PRINTED BOOK

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SAMSKRITA BHARATI
AKSHARAM’, 8th Cross. 2nd Phase
S H I K S H / 1 -1
Girinagar, Bangalore-560 085
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n wq - *n rj fm ft ii

^ R ^ r T I i r f l

SAMSKRITA BHARATI
"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6613052

Serial No.

- ?.

vrz:
ii ^ t t f | ^ 55 jn r r w r T j^ n r f^ : n
In ambiguous matters noble men seek the counsel of their
own conscience.
Dear friend,
Namaskaras to you. Our best wishes to you on your pur­
suit of knowledge through our postal Samskrit coaching
scheme. We presume that you have set aside a few precious
hours of your day for the study of Samskrit.

Here is the first lesson of the third semester for

you. ang I

The lessons of have taught us the different cases

with examples. As we know there are seven cases. There is
also the vocative case of address called I

Note the use of all these cases in the following stanza :

W FT TTJTPT
TW for^FT: mg n TFT II
 2 3

The great King Rama is always victorious. I shall serve

16. f^ J : I
Rama, an incarnation of Vishnu, the lord of Lakshmi. Sri
Rama destroyed the army of the demons. Salutations to that 17. ST: * T F F ^ I
Rama. There is no greater refuge than Rama. I'am a servant
of Rama. Let my mind find union with Rama always. 18. 5 %. ^ 93T^McT I
O ! Rama 1 Save me.
19. W I : 10^TH^ W I

20. SFjfT: JTFT ^< 4 ^ cfW’TM I

(Participles)
( g w iW r fi:)
We have learnt that the roots of all the words are called The lessons of "Parichaya" have taught the verbal forms
"Dhatus". A set of affixes called Krith affixes added to roots and participle forms and their usages. This is to refresh your
give rise to participle of Kridanta forms. In the lessons of memory-
"Parichaya" under the head "words" we have learnt these
1. ^ - to abuse, censure, blame.
participles. In this lesson let us study them with examples :
1 . 7TjjfrT - blames - Rl^Hld: f^ T I
1. I

2 . 3TcT: s&^T. I
2. - is blamed - =fk=H f ^ 1!: I

3. ?T: 'TrFI STf^T I

3. 7Tff^TfrT - will blame - ar^TTW: 'iR H fd I

4. ^ I 4. ' He/She blamed -

'ifi& H H J tffaT 3TpT I
5. W : ^ I
5. - to be blamed - - (bad conduct)
6. l

7. W : 33rMfrld=l-d: I
6. 7Tff5 3T - to blame - 7Tf%3^ 3TR®M^ I
8. |^TT: #R ^T : ^ ^R T : I
7. 'ils>Vii - having blamed - ^rffc^T 7RT: I
9. f^TvFxT: ^ n : I
8. f l w - having blamed - HTg 3F: ?TPT: ?
10. *T: iTT^3TPT?RR H: ’f t W : I
9. ^ V W x f t - (He/She) blaming - WTFT: Tl ^
11 . %: 4T ^ |R d ^ K I
<5[rcft I
12 . ^TT: ^ SRT: I
10.^TffW: - 7Tff?rr - 7TffcI^ -He/she/it was blamed - ^T^T:
13. VJft: TF# ^ R ^ f r r e f r r I
3# T : I WMT I f5T 7l f ^ II
14. ^ ^tft i
1. liquor 2. forgot 3. Jump 4. expressed (told) 5. hearing 6. peacocks
15. if a c r f t ^J'J-^dl IT^T: fq f fe R T ; I
7. slipping 8. no one 9. ruined 10. though knowing.
 4 5

As above make sentences with the following form of roots. V.

2. ^ - to tire out, fade, to be wearied -
fm \ f|* n t t
?) WTfrT R) 3) jrnft1 ^ftj w m : i
V) - M H itfl k ) K)
5tTF^T^r^T^T R 41rl^
• vs) JeTTrWT 6) RWT \) W : - 7?THT - ¥ 1 ^ II
II
3. JF^ - to take -
q ^ w r:
?) R) ^ 3)
^T , fa n , f^TT, WT, 5TPT:, M ^T :, ^ T :, TO, f lf : ,
V ) ^ T ? R T ^ -^ tc R c ft \ )
%TFRT:, 3 , ^ l i ^ H , ^ ^ ^ I
r\ ) vs) ^t?^T - srfcrqw
6) *pjf^ - ^ f t \) IJ^RT: - ^ T T - Jj^ra^ I
I am of the opinion that most of the people are polite only
4. 5TT - to smell -
for one of the following reasons viz. to show off or due to
? ) fasfcT R ) 5 T T ^ 3 ) gTWfrT greed or out of fear or shame. I feel that a great man who is
without any desire and modest from his heart cannot be
v ) s t r r t ^ - s n w fr \)
found.
%.) S T R ^ - STMT - oTRTFT vs) - f^ iR ft
6) STITT: -. STM - 5TRT^ II
S F ^T P ft
- to show off, - out of greed, f^PTT - out of fear,
W ^ T :
1%TT WT - or owing to shame, TO 3Tft - all these
In the lessons of Parichaya we learnt something about
people, fM ld: - are modest, 3 ■ but, - I feel, WT - a
riddles. In Shiksha also let us know some more examples
great man. R'fld - whose modest 3TT^T - from his heart,
w rra r T^rr qrf?r ^ f?r*3fa i - is difficult to find.
WT^TTH ^ n ^ frT II

A chariot is moving on the hill aud the charioteer is stand­

ing on the ground. It is moving with a speed of the wind, but In thei previous standard we have read the story of the
not going on, even a single foot. Answer - Here chariot epic Raghuvamsha. Let us now read the story of
means the potters wheel. It rotates on a hill (stand), chari­ "Shishupalavadha" of poet Magha.
oteer (potmaker) stands on ground. Though it rotates speed­
1 . 5TFT: + M t f : , 2. M r f : + 3. ^ T : + TO, 4. TO +
ing it does not move on.
5. %CFm: + 3 + 3 T T f ^ I
 6 7

prose order meaning and summary). Now let us know about

3FW^TT. First we have to find out necessary questions on
verbs in order to find out the W l ? etc (as answers)
f ^ lN d li ^IcTTT^ - 3T: ^ t By this method we can understand the meaning of the shloka
clearly. Therefore let us know about it.
^TTrT: I 5R W W T =fT: I <K|R|^ 5^ H K <^$:
5TWIH, 3T?l'i=iH I f^ T : ^ I #T ^T ^ 31^^ |
Anvayakram a
H k ^ lH : ^ 3 r f ^ “ f^ T ! ^TFTTfcT I *T#T f | I
Here is an episode from the Ramayana of Valmiki, while
rT*Trfa ^ 5FT S%T ^trWT STFRffsf^T, f W 1" ffrT I ^T
in search of Sita, Rama befriends the monkey chief Sugriva.
^TFT ^tTT 2 WfoT^ ’f t p # FT I 3T%?rtsft STT^T: <TFTT^ Sugriva sends his monkey servants to all directions in order
^ftcT: I W i ; HARi^Mdli 3J^?WT ?f W*T 3 4 fex^T I to trace Sita. Anjaneya is one among them. Informed by the
vulture Sampathi he- sets out to the southern direction to find
^T: 5 TWT\ | g -# ^ ^
Sita. He leaping across the ocean reaches Lanka. Having
3TTWTR; | M # 3 ^T: ^TC«TFT s fftm ^T 6 found Sita imprisoned by Ravana in the Ashoka garden he
*fldlH^k4> # 7 I ^T«TT 3F4 ^ 8 sjc^T begins destroying the garden. He is seized then by Indrajit
3TTWfrr, cfqT TT^RT: l^p ff ‘ Rl&HW' ?fcT 9 =TTRT 3cq*r: | ?TPT and is brought before Ravana. There Hanuman speaks a few
words of advice to Ravana. The verse describing the above
10 W i^ fl^ I WH: |:f^T T : I <Jjf W TT^TW^K
situation runs as follows.
fc3T ? ft^ W R frR T ^ rT^TT ^ F fc r ft I^ T M F T W ffct
F=5^T%T ^TR^: I 1. W * ! W r r K -rN I^ I

