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INTERNATIONAL GCSE
Physics
Paper 1

Thursday 24 May 2018 07:00 GMT Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes

Materials
For this paper you must have: For Examiner’s Use
• a ruler Question Mark
• a scientific calculator
1
• the Physics Equations Sheet (enclosed).
2
Instructions 3
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
4
• Fill in the box at the top of this page.
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided. 5
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to 6
be marked. 7
• In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.
8
Information TOTAL
• The maximum mark for this paper is 90.
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.

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0 1 Figure 1 shows a water-balloon. box

Figure 1

A child drops the water-balloon. Forces act on the water-balloon as it falls.

0 1 . 1 Draw two arrows on Figure 1 to represent the forces acting on the water-balloon.

Label one arrow weight.

Label the other arrow air resistance.

[2 marks]

0 1 . 2 When the water-balloon is dropped it accelerates.

What happens to the air resistance acting on the water-balloon as the water-balloon
accelerates?
[1 mark]

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Some quantities are scalars and some are vectors. box

0 1 . 3 Complete the sentence.

[2 marks]

Forces are vector quantities.

This means they have and .

0 1 . 4 Add one tick to each row of the table to show whether each quantity is a scalar or a
vector.
[2 marks]

Quantity Scalar Vector

Acceleration

Distance

Speed

0 1 . 5 The water-balloon weighs 4.9 N.

gravitational field strength = 9.8 N/kg

Calculate the mass of the water-balloon.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

Give the unit.

[4 marks]

Mass = Unit

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0 1 . 6 Another water-balloon weighs 6.8 N. box

Both water-balloons are the same size and shape.

The child drops both water-balloons from the same height at the same time.

Which statement is correct?

Tick one box.

[2 marks]

Both water-balloons will reach the ground at the same time.

The 4.9 N water-balloon will reach the ground first.

The 6.8 N water-balloon will reach the ground first.

Give a reason for your answer.

Reason
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Turn over for the next question box

DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE

ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

Turn over ►

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0 2 A student shone a ray of light onto a plane mirror as shown in Figure 2. box

Figure 2

0 2 . 1 Choose an answer from the box to complete the sentence.

[1 mark]

equal to greater than less than

The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is

the angle of reflection.

0 2 . 2 What is the dotted line on Figure 2 called?

[1 mark]

0 2 . 3 Which angle shown on Figure 2 is the angle of incidence?

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

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0 2 . 4 What equipment should the student have used to measure the angle of incidence? box

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

Compass

Protractor

Ruler

Set-square

0 2 . 5 Table 1 shows the student’s results.

Table 1

Angle of Incidence Angle of Reflection

in degrees in degrees
10 10
20 19
30 31
40 39
50 51

Explain one thing that the student could do to improve the results.
[2 marks]

0 2 . 6 Complete the sentence. Choose answers from the box.

[2 marks]

inverted magnified real upright virtual

The image in a plane mirror is and

8
.

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ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

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0 3 The Earth orbits a star called the Sun. box

0 3 . 1 Stars form when enough dust and gas are pulled together in space.

What force causes the dust and gas to be pulled together?

[1 mark]

0 3 . 2 Name the process that releases energy in a main sequence star.

[1 mark]

0 3 . 3 Why is a main sequence star stable?

[1 mark]

0 3 . 4 In another part of their life cycle, stars form elements such as carbon, nitrogen and
oxygen.

Which type of star forms these elements?

[1 mark]

0 3 . 5 A supernova occurs when a large star explodes.

Complete Figure 3 to show what remains after a supernova.

[2 marks]

Figure 3

Turn over ►

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Stars can be observed using telescopes on satellites orbiting the Earth. box

Figure 4 shows the period of satellites at different distances above the Earth’s
surface.

Figure 4

0 3 . 6 What distance above the Earth’s surface is used for a satellite in a geostationary
orbit?

Give a reason for your answer.

[2 marks]

Distance = metres × 106

Reason

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0 3 . 7 A weather satellite is placed in a low polar orbit. box

Explain why this orbit is used for a weather satellite.

[2 marks]

10

Turn over for the next question

Turn over ►

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0 4 A student investigated energy transfers. box

Figure 5 shows a candle underneath a chimney in a glass-fronted box.

A source of smoke was placed above a hole in the top of the box.

The smoke moves in the direction shown by the arrows.

Figure 5

0 4 . 1 Which method of energy transfer is shown by the movement of the smoke?

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

Conduction

Convection

Evaporation

Radiation

0 4 . 2 Complete the sentences to explain the method of energy transfer shown in Figure 5.

Each answer from the box can be used once, more than once or not at all.
[2 marks]

decreases increases stays the same

The temperature of the air above the candle .

The average distance between the particles .

The density of the air above the candle .

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0 4 . 3 Describe how the student could carry out an experiment to plot a cooling curve for box

stearic acid as it changes from liquid to solid.

[6 marks]

Turn over ►

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0 5 Passengers and luggage must pass through airport security before they can get on an box

aeroplane.

0 5 . 1 The luggage goes through an X-ray scanner as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6

The luggage contains some metal objects.

