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Pearson Edexcel
International GCSE

Chemistry
Unit: 4CH0
Paper: 2CR

Tuesday 9 June 2015 – Afternoon Paper Reference

Time: 1 hour 4CH0/2CR

You must have: Total Marks
Ruler, calculator

Instructions
t Use black ink or ball-point pen.
t Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name,
centre number and candidate number.
t Answer all questions.
t Answer the questions in the spaces provided
– there may be more space than you need.
t Some
Show all the steps in any calculations and state the units.
t your mind
questions must be answered with a cross in a box
about an answer, put a line through the box
. If you change
and then mark
your new answer with a cross .

Information
t The
The total mark for this paper is 60.
t – usemarks for each question are shown in brackets
this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question.

Advice
t Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
t Write anyoureyeanswers
Keep on the time.
t Try to answer everyneatly and in good English.
t Check your answersquestion.
t if you have time at the end.
Turn over

P44270A
©2015 Pearson Education Ltd.
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1/1/1/1/1/
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*P44270A0220*
 BLANK PAGE

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*P44270A0320* Turn over
 Answer ALL questions.

1 An atom of an element has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12.

(a) Using this information, complete the table to show the numbers of protons,
neutrons and electrons in one atom of this element.
(2)

number of protons

number of neutrons

number of electrons

(b) The Periodic Table shows the positions of five elements, J, Q, T, X and Z.
The letters do not represent the symbols for the elements.

Period 1 2 Group 3 4 5 6 7 0
1
2 J Q
3 T
4 X Z
5
6

(i) How many electrons are there in the outer shell of an atom of X?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) There are 31 protons in an atom of X.

Using this information, explain how many protons there are in an atom of Z.
(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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4
*P44270A0420*
 (iii) What is the electronic configuration of an atom of Q?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv) State one similarity and one difference between the electronic configurations
of atoms of J and T.
(2)

similarity .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...................................... ....................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

difference .................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................ ..................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)

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*P44270A0520* Turn over
2 Ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
(a) (i) The molecular formula of ethene is
(1)
A CH4
B C 2H 6
C C2H4
D C 3H 6

(ii) Ethene is bubbled into bromine water until there is no further change.
What is the appearance of the solution formed?
(1)
A brown
B colourless
C purple
D red

(iii) Ethene can be formed from ethanol.

This type of reaction is called
(1)
A dehydration
B oxidation
C reduction
D substitution

6
*P44270A0620*
 (b) This apparatus can be used to decompose decane (C10H22).

gas mixture
containing ethene
porous pot

ceramic wool
soaked in decane

heat heat water

(i) What name is given to this type of thermal decomposition?

(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) Porous pot contains oxides such as silica and alumina.

What is the purpose of the porous pot in this experiment?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(iii) Suggest why the gas collected is a mixture and not pure ethene.
(1)

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(Total for Question 2 = 6 marks)

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*P44270A0720* Turn over
3 Magnesium reacts with oxygen in the air to form magnesium oxide.
2Mg(s) + O2(g) ĺ 2MgO(s)
The apparatus in the diagram can be used to investigate the decrease in the volume of gas
when magnesium burns in air.
stopper

magnesium
ribbon air
bell jar
basin

water

The stopper is removed and the magnesium is lit. The stopper is then quickly replaced.
After the flame goes out there is some magnesium left in the basin.
After the apparatus has cooled to its original temperature, the water level in the bell jar
is higher than shown in the diagram.

(a) What is the colour of the flame produced when the magnesium burns?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) What is the colour of the solid produced when the magnesium burns?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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*P44270A0820*
(c) The volume of air in the bell jar at the start of the experiment is 1000 cm3.
Calculate the volume of gas you would expect to remain in the bell jar at the end
of the experiment. Assume all the oxygen in the air is used up.
(2)

volume of gas remaining = ...................................... . . . . . . . . . . cm3

(d) In another experiment, the mass of magnesium that burned was 0.12 g.
Calculate the maximum mass of magnesium oxide that could be formed
in this experiment.
(2)

mass of magnesium oxide formed = ................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g

(Total for Question 3 = 6 marks)

9
*P44270A0920* Turn over
4 This apparatus is used to electrolyse a concentrated solution of sodium chloride.

hydrogen chlorine

concentrated solution
of sodium chloride

negative electrode positive electrode

– +
power
supply

(a) The ionic half-equations for the reactions at the electrodes are
negative electrode 2H2O(l) + 2e− ĺ 2OH−(aq) + H2(g)
positive electrode 2Cl−(aq) ĺ Cl2(g) + 2e−
(i) State how these ionic half-equations show that equal volumes of the two gases
should be collected.
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(ii) Suggest why the volume of chlorine collected is less than expected.
(1)

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10
*P44270A01020*
 (iii) A sample of the solution near to the negative electrode is tested with
phenolphthalein indicator.
Explain why the phenolphthalein turns pink.
(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) The table shows two methods of testing for chlorine.

