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    GBS Intro

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    Eula Angelica Oco
    Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a rare disorder where the immune system attacks the nerves, causing tingling and weakness in the extremities that progresses upward. There are several types with varying symptoms, and it can potentially lead to respiratory failure. It is often triggered by a viral or bacterial infection and affects males aged 16-25 and over 55 more frequently. While death occurs in 5-10% of cases, most patients recover fully with treatment such as plasma exchange or immunoglobulins to reduce antibodies, as well as supportive care including respiratory therapy.

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    GBS Intro

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    Eula Angelica Oco
    34 views2 pages
    Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a rare disorder where the immune system attacks the nerves, causing tingling and weakness in the extremities that progresses upward. There are several types with varying symptoms, and it can potentially lead to respiratory failure. It is often triggered by a viral or bacterial infection and affects males aged 16-25 and over 55 more frequently. While death occurs in 5-10% of cases, most patients recover fully with treatment such as plasma exchange or immunoglobulins to reduce antibodies, as well as supportive care including respiratory therapy.

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    Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a rare disorder where the immune system attacks the nerves, causing tingling and weakness in the extremities that progresses upward. There are several types with varying symptoms, and it can potentially lead to respiratory failure. It is often triggered by a viral or bacterial infection and affects males aged 16-25 and over 55 more frequently. While death occurs in 5-10% of cases, most patients recover fully with treatment such as plasma exchange or immunoglobulins to reduce antibodies, as well as supportive care including respiratory therapy.

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    34 views2 pages

    GBS Intro

    Uploaded by

    Eula Angelica Oco
    Guillain-Barre Syndrome is a rare disorder where the immune system attacks the nerves, causing tingling and weakness in the extremities that progresses upward. There are several types with varying symptoms, and it can potentially lead to respiratory failure. It is often triggered by a viral or bacterial infection and affects males aged 16-25 and over 55 more frequently. While death occurs in 5-10% of cases, most patients recover fully with treatment such as plasma exchange or immunoglobulins to reduce antibodies, as well as supportive care including respiratory therapy.

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    Guillain-Barre Syndrome, also known as acute idiopathic polyneuritis, is a rare disorder in which the

    body’s immune system attacks the nerves. Weakness and tingling in the extremities are usually the first
    symptoms. Several types of Guillain-Barre syndrome with the most well-known type is the patient
    experiences weakness in the lower extremities, which progress upward and has the potential for
    respiratory failure. The second type is purely motor with no altered sensation. A third type is descending
    GBS, is much more difficult to diagnose; it mostly affects the head and neck muscles. The rarest type is
    the Miller Fisher variant it presents with ataxia, areflexia, and opthalmoplegia.

    When people with Guillain-Barre syndrome the signs and symptoms may include pins and needles
    sensation in the fingers, toes, ankles or wrists, weakness in the legs that spreads to the upper body,
    unsteady walking or inability to walk or climbs stairs, difficulty with facial movements, including
    speaking, chewing or swallowing, double vision or inability to move eyes, severe pain that may feel achy,
    shooting or cramp like and may be worse at night, difficulty with bladder control or bowel function,
    rapid heart rate, low or high blood pressure and difficult breathing.

    Most often a viral infection precipitates clinical presentation in approximately 60% to 70% of cases.
    Campylobacter jejuni is implicated in 24% to 50% of cases, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus,
    Mycoplasma pneumoniae, H. influenza, and HIV are the most common infectious agents that are
    associated with the development of GBS.

    The annual incidence of GBS is 1 to 2 cases per 100,000 people and it is more frequent in males
    between 16 and 25 years of age and those older than 55 years. Death occurs in 5% to 10% of cases,
    resulting from respiratory failure, autonomic dysfunction, sepsis, or pulmonary embolism.

    According to National Health Service (2021), it mainly affects the feet, hands and limbs, causing
    problems such as numbness, weakness and pain. It can be treated and most people will eventually make
    a full recovery, although it can occasionally be life-threatening and some people are left with long-term
    problems.

    According to the study from World Health Organization (2016), the body’s immune system attacks part
    of the peripheral nervous system. People of all ages can be affected, but it is more common in adults
    and in males. Most people recover fully from even the most severe cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
    Guillain-Barre syndrome is potentially life-threatening. People with Guillain-Barre syndrome should be
    treated and monitored; some may need intensive care. Treatment includes supportive care and some
    immunological therapies. Cause is often preceded by an infection. This could be a bacterial or viral
    infection.

    There are medical management for GBS such as respiratory therapy or mechanical ventilation, elective
    intubation, emergent intubation. And may include the use of anticoagulant agents and sequential
    compression boots. Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulins are used to directly
    affect the peripheral nerve myelin antibody level. These two therapies decrease circulating antibody
    levels and reduce the amount of time the patient is immobilized and dependent on mechanical
    ventilation. For cardiovascular risks it requires continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. In
    tachycardia and hypertension needs short acting medications like alpha adrenergic blocking agent.
    Hypotension is managed by increasing the amount of IV fluid administered.
    https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/guillain-barr%C3%A9-syndrome

    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/guillain-barre-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-
    20362793#:~:text=Guillain%2DBarre%20(gee%2DYAH,eventually%20paralyzing%20your%20whole
    %20body.

    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/guillain-barre-syndrome/

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