MODULE 1: The National Service Training Program

The Youth are said to be the hope of our Nation. The role of the youth is vital in
building a nation that promotes cooperation and unity. Various programs and
educational trainings are being conducted to train our young people and one of these is
the NSTP. The National Service Training Program (NSTP) is a program that aims to
enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth by developing the
principles of service and patriotism while undergoing training in any of its three (3)
program components namely the following: Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC),
Civic Welfare Training Services (CWTS), and Literacy Training Services (LTS).

The CapSU-NSTP is doing its very best to produce students and youth who are
valuable, responsible, and effective members of National Service Reserve Command
(NSRC) producing agents that may serve towards attaining quality life, helping to
sustain peace, unity, cooperation, and growth in various target communities. The
CapSU-NSTP is given the mission of delivering dynamic service through its qualified
implementers providing capability enhancement for civic welfare and encouraging the
youth in improving and developing their skills. For the goals of CapSU-NSTP, it aims to
develop civic consciousness and national defense preparedness among the youth
towards the pursuit of national development. Moreover, the CapSU-NSTP aims to instill
among its students the values of nationalism and patriotism thus enhancing their
involvement in public and civic activities. In addition, it aims to train the students in
various fields of endeavor endowed with moral values and producing service oriented
and responsive youth of the community.

The CapSU-NSTP has three program components which includes Reserve

Officers Training Corps (ROTC), Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS), and Literacy
Training Service (LTS). The ROTC is a program component designed to provide military
training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize, and mobilize them
for national preparedness. On the other hand, the CWTS refers to the programs or
activities contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the members
of the community of the enhancement of its facilities. Lastly, the LTS is a program
component designed to train students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy
skills to school children, out of school youth and other segments of society in need of
their service.

For the duly qualified personnel of NSTP, the following are the positions being
given. These personnel are being selected by the school itself. Before being chosen,
the qualifications of the said person must be carefully assessed. These includes the
NSTP Director, NSTP Campus Coordinator, ROTC Commandant, CWTS Coordinator,
LTS Coordinator, ROTC Coordinator / Admin NCO, Instructor / Military Instructor, and
Administrative Assistant. The tertiary students who are officially enrolled in any of the
components of NSTP conducted by the institution within a certain academic year are
called NSTP Students. In my case, I am an NSTP Student under the component of
CWTS. Moreover, I am also a CWTS Student. Other students under NSTP includes
ROTC Cadet/Cadette, Student Cadet, and LTS Student. The Program Component of
NSTP refers to what is stated in Section 4 of Republic Act 9163.

The NSTP Law is clearly discussed in the IRR of the NSTP Program (RA 9163).
Pursuant to Section 12 of Republic Act No. 9163 otherwise known as the National
Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001. The concerned institutions must adopt
and promulgate the implementing rules and regulations in implementing the provisions
of the said Act. The CapSU-NSTP is fully equipped with highly skilled and trained
professionals with Dr. Elmer M. Albaladejo as the NSTP Director. They are chosen to
lead the flock of students towards making the youth as responsible and cooperative
members of the society.

MODULE 2: Good Citizenship

The Module 2 discusses the value of good citizenship of Filipinos. It tackles the
1983 Philippine Constitution specifically the Article III, Bill of Rights or otherwise known
as the Constitution of Liberty. It converses the classified list of rights and privileges of
the individuals whether personal, civil, or political. It is also a charter of liberties for the
individual and a limitation upon the power of a state. In the case of the Philippines, since
it is a Democratic Country, it assures that the people must live their rights and justice
must be served. Upholding the fact that every human being has dignity and integrity
which must be respected. The Bill of Rights is the only affirmation of the people’s rights.

The Constitutional Rights are classified as Civil or Political Rights. Political rights
are rights that involve participation in the establishment or administration of a
government and are usually held to entitle the adult citizen to exercise of the franchise,
the holding of public office, and other political activities. On the other hand, the Civil
Rights include ensuring of peoples' physical and mental integrity, life and safety;
protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, national origin, color,
sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion, or disability; and individual rights.

It is completely undeniable that the Filipino blood is filled with values that makes
us good citizens not only of our own country but of the whole world. These values are
being applied to every aspect of our lives, helping us to be responsible members of our
community. Many believed that if each Filipino will learn how to inculcate these values
in their hearts, our goal in achieving social change and progress would turn into reality.

