply Curves
2.6 Behind the Demand Curve
2.7 Shifts in Demand Curve
2.8 Behind the Supply Curve
2.9 Shifts in Supply Curve
2.10 Equilibrium of Supply and Demand
3. Application of Supply and Demand

3.1 Elasticity of Demand and Supply
a. Price Elasticity of Demand
b. Calculating Elasticities
c. Elasticity and Revenue
d. Price Elasticity of Supply
e. Other Important Elasticities
3.2 Issues and Applications
a. Price Rationing
b. Elasticity and Tax Revenues
c. Minimum Floors and Maximum Ceilings
4. Demand and Consumer Behavior

4.1 Choice and Utility Theory :
a. Determination of Household Choice
b. Budget Constraint
4.2 Basis of Choice: Utility
a. Diminishing Marginal Utility
b. Allocating Income to Maximize Utility
c. Utility Maximizing Rule
d. Income and Substitution Effect
4.3 Consumer Surplus
a. Application of Consumer Surplus
5. Behavior of Profit Maximizing Firms and Production Process

5.1 Basic Concepts
5.2 The Production Function
5.3 Total, Average and Marginal Product
5.4 Law of Diminishing Returns
5.5 Returns to Scale (Short Run and Long Run)
6. Analysis of Costs
6.1 Short Run Costs and Output Decisions
a. Fixed Cost
b. Variable Cost
c. Total Cost
6.2 Output Decisions :
a. Total Revenue
b. Marginal Revenue
c. Comparing Costs and Revenues to Maximize Profits
d. The Short Run Supply Curve
6.3 Costs and Output Decisions in Long Run
a. Short Run Condition and Long Run Direction
b. Maximizing Profits
c. Minimizing Losses
6.4 Long Run Costs : Economies and Diseconomies of Scale
a. Increasing Returns to Scale
b. Constant Returns to Scale
c. Decreasing Returns to Scale
6.5 Issues and Applications : External Economies and Diseconomies
6.6 Long Run Adjustments to Short Run Conditions
7. Behavior of Perfectly Competitive Markets

7.1 Supply Behavior of Competitive Firm
7.2 Supply Behavior of Competitive Industries
7.3 Efficiency and Equity of Competitive Markets
8. Imperfect Competition : Monopoly, Duopoly and Oligopoly

8.1 Patterns of Imperfect Competition
8.2 Marginal Revenue and Imperfect Competition
8.3 Behavior of Imperfect Competitors
8.4 Control, Innovation and Information
9. Factor Markets : Land, Labor, Capital and Income Distribution

9.1 Production Theory (Review)
9.2 Demand and Supply of Factors of Production
9.3 Determination of Factor Price by Supply and Demand
10. Labor Market

10.1 Fundamental of Wage Determination
10.2 Land and Rent
a. Rent as Return to Fixed Factors
10.3 Capital and Interest
Recommended Books :
1. Karl E. Case and Ray C. Fair, Principles of Economics, Prentice Hall International Inc.
8th Edition, 2007.
2. McConnel and Bruce, Economics, McGraw Hill Inc., 15/e, 1999
3. Michael Parkin, Economics, Addison-Wesley International Inc., 1990
4. Samuelson, Paul A. and Nordhaus, William D., Economics, McGraw Hill Inc., 18th Edition,
2005.
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : BASIC MATHEMATICS – I
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The Objective of this course is to provide a clear understanding of basic mathematical

concepts and techniques to solve business related issues.
The use of mathematical knowledge has become an indispensable tool in business,

government and virtually every organization. Familiarity with basic mathematical tools is
essential for students to comprehend the business world around them.
Course Contents
1.
1.1 Preliminaries
1.2 Basic Algebra
1.3 Ratios
1.4 Proportions
1.5 Percentages
2.
2.1 Progressions of Sequence and Series and their Application in Business
3.
3.1 Linear Equations and Inequalities
3.2 System of Linear Equations
3.3 Linear Functions and Its Application
3.4 Simultaneous Equations
3.5 Break – Even Models
4.
4.1 Mathematical Functions in General
4.2 Types of Functions
4.3 Graphical Representation of Functions
5.
5.1 Quadratic and Polynomial Functions
5.2 Application of Quadratic Functions
5.3 Rational Functions
6.
6.1 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions and their Characteristics
6.2 Graphical Presentation and applications
7.
7.1 Matrix Algebra – Introduction to Matrices
7.2 Types of Matrices
7.3 Matrix Operations and Determinant
8.
8.1 Introduction to Differentiation
8.2 Rules of Differentiation
8.3 Average Rate of Change
8.4 Instantaneous Rate of Change
9.
9.1 Mathematics of Finance – Interest and Its Computations
9.2 Simple Interest and Compound Interest
9.3 Annuities and Their Present Value
9.4 Annuities and Their Future Value
9.5 Cost Benefit Analysis
Recommended Books
1. Budnick Frank S., Applied Mathematics for Business Economics and Social
Sciences, McGraw Hill, 1993.
2. Bowen, Mathematics with Applications in Management and Economics, Irwin,
1987.
3. Gaughan Edward D. and Scribner Edward A., Introduction to Business
Mathematics, Kent Publishing Company, 1986.
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course basically deals with the fundamentals of accounting. The objectives of this
course is to provide the students with an applied knowledge of accounting concepts,
principles, procedures, systems for preparation of financial statements, accounting
treatment of current assets and liabilities, tangible and intangible assets. Students
should become adept at classifying problems, situations and applying the required
accounting principles.
Course Contents
1. Introduction of Accounting, Accounting Concepts and Principles

1.1 Basic Principles of Accounting
1.2 Concepts and Conventions Underlying Accounting Statements (GAAP)
1.3 The Impact of International Accounting Standards as Applicable In
Pakistan, Introduction to IAS and Their Application
1.4 Methods of Assets Valuation and Their Impact on Income Statement and
Balance Sheet.
2. Accounting Procedures and Systems

2.1 Principles of Double Entry Book Keeping
2.2 Accrual-Based Accounting System
2.3 Adjusting, Closing and Reversing Entries
2.4 Methods of Keeping and Presenting Books of Prime Entry (Cash Book,
Petty Cash Book, Sales Journal, Purchase Journal, Purchase and Sales
Return Journals etc.)
2.5 Principle and Subsidiary Ledgers
2.6 Trial Balance
2.7 Impact of Accounting Standards
2.8 Classification of Expenditure between Capital and Revenue
2.9 Prepayments and Adjustments
2.10 Accounting Cycle and Their Steps
2.11 Preparation of Worksheet.
3. Financial Statements
3.1 Definition and Scope of Financial Accounting
3.2 Account of Manufacturing and Trading Concerns
3.3 Component of Financial Statements Like
3.4 Income Statement for Merchandising and Services Business
3.5 Balance Sheet
3.6 Cash Flow Statements as per International Accounting Standard (IAS-1)
(Revised)
4. Cash Control and Financial Assets

4.1 Financial Assets and Their Recognition
4.2 Cash Management
4.3 Internal Control
4.4 Control of Receipts and Payments
4.5 Petty Cash System
4.6 Bank Reconciliation Statement and Adjusting Entries
4.7 Voucher System
4.8 Voucher Register and Cheque Register
5. Receivables and Payables

5.1 Nature of Receivables and Payables
5.2 Purpose and Form of Bill of Exchange
5.3 Basis for Estimating Charges for Bad Debts and Bad Debts Adjustment
6. Fixed Assets - Tangible

6.1 Definition and Calculation of The Initial Cost of a Fixed Assets and Apply
This To Various Examples of Expenditures Distinguishing Between Capital
And Revenue Items
6.2 Subsequent Expenditures that may be Capitalized
6.3 Accounting for Gains and Losses on the Disposal of Asset
6.4 Methods and Calculation of Depreciation like Straight Line, Diminishing
Balance, Units of Production, Sum-of-the-Year-Digit Method, Units Hours
Work Method. As Per International Accounting Standard (IAS-16)
7. Intangibles
7.1 Nature and Composition of Intangible Assets
7.2 Accounting Treatment for Intangibles Assets
Recommended Books
1. Horngren, Harrison, Robinson, Accounting, Prentice Hall Inc., 3rd Edition, 1995.
2. Robert. Meigs, Williams Jan R., Haka Susan F., Bettner Mark S., Accounting,
McGraw Hill, 10th Edition, March 1996.
3. Sticky and Weif, Financial Accounting, Harcourt, 9th Edition, 2000.
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The main purpose of this course is to make the fresh students in the field of business
studies able to understand the concept and comprehensive views on business and allied
activities. The understanding of basic role of business in our society requires exploration
into various areas.
The objective with the course is to explore and examine various aspects of business,
their interrelation with business system. This is a foundation course which provides basic
knowledge about the nature and importance of business, its concepts, functions,
principles etc.
Course Contents
1. The Nature of Business

1.1 The Definition of Business
1.1 The Philosophy of Business
1.1 The Economic Setting of Business
1.1 Objectives of Business
1.1 Types of Businesses
1.1 Business Environment
2. Ownership
2.1 Sole Proprietorship
2.2 Partnership
2.3 Joint Stock Company / Corporation
2.4 Cooperatives
2.5 Business Combination
3. Finance
3.1 Financial Problems and Policies
3.2 Long Term and Short Term Finance
3.3 Important Financial Institutions
3.4 Stock Exchange Operation and Commodity Exchange
3.5 Risk and Insurance
4. Production
4.1 Business Location and Layout
4.2 Purchasing and Inventory Control
4.3 Production and Production Control
5. Human Relations Department

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Personnel Department
5.3 Labour and Government
5.4 Management Union Relationship
6. Marketing
6.1 The Concept of Marketing Mix
6.2 Approach the Study of Marketing
6.3 Importance of Marketing for Business
6.4 Concept of Middleman
6.5 Marketing Communication and Promotion
7. Administrative Organization of Business

7.1 Need of Organization in a Growing Business
7.2 How to Establish an Organization?
7.3 Typical Basis for Classifying Activities
7.4 Types of Organization Relationship
Recommended Books
1. Koontz & Fulmer, A Practical Introduction to Business, Richard D. Irwin Inc.,

2000.
2. Newman H. William, Business Policies and Management, Cincinnati : South-
Western Publishing Co., 1998.
3. Khan A. Matin, Business in its Broader Perspective, New Urdu Bazar, Karachi,
2001.
4. Louise E. Boone, David L. Kurtz, Contemporary Business, Harcourt College
Publishers, 2002.
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : ISLAMIC STUDIES
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course will focus on the meaning, the significance and the practicality of Islam as
universal religion, project the Islamic beliefs, and the Islamic code of life and acquaint
the students with the importance of religion and its place in human life
Course Contents
1. Religion
1.1 What is Religion?
1.2 Need of Religion
1.3 Why Islam is the Best Religion?
1.4 Islam vs Christianity and Judaism.
2. Misconceptions about Islam

2.1 Jehad and Terrorism
2.2 Islam and Freedom
2.3 Islam and Modernity
3. Human Rights
3.1 Islamic Concept of Human Rights
3.2 Western Concept of Human Rights
3.3 Comparative Analysis of Both
4. Women Rights and Duties

4.1 Islamic Concept
4.2 Western Concept
5. Relation with Non Muslims

5.1 With Reference of Sura Mumtahina Verse 8 and 9
5.2 Rights and Duties of Non Muslims in an Islamic State
6. Kasb- E- Halal (Lawful Earning)

6.1 Importance
6.2 Effects on Human Life and Behavior
7. Political System of Islam

7.1 Concept of State
7.2 Characteristics of Islamic State
8. Islamic Mode of Financing

8.1 Musharkah
8.2 Mudarba
8.3 Leasing
8.4 Murabaha
9. Serat Life of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H)

9.1 Birth
9.2 Life at Makkah
9.3 Declaration of Prophet Hood and Its Difficulties
9.4 Migration to Madina
9.5 Brotherhood
9.6 Madina Charter
9.7 The Holy war of Prophet
9.8 Treaty of Hudaybia
9.9 Conquest of Makkah
9.10 Last Sermon of Holy Prophet at Arafat
10. Islamic Culture and Civilization

10.1 Impact of Islamic Civilization on the Sub Continent.
10.2 The Civilization of Sub Continent before Islam
10.3 The Political, Social and Moral Impacts of Islamic Civilization on Sub
Continent
10.4 Academic, Intellectual, Social, Cultural Impact of Islam on the World
Recommended Books
1. Muhammad Hameedullah Islam and Practical Life, Darul Ishaat, Karachi, 1998.
2. Syed Abu Ala Mawdudi Towards Understanding Islam, Islamic Publications,
London, 1993.
3. Khurshid Ahmed, Islami Nazaria-e-Hiyat, B.C.C & T, University of Karachi,
Karachi, 1980.
4. Tahir Mansoori, Islamic Law of Contracts and Business Transaction, Shri’ah
Academy, Islamabad, 2005.
BBA – I (Hons.)
Course Title : ETHICAL BEHAVIOR (FOR NON–MUSLIMS)
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The students are required to study Ethical Behavior lieu of Islamic Studies for Non-
Muslim students.
Course Contents
1. Meaning and Scope of Ethics
2. Relation of Ethics With

2.1 Religion
2.2 Science
2.3 Law
3. Historical Development of Morality

3.1 Instinctive Moral Life
3.2 Customary Morality
3.3 Reflective Morality
4. Moral Theories
4.1 Hedonism (Mill)
4.2 Intuitionism (Butler)
4.3 Kant’s Moral Theory
5. Moral Ethics and Society

5.1 Freedom and Responsibility
5.2 Tolerance
5.3 Justice
5.4 Punishment (Theories of Punishment)
6. Moral Teachings of Major Religions

6.1 Judaism
6.2 Christianity
6.3 Islam
7. Professional Ethics
7.1 Medical Ethics
7.2 Ethics of Students
7.3 Ethics of Teachers
7.4 Business
Recommended Books
1. Ameer Ali S., The Ethics of Islam, Noor Library Publisher, 1951.
2. Donaldson D. M., Studies in Muslim Ethics, London, 1953.
3. Hill, Thomas, Ethics in Theory and Practice, Thomas Y. Crowel, New York, 1950.
4. Titus H. H., Ethics in Theory and Practice, Thomas Y. Crowel, New York, 1950.
5. William Lillie, An Introduction to Ethics, Methuen and Co., London, 1957.
BBA – II (Hons.)
Course Title : MACROECONOMICS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Economics is a vital component of any student’s education because an understanding of

economic principles is essential for success in modern world. The rapid evolution of
global interdependence among both highly industrialized and developing economies
affect everyone’s life. This course will enable the students to learn a new way of looking
at the world. This course will establish student’s understanding of key economic issues.
Course Contents
1. Introduction to Macroeconomics
1.1 The Roots of Macroeconomics (Great Depression + Recent Macroeconomic History)
1.2 Objectives and Instruments of Macroeconomics
1.3 Component of Macro Economy
a. Circular Flow diagram
b. Three Market Arenas
1.4 Macroeconomic Indicators:
a. Inflation
b. Aggregate Output and Business Cycle
c. Unemployment and Global Issues
1.5 The Role of Government in the Macro Economy
2. Measurement of Economic Activity