?TK^T W^T SjcWT ‘ cTCT^' fc q ffrfK T ^ I j R T ^

H K < ^ ft: 4 k + M JKI<ts ftfrTWT^ 11 I .
cT*^ H W tI ^ ff tW T : , 3TWI^ 3T*fa^ 3 ? ^ : ,
^ ^IIH H ^ II
In the previous tesson of Parichaya we came to know
about TT^ftWT, 3i-=(H, SF^TPf and cTTFFT (Dividing the words,
Strong, composed Hanuman the best of the monkeys said
1. May you listen 2. Demon 3. With nails 4. having torn 5. in to the powerful Ravana the words pregnant with meaning.
another birth 6. he who took away Sita 7. Demon 8. wearing
3T«RT^RT
9. by name 10. Unbearable 11. returned
Carefully note the following points while doing Anvaya of
Eg. 3=r: + W : rWT + ¥R5 O T : + ^TTrT: ffSTT + 3Tft
the shlokas.
S%: + f | ftRjqiVt: + |frT *fRPT: + + 3Tft
1. Carefully split the words of the shloka.
3ll'in: + arf^T ?Rt + 3^ + srft H: + ■CT2W:
2. Find out the verb.
^T : + ?TT^I 5IWFIT: + ^
 8

3. Write common case ending words. Please commit to your memory the following verse to that effect.
4. Raise appropriate questions on verb.
qT ^ f^ T frfift^ T F T I
The words in the above shloka are split. The verb of the <T3 ^ T W ^ favR hR im ul ^ l f r II
shloka is 3TR which means "said". and
After having marked the verb and the words in the same
3M !I: are in Nom. case, ^TFFT, on the other hand case ending, construct a sentence with primary subject, object
are in Acc. case, and 11^ are also in Acc. case. and verb. The sentence of the above shloka would thus be­

^ ff^ T is an indeclinable. a r^ :, tPJ,

Now the following questions can be raised-

- told.
? = f fa n w : - Strong, composed Hanuman, the .best of the monkeys said
to the powerful Ravana the words pregnant with meaning. .
^ T :
3 ^: #£<T: ? = 3T5qn: 2. 3Tt I
w tt fw ra # ]; ii

#£?T ^
^

¥raT, f T O , I
T [W ^ = 3T «f^ -
? = ^rrfr^r

If the questions ^:/W H/fa*{ are put on the verb we get Oh, the king of demons ! at the behest of Sugriva, here I
have come to your mansion. The brother Sugriva, the mon­
the subject for an answer. If the questions are key chief has enquired about your well being.
raised we get the object.
3T^T^R T
And also, We get the answer consisting of the affix ^cTT
for the question ‘f% f^TT'
5TM: - (I) have come 3 1 ? ^ - has asked.
m T: ? = 3 ^ (**$&?[) ? = ffrfT: O ^ f)
When the question <£1^1*^ is raised on the subject or the
SIM: ? = H ? = ^TTcfT
object we get the adjective as an answer.
% STM: ? = ^ 3 B I^ ? =
In Samskrit both the adjective and the substantive will
have the same gender, number and case. 3 T M ^ ? = cR 30T^ ? = (^ V n )
JfM: ? =
 10 11

f^ rn : 3T^TT*f:

1. Generally in many shlokas single sentence comprised of Oh, the king of demons" ! At the behest of Sugriva, here,
the subject, the object and the verb is found, While con­ I have come to your mansion. The brother Sugriva, the mon­
struing the shlokas. key chief has enquired about your well being,

Eg. Like in the previous shloka <T 3- ^ |

In few shlokas two such sentences are found. In the vr»rf«ffqrf^cr ^ it
above stanza too there are two sentences.
q^f^T F T :
1. ariePT SIM: I
2. I §#T?T,
2. If in a stanza there are words denoting location then the ^ I
question should be raised on the verb.

Eg. ^ frFSfrT, STRTT^ TOfcT, ^T^fcT I

Please listen to the message of the noble brother Sugriva
In these sentences it is but apt to raise the question 5 ^. - meritorious and beneficial words will bring good here (on
the earth) and there (in the other world)
3. If 1he question of in its possessive case is raised on
the object we get the answer in the form of a person or a
thing to whom the object belongs.
Eg. STM'T STM:, ^ ’F^frT, 'TsfcT I - listen 3T^r - is
In such examples the question should be put on the object. *»: ? - (W{) (SRff) 3T^r ? - (^ r f)
4. In order to know the cause of’ the action, the question f% ^P3 ? - (^ ) #£?T
is raised on the verb.
(He) knows by hearing. ^ifN'W ? - HSWH: f5T ? - 15
(He) fell by running. 3^: ? - ¥TjJ: 3^: ^
In these sentences the cause of the question is known
through the question on the verb. fkmt
Keeping in mind the above special points and the general 1. Even this stanza contains two sentences.
points of the previous lesson the construing (Anvayakrama) 1. I 2 . T IW ^ (3Tf^T)
of the present shloka will be as follows-
2. In the absence of a verb a shloka consisting of words in
5fM:, M , Nom-case should be supplied with either srf^T or *RfcT.'
ffaT:, I The process is called 3T*4I$k .
 12 13

3. Adverb is the answer one gets when the question W { is 7. If there are more than one verb with each one form
separate sentences.
raised on the verb.
*T3fcT - ^>4 tT3frr ? ?ft¥ / * R [ H<i|cl 8. The question V with reference to the verb elicits
- s w ^ a rf^ r the location and words in the locative case.

srf^T - is capable of) 9. The question or ^FTT: with reference to the object
elicits an answer in the genetive conveying the one to
4. If in a stanza in the absence of the subject the verb
whom the object belongs, (eg. W o k ItI I
in II person is however expressed then the word
? is answered as 3TOFT I)
should be supplied.
I ^ 10. The question (for what reason) with reference to
the verb elicits as an answer, the adverb in the sen­
So in the light of the above special & previous general points
the present shloka can be construed in the following way- tence.

