The Preface

In the name (of) Allah, The Most Gracious, The Most Merciful. Prise and
thank to Allah the almaighty and the powerful essence who have given us mercy and
bleasing till we can finish this peaper for submitting the assigment of Academic
Discussion subject entitled “Social Media Usage”.

The writer also wish to express his deep and sincere gratitude for those who
have guided in completing this paper. I would like to say thank you to Mr.
Muhammad Zamroni S.S., M.Hum as the lecturer that always teaches us and give
much knowledge.I would like to say thank to all of my friends for their help.

Finally, I realize that this paper is so far from being outstanding. Therefore, I
invite you as the readers to give comments and suggestions from those who are
deeply concerned in such topic. However, I expect that this paper will give
worthwhile contributions to all readers

Probolinggo, 18th of october 2017

author

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 Table of Conten

THE PREFACE PAGE 1

TABLE OF CONTEN PAGE 2

CHAPTER 1 PREFACE PAGE 3

1.1. Background of studies PAGE 3

1.2. Problem of the studies PAGE 4

1.3. Purpose of the paper PAGE 4

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION PAGE 5

1. Social media definition PAGE 5

2. History of Social media PAGE 7
3. Social media characteristics PAGE 9
4. Social media classification PAGE 9
5. Social media usage PAGE 11
6. Advantages and disadvantages of social media PAGE 12
7. How to use sosial media wisely PAGE 15

CHAPTER III CONCLUSION PAGE 18

BIBLIOGRAPHY PAGE 19

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 Chapter I
Introduction

1.1. Background of studies

The development of information technology increasingly affect human life.

Along its development, the people of Indonesia began to recognize the internet,
television, radio and others. One of them is the Internet which is a form of integration
between the flow of communication with the development of technology. One of the
most popular web-based services is social networking sites. Indonesia became a
country in Asia which experienced the second rapid growth after Malaysia in
accessing one social network (facebook). The increasing number of social network
users in Indonesia is due to the increasingly complete internet access facility by
mobile phone producers and communications service providers. Television is an
electronic mass media most in demand by the public and most have a great influence
on the knowledge, motivation, and attitudes and behavior of spectators. Not looking
at age, gender, position, and so forth. Compared to other communications media,
television can exert a stronger influence than radio and newspapers. This happens
because of the power of audio visual television that touches the psychological aspects
of viewers.
` The pattern of social media use by adolescents can be influenced by the
family, the environment, and the individual characteristics of adolescents. The family
is the first and foremost environment that gives much influence to various aspects of
children's social development. Teenagers or children who have middle to upper
economic background can easily access other social networks or media using Mobile
or internet facility at home or internet café.
Establishing close and harmonious relationships with peers is very important in
adolescence. Peer influence on attitudes, speech, interests, appearance, and behavior
is greater than the influence of the family.

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  Similarly with social media, one example in the can from a social network
obtained by teenagers through peers can affect the pattern of use of social networking
by adolescents. Lots of interesting features in social networking / social media make
them tend to be lazy and addicted .. these circumstances make them a lot of wasted
time and disturbed activity, such as school, studying, eating, sleeping, socializing
with the environment and helping parents. Because the child is too tired with the fun
in the network / social media. In addition to negative impacts, media / social
networking also has benefits that can be perceived by users.
1.2. Problem of The Study
1) What is social media?
2) Sosial media develophment
3) Characteristic of social media
4) Classification of social media
5) Benefit of social media
6) Negative effects of social media
7) How to use sosial media wisely
1.3. Purpose of The Paper
1) Inform the readers about what social media is.
2) Inform the readers about the sosial media develophment
3) Inform the readers about the characteristic of social media
4) Inform the readers about the classification of social media
5) Inform the readers about the Benefit of social media
6) Inform the readers about the Negative effects of social media
7) Inform the readers how to use sosial media wisely

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 Chapter II
Discussion
1. Social media definition
Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation
and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via
virtual communities and networks. The variety of stand-alone and built-in social
media services currently available introduces challenges of definition; however, there
are some common features :

1. Social media are interactive Web 2.0 Internet-based applications.

2. User-generated content, such as text posts or comments, digital photos or
videos, and data generated through all online interactions, are the lifeblood of
social media.
3. Users create service-specific profiles for the website or app that are designed
and maintained by the social media organization.
4. Social media facilitate the development of online social networks by
connecting a user's profile with those of other individuals or groups.

