A Poison Tree: Analysis

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A POISON TREE

I was angry with my friend;


I told my wrath; my wrath did end.
I was angry with my foe:
I told it not, my wrath did grow.

And I waterd it in fears,


Night & morning with my tears:
And I sunned it with smiles,
And with soft deceitful wiles.

And it grew both day and night.


Till it bore an apple bright.
And my foe beheld it shine,
And he knew that it was mine.

And into my garden stole,


When the night had veild the pole;
In the morning glad I see;
My foe outstretched beneath the tree.

ANALYSIS
This meditation on the nature of wrath offers two ways of dealing with on an
offence. When the speaker is angry with his friend, he told the friend of it and his
“wrath did end.” However, when he was angry with his enemy, he kept the anger
hidden, allowing it to grow. His wrath, which is watered “in fears” and sunned
‘with smiles, And with soft deceitful wiles,” grows into the poison tree of the title.
The tree bears “an apple bright” that the speaker’s enemy desires; the greedy
enemy takes the fruit, even though he knows it belongs to the speaker, and eats it.
The next morning the speaker is glad to see his “foe outstretch’d beneath the tree.”
"The Poison Tree" consists of four sets of rhyming couplets. Each stanza continues
into the next, giving the poem a hurried, almost furtive tone that matches the
secretive deeds done in darkness of the poem's content.
The obvious moral of this poem is that hidden wrath becomes more dangerous
behind the deceit that hides it from its object. Possibly, the “Friend” mentioned in
the first stanza is a friend simply because the speaker respects him enough to voice
his anger face to face, whereas the “enemy” may be a potential friend who remains
an enemy because the speaker keeps his wrath secret and nurtures it. There is a
touch of irony, however, in that the poem ends with the speaker’s gladness over his
foe’s death by poison. No final line refutes the secret nurturing of wrath, and in
fact, the poem may be read as a guide for taking vengeance upon one’s enemies.
Some critics suggest that the apple symbolizes Blake’s creative work, which
another of his contemporaries may have stolen and used as his own. If so, it
appears the theft of Blake’s intellectual property ended badly for the thief (or at
least Blake hopes it will).

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