¥ 1^ :, IcHH: (M) 11. The verb Sff^T or 'HTfrT is to be supplied when there is
no verb in a verse and if the verse has words ending
n, W (^ )
in the nominative case.
3T^TT*f: 12. In a verse where the verb is in second person the sub­
Please listen to the message of the noble brother Sugriva ject r# is to be supplied. If the verb is in third
- meritorious and beneficial words will bring good here (on person ( s w p ? ) the subject a r ^ is to be supplied.
the earth) and there, (in the other world)
13. The question ? (how ?) on the verb elicits as an
Rules fo r prose order
answer the adverb in the sentence.
Following are the rules to be followed while giving the
prose order of a verse. Following these try to give the prose 14. When a verse has both a common noun and a name
order and meaning of Samskrit verses. referring to the same individual, the phrase ‘f% •TPT'
1. The words in the stanza must be carefully split up. should be used while giving the prose order.
2. Nouns, verbs and indeclinables must be identified. eg : f i15'7!: ^TFT «IM: arf^r I (There is a boy called
3. Nouns in the same case must be put together. Krishna) Here is a common noun. We have to ask

4. '^T ', and such other questions must be put ^ ? The answer is f^ T : lo
with regard to the verb.
15. When the word is used in a verse, the question put
5. The question V with reference to the nouns
also must have 5? (eg. 5^)
elicits the adjectives.
eg. THT ^ 3Tf^r I %^T: fW Slf^T I STT^: W f f :
6. The question 'f% (after doing what ?) with refer­
arf^T I In this sentences if we ask we get the an­
ence to the verb elicits the indeclinables ending in ^
swer TT^RT: 5^ I
 14 15

21. The indeclinables and the vocatives which doesn't suit

16. The question %^T TR* V and '^TT TF? V elicit an an­
the objectives should be set aside while giving prose
swer which refers to the person accompanying the
order.
eg. ^ ^ ! *ri T$T I
eg. TT*T: TT^ ^F^fcT I (therefore O God ! Protect me)
TFT: TfFFTT TTI JF^frr I In this sentence the word rF^ does not Suit to any other
Here the question to be asked are TFT: %^T TT| Tr^frT ? word ^ is Sambodhana (vocative case). These should
Ans. TFT: ^T^FFT TF? 'K ilc l I be set aside.
22. When the words *TTF^ are used in a verse and
W ? TftcFTT TT^ etc.
there is no verb, the verb 3rfr% or *TTfrr must be sup­
17. The question %*T ? elicits the subject ( ^ = iii'b ) and in­
plied. Though *RF[ refers to the second person the
strument ( w ui<IN<h) verb will not be on second person because of the rule

' I. TFT: 3FFT TFFT I

TFT: ^ R F ^ ? - ^FFT (^FT) 23. The question with the verb, elicits a dative in­
II. # T T M : fr^cT: I finitive as the answer. (Indiclinables ending with
TFFT: f ^ T : ? - TFT^T (^T T ) eg. TT: ’Tfoj fhllHM I
18. When verbs like "to send" and "to take along" are TT: f% ^ f^fTePT |
used, there will be two words in the accusative case,
one of them answer the question *f%' while the other
vs.
‘$ r ?
IftTT: 3M r 5TFT ^rfrT (cowherd takes the sheep to village). Pravesha lessons dealt with sandhi in Vowels. Let us
know about Sandhis in consonants.
jfFT: ^FTfrT ? 3R t ^nfcT I
When a Consonant is followed by either a consonant or a
%T: ^FrfcT ? JTFT I
Vowel, the change that takes place is known as
19. When prose order is given for (a feature »§r=wRr, and 31^*11 are four impor­
where verses have a common verb) the common verb
tant types of I
is to be picked out and the prose order given together.
Study the follow ing examples.
20. When the indeclinable is used, the question
'f w F ^ ' is to be put. ■H’l+l + ?TTf%: -
eg. srfTrT I
(This book is meant for the boys) - TTfr^R #
arf^r ? ^ ftoftt f t srf^r i
 16

When and the letters of WT are either followed by or

preceded 5M and the letters of W t , is replaced by tT V T P C rft"
WR and cR7! is replaced by W T. This is known as M W R T
I
Reg. No.

C. ^ T T ^ W J
A description of the boundary of our country in the
Puranas- jp w : <nsj
3 tTT < 5^1^ I jr ^ m
^ W e ft ^ ^RffrT: II 1. Complete the following sentence with suitable participles.

The land tha t-is to the north of the ocean and to the ?. sn?PF: - ^ I
south of the Himalayan mountain is known as ^TRcTW'f I The R. I
people of the land are called "Bharatiya".
3. jptfteRT: - 3T F rf% ^T I
V. I

2. Write the prose order of the following Verse.

TTPPm VTCfr*T ^ TR hra^ I

m H tff rRft II
- must read, w i - Mahabaratha.

♦♦♦
 CD - o
co
> 8 |
S
CO
?s I 3
0~T I> 33
Si
r-+
CD
5‘ CO
0)
co . > x
0! § 2
3. co 33
CD 00- ;*
2 C
0 O
O
o 03 3
o 3 =r —1 Q <
o ca
03. o > 1 CD
3
0
—I « D0 O O
{9 C1D s
ai = 5 °
33
3J 33
a>
CD o -0 ^ m CO
CO o "0
-nT oo
CJl o
2
a
m
z
o
m
 n wirsft u

^ T T T r ft

SAMSKRITA BHARATI
"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

ftTSTT - 3

II ^TFTT II

Mind is the cause of all the activities of sense organs.

-Ramayana

f^ fh T : T O :

S. f^ n T T :

3T) ( 5% # ) 1

The previous lesson taught the nominative forms <73^

(one who is reading, one who is going) and such other
participles. Let us proceed to learn the singular and plural
forms of the same in the accusative case. These participles
are usually adjectives qualifying other nouns.
Study these sentences.

?. fa n i

(The father was delighted to see the boy reading.)

The participle W rT is in accusative case as it qualifies the
noun I

S H IK 2
 2

H. 'jRT: 3R 3RWRFT1 ^ f^ F rT :2 I 1.

3. 3 T F W :3 arT^TtT ^ s^^RT: I ?. s^ifT 3 ®r arf^r i

V. TT: 'FRT *TM sfttTCIH? !
(The flower is blossoming in the garden.) Here the word
3 ®T is neuter gender. is an adjective to I There­
V. ^ F ^^ R T 5 ^ ^ffT JFJJT: STf&PRT: I
fore it is also in neuter gender.
$.. 9PRT 3ft 6 TFT: I
R. arf^r I
Vs- 'T ^ T * T ^ Wl\: H<?ilft<1=IH1:7 I
^ M 8 % 7RT f M ’M ^ fc T ^ ft9 I 3 . w : 3T tw r ^ arf^r ?