Users typically access social media services via web-based technologies on

desktop computers, and laptops, or download services that offer social media
functionality to their mobile devices (e.g., smartphones and tablet computers). When
engaging with these services, users can create highly interactive platforms through
which individuals, communities and organizations can share, co-create, discuss, and
modify user-generated content or pre-made content posted online. They introduce
substantial and pervasive changes to communication between businesses,
organizations, communities and individuals.Social media changes the way individuals
and large organizations communicate. These changes are the focus of the emerging
field of technoself studies. Social media differ from paper-based media (e.g.,
magazines and newspapers) or traditional electronic media such as TV broadcasting

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in many ways, including quality, reach, frequency, interactivity, usability,
immediacy, and permanence. Social media operate in a dialogic transmission system
(many sources to many receivers). This is in contrast to traditional media which
operates under a monologic transmission model (one source to many receivers), such
as a paper newspaper which is delivered to many subscribers or a radio station which
broadcasts the same programs to an entire city. Some of the most popular social
media websites are Baidu Tieba, Facebook (and its associated Facebook Messenger),
Gab, Google+, Instagram, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Reddit, Snapchat, Tumblr, Twitter,
Viber, VK, WeChat, Weibo, WhatsApp, Wikia, and YouTube. These social media
websites have more than 100,000,000 registered users.

In 2016, Merriam-Webster defined social media as "Forms of electronic

communication (such as Web sites) through which people create online communities
to share information, ideas, personal messages, etc.

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Classification of social media and overview of how important different types of social
media (e.g. blogs) are for each of a company's operational functions (e.g. marketing)

The term social media is usually used to describe social networking sites such as:

1. Facebook – an online social networking site that allows users to create their
personal profiles, share photos and videos, and communicate with other users
2. Twitter – an internet service that allows users to post "tweets" for their
followers to see updates in real-time
3. LinkedIn – a networking website for the business community that allows
users to create professional profiles, post resumes, and communicate with
other professionals and job-seekers.
4. Pinterest – an online community that allows users to display photos of items
found on the web by "pinning" them and sharing ideas with others.
5. Snapchat – an app for mobile devices that allows users to send and share
photos of themselves doing their daily activities.

Social media technologies take many different forms including blogs,

business networks, enterprise social networks, forums, microblogs, photo sharing,
products/services review, social bookmarking, social gaming, social networks, video
sharing, and virtual worlds. The development of social media started off with simple
platforms such as sixdegrees.com. Unlike instant messaging clients such as ICQ and
AOL's AIM, or chat clients like IRC, iChat or Chat Television, sixdegrees.com was
the first online business that was created for real people, using their real names.
However, the first social networks were short-lived because their users lost interest.
The Social Network Revolution has led to the rise of the networking sites. Research
shows that the audience spends 22 percent of their time on social networking sites,
thus proving how popular social media platforms have become. This increase is
because of the smart phones that are now in the daily lives of most humans.

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 2. History of Social Media

How old is social media? If you guessed somewhere around the 2000 mark you’d
be very wrong. The first instance of what we now call social media was the
Computerised Bulletin Board System created in 1978.

This informative infographic gives you a short, but thorough, history of social
media right from its roots in 1978 through to today. Beyond telling you when a
particular social media service was created, (Blogger in August of 1999, for instance),
it also gives you other relevant pieces of historical information.

For instance, it includes the 2009 hype surrounding Facebook’s decision to

change its terms of service in respect of user generated content. This move has
probably stuck in the minds of most as the “Facebook can sell your pictures” incident.

The infographic was created by the global law firm Morrison and Foerster. The
company’s interest in social media arises from its lawyers “seeing complex, cutting-
edge legal issues arising out of social media”.

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Source: https://visual.ly/community/infographic/social-media/short-history-social-
media

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 3. Social media characteristic

1. Web space
The website should provide the users free web space to upload content.

2. Web address
 The users are given a unique web address that becomes their web identity.
They can post and share all their content on this web address.

3. Build profiles
Users are is asked to enter personal details like name, address, date of
birth, school/college education, professional details etc. The site then
mines the personal data to connect individuals.

4. Connect with friends

 Users are encouraged to post personal and professional updates about
themselves. The site then becomes a platform to connect friends and
relatives.

