SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION (Chapter 2)

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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION CONCEPTS: Astronomy

Johannes Gutenberg Medieval Revolutionary


Astronomy Astronomy
- Innovated block printing Geocentric – earth Heliocentric – sun
- Led to sources of scientific is the center of the is the center
information to be more accessible universe
- Stoked the curiosity of the masses
about the scientific phenomena of Earth is believed to Proposed by
nature be the supreme Copernicus and
- Paved the way for the Scientific amongst heavenly was supported by
Revolution bodies Kepler and Galileo

Scientific Revolution Proposed by


Ptolemy and
- Thinking about nature in Aristotle
revolutionary ways (logic and Supported by the Criticized by
philosophy rather than mysticism church society and church
and an almighty being) due to the loss of
- Intellectual movement superiority of the
- Transformed the view of society Earth
about nature Cannot explain Proved phenomena
- Revived the study of nature (16th behaviors of the through a series of
Century) heavenly bodies experiments and
observations
CONCEPTS: Anatomy

Medieval Revolutionary
Anatomy Anatomy
Galen (person) Andreas Vesalius
Arteries carry Highlights
bloods importance of
anatomy in
medicine
Required Debunked the
equilibrium theories that have
between: the premise of the CONCEPTS: Physics
- Blood four fluids
Medieval Physics Revolutionary
- Black bile
Physics
- Yellow bile Illnesses were
Aristotle Galileo
- Phlegm more defined as
Force hast to be in Free-fall
malfunction of
continuous contact experiment
Illness meant an organs
with an object for it (premise for
imbalance
to move Gravity)
Restricted to Humans do not
Heavenly bodies Isaac Newton
animals – mainly share the same
had different
apes anatomy with apes
principles of motion
Heavier objects fall Laws of motion
faster than light Law of Gravity
objects
CONCEPTS: Biology CONCEPTS: Mathematics
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - Francois Viete
o Microscope o Initiated the use of letters
o Animalcules (x,y) to represent the
 Premise to the cells unknown
we know today

- Rene Descartes
o Geometry (astronomy)
o Cartesian Plane
- Marcello Malpighi
o Founder of microscopical
anatomy and biological
microscopy
o Engraved an image of the
cardiovascular system of a
frog
- John Wallis
o Differential Calculus >:(
o Study of Optics

- William Harvey
o Introduced the first known
understanding of blood
circulation in humans
CONCEPTS: Physical Sciences
- Robert Boyle
o Father of Chemistry
o Boyle’s Law (Pressure-
Volume Relationship)
o Corpuscularian Theory of
Matter

- Christian Huygens
o Wave Theory of Light
 Light travels as a
wave
o Elastic Collision Theory
 Momentum and
Kinetic Energy is
conserved
- Evangelista Torricelli
o Invention of Barometer
 Instrument to
- Antoine Lavoisier measure air pressure
o Father of Modern Chemistry - Benjamin Franklin
o Experiments proving the o Static electricity
conservation of mass in
chemical reactions
o Oxygen Theory of
Combustion
 Oxygen plays a major
role in combustion

- Michael Faraday
o Magnetism produces
electricity
 Electromagnetic
induction

- John Dalton
o Atomic Theory
 Matter is composed
of particles called
atoms
o Dalton’s Law of Partial
Pressures
- Hans Christian Oersted
o Electricity produces
magnetism
 Oersted’s Law

- Luigi Galvani
o Electrical nature of nerve
impulses
 Discovered through
passing an electric
shock through the
legs of a dead frog
and was observed to
twitch
o Bioelectromagnetics

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