The first value is the value of respect for life. We need to be aware that life is
indeed beautiful. We must live life to the fullest by inculcating the spirit of benevolence
and love to one another. The next value is the value of concern for the family and the
future generations. Above everything else, we must remember that valuing the life that
we have with our families is a thing that money can’t buy. We must focus in building up
rapport that would lead to peace and harmony within each and every one. The third
value, is the value of truth. Instilling the seed of veracity within the Filipino blood would
mean a lot than settling with a sweet lie. The fourth value, is the value of justice. It talks
about giving every man his/her due. The fifth, is the value of equality. We may be
different in so many aspects and areas but we need to remember that each and every
single one of us deserves to be treated equally. The sixth one, is the value of promotion
of the common good. Each of us must strive to achieve the goodness that lies within our
hearts, doing good and being kind to others. The last but not the least, is the value of
concern for our environment. We are called to be the stewards of God’s magnificent
creations. We are given this amazing responsibility to take good care of our Mother
Earth. Thus, we must do our best to protect it against irresponsible people.

Module 2 tackles the topic of Self-Awareness as well. Self-concept is defined as

the image that we have of ourselves. It is vitally influenced by the interactions that we
make with the important people in our lives. So basically, each one of us, has our own
self-concept. In simple words, this is a mental picture of what we are. According to Dr.
Bruce A. Bracken, there are six specific domains that are related to self-concept. The
first one is social, which refers to the ability of interacting with others. Second is the
competence, which is our ability to meet our basic needs. Next is affect which is the
awareness of emotional states. Fourth is the physical which refers to our feelings about
looks, health, physical condition, and overall appearance. Fifth is the academic which
refers to our success or failure in school. And the last is the family. It refers to how well
one functions within the family unit.

In addition, Carl R. Rogers believed that there were three different parts of self-
concept. The first is the self-image which talks about how we see ourselves. The next is
the self-esteem which refers to how much we value ourselves. The third and the last is
the ideal self which refers to how we wish we could be. The worthy principles that one
follows to distinguish the right from the wrong are the moral values. These includes
honesty, integrity, truthfulness, helpfulness, love, respectfulness, and many others.
There are a lot of moral values that we students must have. These includes humility,
empathy, integrity, discipline, and courage.

Moral Law refers to the guidelines or rules of behavior of a group of people that
determine what is right or wrong. It tells men how to act in relation to God. It prescribes
norms of conduct leading to the highest good and absolute end. The foundation of our
Moral Values and Virtues are the 10 Commandments that come from God, the Most
High. We are highly encouraged to take heed and follow the commandments of God to
achieve the highest good. We are called to be His obedient sons and daughters, doing
good and be kind to others.

The Filipino Cultural Values also live within the depths of our hearts. These
includes hiya, pakikisama, utang na loob, respect for authority, and strong family ties.
Living in a community where peace and harmony is present will only be achieved if all of
us will be united in living these precious good values. Radiating the spirit of
benevolence and positivity, helping one another to turn our life-long goals into reality.
MODULE 4: Part 1

The Module 4 of National Service Training Program (NSTP) tackles the topic of
Disaster Risk Management specifically the preview on Disaster Risks and Hazards in
the Philippines. It discusses detailed information for the topics of Types of Hazards,
Case Studies of Worst Disasters, Natural and Human-Induced Hazards, Effects of
Disasters and Calamities, Capiz Threat Assessment, CapSU Mitigation and Initiatives,
and Early Warning Systems.

As students of NSTP, it is important to study the Disaster Risks and Hazards in

the Philippines to make us aware and informed of what are we going to do and what
actions are we going to take when emergency situations enter the scene. The
Philippines is said to be a country that is prone to Natural Hazards because of its
geographical location and its position along the Pacific Ring of Fire. In general, there
are two types of hazard that greatly affects the Philippines and these includes Hydro-
Meteorological Phenomena and Hazards and Geological Phenomena and Hazards.
Under Hydro-Meteorological are the typhoon, thunderstorms, flood, storm surge, and
landslides. On the other hand, earthquake and volcanic eruptions are under Geological
Phenomena and Hazards.