5. Upload content in real time

 Users are provided the tools to post content in real time. This content can
be text, images, audio, video or even symbolic likes and dislikes.The last
post comes first, giving the site freshness.

6. Enable conversations
 Members are given the rights to comment on posts made by friends and
relatives. The conversations are a great social connect.

7. Posts have time stamp

 All posts are time stamped, making it easy to follow posts.

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 4. Social media classsification

This section provides an overview of social media platforms classified by purpose

and function.

1. Social Networking
Definition: Using websites and applications to communicate informally with
others, find people, and share similar interests

 Allows users to directly connect with one another through groups, networks,
and location Examples: Facebook, Google+, and LinkedIn

2. Microblogging
Definition: Posting of very short entries or updates on a social networking site

 Allows users to subscribe to other users' content, send direct messages, and
reply publicly
 Allows users to create and share hashtags to share content about related
subjects
Examples: Twitter and Tumblr

Additional tool for managing microblogging: TweetDeck

 Tweetdeck downloadable desktop application made exclusively for Twitter,

allows for the organization of tweets through "customizable columns, multiple
accounts toggling, scheduling, and automatically refreshing feeds".
TweetDeck relies on column-based interface that allows all social media
profiles to be viewed in one window. This beginner's guide to TweetDeck
detials how to set-up and customize TweetDeck features to your agency's
needs.

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 3. Blogging (Using Publishing Websites)
Definition: Recording opinions, stories, articles, and links to other websites
on a personal website
Examples: Wordpress and Blogger

4. Photo Sharing

Definition: Publishing a user's digital photos, enabling the user to share photos
with others either publicly or privately

Examples: Instagram, Flickr, Snapchat and Pinterest

5. VideoSharing
Definition: Publishing a user's digital photos, enabling the user to share photos
with others either publicly or privately

 Allows users to embed media in a blog or Facebook post, or link media to

a tweet

Examples: YouTube, Vimeo, and Periscope

6. Crowdsourcing
Definition: Obtaining needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting
contributions from a large group of people, particularly those from the online
community

Examples: Ushahidi, Inc.

For more information on crowdsourcing, view the Digital Humanitarians TED

Talk on the use of time-critical crowdsourcing to verify social media for

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 disaster response.To view the FEMA mobile application called "Disaster
Reporter," which includes a crowdsourcing component, click here.

7. Tools for Managing Multiple Social Media Platforms

Definition: An aggregator is a tool tht can be used to "aggregate social media
site feeds in one spot, allowing users to search by keywords."

Examples: Hootsuite

HootSuite supports social network integrations for Twitter, Facebook,

LinkedIn, Google+, WordPress, and more. It has a browser-based interface
that allows social media profiles to be viewed in tabs, rather than all in one
window. It has the ability to filter messages, schedule posts, and manage
messages through multiple platforms, as well as provide custom analytics.

5. Social media usage

According to the article "The Emerging Role of Social Media in Political and
Regime Change" by Rita Safranek, the Middle East and North Africa region has one
of the most youthful populations in the world, with people under 25 making up
between 35–45% of the population in each country. They make up the majority of
social media users, including about 17 million Facebook users, 25,000 Twitter
accounts and 40,000 active blogs, according to the Arab Advisors Group.

Most popular services

This is a list of the leading social networks based on number of active user
accounts as of August 2017.

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  Facebook: 2,047,000,000 users
 YouTube: 1,500,000,000 users
 WhatsApp: 1,200,000,000 users
 Facebook Messenger: 1,200,000,000 users
 WeChat: 938,000,000 users
 QQ: 861,000,000 users
 Instagram: 700,000,000 users
 QZone: 638,000,000 users
 Tumblr: 357,000,000 users
 Twitter: 328,000,000 users
 Sina Weibo: 313,000,000 users
 Baidu Tieba: 300,000,000 users
 Skype: 300,000,000 users
 Viber: 260,000,000 users
 Snapchat: 255,000,000 users
 Line: 214,000,000 users
 Pinterest 175,000,000 users

6. Advantages and disadvantages of social media

10 Disadvantages of Social Media for the Society

1:- Cyberbullying – According to a report published by PewCenter.org most of the

children have become victims of the cyberbulling over the past. Since anyone can
create a fake account and do anything without being traced, it has become quite easy
for anyone to bully on the Internet. Threats, intimidation messages and rumors can be
sent to the masses to create discomfort and chaos in the society. Check out the 6
cyberbullying stories that turned into suicide stories.

