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    Section 2 Acids and Alkalis

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    maahaesh
    Acids dissolve in water to form solutions and can be classified as acid, alkali, or neutral. Acids have a sour taste and are corrosive, and react with metals and carbonates to form salts and gases. Common acids include citric acid in lemons and ethanoic acid in vinegar. Alkalis feel soapy and are corrosive, forming when metal oxides dissolve in water. They react with acids to neutralize them. Indicators change color in acids and alkalis, showing whether a solution is acidic, alkaline, or neutral.

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    Section 2 Acids and Alkalis

    Uploaded by

    maahaesh
    67 views17 pages
    Acids dissolve in water to form solutions and can be classified as acid, alkali, or neutral. Acids have a sour taste and are corrosive, and react with metals and carbonates to form salts and gases. Common acids include citric acid in lemons and ethanoic acid in vinegar. Alkalis feel soapy and are corrosive, forming when metal oxides dissolve in water. They react with acids to neutralize them. Indicators change color in acids and alkalis, showing whether a solution is acidic, alkaline, or neutral.

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    Acids dissolve in water to form solutions and can be classified as acid, alkali, or neutral. Acids have a sour taste and are corrosive, and react with metals and carbonates to form salts and gases. Common acids include citric acid in lemons and ethanoic acid in vinegar. Alkalis feel soapy and are corrosive, forming when metal oxides dissolve in water. They react with acids to neutralize them. Indicators change color in acids and alkalis, showing whether a solution is acidic, alkaline, or neutral.

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    67 views17 pages

    Section 2 Acids and Alkalis

    Uploaded by

    maahaesh
    Acids dissolve in water to form solutions and can be classified as acid, alkali, or neutral. Acids have a sour taste and are corrosive, and react with metals and carbonates to form salts and gases. Common acids include citric acid in lemons and ethanoic acid in vinegar. Alkalis feel soapy and are corrosive, forming when metal oxides dissolve in water. They react with acids to neutralize them. Indicators change color in acids and alkalis, showing whether a solution is acidic, alkaline, or neutral.

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    You are on page 1of 17

    When a substance dissolves in water it

    makes a solution.

    Solutions can be sorted by whether


    they are: acid, alkali or neutral.
    When the oxide
    of some non-metals
    dissolve in water
    they make an acid.

    Acids have a sour taste.


    They are corrosive.
    Metal + Acid Salt + Hydrogen
    magnesium + magnesium chloride +
    hydrochloric acid hydrogen

    Acid + Carbonate Salt + Water + Carbon


    dioxide
    sulphuric acid + copper sulphate + water +
    copper carbonate carbon dioxide
    There are many acids
    present in our
    everyday lives.

    Lemon juice contains citric acid, and vinegar


    contains ethanoic acid.
    Some strong acids are hydrochloric acid,
    sulphuric acid and nitric acid.
    Some weak acids are ethanoic acid, citric acid
    and carbonic acid.
     Acids and alkalis react with each other. The
    alkali cancels out the acid in the reaction.
    This is called neutralisation.

    A salt is made.
     During neutralisation, the particles are
    rearranged to form new products
     If you know the chemical formulae of the
    reactant and product, you can write the
    balanced equations
     Antacids are very helpful in neutralisation of
    the stomach.
     Calcium carbonate helps raise the
    pH of acidic soils
    • Insect Stings

     Bee stings are acidic and can be neutralised with


    baking soda (bicarbonate of soda).
     Wasp stings are alkaline and can be neutralised
    with vinegar.
     The salt made depends on the acid and alkali
    used.
     The salt contains the metal atom from the
    alkali, and part of the acid molecule.

    The salts of sulphuric acid are known as sulphates.


    The salts of hydrochloric acid are known as
    chlorides.
    The salts of nitric acid are known as nitrates.
    Many everyday substances are
    alkalis.
    They feel soapy.
    They are corrosive.
    When the oxides of some
    metals dissolve in water they
    make an alkali solution.

    Alkalis react with acids and


    neutralise them.
    Alkalis are present in many
    cleaning substances in use in our
    homes.
    Kitchen cleaners are alkaline
    because they contain ammonia or
    sodium hydroxide, which attack
    grease.
    Calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are
    strong alkalis.
    The most recognisable and common weak alkali is
    ammonia.
    Indicators
    help you find
    out whether a
    solution is
    acidic or not.

    They change colour in acid or alkaline solutions.

    Different indicators change to different colours.


     Litmus is an indicator. It changes colour in
    acid and alkaline solutions.
     Litmus is red in an acid.
     Litmus is blue in an alkali.
     Universal indicator changes colour in acids
    and alkalis.

    Neutral
    ACIDS ALKALIS

    Its colour shows the strength of an acid or alkali.


    1–6 8 - 14
    7
    Acids Alkalis
    Neutral

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