The video presented the two different case studies of two different places. The
first is the case study of Cagayan De Oro during a typhoon that brought high level and
strong flash flood along the areas. It was a sad news that a lot of people died and got
lost due to the said flash flood. What makes me sad the most is the fact that, their place
was given a warning 4 years before the typhoon, that they are prone to flooding but then
the local government did not listen to what was told to them. The second case study is
considered to be the most intense disaster in the history of the Philippines. The disaster
happened in Guinsaugon, Leyte, where the whole community in total of 1,800 residents
were buried under 30 to 50 feet of mud. It was considered as the most horrendous
disaster that happened in the Philippines. These events only tell us that we must not
ignore the warnings of nature. Instead, we must be vigilant and be prepared in whatever
emergency situations that will come along the way.

Natural hazards are physical phenomena that occurs naturally. These includes
earthquake, volcanic eruptions, floods, tsunami, typhoons, landslide, and drought. On
the other hand, human-induced or man-made hazards include accidents that can
happen in the land, air, and even in the bodies of water. These different calamities and
disasters has a great impact in the lives of people. First and foremost, it leads to the
loss of human lives and even the lives of animals. Next is the loss of properties such as
our houses, loss of basic services such as hospitals, schools or institutions,
infrastructures, and even bridges and roads. Another is the loss of livelihoods such as
the farming and fishing industry. Amidst these disasters, the most beautiful thing is that,
we are Resilient. The Panay Island is said to be blessed because we are rich in the
production of basic commodities such as rice, corn, sugar, fruits, and even sea food. It
makes us resilient and we are able to survive whatever disaster strikes us.
 Despite the fact that the Province of Capiz can stand on its own, it’s completely
undeniable that we are still prone to natural disasters and threats. On the top of the list
are the typhoons, followed by flooding which is said to be because of the heavy siltation
of the Panay River and Tinagong Dagat. Deforestation is one also one the foreseen
reasons for the flooding that occurs in our Province. In the midst of this sad news, the
Government has constructed a plan to address this issue. The project is entitled Panay
River Basin Integrated Development Project (PRBDIP) which aims to build 2 canal
systems or floodway to mitigate the flooding.

The Capiz State University Mitigation team is also making their way in helping
our Province combat the problem of flooding through its tree planting, bamboo planting,
and mangrove planting activities. In addition, different river clean-up and coastal clean-
up drives are being organized as well. Moreover, the community awareness and
preparedness through the help of the respective agencies are being done in the
community as well.

The different early warning signs of the natural disasters are being monitored
through the help of the different equipment and machines that are present around
CapSU and Capiz. As we continue to face the different threats of the Environment, we
must always bear in mind that being a well-informed and responsible citizen will help us
save not only our lives but the lives of others in the community as well. As a steward, it
is our sole responsibility to be vigilant and aware at all times, responding to the
warnings being given by our nature. Each and every one must be united in making our
world a better and safe place for everybody.

MODULE 4: Part 2

We, Filipinos are known to be resilient kind of people. We tend to adapt and we
can easily surpass whatever calamity that may struck us. The Part 2 of Module 4
discusses the digs deeper to the important topics that are needed to be discussed in
Disaster Reduction. Disaster Reduction refers to the systematic way or approach in
assessing and reducing the risks brought about by disasters. The presentation aims to
understand the disaster risk situation of the Philippines, its resiliency, and climate
change adaptability.

Disaster risk refers to the potential harm and situations wherein the life of the
people are at risk and the properties are at the verge of destruction as well. Amidst the
difficulties and disasters that attack us, we can still cope up and adapt to it immediately.
This is because of the value of resiliency that is inculcated in the heart of every Filipino.
According to the Disaster Risk Report 2019, from being 2 nd last 2014 for Countries that
are tremendously at risk for Disasters, the current standing of the Philippines is in the 9 th
rank. It is a good news because it only means that the Philippines can adapt well to the
disasters that come along its way.
 Since the Philippines lies at the Pacific Ring of Fire and at the typhoon belt
located beside the Pacific Ocean, it is indeed prone to typhoon, volcanic eruptions, and
earthquakes, some of which are tremendously destructive. Just to name some of the
most destructive typhoons, here are the official list. Rank1 is typhoon Haipong in 1881
which killed 20,000 people. Next is typhoon Yolanda which killed 6,300 people. Third is
typhoon Uring in 1991 which killed 5,101 individuals. And top 4 is typhoon Pablo in year
2012 which killed 1,901 individuals. According to the data that are presented, there are
some provinces who are at risk for typhoons, flooding, and even earthquakes.
Therefore, we must be vigilant and be aware at all times in all ways.

