Republic of the Philippines

Bulacan Agricultural State College

Pinaod, San Ildefonso, Bulacan
Institute of Education

Action Research Title

Building up Comprehension Kit (BUCK) Towards an Improved Reading skill

Submitted by:
Rey John Carlo Pascual Espinosa
Edzel Conquilla Joson
Marife Valmadrid Polovello
Jean Erica Bonita Reyes
Margie Francisco Sta. Ana
Mark Anthony Ligon Velayo
BEEd-3A (Group 3)

Submitted to:
Dr. Viverly Estarez Mata, Ph.D.
 Subject Professor
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

Introduction
In every subject the teacher must ensure the learning will be inculcated to the minds of
every students. As you all know learning is a never ending process. Students should develop
their critical thinking skill in order for them to address the the societal changes and demands.
Teacher should secure the learning of the students to amidst the never ending changes.
Comprehension is one of the major reasons for reading difficulties that most of pupils
experience in learning. It simply implies that pupils have difficulty in understanding and
interpretation of what is read. Understanding words’ meaning, analyze the authors points of view
and aim for writing and gaining knowledge of new words are all very important reading skills
that support reading comprehension (Ruiz, 2015)
Not only is reading comprehension a valuable skill for learning in school, but in order to
successfully interact in everyday life, individuals need reading skills to read and understand
labels, directions, job application forms, and newspapers (Chatman, 2015). Also, individuals
need reading skills in order to be able to have and maintain a job and successfully engage in
different daily activities (Hoeh, 2015; Mahdavi, & Tensfeldt, 2013), and live independently
(Hoeh, 2015).
The need for reading comprehension becomes very critical when thinking about the
negative consequences of not being able to read in critical situations. Helping students through
teaching them how to effectively interact with written passages, through interactive strategies,
allows them to easily recall what they read and obtain meaning from the passage (Ruiz, 2015).
Additionally, improving all students’ reading skills in order to narrow the reading
achievement gap is one of the essential goals of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) and
Every Student Succeed Act (ESSA). Closing the gap can be done through requiring and
encouraging schools to integrate high standards, high quality instruction, and teaching with
research-based material and assessments (International Literacy Association 2016; Richburg-
Burgess, 2012)
Learning kit is very important in teaching and learning process. The use of learning kits
can facilitate the process of information sharing among students with respect to subjects taught
more clearly (Abdul Samad et al., 2016). The learning kit aims to help students understand the
subject more easily and systematically ( Musa et al., 2014).
The quality of student-centered learning depends largely on the effectiveness of how
teachers choose and use the appropriate learning kits (Mohamad Jackie et al., 2016). Teachers
need to provide an explanation for each sub topic that is taught more precisely in terms of
concepts and situations so that students can understand the content more deeply (Saturday,
2014). Usually teachers still teach while writing on the whiteboard (Reighluth, 2012) and not
using the learning kit (Abdullah, Zainal Abidin & Mohamad, 2012). Even according to Hashim
& Bunyamin (2011) states that most teachers also use self-contained books or modules to deliver
the contents of the lesson.
The pupils have difficulty to think deeply about what they have read so we, researchers
come to think a unique approach called the Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material
wherein, the researchers will provide a comprehension kit that aims to help the teachers struggle
in their pupil’s comprehension. The said kit is consists of different literary texts that will improve
the pupil’s comprehension and other reading skills. Also, every kit will be distributed for every
pupils in Grade 4 and it supplies different links or website that is connected in the given texts
inside the kits. With the use of their phones, the pupils will share their thoughts and learnings
with their classmates and teachers. In addition, the pupils can easily access their teacher if they
need help.
Building Up comprehension kit will be a tool that measure students proficiency in reading
also it may develop the critical thinking skill of the students. According to Elleman (2019),
reading comprehension is one of the most complex cognitive activities in which humans engage,
making it difficult to teach, measure, and research.
Improving students reading comprehension will require a concerted effort from the
student, teacher, parents, and its environment. An early and sustained focus on the development
of the child’s reading comprehension, knowledge, vocabulary is necessary to monitor the
improvement.
Based on the statement mentioned above, the researcher wants to find out the effect of
building up comprehension kit on students efficiency and reading comprehension. This study, the
Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material developed fundamental and focuses on
enhancing the pupil’s reading skills. This developed kit contains teaching aids in the form of
models, texts, and modules. This designed kit is themed “peppa pig” which is customizable and
adapted to the syllabus or curriculum guide of the Elementary Grades. The curriculum guide is
provided by the Department of Education is still in use so that learning is not deflected from the
curriculum of learning.