2.1 Gross Domestic Product
a. Final Goods + Services
b. Exclusion of Used Goods and Paper Transactions
Exclusion of Output Produced Abroad by Domestically Owned Factors of
c.
Production
2.2 Calculating GDP
a. Expenditure – Approach
(i) Personal Consumption Expenditure (C)
(ii) Gross Private Investment (Ig)
(iii) Government Purchases (G)
(iv) Net Exports (Xn)
(v) The GDP Equation : C + Ig + G + Xn
b. Income – Approach
(i) Compensation of Employees
(ii) Rents
(iii) Interest
(iv) Proprietor’s Income
(v) Corporate Profits
Three Adjustments (Indirect business Taxes, Depreciation, Net–Foreign
(vi)
Factor Income)
2.3 Other National Accounts :
a. Net Domestic Product (NDP)
b. National Income (NI)
c. Personal Income (PI)
d. Disposable Income (DI)
2.4 Nominal versus Real GDP
2.5 Consumer Price Index
2.6 Limitations of GDP Concept
3. Components of Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply and Determinants :

3.1 Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
3.2 Macroeconomics Equilibrium
3.3 Recessionary and Inflationary GDP Gap.
3.4 Classical Model of Macroeconomic Equilibrium
3.5 Keynesian Model of Macroeconomic Equilibrium
3.6 Wage – Price Spiral
3.7 Supply – Side Shocks
3.8 Stagflation
3.9 Consumption Function and Marginal Propensity to Consume (MPC) and Marginal
Propensity to Save (MPS)
3.10 Investment Function and Its Determinates
3.11 The Multiplier Model
a. The Basic Multiplier Model
b. Fiscal Policy in the Multiplier Model
(i) Government Spending Multiplier
(ii) Tax Multiplier
(iii) Balance – Budget Multiplier
4. Fiscal Policy
4.1 Instruments of Fiscal Policy
4.2 Derivation of IS Curve
4.3 Discretionary Fiscal Policy
a. Expansionary Fiscal Policy
b. Contractionary Fiscal Policy
c. Financing of Deficits and Disposing of Surpluses
d. Policy Options : G or T (Government Spending / Taxes)
5. Monetary Policy
5.1 Instruments of Monetary Policy
5.2 Derivation of LM Curve
5.3 Expansionary and Contractionary Monetary Policy
5.4 Combining the Goods and Money Market
5.5 Crowding Out Effect
5.6 The Macroeconomic Policy – Mix
6. Macroeconomic Problems
6.1 Unemployment and Inflation
a. Recessions, Depressions and Unemployment
b. Defining and Measuring Unemployment
c. Components of Unemployment Rate
d. Cost of Unemployment
e. Benefit of Recession
6.2 Inflation
a. Defining and Measuring of Inflation
b. Kinds of Inflation
(i) Demand – Pull Inflation
(ii) Cost – Push Inflation
c. Cost of Inflation
7. Balance of Trade
7.1 Export Transactions
7.2 Import Transactions
8. Balance of Payment
8.1 (a) Current Account (b) Capital Account (c) Official Reserves Account
8.2 Payment, Deficits and Surplus
9. Public Finance
9.1 Incidence of Taxes (Progressive, Regressive etc.)
9.2 Government Budget
10. Economic Growth and Development

10.1 Economic Development and Economic Growth
10.2 Measurement of Economic Development
10.3 Pre – requisites of Economic Development
10.4 Measuring of the term “Under Developed”
10.5 Different Criteria of Under Development
Recommended Books :
1. Karl E. Case and Ray C. Fair, Principles of Economics, Prentice Hall International Inc. 8th
Edition, 2007.
2. McConnel and Bruce, Economics, McGraw Hill Inc., 15/e, 1999
3 Michael Parkin, Economics, Addison-Wesley International Inc., 1990
4. Samuelson, Paul A. and Nordhaus, William D., Economics, McGraw Hill Inc., 18th Edition, 2005.
BBA – II (Hons.)
: BUSINESS ENGLISH – II (ENGLISH

Course Title
COMPOSITION)
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The main objective is to enable the students to express themselves in good rhetorical
language with special reference to arrangement and style. The students will be
introduced to envelop, persuasive writing which will help them to critically develop
analytical research. It will also encourage the students to read widely and analyze
written prose and to develop paraphrasing skills. It will also sharpen their powers of
observation and skills for writing about personnel, public, professional needs and
problems. Apart from this it will further build their understanding on the techniques of
composition.
Course Contents
1. Orientation : Writing Structure

1.1 Approaches, Practices
1.2 Purpose and Characteristics
2. Understanding Paragraph Development

2.1 Paragraph Unity
3. Supporting Topic Sentences

3.1 Examples
3.2 Details
3.3 Anecdotes
3.4 Facts and Statistics
4. Supporting Topic Sentences

4.1 Enumeration
4.2 Special Types of Enumeration
4.3 Process and Chronology
4.4 Cause and Effect
4.5 Comparison and Contrast
5. From Paragraph To Composition
5.1 Identifying Controlling Ideas
5.2 Writing Process 3X3 (Essay Writing)
5.3 Essay Writing, Division and Classification
5.4 Essay Writing – Argumentation
6. Special Skills in Writing

6.1 The Short Paper
6.2 Writing a Summary
7. The Critical Review

7.1 Reviewing Article
8. The Research Paper – Writing a Research Paper

8.1 Review
Recommended Books
1. Arnaudet Martin L., Paragraph Development, Prentice Hall Regents, Eaglewood

Cliffs (3rd Edition), 2000.
2. Arnaudet Martin L., Mary Ellen Barrett, Approaches To Academic Reading And
Writing, 1999.
3. Jefferson, H. M., Writing : A College Handbook, W.W. Norton and Company (6th
Edition), 2000.
4. Langan Johann, College Writing Skills, McGraw Hill, (5th International Edition),
2000.
BBA – II (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS MATHEMATICS – II
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The objective of this course is to make the students feel comfortable in business
environment where there is an increasing use of quantitative analysis. The course
emphasizes the application of mathematical techniques to cope up with the modern
advancements and orientation according to modern requirements. The today’s business
students will be the decision maker’s tomorrow and shall be better equipped if they are
familiar with these concepts. Such familiarity can assist them in being better ‘critics’ and
‘users’ and hopefully better decision makers.
Course Contents
1. Introduction to Basic Concepts

1.1 Real and Complex Number System
1.2 Co-ordinate System in Two Dimensions, Simple Cartesian Curve, Function
and Graphs
1.3 Limits of Functions and Techniques for Finding Limit
1.4 Continuous and Discontinuous Function and Their Graphical Representation
1.5 Tangent Line, Secant Line, Normal Line, Slope of Curve and Rules for Finding
them.
2. Differentiation
2.1 The Chain Rule
2.2 Higher Order Derivatives
2.3 Differentiation of Logarithmic Functions
2.4 Exponential and Trigonometric Functions.
3. Optimization : Methodology and Application

3.1 Concavity and Inflection Points
3.2 Identification of Maxima and Minima
3.3 The First and Second Derivative Tests and Critical Points
3.4 Curve Sketching and Restricted Domain Considerations
3.5 Revenue, Cost and Profit Applications
3.6 Marginal Approach to Profit Maximization.
4. The Integral Calculus
4.1 The Antiderivative Concept
4.2 Rules of Integration
4.3 Integration by Parts, Integration of Trigonometric Functions
4.4 Differential Equations
4.5 Definite Integrals
4.6 Definition, Properties and Application of Definite Integral to Areas – Areas
between function and x – axis and areas between curves.
5. Linear Programming
5.1 Graphical Solutions
5.2 Region of Feasible Solution
5.3 Corner-Point Method and Application of Linear Programming
5.4 The Simplex Method.
6. Transportation Models, Assignments Models

6.1 Solution to Transportation Model and Assignment Model
Recommended Books
1. Budnick Frank S., Applied Mathematics for Business Economics and Social
Sciences, McGraw Hill, 1993.
2. Lawson Michel and Hubbord Stephen and Paul Pugh, Maths and Statistics for
Business, Longman Singapore Publishers, 1993.
3. Mizrahi Abe and Sullivan Michel, Mathematics for Business and Social Sciences - An
Applied Approach, John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
4. L. Hoffmann D. and G. Bradley L., Calculus for Business and Social Sciences,
McGraw Hill New York, 1989.
BBA – II (Hons.)
Course Title : FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The objective of this course is to provide the students with a knowledge of accounting to
enable them to; prepare financial statement for different types of business such as Non-
profit organizations and sole proprietorship, prepare financial statements of companies,
compute and interpret working capital ratios and analyze various items of current assets
and liabilities to highlight the current financial position of the companies and this course
explain potential matters that should be considered while making a regulatory
framework for published accounts.
Course Contents
1. Introduction of Financial Accounting and Principles:

1.1 The Impact of International Accounting Standards as Applicable in
Pakistan for the Preparation of Financial Statements and Their Disclosure
Requirement.
1.2 Forms of Business Enterprises such as Non-profit Organization, Sole
Proprietorship, Partnerships and Corporation.
2. Financial Statements – The Outputs of the System

2.1 Objectives of Financial Reporting
2.2 Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Information
2.3 The Uses and Limitations of Classified Balance Sheets
2.4 The Uses and Limitations of Classified Income Statements
2.5 The Retained Earnings Statement or Statements of Changes in
Stockholders Equity
3. Inventory Accounting:
3.1 Nature and Classes of Inventories
3.2 Periodic and Perpetual Inventory Valuation as per International
Accounting Standard (IAS-2)
3.3 LIFO, FIFO Methods, Weighted Average Method, Moving Average
3.4 Inventory Valuation at Cost or NRV Whichever is Lower
4. Cash Flow Statement
4.1 Preparation of Cash Flow Statements According to the Requirement of
IAS 7
4.2 Classification of Cash Flow Statements as Operating Activities
4.3 Investing Activities and Financial Activities by Using Direct and Indirect
Methods
5. Interpreting Financial Statement Data

5.1 Users of Financial Statements and The Purposes of Financial Statement
Analysis
5.2 The Techniques and Tools of Financial Analysis
5.3 Common Financial Ratios, Common Size Balance Sheet and Income
Statement
5.4 Limitations of Financial Statement Analysis
6. Accounting For Receivables

6.1 Accounting for Receivables Under Income Statement and Balance Sheet
Approach
6.2 Notes Receivable and Their Matters
7. Current Liabilities and Accounting for Long Term Liabilities

7.1 Definition and Recognition of Liabilities
7.2 Types of Current Liabilities
7.3 Types of Long Term Liabilities
7.4 Bonds
7.5 Accounting for Bonds by Borrowers
7.6 Accounting for Bonds by the Investor
7.7 Other Forms of Long Term Debt
7.8 Time Value of Money Concept
8. Corporate Organization and Capital Stock Transactions.

8.1 Characteristics of A Corporation
8.2 The Formation and Organization of a Corporation
8.3 Types of Capital Stock
8.4 The Components of Stockholders’ Equity
8.5 Accounting for the Issuance of Stock
8.6 Use of Stock Information
9. Stockholders Equity Retained Earnings and Dividends

9.1 Corporate Income Statements
9.2 Earnings Per Share
9.3 Dividends
9.4 Stock Splits Prior Period Adjustments, Appropriations, and Treasury Stock
9.5 Retirement of Capital Stock
9.6 Statement of Stockholder’s Equity
Recommended Books
1. Horngren, Harrison, Robinson, Financial Accounting, Prentice Hall, 3rd Edition,

1995.
2. Weygandt, Kieso, Kimmel, Financial Accounting, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2nd
Edition, 1998.
3. Meigs Robert F., Williams Jan R., Haka Susan F., Bettner Mark S., Accounting,
McGraw Hill, 10th Edition, 1999.
BBA – II (Hons.)
Course Title : INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BUSINESS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The emergence of computer based technologies and wide spread usage of computers in
Record keeping, classification, Compilation and consolidation of organizational data,
management reporting techniques, consolidation have recast the role of computers in
Business and Management. In other words CBIS has become the basis and essential for
gaining competitive edge.
On completion of this course the students should be capable / have the knowledge in:
Information handling and storage techniques

Management reporting techniques using word processors
Computer handling using available Operating Systems and Applications
Course Contents
1. Information Technology
1.1 Principles
1.2 Practices
1.3 Opportunities
2. Components of Computer
2.1 Input Devices
2.2 Storage Devices
2.3 Processing Devices
2.4 Output Devices
3. Computer System and Its Components

3.1 Hardware
3.2 Software
3.3 Data / Information
3.4 People
3.5 Procedures
3.6 Environment
4. Operating System and User Interface
4.1 Operating System Basics
4.2 UNIX
4.3 Macintosh OS
4.4 Windows (98, 2000, NT, XP)
4.5 Linux
4.6 Running Programs
4.7 Managing Files
4.8 Managing Hardware
5. Application Software: Word Processor Spread Sheets

5.1 Word Processing Programs (MS Word)
5.1.1 Word Processor Interface
5.1.2 Entering and Editing Text
5.1.3 Formatting Text
5.1.4 Special Features of Word Processing Software
5.2 Spreadsheet Program (MS Excel)
5.2.1 Spreadsheet’s Interface
5.2.2 Entering Data in a Worksheet
5.2.3 Editing and Formatting a Worksheet
5.2.4 Adding Charts
6. Application Software: Presentation Programs and Databases

6.1 Presentation Program (MS Power Point)
6.1.1 The Presentation Program’s Interface
6.1.2 Creating a Presentation
6.1.3 Formatting Slides
6.1.4 Special Features of Presentation Programs
6.1.5 Integrating Multiple Data Sources in a Presentation
6.1.6 Presentation Slide Shows
6.2 Databases and Database Management Systems
6.2.1 The Database
6.2.2 The DBMS
6.2.3 Working Database Tables
6.2.3.1 Creating Database Tables
6.2.3.2 Sorting Database Tables
6.2.3.3 Viewing Records
6.2.3.4 Querying a Database
6.2.3.5 Generating Reports
7. Graphics and Multimedia

7.1 Types of Graphics Files
7.1.1 Working with Bitmaps
7.1.2 Working with Vectors
7.1.3 File Formats an Compatibility Issues
7.1.4 Graphics Software
7.1.4.1 Paint Program
7.1.4.2 Photo-Manipulation Programs
7.1.4.3 Draw Programs
7.1.4.4 Computer Aided Design Programs
7.1.4.5 3-D Modeling Programs
7.1.4.6 Animation
7.2 Multimedia
7.2.1 Multimedia, Interactivity and New Media Defined
7.2.2 MPEG and JPEG
7.2.3 Quick Time
7.2.4 Video for Windows (AVI Format)
7.2.5 Windows Media Formats
7.2.6 Real Audio and Real Video
7.2.7 Shockwave and Flash
8. Internets Basics
8.1 How Internet Works TCP/IP : The Universal Language of The Internet
8.2 Addressing Schemes – IP and DNS Addresses
8.3 Domains and Sub-Domains
8.4 Major Features of Internet
8.4.1 www
8.4.2 e-mail
8.4.3 Telnet
8.4.4 FTP
8.4.5 Relay Chat (IRC)
8.4.6 Firewalls
8.4.7 Intranets and Extranets
8.4.8 Cyber Crimes
9. Networks and Data Communications

9.1 The Uses of a Network
9.1.1 Simultaneous Access
9.1.2 How Networks are Structured
9.1.2.1 Local Area Network
9.1.2.2 Metropolitan Area Network
9.1.2.3 Wide Area Network
9.1.2.4 Server-Based Network
9.1.2.5 Client / Server Networks
9.1.2.6 Peer-to-Peer Networks
9.1.3 Network Topologies
9.1.4 Data Communication
9.1.4.1 Modem
9.1.4.2 ISDN, T1, T3
9.1.4.3 DSL Technologies
9.1.4.4 ATM
9.1.4.5 Cable Modem
Recommended Books
1. Brian Williams K. and Stacey Sawyer C., Introduction to Computer in Business,