Despite the fact that the Philippines lies along the Ring of Fire which is prone to
earthquake, the Palawan is allegedly considered to be the earthquake-proof province in
the Philippines. Due to the fact that it has no active volcanoes, no deep trenches, and
even fault lines, it is considered to be the safest part of the Philippines.

The Presidential Decree 1566 has been the basic law that guides the disaster
management programs, projects, strategies, and implementation in the country.
However, the only aim of this decree is to respond to certain situations without
preparation. Thus, the Office of Civil Defense (OCD) decided to make a paradigm shift
from culture of reaction to culture of prevention. This was carried out in Republic Act
10121. This RA was also considered as the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010. It is an act that provides for the development of policies and
plans and the implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of
disaster risk reduction.

Unlike reactive response who has only preparedness, the proactive response
focuses on preparedness, prevention, mitigation, response, rehabilitation, and recovery.
In order to be resilient and be able to adapt to the situations, there are several problems
that are being conducted by our government to spread awareness and preparedness to
the people. Earthquake, fire, typhoon evacuation drills, first-aid trainings are some of the
ways and means to make the people vigilant and alert at all times. As a mode of
protecting the environment, recycling and tree development are some of the simple
ways that we can do.

Under the Salient features of RA 10121, each member of the community, are
highly encouraged to participate and join in the awareness and environmental programs
that our community is launching. We need to arm ourselves with enough knowledge in
how to cope up and adapt to the changes in our environment. Planning, preparing, and
practicing are the ways that we need to bring this goal into action.
MODULE 4: Part 3

According to UN Former Secretary General Kofi Annan, Natural Hazards are

always part of the human life. But it eventually becomes a hazard if the lives of people
and the properties are at risk. The Philippines is situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire
where two plates are under the process of tectonic movements in the course of time.
The Philippines houses the 220 volcanoes and 22 of which are considered active. The
objective of the Part 3 of Module 4 aims to preview the possible scenario of what will
happen if a sudden large scale earthquake disaster will occur in the province of Capiz.

Disasters, man-made or natural, enormously affects everyone. It does not only

affect the lives of people, but the properties, livelihood, and even mode of living as well.
The West Panay fault has a history of destructive earthquakes. It is located and active
at the boundary of Antique-Iloilo, Capiz and Aklan area. When a sudden earthquake
with a magnitude can be destructive when it hits Capiz. It can result to a widespread
damage, specifically to buildings and infrastructures such as roads and bridges.
Moreover, fault lines will jump as much as 5 meter when tectonic plates move or shift. In
addition, electric power and water utilities as well as telecommunication will be greatly
affected. When telecommunications will be affected, we will be having a hard time
communicating to the authorities and loved ones. Wounded victims and even dead ones
are also expected when this scenario will happen.

If this type of scenario will strike Capiz, we will be tremendously affected. In just a
matter of 24 hours, many people will suffer desperations, hopelessness, and
homelessness. It will take some time before we will restore what was lost. We don’t
know when these disasters will come. That is why, it is very important that we must be
prepared at all times. Here are the 5 Basic Survival Needs for Disaster. First is water,
for drinking, cooking, and washing. It is followed by food which is for nutrition and
medicine. Third is shelter for temporary housing. Next is energy for fuel, battery, and
LPG. And last is security, to be used against desperate behavior or uncontrollable
situations.

Preparedness is what we need to be done before any disaster. That is why, we

must secure and we must bear in mind the following things. The Go Bag, First-Aid Kit,
Cellphone, Emergency Plan, and Evacuation Point. In addition, the following are the
serious concerns during a disaster. These include Family Reunification, Survival
Provisions, Safety and Security, and Staying Alive.

Survival is indeed our goal when certain disaster comes. Unity and cooperation
are the things that we must consider to save not only our lives but the lives of others as
well. Being well-informed about what is happening will give us an idea of what things
are we going to make. Let us all abide the laws and instructions coming from the
authorities to prevent misunderstanding during disasters. Let us take heed and follow
the instructions given for us to survive. We don’t hold our lives nor our future, and that is
why, being vigilant and alert at all times will be the virtues that can save our lives and
others as well.