ST^RT W ^ ^ { l d = ) l 'i I v. arf^r i

? °. 3R F R T 10 3 ^ : S c q ifttH I-i" I H ^I'IK 1 *F? ?t®^ 5 ^ srf^f i

??. W r f ^Tm; 'jRT: SR'rftra^rT: I S.. ^T^FF^ 2^FT PhHS^ 3Tf?rr I
?R. s ft^ T :12 q ^q jj I \s. 5 ^ : 3 sqft qi% f^RT s ffa ; - ^ i ^ 4 arf^r i
U. ^ f t W : *H >?R 13 W T R : aTTf^fRI^ I 3TRnfr F ? p # r i
?V. ^ T : 4 M < *K 3TRFf: ^fT#RRT^14 I
<*.. JTFf qRTft I
?<\. ^ WcT: Mf^ctH. ^ 31 ^ FFFrfcP5 ?
?=>. T ifrr ^ ^fFnft 1
f t ^ T : |# T I^ ^ R T : ^% =(R l I
? ?. ^ vfhR H 5 FF? STfcP^ I
?^s. $m WRT W T O fSfT *?f ?ftra^T: I
n . 1
?<S. 3Tft^TftiT: f l f 3TTf^% |
? 3 . f^TR ^ an^Rrrg; m^ 1
n . f^K T : 3FTR;JF 3TT^T16 I
?v. <itI% 5R?rf% ^ i P r ^nR(itMi°ii 4<$ ^ ^hhR i i
r°. wi ^ s rt w* r 7 5rfcr ff! i
?k. F fF I 6 ^ 3T?pT TJ^rfrT I
3TT) Neuter gender - I and II case.
We already know that the word tT3^ is in masculine
2.
gender. This word becomes ^ 3 ^ in neuter gender. First and
second cases of neuter gender are different from those of ?. arrncT: 5 T ffH : ^FT ^HTf^r I
masculine gender. From third case onwards the forms of R. ^ ft'+.yRi 3 ® ^ ^RT: 3T3^f% I
neuter gender and masculine gender are same. In the
3. ITFR: ^ TT«TT 3TFRT ^ I
following sentences first and second cases of neuter gender
V. p T ^'F T f% 3TT¥TOTf^ ^TefT: t f f §^%7 I
are used.
1on seeing, 2wept, 3police, laughed, Spreading, 6deer, 7ran WTT^ ^ WM: ^ fRTTF^ I
away, 6butter, 9scolded, 10not knowing, 11made him stand,
1. In the factory 2. From the dam 3. Of the fire-place
12the boys playing, 13workers, 14praised 15respects, 16do not
call, ’Traveller. 4. Going upward 5. Bus. 6. Throbbing 7. Collect

S H IK _2
 3J$^ ^ cF^fT:9 «»frRl(cl I
ff: V d ^ K :
VS. $4<ffiW 3TR # ^ ^R hh’ W # ° I
tie. *r.
- 3 T R ^ Suffixes. sr.fi TcF# Mini:
ft.fi Md-dl
In the previous lessons we saw some sentences contain­
ing the words IT5^ (3 ) and ^ 3 ^ C ^ ) . The words like 3.f i H<Jdl
etc. are called 3T^tT (ending with suffix ?T^) ^ .fi M4^MIHs
Rules of (3RI) suffix
T.fi q3rf:
*T.fi TTS?T: qHWt: MddlH,
1. To express the meaning of present continuous or past
tf.fi Hifcl TT3rft:
continuous this SJT^FT is employed. In this suffix, only
| Md-dl ^ <J3nT:
3T7I remains at the end. This suffix is added to the root
of the verb.

ex - ^ (3 ^ ) =
sr. H'i'rfl HS-rl!
leR=l + ^ (m) = ta m
sfU + (3T5) = s£Wc( ft. M3nft:
2. This suffix is added to the hu ^ hR verbroots only. A suf­
I-
4<wfM:
fix ?TFT^ (in the same meaning) is added to SiichHhR
verbroots. (we are going to learn about this suffix in the
<T. qa-rMT:
<T. MtJTHl: .IN
coming lessons.)

3. This f^ x T word ending with ^ is used in three genders,

Mdrrfl3
^ mR \ HdMt ft Hd>^:
ex - - q 3 ^ (3 )
(Ffr)
Fi -
(^ 3 )
ST. H<Jt O HdRl
4. In each gender it has three numbers and seven cases.
ft. ^3^ Mdnfl HtiRl
(We will see the examples of these in the following
lessons.) (from third case onwards it should be declined like 3 H5W
Here all form, of 3T=RT word in three genders are given. word.)

(To learn by heart) All words like

f ^ t ^ ) etc. should be declined in the same
8. Not working. 9. Engineer. 10. Cause to fall.
way.

S H IK _2
 6 7

Note - The forms like 7T ^f% RksRI etc. may confuse you. V 'ifr lr H K - 's. a ? )W F ^ - W R f t , 3TT)W PTR:

To avoid such confusion please observe the following ex­ <i. 7FT%J^ I
amples and note the difference in the meaning.
^ - to graze, to eat, to roam
1. = They go (Present tense, First person plural)
ex. «tM<t>l: 7F ^f% I ?. , 3.
The boys go to school. V. -

■'iRd'Kfl, 's.
2. = going (5RRT, Neuter gender, STW / f e f k l plural)
- 3T) ^ i <i. f , <*.. I

Going Vehicles (The Vehicles which are going)

- to collect
are seen by me.
3TT) m I ?. fMtfa, r. 3.
I see the going vehicles. v. t^T: - f^TT - 5,. -

In the first example 7iw f% is a verb. In the second Rin^cfl, IV ^ -

(going) is an adjective to another word hmiPi (vehicles) <i. f^RTT - ftfoPT, <*>. I
and there is a separate verb in the sentence. Observing
all these things you can make out the difference between f%fcT ( f ^ l ) - to remember

these two examples. ?. fW rfcT, R. fo r^ rt, 3 . ^xT fW cT

3. = Going pr=RT, feminine gender STW, V. V. - fo p M I -

ex. 7T ^ r f t
The girl is going. 's . 3T) f ^ R T ^ ■- f a n T R f t , 3TT) f^xP F T F T :

(Here is an adjective to a word of feminine gender

(i.e. and is fWTTRT)
- to cut into pieces

tr^TFir^t • ?. RmRi, 3.. Rjsirl, 3. ^rFTfcT

TPT- To Count V. R s H : - R iH I - f ^ R R ^ * -

?. W lfrr, R. 3. TprfW rr 's. Rs'^,'1 - f^ ^ ft

V. ’Tf^TcT: - 7Tf^RTT -

S H IK _ 2
 m

8 9

! rl% I
s n w r fr T ^ ^ t: f^TT It

Oh ! lotous eyed king ! May you have in plenty of that 3RT1 «fltNi|iq I T R ^W T ^ SWT
form of karenu (she-elephant) with out karanas (sense
organs)
3Tnft^ I wm ^ in fir ffir >#CH: %T: 3 T T ^ I
3T?f: ^T: I
Answ er - From the word # 3 , if the consonants like ^
% are removed, the form that remains is ar+^+3: I «ftf«T: ‘*m I 3T^ l' ft
aT+Tr=^+3 : . g n j: so, the verse means "May you live long ^ M fc r w r*t i w m \ Hs ^
oh king". ft^fcTTT^I H H fS : 333: ^ \ * M IW 3TFIW # I M t5

V.
s f r p ’T: ^TT 3IFRR1^ I
■'TT?rf^mT1 W f t 2 f%rTFT I
i w m
# ^ ifc r =T W1 3#TT JTfrT>fafa4 II
3n^T?r^ I (TFT 3T^T I ^ ^Ffs?T W T rn ^ I
T ^T F T : -
3?3*fT: sfkT:, I W ^T 8 ^ftfrT I
%T:, 'TRT:, fcT¥:, ’TcFT:, ftrTFT I *T:, ^ I ^tfrTSFRT: “ sqrft:, rWT
tTFT, <J#TT, * # : , ^RfcT I ftfjTH: ?H|: |frT I 3PT *WlfS»IW: I m JrPIJrP11
< r w f^ - fN rf ffrT 3tF > ^ I

There are th re e w ays of sp en d in g m oney. C h a rity,

e njoym e n t and loss. A person who neither gives charity
a w c - J R ia w :
nor enjoys will loose his money.
The first lesson contained the prose order of “Anjaneya's I
3 F W f: - Advice" from Valmiki's Ramayana. Here we give
"viduraneethi" an extract from "Udyoga parva" of
flW T 3JFT ,JTfIT: ^TRT: - frRJ: ^HRPT: There are three Mahabharatha.