McGraw Hill, (6th Edition)
2. Elason and Kitts Kent D., Business Computer Systems and Application, Chicago
Science Association, 1974
3. Peter Norton, Introduction to Computers, McGraw Hill, 5th Edition, 2004.
4. Senn James A., Information Technology in Business, Prentice Hall, 2002
BBA – II (Hons.)
Course Title : PAKISTAN STUDIES
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The course is designed with the objectives of acquainting the students with the
anthropological study of Pakistan. Advents of Muslims in India, two nation theory and
the history of freedom movement with role of important leaders before and after
independence and their contributions.
After completing the course students are expected to learn the background and the
events responsible for the creation of Pakistan. The course is to create a feeling of love
and importance of Pakistan among the young generation. They will make themselves
aware of the status of Pakistan in relation to neighbors and realize their personal
identification as a Pakistani national.
Course Contents
1. Historical Perspective of Pakistan Ideology
2. Review of South Asia Before 1857

2.1 Socio Political Conditions
2.2 Advent of East India Company
2.3 Decline of Mughal Empire
2.4 War of Independence 1857
2.5 Queen Victoria’s Proclamation and Foundation of the Direct Rule of the
British Crown in India in 1858
3. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and His Services for Muslims of the
Subcontinent
3.1 Aligarh Movement
3.2 Partition of Bengal (1905)
3.3 Beginning of Muslim Nationalism
4. Formation of All India Muslim League’s (1906)

4.1 Change in Muslim League’s Political Strategy
5. First World war and Khilafat Movement (1913)
5.1 Role of Quaid-e-Azam and His Fourteen Points
5.2 Act of 1935
5.3 The Lahore Resolution (1940) and Struggle for Pakistan
5.4 Shimla Conference and Elections of 1945–46
5.5 Cabinet Mission Plan (1946), Plan of 3rd June
6. Partition of India and Creation of Pakistan, August 14, 1947
7. Social and Political Structure of Pakistan

7.1 From 1958 – 1968
7.2 From 1969 – 1979
7.3 From 1979 – 1989
8. Literacy in Pakistan
8.1 Agriculture of Pakistan
8.2 Industries of Pakistan
9. Foreign Policy of Pakistan

9.1 Pakistan and Muslim world
9.2 Pakistan and ECO
9.3 Pakistan and India
Recommended Books
1. Qureshi I. H., A Short History of Pakistan, Vol–IV (University of Karachi, 1997).

2. Qureshi I. H., The Struggle for Pakistan, (University of Karachi, 1974).
3. Rabbani Ikram and M. A. Sayyid, Introduction to Pakistan Studies, Caravan Book
House, Lahore, 1999.
4. Hussain J., A History of the Peoples of Pakistan, Oxford University Press, Karachi,
1998.
BBA – III (Hons.)
Course Title : HUMAN BEHAVIOR
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The purpose of this course is to understand the behavior of human being in general and
in business organization specifically. How people behave in a way as they do in a
situation? This question is difficult to answer as human is a very complex entity.
Behavioral scientists and psychologists are continuously engaged in research to

ascertain the nature of human behavior in order to provide them an environment to
improve their effectiveness and efficiency at work place. Management is getting things
done through other people which is not possible without deeper understanding of
human behavior.
Course Contents
1. Definition of Human Psychology

1.1 Understanding Goals of Psychology
1.2 Major Trends in the Development of Psychology
1.3 Biological Basis of Behavior
2. Perception
2.1 Attentional Processes
2.2 Organizational Processes in Perception
2.3 Identification and Recognition Processes
2.4 Memory
3. Learning and Behavior

3.1 Classical Conditioning
3.2 Operant Conditioning
3.3 Cognitive Learning
3.4 Observational Learning
4. Motivation and Emotion

4.1 Definition and Type of Motivates (Primary, Secondary and General)
4.2 Basic Emotions and Culture
4.3 Theories of Emotions
4.4 Functions of Emotions
5. Cognitive Processes
5.1 Studying Cognition
5.2 Language Use
5.3 Visual Cognition
5.4 Problem Solving and Reasoning
5.5 Judging and Deciding
5.6 Intelligence Assessment
6. Personality
6.1 Definition and Assessment of Personality
6.2 Psychodynamic, Behavioristic, Humanistic, and Trait Theory of Personality
7. Social Psychology
7.1 Social Cognition
7.2 Attitude and Their Group Behavior
7.3 Prejudice
7.4 Social Influences and Group Behavior
7.5 Interpersonal Attraction and Loving
7.6 Stress and Coping (Psychology of Health)
Recommended Books
1. Carlson Neil R. and Buskist, William, Psychology, Allyn and Bacon, 1997.
2. Feldman, Robert S. Understanding Psychology, McGraw Hill, 2002.
3. Gerow, Josh, Psychology and Introduction, Longman, 1997.
4. Lahey, Benjamin, Psychology, McGraw Hill, 2003.
5. Zimbardo, Phillips G. and Gerring, Richard J. Psychology and Life Harper, Collin
Publishers, 1996.
BBA – III (Hons.)
Course Title : LOGIC
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The Objective of this course is to sharpen the intellect of the students, develop their
earning ability, strengthen their understanding and promote clear thinking. In order to
achieve the desired goal, especially, in management of organizations the manager is
expected to present his case with reasoning and logically. It is important to convince the
people while negotiating in business. The knowledge of logic will help students to learn
how to present their viewpoints before others.
Course Contents
1. Definition of Logic
1.1 Logic as a Science and an Art
1.2 Scope of Logic
1.3 The Laws of Logic
1.4 Induction and Essential Characteristics of Induction
2. Categorical Propositions and Classes

2.1 Quality, Quantity and Distribution
2.2 The Traditional Square of Opposition
2.3 Immediate Inferences, Conversion, Obversion, Contraposition, Inversion
2.4 Existential Import
2.5 Symbolism and Diagram for Categorical Proposition
3. Three Basic Uses of Language

3.1 Discourse Serving Multiple Functions
3.2 The Forms of Discourse
3.3 Emotive Words
3.4 Kinds of Agreement and Disagreement
3.5 Emotively Neutral Language
4. The Purpose of Definition

4.1 The Types of Definition
4.2 Various Kinds of Meaning
4.3 Techniques for Defining
5. Standard Form Categorical Syllogisms

5.1 The Formal Nature of Syllogistic Arguments
5.2 Venn Diagram Techniques for Testing Syllogisms
5.3 Rules and Fallacies
5.4 Reducing the Number of Terms in Categorical Syllogism
6. Informal Fallacies
6.1 Fallacies of Relevance
6.2 Fallacies of Presumptions
6.3 Fallacies of Ambiguities
Recommended Books
1. Hurley, Patric, A Concise Introduction to Logic, Belmont, Calif Wadsworth, 1988.

2. Irving M. Copi, Introduction to Logic, New York, McMillan Co, 1990.
3. Wernon and Nissen, Introduction to Logic, Arkansas University Press, 1985.
BBA – III (Hons.)
Course Title : MONEY AND BANKING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The course aims at providing basic understanding about the principles and practices in
money and banking field. The course reviews definitions, functions and theories of
money – classical, Keynsian and modern viewpoints, central and commercial banking,
examination of monetary policy. The course also discusses the principles of international
finance and financial institutions.
Course Contents
1. Evaluation, Function and Forms of Money

1.1 Need for Money. Origin of Money. Commodity Money and Commodity
Standards, Rise of Fiat Money. Seigniorage
1.2 Functions of Money. Types of Money – (M1, M2, M3 and L)
1.3 Approaches to Defining and Measuring Money
2. Techniques of Money Management and Role of Central Bank

2.1 Definition of Money Policy
2.2 Monetary Policy Operation Procedures
2.3 Rules versus Discretion in Monetary Policy
2.4 Role of State Bank of Pakistan as the Coordinator of Monetary Policy of
the Country
3. Introduction to International Monetary System

3.1 International Accounting Identities: Balance of Payment. The Current
Account. The Capital Account. Settlement of Balances
3.2 Fixed Exchange Rate System: Gold Standard. Brettan Woods System
3.3 Floating Exchange Rate System
4. Monetary and Fiscal Policy Coordination

4.1 Basic International Policy Relationship
4.2 Regulation of Banking and Financial Markets
4.3 Basle Agreements I and II
5. Financial Markets, Financial Institutions and Instruments
5.1 Capital Markets: Debt and Equity Markets
5.2 Money Markets: Financial Service Markets
5.3 Financial Institution: Depository Institution, Commercial Bank, Savings
and Loans Associations, Mutual Saving’s Bank and Credit Unions
5.4 Non-Depository Institutions: Mutual Funds, Insurance Companies and
Pension Funds etc.
6. Financial Instruments
• Certificate of Deposits
• Treasury Bills
• Purchase Agreements
• Banker’s Acceptances
• Federal Funds
• Corporate Stocks
• Corporate Bonds
• Mortgages
• Government Securities
• Consumer and Commercial Loans
• Municipal Bonds
7. Banking
• Origin
• Evolution
• Types and Functions
• Sources of Funds in Relation to Legal, Economic and Social Factors
Involved in Pakistan
8. Prudential Regulations for Banks, DFIs etc.
9. Funds Management
• Investment and Lending
• Statutory and Liquidity Requirements in Pakistan
10. Banker Customer Relationship
• Primary and Others
11. Customer’s Accounts
• Individual
• Institutional and Corporate
• Requirement of KYC
12. Negotiable and Other Instruments
• Promissory Notes
• Bill of Exchange
• Cheque
• Drafts
• Receipt
• Bonds
• Coupons
• Dividend Warrants
• Letter of Credit
• Travellers Cheques
• Credit and Debit Cards
13. Payment of Cheques and Other Instruments by Banks
14. Collection of Instruments by Banks

• Crossing and Endorsements
• Principles of Bank Lending
• Control of Credit in Pakistan
• Security of Bank Advances
15. Interest Free Banking
• Relation and Methods
Recommended Books
1. Luckett D. G., Money and Banking, McGraw Hill, New York, (3rd Edition), 1998.
2. Miller Roger LeRoy and VanHoose’ David D., Modern Money and Banking,
McGraw Hill Book Co., Singapore, (3rd Edition), 2000.
3. Siddiqi Asrar H., Practice and Law of Banking in Pakistan, Royal Book Company,
Karachi, (7th Edition), 2004.
BBA – III (Hons.)
: BUSINESS COMMUNICATION – I
Course Title
(CORRESPONDENCE & BUSINESS REPORT)
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The course provides basic understanding of business communication applicable to

various situations at different levels of organizations. Emphasis is placed on teaching
and handling organizational problems by establishing and understanding formal and
informal communication network. The course aims to prepare the students for different
functional areas as well as to equip them with a broad perspective for reintegrating the
practical requirement at work.
Course Contents
1. Communication at Work
1.1 Communication Successfully in an Organization
1.2 Significance Form
1.3 Functions Process
1.4 Communication Network and Barriers
2. The Writing Process, Planning and Developing Business Messages

2.1 Understanding Principles of Business Communication
2.2 Worksheet on Business Messages
3. Business Reports-Classification
3.1 Planning, Organizing, Formal Reports
3.2 Planning, Organizing, In Formal Reports
3.3 Mechanics of Documentation
3.4 Writing Reports and Proposals
4. Format and Layout of Business Documents/Memo
5. Writing Routine and Goodwill Messages

5.1 Writing Direct Request, Orders, and Acknowledgements
5.2 Writing Routine Claims, Credits and Adjustments
5.3 Exercises Follow Through
6. Writing Bad News Messages Strategies
6.1 Organizing Inductive Messages
6.2 Delivering Bad News Messages / Claims and Collection Messages
7. Writing Persuasive Messages Strategies

7.1 Planning and Developing Persuasive Request and Collection Messages
8. Writing Resumes Planning and Structuring

9. Writing Application Letters

Recommended Books
1. Guffey Marry Ellen, Business Communication: Process and Product, (6th Edition),
South Western College Publishing, 2006.
2. Locker Kitty O., Business and Administrative Communication, McGraw Hill
Publication, 2003.
BBA – III (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS STATISTICS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
After studying this course the student will know how to collect the data, its nature, its
average value and variation in it. The student will be able to compare the variability of
two or more heterogeneous groups. The student can compare the prices, quantities and
values etc. of a group of related articles at one date with those of the same group of
related articles at different date. The student will be able to evaluate the amount of
relationship between two or more linearly related variables. In addition to this the
student will be able to predict the expected production, demand, consumption etc.
Course Contents
1. Defining the Role of Statistics in Business

1.1 Definition of ‘Statistics’ (Singular Sense and Plural Sense)
1.2 Application of Statistics in Business
1.3 Four Basic Activities of Statistics
1.4 Probability – Definition and Difference between Probability and Statistics
2. Classification andTabulation of Data

2.1 Univariate, Bivariate, Multivariate
2.2 Quantitative and Qualitative Data
2.3 Tabulation of Discrete Data
2.4 Tabulation of Continuous Data
2.5 Concept of Mid Point
2.6 Concept of Cumulative Frequencies
2.7 Concept of Relative Frequency
3. Graphical Representation of Data

3.1 Preparation of Histogram
3.2 Frequency Curve
3.2 Frequency Polygon
3.3 Cumulative Frequency Curve or Ogive
4. Representation of Data Through Diagrams
4.1 Bar diagram and Multiple Bar Diagram
4.2 Rectangles and Subdivided Rectangles
4.3 Pie Diagram or Sector Diagram
5. Central Tendency of Data and Its Central Value or Average Value

5.1 Measure of Average Value A.M, G.M, H.M, Median and Mode
5.2 Relationship between A.M, G.M and H.M
5.3 Relationship between Mean, Median and Mode
5.4 Properties of A.M
5.5 Effect of Change of Origin and Scale on A.M
5.6 Selection of Proper Measure of Average in Various Situations
5.7 Exploratory Data Analysis Tools : Stem-and-Leaf Plot, Box-and-Whisper
Plot
6. Quartiles
6.1 Quartiles for Ungrouped and Grouped Data
6.2 Deciles for Grouped Data
6.3 Percentiles for Grouped Data and Its Application
7. Dispersion
7.1 Absolute Measures
7.2 Relative Measures and Its Application
8. Concepts of Symmetry and Peakness

8.1 Measures of Skewness
8.2 Measures of Kurtosis
9. Counting Techniques
9.1 Permutation
9.2 Combination
9.3 Problems on Permutation and Combination
10. Probability as a Numerical Measure of Uncertainty

10.1 Application of Addition Laws of Probability for Mutually Exclusive Events
as well as for Not Mutually Exclusive Events, Its Application
10.2 Application of Multiplicative Laws of Probability for Dependent Events and
as well as for Independent Events, Its Application
10.3 Probability Tree, Venn Diagram, Joint Probability Table
11. Difference Between a Variable and a Random Variable

11.1 Mathematical Expectation of a Random Variable
11.2 Conversion of Frequency Distribution into Probability Distribution
(Discrete and Continuous)
11.3 Finding Means, Variance, Standard Deviation and Co-efficient of Variation
of Probability Distribution. Discrete Probability Distribution such as
Binomial, Poisson Distributions, Properties and Application in Solving of
Business Problems
11.4 Normal Distribution
12. Concepts of Regression and Correlation Between Two Linearly Related

Variables and Their Applications
12.1 Simple Regression Equations between Two Linearly Related Variables
X and Y
12.2 Scatter Diagram and Fitting of Straight Line by Principle of Least Squares
13. Index Number and Its Types

