Top 50 Questions And Points

In Jamb Chemistry
Part 1

1. The most reactive metal known is Francium.

2. GEL is a SOL which contains more solid particle

dispersed in liquid than usual.

3. The hardest substance known to man is DIAMOND.

4. The lowest Oxidation State of IRON is ZERO

5. Quantum Numbers only describes ELECTRONS and

not ATOMS.

6. Hydrogenation of Alkynes gives Alkanes

7. The Law of Definite Proportion is also referred to as

the law of ConstantComposition.

*Sodium liberates H2 from Steam = True

9. The electrolyte used in DOWN CELL is

Molten NaCl fused with Cacl2

10. Na is not stored under water because it Tarnishes.

11. Burning Kerosene gives CO2 + H2O

12. Dissolution of Calcium in water gives CaO.

13. All Nitrates are Soluble in water. Also, all

nitrates unstable to heat.

14. N2O is the first Anaesthetic man ever used.

15. The flame used by welders is called Oxy-

acetylene flame

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16. Consecutive members of the Alkane homologous

series differ by CH2.

17. The difference between drying and dehydration is

that drying is removal of water while dehydration is the

removal of elements of water (Hydrogen and oxygen).

18. Benzene is an Aromatic hydrocarbon.

19. Atomic mass is the number of proton and neutron in

the nucleus of an atom.

20. Atomic number is the number of Proton an atom

has.

21. Electrons revolve around the atom while Proton and

Neutron are inside the Nucleus of the Atom.

22. Radioactivity is the spontaneous

disintegration of the nuclei of an atom to

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emit energy and radiations such

as ALPHA PARTICLES, BETA PARTICLES

AND GAMMA RAYS.

23. Alpha particles have the least penetrating

power. Beta particles can be stopped by Aluminium foil

while Gamma rays can only be stopped by LEAD BLOCK.

24. The ability of CARBON to form long

chains, branched chains and ring is called catenation.

25. Elements that can combine with carbon to give

compounds are:

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen

• Chlorine

• Nitrogen

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 • Bromine

• Phosphorus

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26. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons could be Cyclic, Acyclic or

Alicyclic.

27. Pure substances have definite boiling point and

melting point.

28. Example of radioactive material are Uranium,

Thorium and Polonium.

29. The most notable scientist who contributed to

the development of Periodic table between 1817 ti

1895 was Dmitri T. Mendeleev

30. The fourth and fifth period contains 18 elements each.

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31. Elements in the same group are called CONGENERS.

32. Free Hydrogen (H2) is the lightest gas known.

33. Viscosity is the resistance to flow in liquids.

34. Water starts boiling when the saturated vapour

pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

35. Factors affecting boiling points of organic

compounds are branching, volatility, polarity and impurity.

36. The most reactive nonmetal known isfluorine.

37. Impurity increases boiling point but reduces melting

point.

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38. Ernest Rutherford is the father of nuclear science.

39. Radioactivity can also be called transmutation.

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40. NUCLEAR ENERGY is produced by Nuclear fission

and Nuclear fusion.

41. Energy from the Sun is as a result of Nuclear fusion

but reaches the earth via Radiation (Correction Credit:

Saheed Soneye).

42. The two types of radioactivity are natural

radioactivity and artificial radioactivity.

43. Every nucleus is positive.

44. For solid which sublime, sublimationcan be used to

isolate the solid from its impurities if the impurities

themselves do not sublime.

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45. CRAO. Reduction takes place in cathode and oxidation

occurs in the anode.

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46. Compound that rotates plane polarised light is said to

be optically active.

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47. Cathode ray tube was the forerunner of today’s

television tube.

48. R.A Millikan found the charge of an electron to be -

1.60×10-19C

49. Antoine Becquerel discovered Radioactivity while

Marie Curie suggested the name “Radioactivity”.

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50. Each Hydrogen spectrum produces six series and

each series produces lines while each line has a specific

wavelength.

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51. Venus is the only planet that rotates in opposite

direction to others

52. The atmosphere is composed of 78% Nitrogen, 21%

Oxygen and 1% other gases including Co2, water vapour, the

noble gases, dust and air pollutants.

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Part 2: 25 Chemistry Key Points

For Jamb 2021

1. The lithosphere is composed of rocks and soil

2. The industrial preparation of HNO3 is carried out

using Ostwalds’s process

3. Heavy chemicals are those chemicals used in large

quantities in Industries.

4. The most used chemical in industries is H2SO4.

5. NaOH is used for making soap

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 6. Fine chemicals are not produced in large quantities.

However, they are produced with a high degree of

accuracy, e.g AgBr. Fine chemicals include drugs.

7. Thermite process is used for Welding broken ends of

metal parts.

8. Bessemer process is used for the production of steel

9. Acheson process is used to produce Graphite

10. Nigerian Crude oil is called sweet because of its low

sulphur content.

11. Alkanals can be oxidized but Alkanones cannot,

why? It is because Alkanals have an oxidizable

hydrogen atom attached to the carbonyl carbon but

Alkanones do not.

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 12. Newspaper appear yellow after prolonged exposure

to the Atmosphere because the bleaching action of

SO2 from which they were made is reversed by

atmospheric oxidation.

13. Atoms with the same mass number but different

atomic numbers are referred to as Isobars

14. Amines have a characteristic fishy smell

15. Aromatic compounds are those with one or more

benzene rings.

16. Aliphatic compounds are those with open chains as

well as cyclic compounds that do not have benzene

ring in their structure.

17. Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain carbon

and hydrogen only.

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18. Water is not added to acid because it could cause

an explosion. Addition of water to acid is violently

exothermic.

19. Bunsen Burner is used for heating and for exposing

items to flame

20. Methane is called fire damp because it is the main

cause of explosion in poorly ventilated coal mines.

21. There are basically two types of radioactivity viz

natural and artificial radioactivity

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 22. Oxygen is the most abundant element in the earth

crust.

23. Nigerian crude oil is called light because it has a

low density due to its composition of low molecular

weight hydrocarbons.

24. An Oxide that dissolves in water to form acid is

called Acid Anhydride

25. Metal is an element that ionizes by the loss of

(electrons)

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