Statement of the Problem

This study wants to test the effectivity of Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit
Material which developed fundamental and focuses on enhancing the pupil’s comprehension
reading skills. This developed kit contains teaching aids in the form of models, texts, and
modules. This designed kit is themed “peppa pig” which is customizable and adapted to the
syllabus or curriculum guide of the Elementary Grades. Also, it aims to find out how appropriate
it is and the researchers want to produce an easy and cheaper Building Up Comprehension
Learning Kit Material.
 The general problem of this study is to determine if Building Up Comprehension Learning
Kit Material can be use effectively in enhancing the pupil’s reading skills.
Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions;
1. How may the profile of the pupils be described in terms of:
1.1. Sex
1.2. Age
1.3. Reading materials and gadgets available at home
2. How may the level of Comprehension of pupils be described in terms of distinguishing reality
from fantasy?
3. Is there a significant difference in the level of Comprehension based on the pretest and post
test scores of the pupils after using the BUCK?
4. What are the other factors to be considered in integrating BUCK in teaching Grade 4 pupils?
5. What are the attitudes or behaviors of Grade 4 pupils towards the use of BUCK?

Hypothesis
Based on the problems, the researchers hypothesized that:
1. There is no significant difference in the level of Comprehension based on the pre-test and post
test scores of the pupils after using the BUCK?
2. There is no significant effect on using Building Up Comprehension KIT (BUCK) in enhancing
pupils‘ comprehension skills in Distinguishing Reality from Fantasy.

Conceptual and Theoretical Framework

The study is premised on Bruner’s (1915) Discovery Learning Theory that described how
learning generates new information from hands-on and meaningful real-life experiences. The
said theory also explained how learners, through the use of SLK, discover more in-depth and
further information useful to develop higher engagement in learning and consequently improve
their academic performance. The provision of practical, adaptive, and responsive materials and
activities enabled the students to have a first-hand discovery of learning.
Meanwhile, the study followed the conceptual paradigm below in the conduct of the study.
 Figure 1. Paradigm of the Study

The paradigm in Figure 1 shows the Effectivity of using Building Up Comprehension

Learning Kit Material in Enhancing the Grade 4 Pupils in Comprehension Reading Skills. The
learning kit has an ability to enhance the pupil’s comprehension reading skills and the
researchers think that the theme chosen in building the learning kit will grab the pupil’s learning
attention.

Significance of the Study

This study will be relevant in the field of education, particularly in teaching English. It will
likewise show the effects of the Building Up Comprehension Kit strategy in enhancing the
comprehension skills in Distinguishing Reality from Fantasy of Grade 4 pupils. Moreover,
results of the study may be significant to the following:
Pupils. Results of the study will give pupils insights of how they improve their
comprehension skills in Distinguishing Reality from Fantasy.
Teachers. Results of the study will give teachers a strategy by means of implementing the
program on how they are going to improve the pupils comprehension skills at the same time.
Also, it would help to guide the teachers on how to revise their teaching techniques to help the
students enhance their reading comprehension skills.
Parents. Results of the study will give parents valuable information on how they are going
to impart knowledge to their children.
School. Results of the study will help the school in pursuing one of their visions to the
pupils to achieve academic performance through developed comprehension skills.
 School Administrators. Results of the study will give school administrators valuable
information in encouraging their teachers to adapt the BUCK program which could uplift the
learning styles and achievements of their pupils.
Researchers. Results of the study will serve as a guide for future researchers in conducting
a mixed method research and other types of researches. Also, it help the future researchers to
find ideas to be used as a reliable source in improving the reading skills of the student.