13.1 Weighted Index Number (Laspeyre’s Paache’s and Fisher Ideal)
13.2 Measure of Consistency
13.3 Consumer Price Index Number and Its Methods of Construction
13.4 Uses of Index Number
Recommended Books
1. Fruend John E., Mathematical Statistics with Applications, Prentice Hall, (7th
Edition), October 2003.
2. Spiegel Murray R., Schaum’s Outline of Probability and Statistics, McGraw Hill
Publishers, (2nd Edition), March 2000.
3. Weiss Neil A., Introductory Statistics, Addison–Wesley Publishing Co. (7th
Edition), June 2004.
BBA – III (Hons.)
Course Title : PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This is a basic course introducing the principles, concepts and historical perspective of
general management. The objective is to expose students to the management functions
which includes planning, organizing, staffing, leading, controlling etc.
Emphasis is also given on how a business venture can collapse if proper management is
not practiced in the business. Students are therefore expected to develop analytical and
conceptual understanding of how people are managed in small, medium and large public
and private, national and international organizations (profit making and non-profit
making).
Course Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview and Scope of Management Discipline
1.2 The Evolution and Emergence of Management Thought
1.3 Major Contributions to Management : Frederick Taylor (Scientific
Management) Henry Fayol and Henry Gantt.
1.4 The Emergence of Behavioral Sciences
2. Management Functions – Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading and

Controlling
3. Planning
3.1 The nature and Purpose of Planning
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Meaning of Objective
3.4 Process of Managing by Objectives
3.5 How to Set Objectives
3.6 Types of Plans
3.7 Steps in Planning
4. Decision Making
4.1 Importance and Limitations of Rational Decision Making
4.2 Evaluation of Alternatives
4.3 Decision Making under Uncertainty
4.4 Evaluating the Importance of Decision Making
5. Organizing
5.1 The Nature and Purpose of Organizing
5.2 Organizational Structures : Formal and Informal Organization
5.3 Organizational Division: The Departments
5.4 Organization and Span of Management
5.5 Departmentalization, Organizational Structure, Various Basis for
Departmentalization
5.6 Line / Staff Authority, Functional Authority
5.7 Decentralization and Delegation of Authority
6. Staffing
6.1 Definition of Staffing
6.2 Human Resource Management
6.3 Recruitment and Selection: Matching the Person with the Job
6.4 Selection Process and Techniques
6.5 Training and Development
6.6 Purpose and Uses of Appraisal
6.7 Choosing the Appraisal Criteria
6.8 Formulating the Career Strategy
7. Leading – Human Factors and Motivation

7.1 Human Factors in Managing
7.2 Motivation and Motivators
7.3 Behavioral Models – Mc Gregor’s Theory X and Theory Y, Maslow’s
Hierarchy of Needs Theory, Hersberg Two Factor Theory of Motivation
and Other’s
7.4 Job Enrichment
7.5 Leadership – Trait Approach, Leadership Behavior and Style
7.6 Communication – Communication Function and Organization
7.7 Communication Process, Barriers
7.8 Effective Communication
8. Controlling
8.1 The Basic Control Process
8.2 Requirement for Effective Control
8.3 Control Techniques: The Budget, Traditional Non–Budgetary Control
Devices
8.4 Time – Event Network Analysis
8.5 Program Budgeting
8.6 Information Technology and Its Challenges
8.7 Controlling and Planning Relationship
9. Management and Society
9.1 Operation in a Pluralistic Society
9.2 External Environment – Economic, Technological, Social, Political and
Legal
9.3 Social Responsibility and Ethical Managerial Practices
9.4 Future Perspective of Management
Recommended Books
1. Daff Richard L., Management, The Dryden Press, (Latest Edition).

2. Fulmer Robert M., The New Management, McMillan (Latest Edition).
3. Odonnel H. Koontz and H. Sweihrich, Management, McGraw-Hill Inc.,
1993.
4. Rue, Leslie W. Byars, Lloyd L., Management Skills and Applications, McGraw Hill,
2007.
5. Thomas Betamen, Snell, Scott A, Management Competing in New Era, 5.e,
McGraw Hill, 2002.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
Course Title : INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS FINANCE
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Business Finance course encompasses the entire business activity in practical life.
Introduction to Business Finance is a basic course which is introduced assuming that the
students do not have any prior knowledge of business finance.
The course has been developed to provide basic knowledge about the principles,
concepts, and terminologies which are applicable to the current business practices. This
course will help students develop knowledge and understanding of finance and its
methods for analyzing the benefits of various sources of finance. Further it will be
possible for students to learn capital investment opportunities and application of
financial technologies for business planning and control.
Course Contents
INTRODUCTION TO FINANCE
1. An overview of Finance
1.1 Scope of Finance and its Career Opportunities
1.2 Alternative form of Business Organization
1.3 Finance in the organizational structure of the firm
1.4 Managerial Actions to Maximize Shareholders Wealth
1.5 Functions of a Finance Manager
2. The Financial Environment: Markets, Institutions, and Interest Rates

2.1 The Financial Market
2.2 Financial Institutions
2.3 The Stock Market
2.4 The cost of Money
2.5 Interest Rate Level
2.6 The Determinants of Market Interest Rates
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF FINANCE
3. Time Value of Money

3.1 Future Value Concept
3.2 Present Value Concept
3.3 Future Value of an annuity
3.4 Present Value of an annuity
4. Risk and Return

4.1 Investment Return
4.2 The Trade-Off between Risk and Return
4.3 Risk in Portfolio Context
THE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT
5. Analysis of Financial Statements

5.1 Ratio Analysis
5.2 Liquidity Ratio
5.3 Assets Management Ratios
5.4 Debt Management Ratios
5.5 Profitability Ratios
5.6 Market Value Ratio
5.7 Trend Analysis
5.8 Uses and Limitations of Ratio Analysis
6. The Impact of Operating and Financial Decisions on the Firm

6.1 Operating Leverage
6.3 Financial Leverage
6.4 Combined or Total Leverage
7. The Framework of Financial Planning

7.1 Short-Term Financial Planning
7.2 Long-Term Financial Planning
INVESTING IN LONG-TERM ASSETS
8. The Cost of Capital

8.1 Basic Definition
8.2 Cost of Debt
8.3 Cost of Preferred Stock
8.4 Cost of Retained Earning
9. The Basic Concept of Capital Budgeting

9.1 Importance of Capital Budgeting
9.2 Generating Ideas for Capital Budgeting
9.3 Project Classification
9.4 Capital Budgeting Decision Rules
9.5 Comparison of NPV and IRR Methods
WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
10. Working Capital Management

10.1 The importance of Working Capital
10.2 Short-term Financial Decisions and Value Maximization
10.3 Why Current Assets and Current Liabilities are Required
10.4 Deciding on an Appropriate Working Capital Policy
11. Cash and Near-Cash Item Management

11.1 The Efficient Collection and Disbursement of Operating Cash
11.2 The Optimal Level of Operating Cash Balance
11.3 Investment Excess Cash in Marketable Securities
11.4 Evaluating Cash Management Strategies
12. Accounts Receivable and Inventory

12.1 Managing Accounts Receivable
12.2 Managing Inventory
12.3 Monitoring of Accounts Receivable, Aging and Collection Schedules
13. Cash and Near-Cash Item Management

13.1 General Consideration in Current Liabilities Management
13.2 Sources of Short-term Credit
Recommended Books
1. Houston and Brigham, Financial Management, Theory and Practice, (Tenth

International Edition), Harcourt Brace College Publishers. 2004.
2. Rao Ramesh K. S., Fundamentals of Financial Management, (Latest International
Edition) Maxwell Macmillan. 1989.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
:
Course Title BUSINESS COMMUNICATION – II (ORAL
COMMUNICATION AND PRESENTATION
SKILLS)
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The main objective is to enable the students to express themselves in meticulous

manner. In an age of downsizing change and career insecurity good communication
skills are more important then ever. The course aims at retaining the career oriented
features that will help and recognize the approaches required in communicating at work
by using new technology in giving presentations and organizing tips for speaking in
meetings, interview, seminars and conferences.
Course Contents
1. Communication at Work
1.1 The Importance of Communication
1.2 The Nature of Communication
1.3 The Process of Communication
1.4 Using Communication Networks
1.5 Choosing the Optimal Communication Channel
2. Personal Skills
2.1 Communication Verbal and Non-Verbal Messages
2.2 Types of Non-Verbal Communication
2.3 Characteristics, Differences, Functions
3. Listening
3.1 Importance of Listening
3.2 Approaches to Listening
3.3 Barriers to Effective Listening
3.4 Reasons for Listening
4. Developing the Presentation

4.1 Oral Presentations
4.2 Establishing a Purpose
4.3 Developing the Thesis
5. Organizing Your Ideas

5.1 The Importance of Clear Organization
5.2 Gathering Ideas and Material
5.3 Organizing the Body
5.4 Planning the Introduction
5.5 Planning the Conclusion
5.6 Adding Transitions
6. Verbal and Visual Support in Presentation

6.1 Functions of Supporting Material
6.2 Verbal Support
6.3 Visual Aids
7. Delivering the Presentation

7.1 Types of Delivery
7.2 Guidelines for Delivery
7.3 Speaking with Confidence
8. Interpersonal Skills
8.1 Understanding Interpersonal Relationship
8.2 Characteristics
8.3 Managing Conflicts
8.4 Dealing With Criticism
8.5 Negotiating Skills
9. Informative Group and Special

9.1 Occasion Meeting
9.2 Informative Presentations
9.3 Group Presentations
9.4 Special Occasion Speeches
10. Persuasive Presentations

10.1 Types of Persuasive Presentations
10.2 Persuasive Strategies
10.3 Maximizing Speaker Credibility
10.4 Organizing Persuasive Messages
11. Principles of Interviewing

11.1 Planning the Interview
11.2 Conducting Successful Interviews
12. Types of Interviews

12.1 Information Gathering Interview
12.2 The Employment Interview
12.3 Performance Appraisal Interview
13. Working in Teams
13.1 Approaches to Working in Groups and Teams
13.2 Problem Solving Communication
13.3 Effective Communication in Groups and Teams
14. Effective Meetings
14.1 Types of Meetings
14.2 Planning Problem Solving Meetings
14.3 Conducting Meetings
15. Methods of Dictating Techniques

15.1 Communication and Telephone
16. Communicating Effectively in International Business

16.2 Non-Verbal Communication in International Business
16.3 Training Needs in International Business
16.4 Criteria for Communicating Effectively
Recommended Books
1. Adler Ronald B., Communicating At Work: Principles and Practices for Business
and the Professionals, McGraw Hill Publication, (5th International Edition), 1999.
2. Hamna Michael S., Wilson Gerald L., Effective Business Communication, McGraw
Hill Publication, (4th Edition), 1998.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
Course Title : STATISTICAL INFERENCE
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Advance course of statistics has been designed to estimate parameter ( θ ) through

statistics (t), students will know how to draw random samples from finite population.
Students will also know how to test the hypothesis regarding population mean, variance
and population for large samples based on normal distribution which is the back bone of
the whole theory of statistics. The students will also know how to test the above
mentioned hypothesis for small samples. Change in the business with time is of supreme
importance. Students in this course will also study how to measure the change of the
trend in business. They can also eliminate the effect of more than one variable on their
business.
Course Contents
1. Continuous Probability Distribution

1.1 Normal Distribution
1.2 Properties of Normal Distribution
1.3 Standard Normal Distribution
1.4 Application of normal Distribution in Solving Business Problems
2. Sampling – Its Meaning

2.1 Population – Definition and Its Types
2.2 Finite and Infinite Population
2.3 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Population
2.4 Concept of Sample and Population
2.5 Sampling Techniques
1. Simple Random Sampling (SRS)
2. Stratified Random Sampling
3. Systematic Sampling
2.6 Properties of Estimators
2.7 Application of SRS in Business Research
3. Estimation of Parameters
3.1 Point Estimation
3.2 Interval Estimation of Parameters
3.3 Properties of a Good Estimator
3.4 Determination of Sample Size
4. Test of Hypothesis – Meaning, Null Hypothesis, Alternative Hypothesis,

One Tail and Two Tail Test, Type I and Type II Error. Logic Behind the
Procedure of Test of Significance
4.1 Test of Hypothesis Concerning A Single Population Mean
4.2 Test of Hypothesis Concerning the Difference Between Two Population
Means
4.3 Paired Comparison
4.4 Test of Hypothesis Concerning A Single Population Proportion
4.5 Test of Hypothesis Concerning the Difference Between Two Population
Proportions
4.6 Test of Hypothesis Concerning A Single Population Variance
4.7 Test of Hypothesis Concerning the Ratio of Two Population Proportion
Variances
4.8 χ2 – Test as Goodness of Fit Test
4.9 χ2 – Test as a Test of Independence Between Two Attributes
5. Correlation and Regression

5.1 Concept of Regression and Correlation
5.2 Method of Least Square
5.3 Multiple Regression and Correlation for Three Variables Only
5.4 Application of Multiple Regression Plane in Business Problems
6. Time Series and Its Components

6.1 What is Time Series? Components of Times. Method of Studying These
Components
6.2 Method of Finding Secular Trend by the Principle of Least Square
Recommended Books
1. Fruend John E., Mathematical Statistics with Applications, Prentice Hall, (7th
Edition), October 2003.
2. Spiegel Murray R., Schaum’s Outline of Probability and Statistics, McGraw Hill
Publishers, (2nd Edition), March 2000.
3. Weiss Neil A., Introductory Statistics, Addison–Wesley Publishing Co. (7th
Edition), June 2004.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
Course Title : ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course draws upon research and insight from the disciplines by social sciences to
study the behavior of people in an organizational setup. It also studies organizations as
a social system to understand their structures and the ways people behave in them. It
trains the student to be effective managers and to appreciate the uniqueness of a
person as well as situation. Some of the important topics are: challenges facing
management, motivation performance through job design and goal setting, groups and
organizational characteristics.
Course Contents
1. Introduction to Organizational Behavior

1.1 Foundation of Organizational Behavior
1.6.1 Hawthorne Studies
1.6.2 Research Methodology
1.6.3 Technical Framework of Organizational Behavior
2. Organization Structure and Design

2.1 Organization Culture
2.2 Organization Changes
2.3 Organization Conflict Management
2.4 Power and Policies
2.5 Groups and Team
3. Perception and Attribution

3.1 Nature and Importance of Perception
• Perceptual Selectivity and Organization
• Social Perception
3.2 Attribution
• Attribution Theory
• Locus of Control
• Attribution Errors
3.3 Impression Management
4. Personality and Attitudes

4.1 Meaning of Personality
• Self Esteem
• Person Situation Interaction
• Big Five Personality Traits
• Briggs Type Indicator
• Nature and Dimension of Attitudes
• Components of Attitude. Functions of Attitudes
• Changing Attitudes.
4.2 Job Satisfaction
• Influences on Job Satisfaction
• Outcomes of Job Satisfaction
4.3 Organizational Commitment
• Meaning and Outcomes of Organizational Outcome
• Guidelines to Enhance Organizational Commitment
5. Motivational Needs and Processes
5.1 Meaning of Motivation
• Primary Motives
• General Motives
• Secondary Motives
5.2 Work Motivation Approaches
• The Content Theories
• Process Theories
• Contemporary Theories of Work Motivation
6. Positive Psychology Approach to Organizational Behavior
6.1 Optimism
• Emotional Intelligence
• Self–Efficiency
7. Behavioral Performance Management
7.1 Role of Organizational Reward System
7.2 Organizational Behavior Modification
8. Meaning and Leading for High Performance