courses to money. Charity, enjoyment and loss. *T: ^[frT =T 1. another, 2. had invited, 3. to solve, 4. confidential discus­
?TFT ^ffaT ’TfcT: *RfcT - If a person neither gives nor en­ sion, 5. three, 6 . did 7. should be done, 8. help, 9. is getting
stronger, 10. should not be neglected, 1 1 . right and wrong.
joys himself, his money will take the third course, i.e., loss.
<1<il -+^3, ftM t+ ^frl, 3^Tfir+?fa,
1. fa?: + W f : 2. TRPT: + 3. *T: + q 4. + ^rfrT I ^ :+ ftf^ fT , 5 fSrf^::+^PM, f^T, ^ T + ^ # T :, JTC+3tf>WFT:

S H IK 2
 11
After twelve years of exile Yudhishtira, his brothers and
3TFT*T - bring
Draupadi spent a year in Viratas kingdom, incognito.
Duryodhana, in order to expose the Pandavas in disguise, ^ 3TH*T ?
ceases the cattle of Virata. Arjuna, along with Uttara Kumara, J^T a im ? n
fights the Kauravas and takes the cattle back. Duryodhana
claims that he has identified the Pandavas before the ^ i f t - I desire
thirteenth year is over and that as per their earlier ^ ^ I ^ * delay. *TT - do not
commitment they must once again go to the forest. Bhisma
then calculates the time and says that the thirteenth year has % I
ended. Uttara the daughter of Virata is married to
Dhritarashtra's attendant goes to Vidura and conveys the
Abhimanyu, the son of Arjuna. Yudhishtira then asks
Duryodhana to give his rightful share of the kingdom. But message. Vidura comes to the door of Dhritarashtra. Then
Duryodhana refuses to give. Once again, Yudhishtira sends the servant says-
Sanjaya for a discussion. Sanjaya comes to the capital of
Hastinavathi, meets Dhritarashtra in his palace and tells him 2 . % d s q iT ^ 3W T TTJRC ! <FT ^TTCRT^ I
that the next day in court he would convey the message of
Yudhishtira. Dhritarashtra is worried by this and is unable to s^ P ^ fffrT fa IRTTf^ I
sleep that night. He sends word for Vidura-
-

1. JTT^ I
I fa ITT II % C :, ST^STM:, TT%%

i
-

5T:**T^ m , *T5TW:, i£TCT^:, J # # :, -

15, 3Tm, ITT, II

Oh King ! As ordered by you Vidura is here. He desires
cTwfri; - to see your majesty (lit - your feet). Please instruct me what
Emperor Dhritarashtra told the door keeper- “I want to see he should do now.
Vidura, get him here without delay".
Write the Anvayarachana of the above verse. Study the
ST^PTT^TT -
rules of Anvayarachana before writing it.
5T5 - told
STfi? ? PTT^: - ^ On hearing the words of the servant, Dhritarashtra said as

#p T : ? follows-
5=T: #p T : ?
% m ? 5J:^T - 'FT

- order (verb)

S H IK _2 S H IK _2
 12 13

3. jm r c I eg. f^TT 4i^sfd, goes in the morning.

m f | f^FTTFT •TT'KWt ^TT5 II *]^frT - 7T£sf^ ? - %T

M<f^-HMi: 3FFT:

sfrfFT, % *, 3 T ^ f^ ftpFT, 3TW, =Tf fhkfWrq; (^ ) i

3T^T:, | 1*TRJ 3TFT %*FT 3T ^ 23^RFT: *T 3Tf^ II

<T1?T^ Write the word to word meaning of the above verse by

yourself.
Bring in Vidura who has foresight, very wise. I am never
unable to see him.
■'S.

y ^ h - Bring in
W»: ? ( < ? ) - ^ ?T^ + ^fa>T -
^ - spnf
^IT: (tf) +
#pt
^
3^: ? ^ f^ M H

* arf^T - | am not. In the above examples and WT are replaced by WTT

? a?^ and when they come in contact with the latter.
#£?T: 3 T ^ ? 3T^T:
c.
^FT ? f^pFT Stanzas to be recited in the morning.
(looking at the hands)
% *FT ? 3TFT
3^?: ? <Miil I
tM JWT II
M r:
Godess Lakshmi resides at the end of the hands,
1. When a shloka has the pronouns 3Tsj or ^ and has no
Saraswathi in the middle, Gouri at the lowest part. Therefore
verb, arf^T or FT: must be understood.
it is auspicious to look at the hands in the early morning.
2. If a verb has (indeclinable which indi­ (Salutations to Sun)
cates time) the question (when) is put in the SRPT |
1. Always. 2. Incapable, unprepared

SH IK _2
 14 15

&

*RT f^TFTt

^rft f l r w i ^ ^ T W ^ : li
Reg. N o .____________
Lord Suryanarayana is seen in the middle of the orb of
the sun. He is sitting on a lotus throne, wearing armlets, ear­
rings, (in the shape of crocodile) crown, necklace. He is shin­
m z : - jre^T:
ing like gold and holding Shankha and Chakra. We should
always meditate him.
1. Translate the following sentences into Samskrit.

1. A boy who was running fell down.

2. He saw a dancing peacock.
♦ ♦ ♦ 3. Did you see Maitra cooking ?
4. They caught the thief stealing.
5. Call the student who is running.

2. Split up the words and name the sandhi.

3. Write the of the following.

TTftoP^TTpr JJ3T: w u ft f # II

(People commit sin even for the sake of the body which
is the abode of all dirty things, ungrateful and perishable.)

'm ’rfa w i j f # *r^T3R: 1

ifhRTTTt 4»di <)^ul II
Some one follows the evil courses and many people en­
joy the benefit of it. Those who enjoye will escape; but the
doer is stained with the sin. (Think of the story of Valmiki).
)fn '\ -

II VTTTrT^ - ¥Rrft II

^ T fT rT ^ T K rfr
SAMSKRITA BHARATI
"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

ffo jT - 3

II vrf^rpaTRT 3T0#T ||
What is destined to happen happens everywhere.

^rfPT: TO:

f^rT T J

W ?q^ T: ( t + ’•S)
3T)
?. *F*TFf T ^ T T T O T *TT«T?t I
trf r^TT c^TT fr^Sllfiui*^1 ?
3. faMT2 f a 3TFT^: 3 T ^ : |
V. ^f?TT ^ T T ^ q fa jR T ^ I
\ . srfcrf^T WsftTT M ^ T ^ T tW : *FTOT«ftf<TT: I
S.. ^ TWIT 3%: I
vs. 3tTT f^lfern 3 # T f t W : g ^: TJJWT: I
<i. <TWT f^pTT >3%: ^ T ^4 I
’TFT ^RTT f a ftST fcTT I
? °. «ll^: f^T: I
??. §TT f% 5 5 frT ^ I
?R. ^ r fe: ^ r M :6 fa I
?3. «l%: W*W1 #^T: ^ 3T^TtW%7 I
?V. f M f^ F T ^TT: ^ T T : I
 ?$,. *T: ftra fe : ^3 % : *5 P W I ^ tfrT I
spft - to be born
?vs. '5TRf^ :10 3Tf?T #T: ft*PT: =T 3^4l(e1d:11 I
?<£. Wrf j f f o 3^3^ | ?. snq^, h. 3. qpFRt,