Scope and Limitations

The study will focus on the effects of Building Up Comprehension Kit (BUCK)
strategy in improving the comprehension skills in Distinguishing Reality from Fantasy of those
Grade 4 pupils who were diagnosed with beginning level of writing proficiency under the
English subject being handled by the researcher at Dr. Juan F. Pascual Memorial School for the
school year 2020-2021.
This will be conducted on the third quarter of school year 2020-2021. Also, the main
reason for conducting the study is to help the Grade 4 pupils to enhance their knowledge in terms
of reading comprehension by the use of BUCK.
CHAPTER II
METHODOLOGY

This chapter provides information about the research and how the researchers will conduct
the making of Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material. The research design as well
as the data gathering procedure, sampling procedure, and the data analysis scheme that the
researchers will conduct is here.

Research Design
 Figure 2. Research Design Diagram
Figure 2 shows the research design diagram that the researchers will be conducting
throughout the experiment.
The research study that the researchers will conduct is experimental, it is used to determine
the effectivity of Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material in enhancing the pupil’s
comprehension reading skills. We will use the created Comprehension kit in Grade 4 pupils then,
observe the number of correct items given. Also, we want to produce an easy and cheaper
Comprehension Learning Kit that can be helpful in every educators and pupils around our
country.
Data Gathering Procedure

Figure 3. Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material Methodology Diagram

The materials gathered were prepared for creation of Building Up Comprehension

Learning Kit Material. First, the researchers will going to collect some materialsthat we need in
our study. Then after that, we will proceed in making the theme of our Comprehension kit. The
materials we need in the study are color paper, printables, cartolina, carboards, and different
activity sheets.
In preparing the Building Up Comprehension kit, we need to follow some steps. First, we
need to collect all the materials needed. Second, plan for the theme of your Building Up
Comprehension kit. Next, compile the different activities and printables that will attach to the kit.
Lastly, design the Building Up Comprehension kit and attach all the printables.
Researchers will have an experimental set up. They will be having 10 pupils and the pupils
will going to use the created Comprehension Learning Kit Material. Researchers will let the
pupils to manipulate and use the Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit. After having that,
they will observe the set ups by counting all the correct items that the pupils got.
Sampling Procedure
The chosen samples are small, they are the chosen version of a larger group. A sample
should represent the whole population and not reflect any bias or judgement.
The researchers will only use the created Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit
Material in enhancing the pupil’s comprehension reading skills. Grade 4 pupils of Dr. Juan F.
Pascual Memorial School will be used to prove that this is effective and it will not be tested to
other pupils.

Data Gathering Technique

The researcher will ask permission from the Schools Division Superintendent of Bulacan
through the Research Education Specialist and from the district supervisor and the school
principal to allow the pupils in the conduct of the study and gather from them the relevant data
needed for the study.
The researchers will use test (post-test and pre-test) as its main tool for gathering the
needed data for the study. The test consist of different questions on what they have learned using
the BUCK. Also, they are task to answer a guide question regarding on what factors to be
considered in integrating BUCK in teaching Grade 4 pupils?

Data Analysis Scheme

This study will interpret data based on what the Comprehension kit will benefit the pupil’s
learning, specifically, how effective this created Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit
Material in enhancing the pupil’s comprehension reading skills. We will be compiling and
examining our data, observing the correct items that the pupils got. We will derive the data of the
experiment. After the treatment has been applied, observation time after time will be done.
Recording the data will be based on the correct items of the pupils in Grade 4 got. We will tally
up everything, get the average scores, and see it is effective or not.
Pupil Number of items Pre-test Post test
1 50
2 50
3 50
4 50
5 50
6 50
7 50
8 50
9 50
10 50

Table 1. Data Analysis Scheme

Proposed Innovation/Intervention/Strategy
 The Building Up Comprehension Learning Kit Material developed fundamental and
focuses on enhancing the pupil's reading skills. This developed kit contains teaching aids in the
form of models, texts, and modules. This designed kit is themed "peppa pig" which is
customizable and adapted to the syllabus or curriculum guide of the Elementary Grades. The
curriculum guide is provided by the Department of Education is still in use so that learning is not
deflected from the curriculum of learning.

Work Plan
Task 1: Matrix of Activities
Below are the step-by-step procedures of the conduct of the study.