• Job Design
• Quality Work Life
• Socio-Technical Design and High Performance
• Work Practices
• Goal Setting
Recommended Books
1. Luthans. F., Organizational Behavior, McGraw Hill N.Y., (9th Edition), 2002.
2. Kreitner R. and Kinicki. A., Organizational Behavior, Prentice Hall New York, (5th
Edition), 2001.
3. Robbins, Stephen P., Organizational Behavior, New Jersey : Prentice Hall Inc.,
(Latest Edition), 2001.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS AND LABOUR LAW
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The course to acquaints the students with Business and Labour Laws. This will enable
them to learn the concepts and provisions of laws which are related to business
operations and management. Decision making in business must look into the legal
aspects affecting the relationship outside and inside organization. The understanding of
basic provisions of law will create confidence in managers while dealing with issues in
management.
Course Contents
Introduction to Business Laws
1. Law of Contract (1872)

1.1 Definition, Essential of a Valid Contract
1.2 Essentials of Valid Contract, Performance of Contract, Discharge of
Contract, Breach of Contract
1.3 Damages for Breach of Contract, Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee,
Bailment, Pledge and Agency
2. Sales of Goods Act (1930)

2.1 Distinction Between Sale and Agreement to Sell
2.2 Conditions and Warranties, Implied and Express Terms
2.3 Performance of the Contract
2.4 Rights of the Unpaid Seller Against the Goods
2.5 Sale by Auction
2.6 Breach of Contract
3. Law of Governing Partnership (Act of 1934)

3.1 Definitions, Types of Partnerships
3.2 Essential Elements of Partnership
3.3 Registration of Partnership
3.4 Partnership Becoming Illegal
3.5 Partnership Distinguished from : Company, Private Company and Co-
ownership
3.6 Partnership Agreement
3.7 Rights and Liabilities of Members of Partnership Firm
3.8 Personal Profit Earned by the Partner
3.9 The Property of the Firm
3.10 Implied Authority of Partners
3.11 Principles of Holding Out
3.12 Minor as a Partner
3.13 Reconstitution of a Firm
3.14 Dissolution of a Partnership
3.15 Rights and Obligations of Partners After Dissolution of Partnership
4. Law of Negotiable Instruments (Act of 1881)

4.1 Definition, Characteristics of a Negotiable Instrument
4.2 Notes, Bills and Cheques, Parties to instrument
4.3 Negotiation, Endorsement Liabilities of Parties
4.4 Payment, Discharge from Liabilities
4.5 Dishonour of Instrument
4.6 Noting and Protesting on Dishonor, Renewal and Retirement of Bill of
Exchange
4.7 Compensation and Presumptions
4.8 Factories Act (1934), Industrial Relations Ordinances (2002), Payment of
Wages Act (1936) and Workmen’s Compensation Act (1923)
LABOUR LAWS
5. Factories Act (1934)

5.1 Provisions Regarding Health and Safety Working Hours Including Rest
Intervals Working Holidays and Overtime
5.2 Employment of Women and Children
6. Workmen’s Compensation Act (1923)

6.1 Provisions Regarding Definitions Employers Liability for Compensation
6.2 Amount of Compensation
6.3 Methods of Calculating Wages
6.4 Review
6.5 Communication and Distribution of Compensation Report of Fatal
Accidents and Medical Examination
7. Payment of Wages Act (1936)

7.1 Provisions Regarding Definitions Responsibility for Payment of Wages
7.2 Wage Period and Term of Payment
7.3 Deduction and Fines
7.4 Claims for Unpaid Wages
8. Industrial Relations Ordinance (2002)

8.1 Provisions Regarding Registration of Trade Unions
8.2 Unfair Labour Practices
8.3 Collective Bargaining Agents
8.4 Shop Steward and Management Board
8.5 Work Council
8.6 Conciliation Process
8.7 Strikes and Lockout
Recommended Books
1. Saeed Khawaja Amjad, Mercantile and Industrial Law in Pakistan, Lahore

Institute of Business Management, Khawaja Publisher, 1999.
2. Hashmi I. R., Mercantile Law, Union Book Stall, Karachi, 1968.
3. Cheema, Muhammad Khalid, Business Law, Syed Mubeen Mahmood & Co, 2005.
BBA – IV (Hons.)
Course Title : PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Marketing is all around us and we all need to understand its importance. The study of
marketing is essential not only for manufacturing companies, wholesalers, retailers but
also for all kinds of individuals and organizations. This course will emphasize on learning
the basic marketing concepts which revolve around ‘Building and managing profitable
customer relationships’. Here we will learn how to analyze consumer needs and wants
and to design products for them keeping in mind the major marketing decisions i.e.
about product features, price, distribution and promotional strategies. The need to
segment markets and building strongly positioned brands will be discussed. Moreover
because of technological advancements the importance of marketing in a global scenario
will also be discussed.
Course Contents
1. Marketing : Managing Profitable Customer Relationships

1.1 Concept of Marketing
1.2 Marketing Management Philosophies
2. Company and Marketing Strategy

2.1 Strategic Planning
2.2 Marketing Process
3. The Marketing Environment

3.1 Micro Environment
3.2 Macro Environment
4. Managing Marketing Information

4.1 Assessing Marketing Information Needs
4.2 Developing Marketing Information
5. Consumer Markets and Consumer Buying Behavior

5.1 Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior
5.2 Types of Buying – Decision Behavior
5.3 Buyer Decision Process
6. Business Markets and Business Buyer Behavior

6.1 Characteristics of Business Markets
6.2 Types of Buying Situations
6.3 Participants in the Business Buying Process
7. Market Segmentation, Target Marketing and Positioning for

Competitive Advantage
7.1 Segmenting Consumer, Business and International Markets
7.2 Evaluating Market Segments
7.3 Selecting Target Market Segments
7.4 Choosing, Communicating and Delivering Positioning Strategies
8. Product, Services and Branding Strategies

8.1 Product and Service Decisions
8.2 Branding Strategies
8.3 Services Marketing
9. New Product Development and Product Life Cycle Strategies

9.1 Steps for Developing a New Product
9.2 Stages and Strategies of Product Life Cycle
10. Pricing Considerations, Approaches and Strategies

10.1 Factors to Consider When Setting Price
10.2 General Approaches to Pricing
10.3 New Product Pricing Strategies
10.4 Product Mix Pricing Strategies
10.5 Price Adjustment Strategies
11. Designing Marketing Channels

11.1 Nature and Importance of Marketing Channels
11.2 Channel Design and Management Decisions
11.3 Retailing
11.4 Wholesaling
11.5 Transportation
12. Integrated Marketing Communication

12.1 Marketing Communication Mix
12.2 Steps in Developing Effective Communication
12.3 Setting Total Promotion Budget and Mix
Recommended Books
1. Kotler Philip and Armstrong Gary, Principles of Marketing, McGraw Hill Inc. 2006.
2. Stanton Etzel and Walker, Fundamental of Marketing, Prentice Hall Inc. 2002.
3. Mc Carthy, Basic Marketing, McGraw Hill, N.Y., 2001.
BBA – V (Hons.)
Course Title : COST ACCOUNTING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course gives fundamental elements of production, cost, budgeting, procedures of

job order costing, process costing and standard costing. It enables the students to
acquire skills necessary to interpret and analyze accounting data. This course builds
upon the concepts and techniques to control cost driven activities. Distinction is made
between Financial Accounting and Cost Accounting with respect to their integration.
Course Contents
1. The Management Concept and the Function of the Controller

1.1 The Management Concept
1.2 The Controller’s Participation in Planning and Control
1.3 The Cost Department
1.4 The Role of Cost Accounting
2. Cost Concepts and the Cost Accounting Information System

2.1 The Cost Concept
2.2 The Cost Accounting Information System
2.3 Classification of Costs
2.4 The flow of Costs in a Manufacturing Enterprise
2.5 Manufacturing Cost Accounting Cycle
2.6 Factory Ledger and General Ledger Accounting
3. Job Order Costing

3.1 Cost Systems and Cost Accumulation Procedures
3.2 Job Order Costing
4. Process Costing: Cost of Production Report

4.1 Process Cost Accumulation Procedures
4.2 The Cost of Production Report
4.3 Other Factors in Accounting for Lost Units
4.4 Addition of Materials
5. Process Costing: Average and FIFO Costing
5.1 Beginning Work in Process Inventories
5.2 Difficulties Encountered in Process Cost Accounting Procedures
6. By Product and Joint Product Costing

6.1 Difficulties in Costing By-Products and Joint Products
6.2 Definition of By-Products and Joint Products
6.3 Methods of Costing By-Products
6.4 Methods of Accounting the Joint Production Cost
6.5 An Analysis of joint Product Costing
7. Materials: Controlling and Costing

7.1 Procedures for Materials Procurement and Use
7.2 Materials Costing Methods
7.3 Transfer of Materials Cost to Finished Product
7.4 Costing Procedures for Scrap, Spoiled Goods and Defective Work
7.5 Summary of Materials Management
8. Materials: Quantitative Models for Planning and Control

8.1 Planning Materials Requirements
8.2 Materials Control
9. Labor: Controlling and Accounting for Costs

9.1 Productivity and Labor Costs
9.2 Incentive Wage Plans
9.3 Organization for Labor Cost Accounting and Control
10. Factory Overhead: Planned, Actual, and Applied; Variance Analysis

10.1 The Nature of Factory Overhead
10.2 The Use of a Predetermined Factory Overhead Rate
10.3 Factors to be Considered in the Selection of Overhead Rates
10.4 The Calculation of a Factory Overhead Rate
10.5 Actual Factory Overhead Over or Under applied and Variance
10.6 Analysis
10.7 Changing Overhead Rates
10.8 Summary of Factory Overhead
11. Standard Costing Setting Standards and Analyzing Variances

11.1 Usefulness of Standard Costs
11.2 Setting Standards
11.3 Determining Standard Production
11.4 Determining Standard Cost Variances
11.5 Responsibility and Control of Variances
12. Standard Costing Incorporating Standards into the Accounting

Records
12.1 Recording Standard Cost Variances in the Accounts
12.2 Standard Cost Accounting Procedures for Materials
12.3 Standard Cost Accounting Procedures for Labor
12.4 Standard Cost Accounting Procedures for Factory Overhead
Recommended Books
1. Horngern Charles T., Cost Account: A Managerial Emphasis, Prentice Hall, 1998.
2. Cashin and Polimini, Cost Accounting, McGraw Hill, 1995.
3. Usry Milton F., Cost Accounting planning and Control, South Western Publishing
Co.(Ohio), (9TH Edition), 1996.
BBA – V (Hons.)
Course Title : ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Credit Hours : 03
Course Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Lithosphere
1.2 Biosphere
1.3 Atmosphere
1.4 Hydrosphere
2. Principles of Resource Management

2.1 Kind of Resources
2.2 Pattern of Global Resources Depletion
2.3 Resource Economics
2.4 Sustainable Development
3. Biological Resources
3.1 Biodiversity
3.1.1 Biodiversity Loses
3.1.2 Biodiversity Action Plan
3.2 Community and Ecosystem Degradation
3.3 Species Preservation
3.4 Species Conservation
3.5 Wetlands
3.6 Biomes
4. Social and Legal Aspects of the Current Environmental Crises

4.1 Environmental Ethics and Environment and Development Linkage
4.2 Global Environment Conflicts
5. Environmental Pollution Management

5.1 Aquatic Environment
5.2 Terrestrial Environment
5.3 Marine Environment
5.4 Atmosphere
Recommended Books
1. McPherson, G. R.; Destefano, Stephen, Applied Ecology and Natural Resource

Management, Cambridge University Press, 2002, U.K.
2. Allaby, M., Basics of Environmental Science, Routledge, 2000, U.K.
3. Bertie J., Conserving Living Natural Resources, Cambridge University Press,
2002, U.K.
4. Barrow C. J., Environmental Management Principles & Practice, Routledge, 1999,
U.K.
5. Tom Tietenberg, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, (6th Edition),
2003, Boston San Francisco, New York.
6. Roma M., Environmental Management and Awareness Issues, Sterling Pulishers
Pvt. Ltd., 2000, New Dehli.
7. Ibrahim A. M., Soil Pollution, Springer, 2004, U.K.
BBA – V (Hons.)
Course Title : COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course develops the student to observe group relationship and its importance in
organizational setup with the distinction between functional and dysfunctional aspects.
Sociology helps to learn and perform to meet the objectives and norms of an
organization, and to interact purposefully with the groups for the success of business.
This course will help the students of management to learn the recent trends in
sociology.
Some of the important topics are culture, sub culture their usefulness and functional
importance, roles and status in an organizational setup, social stratification etc. The
subject tackles some of the challenges of globalization.
Course Contents
1. Definition of Sociology
2. Scope of Sociology
3. Sociology and Scientific Thoughts: Relationship of Sociology with other

Social Sciences
3.1 Economies
3.2 Psychology
3.3 Political Science
3.4 History
3.5 Social Anthropology
4. Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology

4.1 Why Different Perspectives
4.2 The Functional Perspective
4.3 The Conflict Perspective
4.4 The Interactionist Perspective
5. The Origin of Society
5.1 The Emergence of Man
5.2 The Symbolic World
5.3 Individual, Group and Society – Definition
5.4 Community – Definition
(a) Rural Community
(b) Urban Community
5.5 Culture – Meaning, Definition and Characteristics of Culture
5.6 Functional Role of Culture in Society
6. Socialization
6.1 Definition, Objectives of Socialization
6.2 Process of Socialization
6.3 Agencies of Socialization
6.4 Groups – The Basic Social Unit
7. Ethnology – Definition, Meaning and Importance
8. Social Institutions
8.1 Definition and Characteristics
8.2 Types of Social Institution
(a) Family
(b) Economic
(c) Educational
(d) Political
(e) Religious
8.3 Role in Social Institutions
9. Personality
9.1 Definition
9.2 Personality and Culture
10. Social Change

10.1 Definition, Meaning and Factors
Recommended Books
1. Albert Wilhelm, Elements of Sociology, Heineman Educational Books Limited,

