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Computer Science # 01: Assignment

This document discusses different types of programming languages: high-level languages, low-level languages, and middle-level languages. High-level languages are machine-independent, easy to understand, code, read and edit. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly are machine-dependent and difficult for humans to read and write. Middle-level languages have features of both high and low-level languages, with C being an example. The document provides details on the characteristics and uses of each type of programming language.

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123 views

Computer Science # 01: Assignment

This document discusses different types of programming languages: high-level languages, low-level languages, and middle-level languages. High-level languages are machine-independent, easy to understand, code, read and edit. Low-level languages like machine code and assembly are machine-dependent and difficult for humans to read and write. Middle-level languages have features of both high and low-level languages, with C being an example. The document provides details on the characteristics and uses of each type of programming language.

Uploaded by

Anas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Science

ASSIGNMENT # 01

Subjects:
ICT

Submitted by:
Kainat Naeem

Submitted to:
Hina Umbreen

Registration No:
20-BIS-2411

PIR MEHR ALI SHAH ARID AGICULTURE


UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI
2

Contents

1 Programming Language......................................................................................................3
1.1 High level language.....................................................................................................3
1.1.1. Features of High-level programming languages:.............................................3
1.2 Low level language......................................................................................................4
1.2.1 Machine Language:..............................................................................................4
1.2.2 Assembly Language:............................................................................................4
1.3 Middle-level programming languages.........................................................................4
3

1 Programming Language
To communicate with a person, you need a language. In the same way, if you need to
communicate with the computer, you need a programming language. Without a programming
language, you cannot communicate with the computer.

Types of programming languages:

There are three types of computer programming languages, they are,

 Low-level programming languages


 High-level programming languages
 Middle-level programming languages

1.1 High level language


These are the machine-independent programming languages, which are easy to write, read,
edit, and understand.

Languages like Java, .Net, Python, JavaScript, C++, C, C#, and others (which are very
popular now to develop user-end applications). These languages come under the category of
high-level programming language.

High-level programming languages have special keywords, functions, and class libraries.
Using these we can easily build a computer program.

The computer does not understand the program written in such languages directly, as the
computer understands only Machine code. So, Programming language translators are required
to convert a high-level program to its equivalent Machine code.

Programming translators are generally called Compilers and Interpreters. Compilers are the
system software that converts a program written in particular programming languages to its
equivalent Machine code.

1.1.1. Features of High-level programming languages:

 Portable (system-independent): The programs written in High-Level programming


languages are independent of the system which means a program written on one
system can run on another system.
 Easy to understand: As these programming languages contain keywords, functions,
class libraries (which are similar to English words), we can easily understand the
meaning of a particular term in that programming language.
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 Easy to code, read, and edit: The programs written in a high-level programming
language are easy to code, read, and edit. Even we can edit programs written by other
programmers easily by easily if we have a little knowledge of the programming
language.
 Even though programs written in high-level language compile/run slower than
programs in low-level language, these programming languages are popular to develop
User End Applications.

1.2 Low level language


Here are machine-dependent programming languages such as Binary (Machine code) and
Assembly language.

Since computers can only understand Binary language which is instructions in the form of 0's
and 1's (Signals - that can be either High or Low). So these programming languages are the
best way to give signals (Binary Instructions) to the computer directly but are not that human
friendly.

Machine Code (Binary Language) does not need an interpreter or compiler because the
computer understands these signals directly.

The assembly language needs to be converted to equivalent Binary code so that the computer
can understand the instructions written in Assembly. Assembler is used to convert an
assembly code to its equivalent Binary code.

The codes written in such kind of languages are difficult to write, read, edit, and understand.
Also, the programs are not portable to any other computer system.

1.2.1 Machine Language:


Machine language is a language that has a binary form. It can be directly executed by
a computer.

1.2.2 Assembly Language:


While an assembly language is a low-level programming language that requires software
called an assembler to convert it into machine code.

1.3 Middle-level programming languages


Here is no such category of programming languages. But the programming languages that
have features of both low level and high-level programming languages come under this
category.

Hence, we can say that the programming languages which have features of Low Level as well
as High-Level programming languages known as "Middle Level" programming language.
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C programming languages is the best example of Middle-Level Programming languages as it


has features of low level and high-level programming languages both.

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