2: – Hacking – Personal data and Hacking can easily be hacked and shared on the
Internet. Which can make financial losses and loss to personal life. Similarly, identity

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theft is another issue that can give financial losses to anyone by hacking their
personal accounts. Several personal twitter and Facebook accounts have been hacked
in the past and the hacker had posted materials that have affected the individuals
personal lives.  This is one of the dangerous disadvantages of the social media and
every user is advised to keep their personal data and accounts safe to avoid such
accidents.

3:- Addiction – The addictive part of the social media is very bad and can disturb
personal lives as well. The teenagers are the most affected by the addiction of the
social media. They get involved very extensively and are eventually cut off from the
society. It can also waste individual time that could have been utilized by productive
tasks and activities.

4:- Fraud and Scams – Several examples are available where individuals have
scammed and commit fraud through the social media. For example, this list contains
the 5 social media scams that are done all the time.

5:- Security Issues – Now a day’s security agencies have access to people personal
accounts. Which makes the privacy almost compromised. You never know when you
are visited by any investigation officer regarding any issue that you mistakenly or
unknowingly discussed over the internet.

6:- Reputation – Social media can easily ruin someone’s reputation just by creating a
false story and spreading across the social media. Similarly businesses can also suffer
losses due to bad reputation being conveyed over the social media.

7:- Cheating and Relationship Issues – Most of the people have used the social
media platform to propose and marry each other. However, after some time they turn
to be wrong in their decision and part ways. Similarly, couples have cheated each
other by showing the fake feelings and incorrect information.

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8:- Health Issues – The excess usage of social media can also have a negative impact
on the health. Since exercise is the key to lose weight, most of the people get lazy
because of the excessive use of social networking sites. Which in result brings
disorder in the routine life. This research by discovery will shock you by showing
how bad your health can be affected by the use of the social media.

9:- Social Media causes death – Not just by using it, but by following the stunts and
other crazy stuffs that are shared on the internet. For example bikers doing the
unnecessary stunts, people doing the jump over the trains and other life threatening
stuffs. For example in this video 14 year old from Mumbai was doing stunts on a
running train which caused his death. These types of stunts are performed by the
teenagers because of the successful stunts made and shared over the social media.

10:- Glamorizes Drugs and Alcohol – One of the disadvantages of the social media
is that people start to follow others who are wealthy or drug addicted and share their
views and videos on the web. Which eventually inspires others to follow the same
and get addicted to the drugs and alcohol.

10 Advantages of Social Media for the Society

1:- Connectivity – The first and main advantage of the social media is connectivity.
People from anywhere can connect with anyone. Regardless of the location and
religion. The beauty of social media is that you can connect with anyone to learn and
share your thoughts.

2:- Education – Social media has a lot of benefits for the students and teachers. It is
very easy to educate from others who are experts and professionals via the social
media. You can follow anyone to learn from him/her and enhance your knowledge
about any field. Regardless of your location and education background you can
educate yourself, without paying for it.

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3:- Help – You can share your issues with the community to get help and giddiness.
Whether it is helping in term of money or in term of advice, you can get it from the
community you are connected with.

4:- Information and Updates – The main advantage of the social media is that you
update yourself from the latest happenings around in the world. Most of the time,
Television and print media these days are biased and does not convey the true
message. With the help of social media you can get the facts and true information by
doing some research.

5:- Promotion – Whether you have an offline business or online, you can promote
your business to the largest audience. The whole world is open for you, and can
promote to them. This makes the businesses profitable and less expensive, because
most of the expenses made over a business are for advertising and promotion. This
can be decreased by constantly and regularly involving on the social media to connect
with the right audience.

6:- Noble Cause – Social media can also be used for the noble causes. For example,
to promote an NGO, social welfare activities and donations for the needy people.
People are using social media for donation for needy people and it can be a quick way
to help such people.

7:- Awareness – Social media also create awareness and innovate the way people
live. It is the social media which has helped people discover new and innovative
stuffs that can enhance personal lives. From farmers to teachers, students to lawyers
every individual of the society can benefit from the social media and its awareness
factor.