London, 1968.
2. Biesanz Mavis Hitunen, Richard Biesanz and Karen Biesanz, Introduction to
Sociology (Study Guide), Prentice Hall, Inc. New Jersey, 1973.
3. DeFleur Melvin L., Millian V. D. Antonio and Lois B. Defleur, Sociology : Man in
Society, Foresman and Company, London, 1972.
4. Jean, Stockard, Sociology : Discovering Society, Wadsworth, 2000.
5. Rand Jerry. D. Rose, Introduction to Sociology, Menally College Publishing
Company Chicago, 1973.
6. Whitten Philips, Reading in Sociology : Contemporary Perspectives, Harper and
Raw Publishers, London, 1979, (2nd Edition).
BBA – V (Hons.)
Course Title : ECONOMY OF PAKISTAN
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course is designed to provides students with critical information and knowledge
about Pakistan economic environment. Important components which contribute to the
development and progress of the economy of country are included here.
The students are expected to learn about the current economic condition of Pakistan
and also to develop analytical thinking about future. Since the topics discussed have
both descriptive and quantitative approach students will be beneficial from both angles.
Course Contents
1. Agriculture Sector
1.1 Major Crops, Cash Crops
1.2 Minor Crops
1.3 Irrigated and Un-irrigated Area
1.4 Agricultural Inputs Forestry, Livestock, Fisheries
1.5 Role of Agriculture in Economic Development of Country
1.6 Problems in Agriculture Sector
2. Industry
2.1 Small, Medium and Large Scale Industries
2.2 Major Industries of Pakistan
2.3 Employment Capital Output Ratio
2.4 Industrial Policy and Prospects
2.5 Privatization of SOE’s (State Owned Enterprises)
2.6 FDI in Industrial Sector
2.7 Industrial Financial Institution
3. Population
3.1 Population Trend, Birth Rate, Fertility Rate and Infant Morality Rate
3.2 Rural Urban Migration
3.3 Male/Female Ratio
3.4 Life Expectancy and Population Pyramid
4. Education
4.1 Number of Male/Female Educational Institutions
4.2 Student Enrolment
4.3 Teacher/Student Ratio
4.4 Literacy Ratio And Educational Policy
5. Health
5.1 Number of Hospitals Doctors and Paramedical Staff
5.2 Number of Medical Colleges
5.3 Major Diseases
5.4 Access to Clean Water and Sanitation
6. Services Industry
6.1 Major Services Hotels and Motels, Tourism and Transportation
7. Foreign Trade
7.1 Major Exports and Imports
7.2 Commercial Policy, Tariffs and Quotas
7.3 Export Subsidies and Rebate
7.4 Foreign Exchange Earnings and Balance of Trade
8. Monetary Policy
8.1 Role of State Bank of Pakistan in Money Supply
8.2 Tools Of Monetary Policy
8.3 Open Market Operation
8.4 Bank Rate and Required Reserve Ratio
9. Fiscal Policy
9.1 Direct and Indirect Taxes, Excise Duty
9.2 Government Budget and Government Expenditure
9.3 Revenue Sharing Between Federation and the Provinces And Between
Province And Local Government
10. Investment Policy

10.1 Domestic Investment
10.2 Foreign Direct Investment
10.3 Privatization of Public Sector Enterprises
11. Inflation
11.1 Measurement of Inflation
11.2 Consequences of Inflation
11.3 Inflation and Unemployment
11.4 How to Control Inflation
12. Labor Force

12.1 Manpower Planning Male / Female, Skilled / Unskilled, Rural / Urban
12.2 Self-Employed / Employed Labor Force
12.3 Manpower Planning
13. GDP
13.1 Measurement of GDP
13.2 Composition of GDP
13.3 Growth Rate of GDP
13.4 Per Capita GDP and Growth Vs. Development
14. Capital Markets

14.1 Stock Exchanges and Their Functioning
14.2 Role of Security Exchange Commission Of Pakistan (SECP)
14.3 Stock Index and Foreign Portfolio Investment
15. Infrastructural Services

15.1 Transportation (Roads, Railway, Airplanes and Merchant Ships)
15.2 Communication Network (Telephone, Radio, TV, Print Media and
Internet)
16. Energy Resources

16.1 Sources of Power
16.1.1 Thermal Power Resources
16.1.2 Hydropower Resources
16.2 Energy Generation
16.3 Power Losser
Recommended Books
1. Nasir, M. Saeed, Economics of Pakistan, Markazi Kutub Khana, 1996.

2. Malik, Sohail, Economy of Pakistan, Hyder Kamal Syed Imtiaz Publishers, Lahore,
1999.
3. Saeed, Amjad Khawaja, Economy of Pakistan, Pakistan Institute of Management
Science, 2002.
4. Pakistan Economic Survey (Various Issues).
5. Zaidi S. Akbar, Saiyid Ameena, Issues in Pakistan’s Economy, Oxford University
Press, 2000.
6. Pakistan Year Book
BBA – V (Hons.)
Course Title : FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course focuses on the theoretical and practical aspects of financial management.
The course contains tools and techniques of financial management, which can be
applied in the specific area of business to manage operating, financing and investing
activities. The objective of this course is to provide the students with an in-depth
knowledge of financial management to enable them to understand and apply strategic
approach of financial management, use financial instruments for strategic financial
management, examine the financial goals and policy of the business for proper
application, develop financial plan to manage various financial activities of business.
Course Contents
1. An Overview of Financial Management

1.1 Importance of Financial Management
1.2 The Responsibilities of Manager Finance
1.3 Role of Finance in Organizational Structure of the Firm
1.4 The Goals of Corporation
1.5 Objective of Financial Management
1.6 Financial Strategy and Regulatory Requirements
1.7 Managerial Actions to Maximize Shareholders Wealth
1.8 Agency Relationships
1.9 The External Environment
2. Working Capital Policy

2.1 Working Capital Terminology
2.2 The Requirements of External Working Capital Financing
2.3 The Relationship of Working Capital Accounts
2.4 The Cash Conversion Cycle
2.5 Working Capital Investment and Financing Policies
2.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of Short – Term Financing
3. Short Term Financing
3.1 Sources of Short – Term Financing
3.2 Accruals Accounts Payables
3.3 Short- Term Bank Loans
3.4 Commercial Papers
4. Valuation Models
4.1 Key Concepts of Value
4.2 Time Value of Money
4.3 The Valuation Process
4.4 The Fundamental Valuation Model
4.5 Valuation of Securities
4.6 Bond Valuations
4.7 Preferred Stock
5. Financial Markets
5.1 An Overview
5.2 Money Market
5.3 Institutional Framework with Reference to Pakistan
5.4 Capital Markets
5.5 Primary Vs Secondary Markets
5.6 Organized Vs Over The Counter Market
5.7 Investment Banking and Public Securities Issue
5.8 Private Placement
5.9 Role of Financial Markets in Pakistan
6. The Cost of Capital

6.1 Cost of Debt
6.2 Cost of Preferred Stock
6.3 Cost of Retained Equity
6.4 Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
6.5 Managing Cost of Capital
6.6 MCC and IOS.
7. Capital Budgeting
7.1 Importance of Capital Budgeting
7.2 Link Between Investment Decisions and Customer Requirements
7.3 Generating Ideas for Capital Budgeting
7.4 Project Classification
7.5 Similarities between Capital Budgeting and Security Valuation
7.6 Capital Budgeting Evaluation Techniques
7.7 Comparison of The NPV and IRR Methods
7.8 Cash Flow Estimation
7.9 Relevant Cash Flow
7.10 Capital Budgeting
7.11 Introduction to Project Risk Analysis
7.12 Beta (or Market Risk) Risk
8. Capital Structure
8.1 The Target Capital Structure
8.2 Determining the Optimal Capital Structure
8.3 Capital Structure Theory
9. Risk Analysis
9.1 Risk and Return
9.2 Risk Behavior
9.3 Return Portfolio
9.4 Risk Measurement
10. Dividend Policy

10.1 Dividend Policy and Shares’ Value
10.2 Investors and Dividend Policy
10.3 Factors Influencing Dividend Policy
10.4 Bonus Shares and Share Splits
11. Lease Financing

11.1 Features of a Lease Types of Lease
11.2 Accounting and Tax Treatments of Leases
11.3 Evaluation by the Lessee
11.4 Evaluation by the Lessor
11.5 Other Issues in Lease Analysis
11.6 Why Firm Lease
Recommended Books
1. John J. Hampton, Financial Decision Making, Concepts, Problems and Cases,

Prentice Hall, 1989.
2. Brigham and Houston, Financial Management, The Dryden Press, 2004.
3. Richard Breeley and Stewart Myers, Principles of Corporate Finance, McGraw Hill.
4. Gitman, Managerial Finance, Prentice Hall.
5. Ramesh, K.S. Rao, Fundamentals of Financial Management, Maxwell Macmillian
(Latest International Edition), 1989.
BBA – V (Hons.)
:
Course Title COMPUTER APPLICATION TO BUSINESS
(E–COMMERCE)
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
Globalization of trade, the emergence of Information Economies, and the growth of

Internet have recast the role of e-Com in Business and Management. In other wordse-
Com solutions and Infrastructure have become essential for creating competitive firms,
managing global corporations, providing useful products and services to customers
through a better management of information resources and commercial transactions.
This course is designed to integrate the organizational, technical, operational, practical,
strategic and decision making aspects of e-Com solutions as required in Business and
Management.
o Understanding of e-Business Systems
o Legal issues and e-standards
o Website development for a Business
Course Contents
1. Intro to IT
1.1 Business Application
1.2 Organization and Organizational Units
1.3 Challenges
1.4 Management
2 Communications and Networks

2.1 Communication Equipment
2.2 Software and Protocols
2.3 Communication in Business
2.4 Management Challenges
3. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

3.1 EDI Technology
3.2 EDI as a Re-engineering Tool
3.3 EDI Development
4. The Internet
4.1 Intro to Internet
4.2 Internet: Applications in Business
4.3 Internet, Intranet, Extranet
4.4 Internet: Ethics, Standards and Society
4.5 Challenges
5. E–Commerce Technology
5.1 Web Applications and Uses
5.2 Information Retrieval
5.3 Entertainment
5.4 Transactions Processing System (TPS)
5.5 E–Com Support System: E–Com Servers and Services
5.6 Net Components and Technologies
5.7 Electronic Mail
5.8 Accessing Files with FTP
5.9 Our Free Market Economy
5. E–Commerce System Configurations

5.1 P2P Systems P – People
5.2 P2S2P Systems S – System
5.3 S2S Systems
6. E–Commerce Applications Models

6.1 B2C B – Business
6.2 B2B C – Consumer
6.3 C2C G – Government
6.4 B2E S – Society
6.5 G2S E – Employee
7. B2C – Business to Consumer Application (Corporation’s Interface with

Its Customers)
7.1 Electronic Commerce Growth and Structure
7.2 EFTS (Electronics Funds Transfer System)
7.3 Online Payments: PIN Payments
7.4 e–cash
8. e–Marketing Process Models

8.1 Direct Marketing versus Indirect Marketing
8.2 Full Cyber Marketing versus Partial Cyber Marketing
8.3 Electronic Store versus Electronic Shopping Mall
8.4 Electronic Distributor vs. Electronic Broker
8.5 Generalized e-Malls/Stores vs. Specialized e-Malls/Stores
8.6 Proactive vs. Reactive Strategic Posture Toward Cyber Marketing
8.7 Global vs. Regional Marketing
8.8 Sales vs. Customer Services
9. Consumer Online Shopping
9.1 Procedure for Internet Shopping
9.2 Search for Available Items
9.3 Order Placement
9.4 Delivered Items Receiving
9.5 Preliminary Requirement Determination
9.6 Items Comparison
9.7 Payment for Goods
10. Other Online Applications

10.1 Online Catalogs
10.2 Online Banking
10.3 Online Auctions
10.4 Virtual Storefront
10.5 Online Education
10.6 Online Security
10.7 Online Investment
10.8 Stock Trading
11. B2B – Business to Business Applications

11.1 Business Information System
11.2 Value Chains
11.3 Competition Among Traditional Companies in E–Commerce
11.4 Acquisitions
11.5 Supply Chain
11.6 Entities of B2B EC
11.7 Alliances
11.8 Global Strategy
12. Models of B2B E–Commerce

12.1 Supplier Oriented Marketplace
12.2 Electronic Bidding Process
12.3 Intermediary Oriented Marketplace
12.4 Networking Between HQ and subsidiaries
12.5 Buyer’s Internal Market Place
12.6 B2B Auctions
12.7 B2B Services
12.8 Vertical B2B
12.9 Buyer – Oriented Marketplace
12.10 Benefits to Buyer and Seller
12.11 Virtual Corporations
12.12 e–Procurement (Vendor B2B)
12.13 Issues in Procurement Management
12.14 Managed Interactive Bidding
12.15 Brokering B2B
13. B2E – Business to Employee Applications (Inter-Enterprise Commerce)

13.1 Intra Business E–Commerce
13.2 Intranet
13.3 Effective Management Control
13.4 ERP Systems and Their Extension to Inter – Enterprise Commerce
14. G2S – Government to Society Applications

14.1 Govt. Involvement in Electronic Commerce
14.2 Provincial Govt. and E–Commerce
14.3 Federal Govt. and E–Commerce
14.4 Local Govt. and E–Commerce
15. The Driving Forces of E–Commerce
15.1 Change Management (CM)
15.2 New World of Business
15.3 Organization Responses
15.4 Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
15.5 Business Pressures
16. Establishing your Presence in E–Commerce

16.1 Types of Web Sites
16.2 Web Page Design and Tools
16.3 Publishing and Promoting Your Web Site
16.4 Maintaining a Web Site: Structuring a Traditional Company’s “Dot Com”
17. Limitations, Issues and Problems in E–Commerce

17.1 Technical Issues
17.2 Legal Issues
17.3 Social Issues
17.4 Security Issues
17.5 Remedies
18. Overall Impact of E–Commerce

18.1 Improved Direct Marketing
18.2 Redefining Organizations
18.3 Impact on Manufacturing
18.4 Sales and Distribution
18.5 Disintermediation and Reintermediation
18.6 Matter of Logistics
18.7 Shopping Cart
18.8 Branding and Pricing
18.9 Managerial Issues
18.10 Change in a Traditional Company
18.11 Transforming Organizations
18.12 Impact on Finance and Accounting
18.13 HR Management
18.14 Quality Control and Management
18.15 Impact on Manufacture’s Distribution Strategy
18.16 Intelligent Agents
18.17 Portals
18.18 Managing Channel Conflict
18.19 Leveraging a Traditional Business on the Web
19. Present and Emerging Trends in E–Commerce

19.1 Future of E–Commerce
19.2 Mobile Commerce
19.3 Business on Internet
20. Practical Implementation of Web Development for Business
Recommended Books
1. Turban, Lee, King, Chung, Electronic Commerce : A Managerial Perspective,

Prentice Hall, (Latest Edition)
2. Kalakota and Robinson, e–Business, Addison-Wesley, (Latest Edition)
3. Rayport, Jaworski and Whitely, Introduction to e–Business, McGraw Hill, (Latest
Edition)
4. Gerald V. Poste, David L. Anderson, Management Information System (MIS),
Irwin/McGraw Hill, (Latest Edition)
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course is aimed at creating a desire in students to use their skills and talents as an
entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship is a combination of attributes which motivates a person
to learn how he can develop himself as a successful businessman. By studying the
concepts and theories of the entrepreneurship a student will be encouraged to transform
himself by acquiring the knowledge as to how successfully he can start, manage and
achieve growth in his business.
Students work in teams to develop formal and written strategies business plans and
ready for implementation by them.
Course Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 The Concept of Entrepreneurship
1.2 Foundation of Entrepreneurship
1.3 The Economist View of Entrepreneurship
1.4 The Sociologist View
1.5 Behavioral Approach
1.6 Entrepreneurship and Management
2. The Practice of Entrepreneurship

2.1 The Process of Entrepreneurship
2.2 Entrepreneurial Management
2.3 Strategic Management and the Entrepreneurship
2.4 The Entrepreneurial Business
2.5 The Entrepreneurship in Service Institutions
2.6 The New Venture
3. Entrepreneurship and Innovation

3.1 The Innovation Concept
3.2 Importance of Innovation for Entrepreneurship
3.3 Sources of Innovation Opportunities
3.4 The Innovation Process
3.5 Risks Involved in Innovation
4. Developing an Entrepreneur
4.1 Entrepreneurial Profile
4.2 Trait Approach to Understanding Entrepreneurship
4.3 Factors Influencing Entrepreneurship
4.4 The Environment
4.5 Socio-Cultural Factors
4.6 Support Systems
5. Entrepreneurship Organization
5.1 Team Work
5.2 Networking Organization
5.3 Motivation and Compensation
5.4 Value System
6. Entrepreneurship and SMEs