Complete the table by giving the observation made in each test.
(2)
Test Observation

add damp blue litmus paper

bubble chlorine into a solution

of potassium iodide

(c) (i) State why chlorine is sometimes added to water supplies.

(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(ii) Chlorine is used to manufacture hydrogen chloride gas, HCl(g).

Write a chemical equation to show the formation of hydrogen chloride from
hydrogen and chlorine.
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) How is hydrogen chloride gas converted into hydrochloric acid?

(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(Total for Question 4 = 9 marks)

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*P44270A01120* Turn over
5 A teacher investigates the temperature changes that occur when sodium hydroxide solution
is added to dilute hydrochloric acid.
This is the method she uses.
t place some of the acid in a glass beaker and measure its temperature
t add a known volume of sodium hydroxide solution
t stir the mixture and record the highest temperature reached
t repeat the experiment with different volumes of sodium hydroxide solution

(a) State two factors that the teacher must keep constant to make this
a valid investigation (a fair test).
(2)

1 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ ............................................................................................................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) Explain how the use of a polystyrene cup, in place of a glass beaker, will affect the
accuracy of the results.
(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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12
*P44270A01220*
 (c) (i) The diagram shows the thermometer readings for one of the experiments.

20
40

15
35

10
30

initial temperature final temperature

Record the temperatures and calculate the temperature change.

(3)

final temperature of mixture .......................................................................... qC

initial temperature of acid .......................................................................... qC

temperature change .......................................................................... qC

(ii) State how the temperature change shows whether the reaction between
sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is exothermic or endothermic.
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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13
*P44270A01320* Turn over
 (d) The graph shows the result of the teacher’s investigation.

40

35

30

25
temperature
change in °C
20

15

10

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
volume in cm3 of sodium hydroxide

Explain the shape of the graph.

(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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(Total for Question 5 = 10 marks)

14
*P44270A01420*
6 This question is about the reactions of compounds of antimony and phosphorus.
(a) Antimony (Sb) can be obtained from its oxide (Sb2O4) by heating it with carbon.
The equation for this reaction is

Sb2O4(s) + 4C(s) ĺ 2Sb(s) + 4CO(g)

(i) Give the name of the gas produced in this reaction.
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(ii) State why this gas is poisonous to humans.

(1)

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(b) Phosphorus sulfide (P4S3) is one of the reactants used in match heads.
When a match is struck, energy is transferred to the reactants in the match head,
starting a reaction.
(i) Balance the equation that represents this reaction.
(2)

6KClO3(s) + ................ S(s) + ................ P4S3(s) ĺ ................ KCl(s) + ................ SO2(g) + ................ P4O10(s)

(ii) What term is used to describe the energy required to start a reaction?
(1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... ............................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 6 = 5 marks)

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*P44270A01520* Turn over
7 Bromine and iodine are halogens.
(a) Complete the table by giving the colour and physical state of each of these halogens
at room temperature.
(2)

Halogen Colour Physical state

bromine red-brown

iodine solid

(b) Bromine reacts with phosphorus to form the covalent compound phosphorus tribromide.
Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the outer electrons in a molecule of
phosphorus tribromide.
(2)

Br P Br

Br

(c) Phosphorus tribromide reacts with water to form a mixture of two acids, HBr and H3PO3
Write a chemical equation for this reaction.
(2)

. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........................................................................................................................................... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 7 = 6 marks)

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 BLANK PAGE

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8 Nickel is an important metal.
(a) Three of the stages in the extraction of nickel from its ore are
stage 1 nickel(II) oxide is reduced by heating with H2 to produce impure nickel
NiO(s) + H2(g) ĺ Ni(s) + H2O(g)
stage 2 the impure nickel is reacted with CO
Ni(s) + 4CO(g) U Ni(CO)4(g)
stage 3 Ni(CO)4 is decomposed by heating to produce pure nickel
Ni(CO)4(g) ĺ Ni(s) + 4CO(g)

(i) State why the reaction in stage 1 is described as reduction.

(1)

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(ii) Suggest why a low temperature produces a high yield of Ni(CO)4 in stage 2.
(2)

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 (b) Nickel has a melting point of 1455qC and is a good conductor of electricity.
(i) Draw a labelled diagram to show the arrangement of the particles in nickel.
(3)

(ii) Explain, in terms of its structure, why nickel is malleable and is a good
conductor of electricity.
(4)

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. . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............ ............................................................................................................................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(Total for Question 8 = 10 marks)

TOTAL FOR PAPER = 60 MARKS

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Pearson Education Ltd. will, if notified, be happy to rectify any errors or omissions and include any such rectifications in
future editions.

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