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8:- Helps Govt and Agencies Fight Crime- It is also one of the advantages of the
social media that it helps Governments and Security Agencies to spy and catch
criminals to fight crime.

9:- Improves Business Reputation – Just like it can ruin any business reputation, It
can also improve business sales and reputation. Positive comments and sharing about
a company can help them with sales and goodwill. Since people are free to share
whatever they want on the social media, it can impact positively when good words
are shared.

10:- Helps in Building Communities – Since our world has different religions and
beliefs. Social media helps in building and participating in the community of own
religion and believes to discuss and learn about it. Similarly, people of different
communities can connect to discuss and share related stuffs. For example Game lover
can join games related communities, car lover can join communities related to cars
and so on.

7. Strategy to use sosmed wisely

ETHICS IN SOCIAL MEDIA

As time goes by, technology is also growing rapidly. Currently most people can share
information and communicate directly by using social media because with the
internet then they can save more time and cost.

Ethics in Social Media

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Ethics in Social Networking

In use, of course we are given freedom in order to communicate with anyone. But
what is often misinterpreted here is, free does not mean without ethics. It would be
nice if we know what ethics should be noticed when using social networking.

Not a few social problems that occur due to lack of public awareness in ethics in
social media. Indeed, users are sometimes blinded by unreliable news resulting from
incitements circulating on social media. Here are some important things about ethics
in using social media.

Ethics in Communicating

At the time of communication by utilizing social media, usually many who tend to
forget the ethics in communicating. This is evidenced by the many abusive words that
often appear during a conversation through social networking, both intentionally and
unintentionally.

if you are communicating on the Internet using a polite and decent language. Get used
to using the right Language with anyone when we interact, including when interacting
through social media.

Avoid Spread of Racist, Pornography and Violence

not disseminate information containing racist elements and pornography on social

networks. Get used to spread things that are useful and do not cause conflict between
people. Also avoid uploading violent photos such as violent photo, traffic accident
photo or other violent images.

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Do not increase the sadness of the victims' families by spreading violent photos as it
is possible that one of their family is in the photo you share. Do not teach young
people about violence through violent photos that are uploaded blatantly on social
media.

Correcting the Truth of the News

At this time of course not uncommon if we find the news that menggelekan one party
in social media. This is what sometimes aims to drop the name of a competitor by
spreading the news that the result of engineering. Therefore, social media users are
required to be more intelligent when capturing an information, if you want to spread
the information, wise if you correct in advance the truth of the information.

Appreciate the Work of Others

When disseminating information in the form of photographs, writings or videos

belonging to other people then make it a habit to include the source of information as
one form of appreciation for the work of someone. Do not get used to copy-paste
immediately without including the source of the information.

Do not Overly Indulge Personal Information

It's a good idea to be wise in disseminating information about personal life (privacy)
if using social media. Do not be too indulgent your personal information even more
information about your phone number or home address. It may make other contacts
on your list will also be information for those who want to commit a crime.

So use social media as wise as possible in terms of disseminating information. Get

used to always think before you act. May be useful.

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 Chapter III
Conclusion

Based on the results of this study conclude that social media the first choice is
Instagram and Twitter. Instagram users are more personal users Twitter more men.
The people of Surabaya who give first choice for Instagram social media respondents
aged over 19 years with female gender and recent college education working as an
employee, then Twitter where it is at the age above 19 years with male sex and recent
education who work as an employee. In the second option, the chosen social media is
Facebook where was at the age of 19 with male gender and recent education working
as an employee. In the third option, social media is overwhelming selected is the Way
where at age above 19 years with male sex and recent education who work as an
employee. The people of Surabaya also choose the features of each media social. The
features of the selected Instagram are the photo upload feature, then give as in the
posting of a friend. While the Twitter feature the selected is to write the following
tweets to follow friend. The features of Facebook selected are status updates, 86 then
upload the photo The majority of features selected from Path is share

Currently, next sharing location. Features of Google Plus that selected is to use the
hangout feature, then view the profile users. Most Linked In feature is promotion self,
then join the group Men use Twitter more because of more times using his mind
while more women are

using Instagram because women always want to exist by uploading his picture on
Instagram

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Bibliography
http://www.easymedia.in/7-key-characteristics-of-social-media/

https://visual.ly/community/infographic/social-media/short-history-social-media

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media

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