6.1 Defining SMEs
6.2 Scope of SMEs
6.3 Entrepreneurial Managers of SMEs
6.4 Financial and Marketing Problems of SMEs
7. Entrepreneurial Marketing
7.1 Framework for Developing Entrepreneurial Marketing
7.2 Devising Entrepreneurial Marketing Plan
7.3 Entrepreneurial Marketing Strategies
7.4 Product Quality and Design
8. Entrepreneurship and Economic Development

7.1 Role of Entrepreneurship in the Economic Development Generation of
Services
7.2 Employment Creation and Training
7.3 Ideas, Knowledge and Skill Development
7.4 The Japanese Experience
9. Case Studies of Successful Entrepreneurs
Recommended Books:
1. Burns Paul and Hurst Jim Dew, Small Business and Entrepreneurship, McMillan,
1997
2. Drucker Peter F., Innovation and Entrepreneurship, McGraw Hill, Inc. N.Y., 2007.
3. Mariotti Steve, National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship, Prentice Hall,
2007.
4. Miner John B., Entrepreneurship Success, Prentice Hall, N.Y.
5. Zimmerer Thomas W. and Scarborga Norman M., Essentials of Entrepreneurship
and Small Business Management (4/e)”, Prentice Hall, 2006.
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The course introduces filed of production / operations management. Topics to be

covered represent a blend of concepts, industrial engineering cost accounting, general
management, quantitative methods and statistics. This will include both operations as
well as strategic issues as applied forecasting, aggregate planning, scheduling, shop
floor control, total quality management, inventory management, facility layout and
project management.
Course Contents
1. 1.1 Introduction of Production / Operations Management

1.2 Importance of Operations Management and Productivity
1.3 Manufacturing and Services Operations
1.4 Operations as Competitive Weapon
1.5 Operations Strategy and Corporate Strategy
2. 2.1 Process Management

2.2 Process Choices and Process Design
3. 3.1 Management of Technology

3.2 Role of Technology and R and D
3.3 Technology as a Competitive Advantage
3.4 CAD / CAM / CIM and FMS
4. 4.1 Work-Force Management

4.2 Job Design, Job Specification, Job Description
4.3 Human Resource Planning, Training, Motivation
4.4 Total Quality Management
4.5 Quality as a Competitive Weapon
4.6 Statistical Process Control
5. 5.1 Capacity Planning

5.2 Location and Facility Layout Planning
6. 6.1 Simulation Analysis
6.2 Supply Chain Management
6.3 Materials Management
6.4 Materials and Requirement Planning and Master Production Schedule
6.5 Inventory Management Concepts and Inventory Control
6.6 Aggregate Product Planning
7. 7.1 Japanese Manufacturing Techniques

7.2 Just-in-Time System and Kanban System
7.3 Project Management
7.4 Project Planning and Scheduling
7.5 PERT / CPM
Books Recommended
1. Adam Everett Jr. and Ebert Ronald J., Production and Operations Management,
Prentice Hall International UK Ltd. London. (5th Edition), 1996.
2. Buffa Elwood S. and Sarin Rakesh K., Modern Production/Operations
Management, Prentice Hall, (8th Edition), 2002.
3. Dilworth James D., Production and Operations Management, McGraw Hill,
(3rd Edition), 1998.
4. Krajewski Lee J. and Ritzman L. P., Operations Management, McGraw Hill, (5th
Edition), Weasly Longman, Inc. New York, USA, 1999.
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : MARKETING MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The objective of this course is to give students a detailed and advanced overview of
Marketing, as the basic concepts have already been discussed in the ‘Principles of
Marketing’ course. As the title ‘Marketing Management’ suggest that Marketing cannot
be separated from Management. To be a successful marketer , knowledge of handling
strategic and tactical management issues is necessary. This course is intended to
emphasize on the application of marketing concepts and tools along with the decision
making process. Here the students will learn how to analyze and measure total market
demand and winning customers through market oriented strategic planning, keeping in
mind the competitors moves. Major decisions about product, branding, price, channel
systems and productions will be emphasized.
Course Contents
1. Marketing : An Overview
1.1 Importance and Scope of Marketing
1.2 Understanding Marketing Management
1.3 Social Responsibility of Marketing
1.4 Company Orientations Toward the Market Place
2. Building Customer Satisfaction, Value and Retention

2.1 Attracting and Retaining Customers
2.2 Delivering Customer Value and Satisfaction
2.3 Company Profitability and total Quality Management
3. Winning Markets Through Market Oriented Strategic Planning

3.1 Corporate and Division Strategic Planning
3.2 Establishing Strategic Business Units
3.3 Analysing Business Portfolio
4. Gathering Information and Measuring Market Demand
4.1 Internal Records System
4.2 Marketing Intelligence, Research and Decision Support System
4.3 Forecasting and Demand Management
5. Scanning the Marketing Environment

5.1 Analysing Micro and Macro Environment Factors
5.2 SWOT Analysis
6. Buyer Behavior Analysis
6.1 Factors Affecting Buying Behavior
6.2 Buying Decision Process
6.3 Buying Objectives and Structures of Organizational Markets
7. Dealing with the Competition

7.1 Identifying and Analysing Competitors
7.2 Designing Competitive Intelligence System
7.3 Competitive Strategies
8. Segmenting, Targeting and Positioning Strategies

8.1 Levels and Patterns of Market Segmentation
8.2 Market Targeting
8.3 Developing and Communicating a Positioning Strategy
9. Product, Branding and Services Strategy

9.1 Product Mix and Product Line Decisions
9.2 Brand Decisions
9.3 Marketing Strategies for Service Firms
10. Developing Price Strategies and Policies

10.1 Selecting Pricing Objectives
10.2 Analysing Competitors Costs, Prices and Offers
10.3 Selecting Pricing Method
10.4 Product Mix Pricing
10.5 Promotional and Discriminatory Pricing
11. Marketing Channel Systems

11.1 Channel Functions and Flows
11.2 Channel Design and Management Decisions
11.3 Retailing and Wholesaling
12. Managing Integrated Marketing Communications

12.1 The Communication Process
12.2 Determine Communication Objectives
12.3 Select the Communication Channels
12.4 Establishing the Total Marketing Communications Budget
12.5 Factors in Setting the Marketing Communications Mix
Recommended Books
1. Kotler Philip, Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, 2006.

2. Sheth Jegdesh and Garett Dennis E., Marketing Management: A Comprehensive
Reader, South Western Publishing, 2003.
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The quality of business decisions depends to a great extent on the information available
to the decisions maker. It is the function of business research to provide information for
this decision-making. The main purpose of this course is to provide business decision
makers with an understanding of research methods.
The focus of this course is the need for business research and major emphasis will be on
workshop session, fieldwork and case studies also the preparation of a research report.
Course Contents
1. The Role of Business Research

1.1 Definition of Research
1.2 Business Research
1.3 Structure of Decision Making
1.4 Level of Decision Making
1.5 Decision Making Process
1.6 Manager Researcher Relationship
2. Scientific Inquiry
2.1 Overview
2.2 Definitions and Terminologies Used in Research
2.3 Methods of Theory Construction
2.4 Model Based Theory
2.5 Deductive Theory
2.6 Functional Theory
2.7 Induction Theory
2.8 Relevance of Science in Business Research
2.9 Scientific Methods
3. Beginning the Research Process

3.1 Business Research Processes
3.2 Problem Identification and Formulation
3.3 The Research Problem Development Process
3.4 Methods of Calculation of Research Cost and it Worth
4. Research Proposal Development and Evaluation

4.1 Overview
4.2 Types of Research Proposal
4.3 Research Proposal Importance for Manager and Researcher
4.4 Letter of Request
4.5 Letter of Transmittal
4.6 Title
4.7 Background
4.8 Problem Statement
4.9 Objectives
4.10 Research Strategy and Method
4.11 Nature of the Final Report
4.12 Budget and Time Schedule
4.13 Research Proposal Evaluation
5. Fundamentals of Research Design

5.1 The Nature of Research Design
5.2 Error Reduction Through Research Design
5.3 Material Sources of Error in the Research Design Process
5.4 Managerial Strategies for Dealing with Error
5.5 Major Types of Design
5.6 Ex-Post Facto Design
5.7 Experimental Design
5.8 Validity Concerns
5.9 Managerial Considerations
6. Foundations of Measurement
6.1 The Nature of Measurement
6.2 Components of Measurement
6.3 The Measurement Process
6.4 Levels of Measurement
6.5 Nominal
6.6 Ordinal
6.7 Interval Evaluation of Measurement Scales
6.8 Validity and Reliability
7. Attitude Measurement
7.1 Attitude Measurement
7.2 Attitude Defined
7.3 Attitude as a Hypothetical Construct
7.4 Techniques for Measuring Attitudes
7.5 Attitude Rating Scales
7.6 Ranking
7.7 Sorting
7.8 Other Methods of Attitude Measurement
7.9 Selecting a Measurement Scale
7.10 Some Practical Decisions
8. Primary Data Collection

9.1 The Nature of Primary Data Collection
9.2 Personal Interviewing
9.3 Telephone Interviewing
9.4 Mail Interviewing
9.5 A Comparison of Data Collection Methods
9. Secondary Data Collection

9.1 Secondary Data in Business Research
9.2 Uses of Secondary Data
9.3 Research Strategy
9.4 Literature Cited
9.5 Expert Interviews
9.6 Case Studies
10. Questionnaire Design

10.1 Importance
10.2 Phrasing
10.3 Response Format
10.4 Pre-Testing
10.5 Don’ts of a Questionnaire
11. Sampling Design

11.1 Terminologies and Definitions
11.2 Steps in Sampling Process
11.3 Sample Designs
11.4 Probability Designs
11.5 Unknown Probability Designs
11.6 Sample Size Calculations
11.7 Types of Sampling
12. Observation Method

12.1 Field Work
12.2 Editing and Coding
12.3 Data Analysis
12.4 Communicating Research Results
Recommended Books
1. Zikmund William G., Business Research Methods, The Dryden Press, 2004.
2. Dr. Matin A. Khan, Research Methods for Business Organization & Social
Institutions, Rahber Publishers, Lahore, Pakistan, 2007 (2nd Edition).
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
How well an organization obtains, maintains and retains its human resource is a major
determinant of its success or failure. This course explains how proactive managers and
human resource professionals share their dual responsibility for continuously improving
the human contribution to organizations, in ways that are strategically, socially, legally
and ethically acceptable.
Course Contents
1. 1.1 Evolution and Development of HRM

1.2 Meaning and Significance of HRM
2. 2.1 Difference Between Personnel Management and HRM

2.2 HRM vs. HRD
2.3 Strategic Role of Human Resource Management
2.4 Approaches to HRM
2.5 Models of HRM
3. 3.1 Human Resource Planning

3.2 Job Design and Analysis
3.3 Recruitment and Selection
3.4 Orientation
4. 4.1 Career Planning and Development

4.2 Training and Development
4.3 Performance Appraisal
4.4 Compensation Management and Employee Relation
4.5 Motivation and Reward System
5. 5.1 Employee Health and Safety

5.2 Employee Relations Management
6. 6.1 Employees Grievances
6.2 Disciplinary Rules
Recommended Books
1. Bernardin and Russell, Human Resource Management, McGraw Hill, 2001, (2nd
Edition).
2. Dessler Gary, Human Resource Management, Pearson Education, (Edition 2003).
3. Dowling Peter, Welch Denice E. and Schuler Randall S., International Human
Resource Management, Managing People in a Multinational Enlist, International
Thomason Publishing, Canada, 1998.
4. Foot Margaret and Carolina Hook, Introducing Human Resource Management,
Longman Publishing, London, 1997.
5. Graham, Hollinshead and Mike Leat, Human Resource Management, Pitman
Publishing, Great Britain, 1995.
6. Milkovich and Boudreen, Personnel / Human Resource Management, BPI Irwin
Publishing, 1998, Illinois, USA.
7. Werther William B. and Davis Keith, Human Resource and Personnel
Management, McGraw Hill, 2003.
BBA – VI (Hons.)
Course Title : MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The objective of this course will be concerned with providing information for the more
day-to-day functions of control and decision-making. This will involve budgeting, cost
accounting, variance analysis, and evaluation of alternative uses of resources.
Course Contents
1. Introduction : Managerial Accounting

1.1 A Perspective
1.2 Cost Terms
1.3 Concepts and Classification
2. Responsibility Accounting and Cost Allocation Concepts

2.1 Responsibility Accounting Centers and Performance Reports
3. Cost Flows and Accumulation

3.1 The Basic Cost Flow Model
3.2 Cost Accumulation
3.3 Merchandizing Organizations
3.4 Manufacturing Organizations
3.5 Services Organizations
4. Costing Systems
4.1 Job Order Costing Systems
4.2 Process Costing System
4.3 Hybrid Product Costing System
4.4 Cost Management Systems for New Manufacturing Environment
5. Cost Behavior and Estimation

5.1 Cost Behavior Patterns
5.2 Cost Estimation Methods
6. Cost–Volume–Profit Analysis
6.1 The Break Even Point
6.2 CVP Analysis
6.3 CVP with Multiple Products
6.4 Cost Structure and Leverage Analysis
7. Standard Costing System

7.1 Standard Costs and Control
7.2 Setting Cost Standards
7.3 Overhead Application in a Standard Costing System
7.4 Analysis of Cost Variances
8. Differential Cost Analysis

8.1 Differential Costs versus Variable Costs
8.2 Differential Costs versus Total Costs
8.3 Cost Analysis for Pricing Decisions
8.4 Make-or-Buy Decision
9. Variable Costing
9.1 Variable Costing versus Full Absorption Costing
9.2 Appropriateness of Variable Costing and Full Absorption Costing Methods
10. Flexible Budgeting

10.1 Static Budget versus Flexible Budget
10.2 Sales Activity (Volume) Variance
10.3 Profit Variance Analysis
10.4 Variable
10.5 Manufacturing Costs Variance
11. Budgeting and Monitoring

11.1 Framework of Budgeting
11.2 The Master Budget Development Process
11.3 Budgeting in Merchandising Operations
11.4 Service Enterprising and Non-Profit Organization
11.5 Budget Under Uncertainty
11.6 Report for Monitoring
Recommended Books
1. Hilton Ronald W., Managerial Accounting, McGraw Hill, 1995.