What happens to X-rays when they reach metal objects?

[1 mark]

0 5 . 2 Workers using the X-ray scanner have to wear a radiation badge.

Explain why.

[2 marks]

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Figure 7 shows a passenger standing in a microwave scanner. box

Figure 7

0 5 . 3 Explain why passengers are scanned with microwaves rather than X-rays.
[2 marks]

0 5 . 4 The microwaves used in the scanner have a wavelength of 16 mm.

speed of electromagnetic radiation = 3.0 × 108 m/s

Calculate the frequency of the microwaves used in the scanner.

Give your answer to two significant figures.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

[5 marks]

10
Frequency = Hz

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0 6 Figure 8 shows a geothermal power station. box

Figure 8

0 6 . 1 Explain one drawback of geothermal power.

[2 marks]

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0 6 . 2 Electricity generated by the geothermal power station is distributed to consumers. box

The distribution system includes step-up transformers, transmission cables and

step-down transformers.

Explain why the distribution system includes step-up transformers and

step-down transformers.
[4 marks]

Question 6 continues on the next page

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0 6 . 3 In the power station, steam at 100 oC is condensed to water at 100 oC and generates
6.9 MW of electrical power.

The specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2.3 MJ/kg.

The power station has an efficiency of 12%.

Calculate the mass of steam condensed each second.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

[5 marks]

Mass condensed each second = kg 11

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0 7 A kayak is a type of boat. box

Figure 9 shows a person sitting in a kayak. The person uses a paddle to make the
kayak move.

Figure 9

0 7 . 1 The centre of mass of the kayak is labelled on Figure 9.

What is meant by centre of mass?

[1 mark]

0 7 . 2 The kayak moves forwards with an initial momentum of 48 kg m/s.

The person uses the paddle for 18 s. The average resultant force on the kayak during
this time is 12 N forwards.

Calculate the final momentum of the kayak.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

[4 marks]

Final momentum = kg m/s

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0 7 . 3 The kayak now moves at a steady speed of 2.2 m/s. Do not write
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box

Calculate the time taken for the kayak to move 55 m at this speed.

[3 marks]

Time taken = s

0 7 . 4 When the person uses the paddle, the forces on the paddle create moments.

What is meant by the moment of a force?

[1 mark]

Question 7 continues on the next page

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0 7 . 5 One end of the paddle is placed in the water. The water applies a force F to the box
paddle at the position shown in Figure 10.

The person applies a force of 84 N to the paddle.

The paddle does not turn.

Figure 10

Determine F.

Use the Physics Equations Sheet.

[3 marks]

F= N

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ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED

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Table 2 shows some data about kayaks. box

The greater the stability score, the less likely the kayak is to topple over.

The greater the ease of turning score, the easier the kayak is to turn.

Table 2

Kayak Length Width Stability score Ease of turning Ratio of length

in m in m in arbitrary units in arbitrary units to width
A 1.9 0.70 84 95
B 2.3 0.60 60 82 3.8
C 2.4 0.75 88 79 3.2
D 2.5 0.65 76 76 3.8
E 3.1 0.80 90 65 3.9

0 7 . 6 Give one conclusion that can be made about the relationship between the length of a
kayak and the ease of turning.
[1 mark]

0 7 . 7 Give two conclusions that can be made about the relationship between the shape of
the kayak and its stability.
[2 marks]

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The design of a kayak affects how streamlined it is. box

0 7 . 8 What is the effect on the drag force of having a longer, narrower kayak?
[1 mark]

0 7 . 9 The ratio of length to width can be used as a measure of how streamlined a kayak is.

Determine the ratio of length to width for kayak A.

[1 mark]

Ratio of length to width =

0 7 . 10 Suggest which kayak A, B, C, D or E can move fastest.

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

E
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0 8 A teacher carried out a demonstration using a radiation detector and count rate meter. box
The teacher first measured the count rate from background radiation several times.

0 8 . 1 Which of the following is a man-made source of background radiation?

Tick one box.

[1 mark]

Cosmic rays

Nuclear weapons tests

Radon gas

Uranium from rocks

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The teacher then put the radiation detector close to a radioactive source as shown in box
Figure 11.

Figure 11

0 8 . 2 The teacher recorded the count rate.

Describe how the teacher should determine the count rate from the
radioactive source.
[2 marks]

Question 8 continues on the next page

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0 8 . 3 The teacher made measurements and plotted a graph to show how the count rate box
from the radioactive source changed over time.

The graph is shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12

Determine the expected count rate from the radioactive source after 10 minutes.
[4 marks]

Count rate after 10 minutes = counts per second

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0 8 . 4 The teacher carried out the demonstration with two radioactive sources, A and B. Do not write
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Figure 13 shows the results. box

Figure 13

Explain how the stability of the nuclei in Source A compares with the stability of
the nuclei in Source B.
[2 marks]

0 8 . 5 The teacher measured the count rate from background radiation again.

Explain how the teacher could use the measurements of count rate from background
radiation to check that the radioactive sources had not contaminated the
surroundings.
[2 marks]

11

END OF QUESTIONS

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