?<.. ^Frfe:12 ^%: ^T: T^T: I V. 3 j r a ^ ^TcT^ft, ^#RT5q% ^ 3^ vs. ^ fr^ T ,

R °. 5 ft frTMT 3RT S(^T: M ^ f :13 I 3^PT, £. '*IHHM:-RT, *.. ;5n?:-;5rRfT-^n^ I

3TT) ^ * l f - ,T S rift-'^ -;HTnft-f^RnT:

^TPJ - to wake up
?. «(M<t>iH Hii'fl ^ 13 1
r . w rn r 5 tzrf^r i ?. ^ IP lfif, H. ^TFT#, 3. ^ P ffW rT

3. 3 T ^T : 3TWHT: I v . ^ Fi f c r ^ - \. ^ F T te r^ 5,. ^ i j iR'3 ^ « . ^ h R k i ,

V. sfitert*T: ^ % « T : tIT5: =T I jR p rf, <s. ^rnr^-rft, <*.. -?nr-?r^ i
3TFT^T: *W *ftft: I
V 3 sC ^ :14 #TT^tf: I - to burn
's. aK1^ <H*ti<S*ix15 afF T^^T: s^TT^^T: $Rull: ‘i:frcTT: I ?. 'jWfcT, R. ^FTfcT
<i. T l# im f f e : TrfiT%^T:16 %Ts f^TfcP 7 I
V. '^feRRT^-=f?ft, 'i^ R T 3^ V vs-
<L fa«Md: 3 * ^ ilH M 3 ^^ I
<S. I
? °. 3 5 $ # : W m ’RlsCT ^TT: MTf^RT^T: I
??. «p|-: ftf^RT: |
^ - to fly
?R. ^R^FTT*? 3 ^ f ^ T t t f ^ H T ^P rf^T : WI4-(I*II I
?. V fit, H. ifW ,
?3. ^ S R f r f c T 18 3 T T W ^ ffe : I
?¥. 3RTf fffcT fl^TT ^Tlf^T I V. * 5 q j^ ^ f3 J ^ VS.

?<\. m 'W Q ^ei%3 JPPT FTR STT^^19 I 5W T:-JTT,

?5t. WT: 3TNTr§ ^T#f ^FtWT fTCT SI^TT I
?vs. ^q-sf W r f ^ 3 ^FTTf^r I - to sound

?.£. n w frT W ^ ’(<\o ) 3RT: I ?. ^$1, R. \. H^TfcT,

v . nR d=ii^-^fr, «<. «. jrf^arr,

1was acquired, 2smelling, 3barked, 4cried, 5wrestling, ecuckoos,
7are seen, Questioning, 9stood, ’“knowing, "is followed, ^bow­ 6. •if^d:-?IT-rP^
ing down, 13was prevented, 14Coming up, 15before, 16guards,
17afraid of, 18stealing, 19may get, 20spending.
 5
4
tfT M ^
3 . R id d le s A person though well versed in the various branches of
study is still a fool, when he does not put it into practice. He
wnr i
who practices what he preaches is a genuine scholar. A
^ ItH i it
mere mention of a good drug will not cure an ailing person.
Only when it is taken will be cured.
May you have the latter half and your enemies the former

half of the four lettered name of the enemy of the son of

Virajaraja. j llfrallfftl arfo - some are fools even after

studying the various branches of science. *T:
Answer- f%: - bird, f t l R : - Garuda, the king of birds R<M
fe p T - He who puts the knowledge into practice is a scholar.
TR: - Vishnu, the master of Garuda. - Vishnu's
HIW I^ T ail4<l«n^ * ^CtfcT - A good drug
son-Manmatha - Manmatha's enemy - Lord
cannot cure a person by just being mentioned.
Shiva, his four lettered name - JJcJSR: its former half JJr^: -

death - for the enemies of the king, the latter half - -V

victory for the king. 3TRr*TT n c.tH I

3Trft% 4>l4imsft1 II

V. ^ T T f ^ Write the q ^ T F T by yourself.

dlrM4^
fk*THT^ 5 ^ : tf4 I A person who knows the good and evil consequences of
a work to be done and can take a quick decision on an

*t 6^ t^ h h i ^ ii
urgent matter and knows what is still remaining of a work
done, will never face any difficulty.

3F^TT*f:
^TMTf^T, apfoq, arft, g ,. t
3TFRqf ^ ul<Hsf: - A person who knows good and evil con­
tf;, % artw*, ;n w H ^tfcr,
sequences of a work to be done <1^1H - who can
1

1 . ? m * # I + 3Ttffr*T 2 . 3Ttfr?T + 3Tft 3 . ^: + 3 , 4 . +

5. ^ 6. ^ftfrT +
S H IK _3
 6

take a quick decision on an urgent matter .

3T^r I 3TTT: tf: %g11 ^ §?PT: | foar W [ <TFM
one who knows what is still remaining of a work done f ^ T
•TTftpjjnl' ■ will never face any difficulty. ^ =T TT=®frr tl^T | w t TT^f 3 5 R ^R itk vrf^TKqrfcr I

Ri^Hlci) m5^ T :12 | <jf W ^ R l^ H M ^ ^ srfrfirm #

- ‘ R i^hh'M jfq T ft14' ffrr i ^ ?tpt

5 ^ 1S 5ffrr|TTWtn I 3TW: W NMI #T<TT I

■>T3rfrr" ffcT W53: I

sfofT ? 3 I ? I feFg cRTft*

^ 15: 1 ' j f ^ ^rprf*!2 i =t sttht i 3 ^ ;

FsSfPT SlfrT 5PTFF^ '63^ ^ ^ ,
H: dd= fIf^ d ^ h m nfrl I ^ ^ K 4 *T: 3TWW fcR T^ I

<FFT W ‘Ml Rid I I SPW *T 5 = ^ : I *TPT 3TW r*R jj | V ar^ T ^ w r:

3TFfT^ ^T«f 5RT S T q W " 33 ^ T % N 5Ri|Rld«il^ I *PTFTf^:

On hearing the words of Dhritarastra, the attendant
5# ^ ; ^ f ; I f^oR n® arf^r ^JTWFr 3 T % T ^ 9 W f :7 f? I
brought Vidura. N

3F R R ^ 3^?: ^TTcT I ' T fyi^s =T I

V. rfiT: 5 r f^ T % f r f c R T f f ^ R ^ I
WT ar^Fcii^ I rfCT8 ^ ^PrNrr I
313ifton^Rf5Pt fW < H II
5TRT^h Hi Rid :1 I J^RT9 ?r$g q ^ T ^ n n fiH 10 i arft %

1. conquest, 2. wife, 3. evil, 4. a number of times, 5. achieve 11. to win, 12. must be killed, 13. to mother, 14. I shall for­
6. the goddesses in pictures, 7. were speaking as it were, 8.
give, 15. killing, 16. began
haste, 9. mouse, 10. digging,
+ 3T% T^ b^ F : + =T:, °Wi + arft, <%? + 3 r f ^ + SFgst^: + "gsnwui: + ^T frT , ^ +
S;T + tfR)dl, f5fSrf%T: + h5PTTCT: + ?T + "yfci^llHS': + ^T^frT, + 3?^?^ I
''T+sf^T:
1. spoke, 2. with hand folds 3. worried

S H IK _3
S H IK _3
 8 9

W : - Gone
*IW: ? -
M :, af^PT, STSTfo:,2
f% frTT - ^T^rr
^ R flU ,3 I ^ - *TT^ - object

<uM \ ^-^rfcf - will tell

^r^frr ? - TT:
Then Vidura entered the apartment of Dhritarashtra and
f% ^^TfrT ? -

with hands folded addressed the worried king.