2. Hongren Charles T., Introduction to Managerial Accounting, Prentice Hall
International, 1998.
3. Garrison, Managerial Accounting, McGraw Hill, 1996.
BBA – VII (Hons.)
Course Title : CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The objective of this course is to make students aware of the dynamics behind buying
behavior. The needs and the motivation of the consumer are to be highlighted. This
course would lead the student to understand the role of Demographics and
Psychographics on the Consumer
Course Contents
1. Introduction:
1.1 Definition
1.2 Application of the Understanding of Consumer Behavior
2. Market Segmentation
2.1 Marketing mix
2.2 Demographic Segmentation
2.3 Geographic Segmentation
2.4 Benefit Segmentation
2.5 Usage Segmentation
2.6 Psycho-graphic Segmentation
2.7 Product Positioning
3. Consumer Motivation
3.1 The Influence of Needs
3.2 Need Theories
4. Perception and Consumer Behavior

4.1 Perceptual Selection
4.2 Perceptual Interpretation
4.3 Price Perceptions
5. Attitudes and Consumer Behavior

5.1 Nature of Consumer Attitudes
5.2 Role of Attitudes in Developing Marketing Strategy
5.3 Relationship between Beliefs, Attitudes and Behavior
6. Consumer Decision Making

6.1 Problem Recognition
6.2 Information Search and Evaluation
6.3 Purchase Process
6.4 Post Purchase Behavior
7. Life Style and Personality Influences:

7.1 Application of Life Style Characteristics to Marketing Strategies
7.2 Personality Theories and Consumer Behavior
Recommended Books
1. Evans, Martin, Consumer Behavior, John Wiley & Sons Inc. (2006).
2. Solomon, Michael, R., Consumer Behavior : Buying, Having, and Being, Upper
Saddle River, NJ : Pearson Education, Inc., (6th Edition).
BBA – VII (Hons.)
Course Title : MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The critical role ascribed to IT in both private and public sector is based upon two
popular precepts: First, that IT is a strategic device which, if deployed effectively, can
sustain and improve the competitive advantage of an organization. Second, the
normative literature argues that IT is most effective when aligned to the corporate
strategy, here IT is seen as instrumental in achieving improved information flows, better
services to customers, greater internal efficiencies in the form of cost control, and
headcount reduction.
Keeping in view the organizational aspects of gaining the competitive edge from IT, the
co course such enable students to understand, demonstrate, implement IT in a strategic
manner.
• IT Concepts and Methodologies.
• The application of IS in regard to the organizational hierarchy.
• Redesigning / Reengineering analysis and implementation.
• ERP- Analysis and Design methodology.
• Legal issues and IS Standards.
Course Contents
1. Organizations, Management, and Enterprise

1.1 Why the Information Systems
1.2 Contemporary Approaches to IS
1.3 Towards the Digital Firm : The New Role of IS in Organizations
1.4 Learning to Use IS: New Opportunities and Challenges of IS
2. IS in the Enterprise
2.1 Major Types of Systems in Organizations
2.2 Systems from a Functional Perspective
2.3 Enterprise Applications: The Value Chain Model
3. IS, Organizations, Management and Strategy
3.1 Organizations and IS
3.2 The Changing Role of IS in Organizations
3.3 Managers, Decision Making and IS
3.4 IS and the Business Strategy
4. Ethical and Social Issues in the Digital Firm

4.1 Understanding Ethical and Social Issues related to the System
4.2 Ethics in the Information Society
4.3 The Moral Dimensions of IS
4.4 Challenges and Opportunities
5. Analyzing Business Processes for an Enterprise

5.1 IS Infrastructure
5.2 Managing the Hardware Assets
5.3 Managing the Software
5.4 Business Planning and the IS infrastructure
6. Managing the Data Resources

6.1 Data and the typical File Environment
6.2 Database approach to Data Management
6.3 Creating a Database environment
6.4 Database trends
6.5 Database Challenges and Competitive Edge
7. MIS and Decision Making

7.1 Decision Support Systems
7.2 Group DSS
7.3 Executive Support in the Enterprise
7.4 Organizational Strategy and DM
8. Designing IS
8.1 Redesigning the Organization with IS
8.2 Systems as Planned Organizational Change
8.3 Business Process Redesigning and Process Improvements
8.4 Overview of Systems Development
8.5 Alternative System – Building Approaches
8.6 Cost Benefit Analysis issues in Designing IS
9. Business Value of Systems and Managing IT Change

9.1 Understanding the Business Value of IS
9.2 Business Process Re-engineering
9.3 The Importance of Change Management in IS Success and Failure
9.4 Managing Implementation and Maintenance
9.5 Competitive Edge and Changing Environment
10. ERP: Analysis and Design (A Practical Approach)

Recommended Books
1. Laudon and Laudon , Management Information Systems (MIS), Prentice Hall, (8th
Edition), 2005.
2. Mcleod Raymond Jr., Management Information Systems, Prentice Hall, 1998.
3. O’Brein James A., Management Information System, McGraw Hill, 2006.
BBA – VII (Hons.)
Course Title : BUSINESS ETHICS
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course introduces contemporary and controversial ethical issues facing the business
community. Topics include moral reasoning, moral dilemmas, law and morality, equity,
justice and fairness, ethical standards, and moral development. Upon completion,
students should be able to demonstrate an understanding of their moral responsibilities
and obligations are members of the workforce and society.
Course Contents
1. An Overview of Business Ethics

1.1 Business Ethics Defined
1.2 Social Responsibility and Business Ethics
1.3 The development of Business Ethics
1.4 Why study Business Ethics
1.5 Framework for Studying Business Ethics
2. Ethical Issues in Business

2.1 Foundation of Ethical Conflict
2.2 Classification of Ethical Issues
2.3 Ethical Issues Related to Participants and Functional Areas of Business
2.4 Recognizing an Ethical Issue
3. Applying Moral Philosophies to Business Ethics

3.1 Moral Philosophy Defined
3.2 Moral Philosophy Perspectives
4. Social Responsibility
4.1 The Economic Dimension
4.2 The Legal dimension
4.3 The Ethical Dimension
4.4 The Philanthropic Dimension
5. An Ethical Decision Making Framework
5.1 Ethical Issue Intensity
5.2 Individual Factors : Stages of Cognitive Moral Development
5.3 Corporate Culture
5.4 Significant Others
5.5 Opportunity
5.6 Business Ethics Evaluations and Intentions
5.7 Using the Ethical Decision- Making Framework to Improve Ethical
Decisions
6. How the Organization Influences Ethical Decision Making

6.1 Organizational Structure and Business Ethics
6.2 The Role of Corporate Culture in Ethical Decision-Making
6.3 Group Dimensions of Organizational Structure and Culture
6.4 Implications of Organizational Relationship for Ethical Decisions
7. The Influence of Significant Others in the Organization

7.1 Interpersonal Relationships in Organizations
7.2 Organizational Pressures and Significant Others
7.3 Leadership
7.4 Significant Others and Ethical Behavior in Business
8. The Role of Opportunity and Conflict

8.1 Opportunity
8.2 Conflict
Recommended Books
1. Boylan Michael, Series Editor, Basic Ethics in Action Series, Prentice Hall, 2001.
2. Ferrell, O.C, and Fraedrich, John, Ethical Decision Making and Cases, New
York, Houghton Mifflin, 2002 (5th Edition).
3. Marcus Alfred A., Business and Society, Irwin, (2nd Edition), 1998
4. Post James E. and Lawrence Ann T., Business and Society, (10th Edition), 2006.
BBA – VIII (Hons.)
Course Title : STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
This course is aimed to impart knowledge to students that enables them to analyze
firm’s capacity and environmental happening in order to make quality decisions. This
course provides insight about analysis, mission formulation, objective setting, strategy
formulation, implementation and strategic control. This course examines in detail the
different areas that serve as major input to strategic management of any firm. Students
would also be given supplementary work in the form of “A Case Analysis” which enables
students to diagnose and record strategic issues and key problems of firms.
Course Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Strategic Management
1.2 Definition and Process
1.3 Nature of Strategic Decisions
1.4 The Strategy Managers : The Role and Tasks
2. Strategy Formulation : Information Input

2.1 Operating Environment Scanning
2.2 Structural Analysis of Competitive Forces
2.3 The Structure and Performance of the Industry as a Whole
3. Strategy Formulation : Mission and Objective

3.1 Concepts: Mission, Goals, Objectives and Targets
3.2 Mission Development and Statement
3.3 Relationship
3.4 The Strategy Making Hierarchy
3.5 Corporate Strategy
3.6 Functional Strategies
3.7 Operating Strategy
3.8 Factors Shaping Strategy
4. Action Plan Choice
4.1 The Generic Competitive Strategies
4.2 The Offensive Strategies Postures
4.3 The Defensive Strategies Postures
4.4 Corporate Diversification Strategies
5. Strategies Evaluation and Selection

5.1 Evaluation Models
5.2 Growth Share Matrix (GSM)
5.3 General Electric’s Shop Light Grid
5.4 Life Cycle Analysis
5.5 Gap Analysis
5.6 Directional Policy Matrix (DPM)
5.7 Selection Models and Contexts
6. Function Strategy Formulation

6.1 Selection of Functional Areas
6.2 Formulation of Functional Objectives
6.3 Formulation of Functional Acton Plans
7. Strategy Implementation
7.1 Analyzing Strategy Change
7.2 Analyzing Organizational Structure
7.3 Analyzing Organizing Culture
7.4 Selecting an Implementation Approach
8. Strategic control
8.1 The Strategic Control Process
9. A Case Analysis Framework

9.1 Diagnosis and Record of the Current Situation
9.2 Identification and Record of the Strategic Issues and Key Problems
Recommended Books
1. Bower, Joseph L, Business Policy Text, McGraw Hill, 1995.

2. Dess, Gregory G. Lumpkin, G.T. (Tom) Eisner, Alan, Strategic Management:
Creating Competitive Advantage”, 3/e, McGraw Hill / Irwin, 2006.
3. Dess, Gregory G. Lumpkin, G.T. (Tom) Eisner, Alan, Strategic Management: Text
and Cases, 2/e, McGraw Hill / Irwin, 2005.
BBA – VII (Hons.)
Course Title : INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
Credit Hours : 03
OBJECTIVES
This course covers a number of topics both general and specific nature. The course
views the objectives and motives of multinational companies (MNCs) for operating
internationally and strategies they use to achieve global presence, special attention is
given to the following topics : theories of international trade, international v’s, domestic
trade, free trade v’s, protection, tariffs, foreign exchange, foreign direct investment
(FDI), international financial institutions, international corporate planning and
competitive strategies.
COURSE CONTENTS
1. The Challenge of International Business

1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Role of Small Business
1.3 World Business : A Brief Overview
1.4 Government and Trade Regulations
2. The Strategy of International Business
3. The Organization of International Business
4. The Multinational Enterprise

4.1 Objective
4.2 Introduction
4.3 The Nature of Multinational Enterprise
4.4 Characteristics of Multinational Enterprise
4.5 The Philosophy of Multinational Enterprise
5. Introduction and History of Globalization Forces

5.1 Trade Volume and Direction of Trade
5.2 FDI and Flow of FDI
5.3 Reasons to Enter in International Business
5.4 Ways to Enter to International Business
6. Economic Theories of International Business

6.1 Mercantcism
6.2 Theory of Absolute Advantage
6.3 Theory of Comparative Advantage
6.4 International PLC
6.5 International Investment Theories
7. International Organizations
7.1 WTO and Its Impact on Pakistan’s Export Trade
7.2 IMF
7.3 EU
7.4 Regional Grouping
7.5 SAFTA
7.6 NAFTA
8. Financial Forces Influencing International Business

8.1 Forex Valuation
8.2 Currency Exchange Control
8.3 Tariff and Duties
8.4 Taxation
8.5 Inflation
9. Physical and Environmental Forces

9.1 Location
9.2 Topography
9.3 Climate
9.4 Natural Resources
10. Socio-Cultural Forces

10.1 Culture
10.2 Components of Culture
10.3 Understanding of National Culture
11. Political Forces

11.1 Ideological Forces (Communism, Capitalism, Socialism)
11.2 Government Ownership of Business
11.3 Privatization
11.4 Government Stability
11.5 Country – Assets
Recommended Books
1. Ball Don, International Business, Wendell McCullough, (8th Edition), 2002.

2. Charles Hill W., International Business Competing in the Global Marketing. Place,
McGraw Hill, Printed in Singapore, (3rd Edition), 2002.
3. Kakoti Bork, International Trade Causes and Consequences, Macmillan
Publishers.
4. Richard Hodgetts M., International Business A Strategic Management Approach,
International Edition, McGraw Hill, 1995.
BBA – VIII (Hons.)
Course Title : PROJECT REPORT
Credit Hours : 03
Objective
The purpose of this project is to create an understanding among the students to

recognize the problem and conceive its solution before presenting the report. This
course has been placed in the last semester of fourth year with an intention that by this
time the students have gone through all the required courses of business. One of the
most important subjects relevant to project report writing is the research methods which
students have already studied in the sixth semester. Project Report consists of various
parts which are described in the contents as under:
Course Contents
1. The Format of the Report

1.1 Preliminaries
1.2 Main Text
1.3 Miscellaneous
2. Title Page
2.1 Topic / Title
2.2 Name of the Author
2.3 Name of the Report Supervisor
2.4 Name of the Institution
2.5 Submission Date of the Report
3. Acknowledgement
4. Contents of the Report
5. Executive Summary
6. Hypothesis / Hypotheses
7. Research Methodology
7.1 Research Method / Design
7.2 Research Instrument
7.3 Respondents Defined
7.4 Time, Cost and Other Limitations
8. Background of the Topic

8.1 Introduction of the Subject
8.2 Defining the Problem
8.3 Importance and Scope of the Study
8.4 Terminologies and Concept Defined
8.5 Review of Literature
9. Research Proposal and Its Approval
10. Text of the Report
11. Research Analysis

11.1 Management Aspect
11.2 Financial Aspect
11.3 Marketing Aspect
Note : Requirement for award of BBA (Honors) Degree Program
1. Business Internship : 6 – 8 Weeks
2. Comprehensive Examination : Evaluation shall be on the

basis of pass / fail. There shall be no grading or marks for
comprehensive examination.

KUBS Complete BS Four Years Program-2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

KUBS Complete BS Four Years Program-2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

KUBS Complete BS Four Years Program-2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

KARACHI UNIVESITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

Modular System for BBA (Hons) Four Years Program

ELECTIVE COURSES FROM FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION

Analysis of Financial Statements

Note : Requirement for award of BBA (Hon) Degree Program :

i) Business Internship : 6 - 8 weeks

Course Title : BUSINESS ENGLISH – I (GRAMMAR)

Course Number : BA (H) – 301

1. Orientation – Understanding Grammar

3. Nouns and Pronouns

6. Adjectives and Adverbs

8. Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

10. Punctuation Pointers

Course Title : MICROECONOMICS

Course Number : BA (H) – 311

The objective of this course is to provide basic understanding of economic principles to

2. Demand Supply and Market

3. Application of Supply and Demand

4. Demand and Consumer Behavior

5. Behavior of Profit Maximizing Firms and Production Process

7. Behavior of Perfectly Competitive Markets

8. Imperfect Competition : Monopoly, Duopoly and Oligopoly

9. Factor Markets : Land, Labor, Capital and Income Distribution

10. Labor Market

Course Title : BASIC MATHEMATICS – I

Course Number : BA (H) – 321

The Objective of this course is to provide a clear understanding of basic mathematical

The use of mathematical knowledge has become an indispensable tool in business,

Course Title : PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING

Course Number : BA (H) – 331

1. Introduction of Accounting, Accounting Concepts and Principles

2. Accounting Procedures and Systems

4. Cash Control and Financial Assets

5. Receivables and Payables

6. Fixed Assets - Tangible

Course Title : INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS

Course Number : BA (H) – 341

1. The Nature of Business

5. Human Relations Department

7. Administrative Organization of Business

1. Koontz & Fulmer, A Practical Introduction to Business, Richard D. Irwin Inc.,

Course Title : ISLAMIC STUDIES

Course Number : BA (H) – 351

2. Misconceptions about Islam

4. Women Rights and Duties

5. Relation with Non Muslims

6. Kasb- E- Halal (Lawful Earning)

7. Political System of Islam

8. Islamic Mode of Financing

9. Serat Life of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H)

10. Islamic Culture and Civilization

Course Title : ETHICAL BEHAVIOR (FOR NON–MUSLIMS)

Course Number : BA (H) – 351

1. Meaning and Scope of Ethics

2. Relation of Ethics With

3. Historical Development of Morality

5. Moral Ethics and Society

6. Moral Teachings of Major Religions

Course Title : MACROECONOMICS