? - *3MrRT^t:

Write the prose order (^RPT) of the above verse. 5 ^ ?^TfcT ? -

5F^r ^^qfrr ? -
Vidura requested the king to command him to do

something. Then the king said the following words. 3T»^T;

V. SRTCt f c p ! JFrft TrtfocCT HT 1T?T: I ! S^FT: 5fTH: I JTT ^ I aR-Rmt:

W T TT: ^^TfrT II
3TSffiTW: n
Write the word to word meaning yourself.

h ^ p t: qr^vjfl-
TT3FT:, STTH:, 'l$Rlc=(i, % JTR^ W : , H :,
q- % jnEnf^t: i
m u, *T:, II

fa jrfW n

Vidura ! Sanjaya had come. He accused me and went

away. Tomorrow, in the court he is going to give

STFcT:, T F ^ * T :f *T, *TCT^ 9Wf%:,
Yudhishthira's message.
*rfR q #r, araffify m ft, *t, ara, ■
#RTT II
! Oh Vidura !
STITT: - had come
aTH: ? - TT3PT: - subject
*One who has no enemies - Yudhishtira
1. spoke, 2. with hand folds 3. worried

SH IK _3
S H IK _3
 10 11
r \\M \ Example - ^ ^TTfrT I

I have no peace of mind since Sanjaya has come from Ramesh says “I don’t see the book"
the side of Pandavas. My senses are wavering. I am deeply
^rafcT, W^TfrT ? -
worried wondering what he is going to say.
ft ? - 'g?Fcft ^ W nf*r' I

- Since 2/ * M : sfafcT' ffcT # T : 3Tf*% I

UTF: - has come Kamsa is angry that child Sri Krishna is alive,
5TTO: ? - - subject
? - qFStwT: arf^r, arf^r ? - # T : arf^r i
cRT: - (so) arf^r ? - #*TFT

5T arf^T - there is not #T: ? - ‘IM : tftfwT: ^ ||

ft ? - 5RTTf%:
3 T ^T :
f>FT ? - H'I'H:
JT^HET: ? - ^
W : tfSTT: T: m -. (?ffi:) JRtf: ^TTf^T I

? f % # r a ra fft i ‘f t ^ ?^rfrr' ^ anr 5rf%^n (srf^r )-1

'id IPi - have reached
W Tft ? - f f % # T - subject Write the word-to-word meaning yourself.
f t w f t ? - aTCffcT - object

- is
3Tf^T ? - SfftnTT
#RTT ? - ^
#RTT ? - 3^T When a classified consonant which is at the

#RTT ? - “ f t ?” ffrT I end of a word, is followed by either a vowel or a soft conso­

nant it is replaced by the third letter of its own
There are four sentences in this verse.
The twenty five consonants ......... are
?. m :, R. STCTTf^: ( ^ T )
called 37ffa°*T3FT. The last three letter of every (*T, *T, T-,
v. (arf^r) etc.,) and *1 I t f ^ and 5 are called soft consonants or
Note - When in a verse; there is a sentence in direct speech, the jjjpren r.
word 'ffcT' is added after that sentence in the ap^T I

S H IK _3 S H IK _3
 12

egs.
&
Learn to recognise the Sandhis in subhashitas and the
verses given for prose order.

Samskrit Through Correspondence

+ 3F?T: - 3 ?^ + - 3 R F f:

Reg. No.
c. W T ^ w :
Verses to be recited early in the morning.

% n
jr t:
Oh ! Mother earth ! you are having oceans as your
garments, mountains as your breasts, you are the wife of
God Vishnu. I bow to you. Please excuse me for touching 1. Make two sentences with each of the following words.

you with my feet. 3T) - ^d<rini

3TT)
jTSTT
?) - ^H dl
W j : 3Ttfr >
i) ^ - TOT

Brahma, Vishnu, Iswara, Sun, Moon, Kuja, Budha, Guru,

2. Write the prose order for the following shloka.
Shukra, Shani, Rahu, Ketu, - let all these gods bless me with
'TTM ^RR TO: hO h+ K N *TFT: I
a good morning.
f^TT: II

□ □ □
= Give the milk.

S H IK _3
s^-O O o

II *PT§ *TK?r^ - ^ STTOft ||

> T R ? ft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

f^ T T

II 3T5ro<n$'d*lRh: W t s f t ^ r f ^ R f ^ T t w r t II
Though capable; a man is mocked at when he doesn't
exhibit his capabilities.

J (Participles)

In the previous lessons the various forms of ^ 3 ^

and usage of MftcNI't, Jid«ms etc., were taught.
The present lesson aims to teach their feminine forms.

?. ^ T f^ T ^ jM I
The girl who is reciting the verse is Gowri.

As above try to understand the following sentences.

JTWrft ^fTrlT ^ ft I
3. s^I-st^)1 I
V. W W 2 W F ^: f^FT: I

^ W ^3 WZJ 31$ I

1. Girls who are playing,

S-E4
 2 3

f ^ F ^ r f f H R fSfT f^ T : I

vs. W T f t ? 3 T ^ ft: l^ fT 3 T t e : d f d d d ^ : I
^ - to get destroyed or lost
<i. T O ^ f t : 5 *TT: W T I
?. r. 3. H R i^ fd - ^ s * # ,
TO 3^T: ^ T : W - r 4 T 6 cRT § *T g t ^ I

?«. s r f t feisi'T^i f ^ r r f ^ T i VS. T O T , *.. ^ T % ^ -

??. W # T <=H<Hlft :7 ^ T ft: ^ W m *\ I

SR. ^ S T W R ftfiT : < f a + l f t : 8 <{ImT^RT:9 I

^ - to push, to prompt
?3. =Jc^ 10 ^ M lf t d lf ^ cO^diH, I ?. h . 3^?r, 3 .
? V . fa=T H^'Ht^I c T ^ I ^ <H cl I v. <*. 3 TT:-3 Tn- 3 TR , 3 ^ r : - 3 ^ T - 3 ^

jTRT^-Wcft, 3 ^ 1^ -^ rff,

cR R i a ^ f l ^ 11 W-TP-^T: f lf f ld <H cl I C. 3 cqTT-^T, ^ I

?vs. ^ > < ^ l : 12 % < T : T O T : 3TPTcT: I . ^3 • to spread

3T F F ^ r * T T : 13 s q T 3 TT: j jt t T ; *ftcTT: | ?. cR tfr, R. cPTcT-cTFT^, 3. d P M ft,

?*.. ^ R T :14 ^Tt: ^ <m I V. d t e q iJ - c R ^ ^ c^. c R T j- M T - c r a ^ V cTcRT^-cRTCcft,

H®. ^rS R qT: r p jq f : q ^ T R T < m I ^s. c F ^ - d ^ c T l , 6. d P lc 3 l-d T = ll, R d rH , ^>. d P l^ H I

R ? . Md^ftHT f ^ T t ^ T : * T ^ I cTT - to b u rn

H R. ^ F # T t + M ul i 15 ^ F f t $ ftc T : I ?. cNfcT, H. cFfit, \. d^Tfcf

V . c T H ^ : d ^ ^ fm ,; k . c m :, rTHT, V cT M T ^-dW cft,
R3. a ^ f H l d ^ N d ^ d l ^16 f^ K W ^ ?
vs. cfT^-cTFrft, <i. cfW-SRFT, I
r v . ^ r t 17 ^fe n d i s rf^r i

R<\. M d ^ ^T ST«FT P T R III > 3 ^ ? r*T^ - to leave

?. rH'Jild, H. rt'rMcl, 3. ?T^Tfctr
2. shop, 3. Sita who was taking, 4. female monkies, 5. cows-that are
V.
running, 6. by her who was recollecting, 7. by the women who were eating,
8. Washer women, 9. Panting, 10. the dancer who is dancing, 11. to the r^Tt)«mSi-rHrh^rfl, vs. ^vT^-^TvFrf!,
women who are standing, 12. of the lightning which is flashing, 13. of the
coming tigress, 14. of the cow which is running, 15. of the maid servants <i. rH 'trm -nR rH '^, I
who were chattering, 16. of the coming calamites, 17. Intheflowingstream
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 5
4

3F^T: -
3. W ^ T
*T: fm S : 3 ^T: I ^ ^
i l | i | ul 'Ft '*i4niHv I fssfrT cf^ ^ 5 ^ 1 ^ STTTf^ ^ ^ I
3TT# r?IM % 5FRlf^H: II ^pifrT 3 u^ $ d : I

Generally what causes the haughtiness in inferior

aT^PTT^: -
m e n ? If two letters are added in the beginning of this
word it means forest dwellers. What is it ? : - he, V: - who, pleases, f^TrR - his father §^ftcT:
- with his good conduct, 3 ^T: - is the true son. rft^- she, who,
Answer- TT: = Wealth.
- wishes, fs>dH ^ ■ only the good, : - of her husband,
If 3T and ^ are added in the beginning it is W T : -
is a (true) wife, he, who, behaves
meaning hunters.
equaly, - in adversity, ^ ^ - and in prosperity,

V. ^ R T f ^ T - ^ - is a (true) friend, ^ i f d - In this world, 3 ° ^ ¥ ^ : ' lucky ones,

- get - all these three.

2^ f t ? 3 fTr^vrwq I

^FlfrT ^■M’Jid l 5 ?T*T^ II f^ T f r ^ T # T ^ T ^ T f% t 1 I

a T ^ r^ t2 f^n^TH^'HKT: W I T :
M<Rr*rPT:-
f^TcR^ fl:, 3^ :, ^ *nf:, ^ ^TrfT 4.HIR& 3 f t W T f ^ T K ls R T f t ^ II

f^cl^ ^ (d , ^ 3TFTf^, 5%, q ^ T F T :-

^ w tfn, 3 ° ^ : , II

3#T, 3 q f ^ :, 3 ^ ? ^ : ,
dl M \ -
A true son is one who pleases his father with his good M ^ T T C T :, tK^)?TT:, ^T,
behaviour. A true wife is one who always wishes for the STftftklsIdH, II
good of her husband. A true friend is one who is the same
in adversity and prosperity. In this world the fortunate ?. ^ F f^ fg f^ :+ ’T0I5# tr :, fo p fa R :, 3. 3°raf^:
people get all these three. - wife, - Friend, - these two words (foTH and * 0=1*1)
are in neuter gender.
1. H:+35T:, 2. ^ + ^ 3 : , 3. 4. 5. 3 ^ kT: + ^ % |
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 6

jt ^ r f T : I A K + H ’ITT^ sftf^TFT SFTFTR; I W i t 2 I

Giving charity without making it known, extending hospi­ JTT% Tc*TR1 ilR K ^ I^ I^ l3 I S K ^F F T t ^ c f f t s f ^ T 4 I
tality to guests when they arrive, doing favours and not
talking about it, praising others openly for the favours they
have done, not being haughty in wealthy and never accus­ * m ^ R T : I iT W I
ing others while talking about them. Who has prescribed w ^ 9 s f s f t 10 3%r11
this tough vow of walking on sword edge to noble men ?
(These are virtues that are naturally found in them). SFTFT I *J*pTT c ftr# cf

^r^i'PRTT:14 ||
3 T ^ T :-
s ftfP s q W F fffrT F tT :15 S f^T:c I j f o f l T t 16
M fc^T j f t f ,
3TR ^ I sftf^TF T « W d N ^T17 TRT
WT % f ^ T W T T T :,
3*3%: ^ S ft^ T :6 I
wn ?
M cT I 19^ K = l M

g fo fk p r i g fr f& fts ft 20 s f t f M 21i f i ^ i f o P ^ H g i

- Donating in secret, ^ 3 W T ^FHJTf^T: M : * $ s f t 22 W T W T ?rfcr STf^TcTT: II
attending the guests with great pleasure, fiN f^TT
- to be silent after doing a favour, ^ -
announcing the help (done by others) in an assembly, After listening to Dhritarashtra, the wise Vidura begins to talk-
’ not feeling proud of rich T ^TT: -
talking about others without the touch of insult, ^
3T^^Th ^ R r fT I
s r f ^ K is if l^ - this exceedingly difficult task like walking on
f?TR ^ rrftR ^ K ^ I ^ i l Q ' JRFfTT: II
a blade, flclT ? - who taught to the saints ?
b. having crossed, c. spread, d. immediately, e. left for, f. having
climbed down, g. embraced.
«hi<*4«hsrr ^ I, 3. uf^T: + ^ + I
V. TR ptfft + 3Tf^f I, k . cRT: + it I, ^ + S ift I, vs. 'TO : + 3Tft I
C. ^ I, <4.. W <T: + t I, + Stft I, 1R + ^ I
n . W : + 3 T O ^ I, f ^ T : + q g H T ^ R P fl^ I, ?V. ?rf^: + I
| ^ * n ^ T :r + 3 W R |W tT : I, jM f t: + ?'s- %
'■+ THT I
?<:. # ^ 1 : + ^ I, n . s f lf M : + + 3 ^ # f , Ro. jfSrf^C: + 3 # I
a. attendants,
?. 3FrT:yf%^: + ^ I sft^T + 3TTfMWH, h r. m + srfr i

S-E4 S-E4
 8 9

q ^ f^ T P T :- 3 T ^ -< tRT-

^ 3TRf% - do not know ^ n R l - know

3 T T % f% , SRFTCT: I % ^ ^THt% ? - ^ % 3fH t% ? - ^
% ^ 'jfR 'R t ? - fc *T ^ 1% W Ht% ? -
rll rM4 -Hlj
3^: ^FT fc R ; ? - 3TFT
A weakman with no aids, overpowered by a stronger
one, a man who has lost his wealth, a man who is given 3 ^T: ? - H R dH. ^ q c f - is told,
to lust and a thief suffer from sleeplessness.
^ ? - # tc f: ? - WT
Write the of the above verse. qf^tcT: ? - *T:

<i. vo ^ vo <t*tt i
VS.

v.
tR fa W T :-

'FT&f, cT^TT, 'l?<=l4*^ When a classified consonant is followed by an

3 n *m , i j p f y fs s ftr ii s n p rrfa W ’T (the fifth letter of any 3*f), it is replaced by

the of its own
rT R ^ H ;
Examples:
How can you wish for prosperity having entrusted all your
wealth to Duryodhana, Shakuni the son of Subala, Kama and ^ + f ^ T J T : - sn^R T T :, ^ + 3^ : -
Dusshasana ?

Write the of the above verse. Recognise the aiJH lR l+uR Ts in the verses.

V fc*T ^ T F ff^ JToT JTf^rT ^ I

frT W F T ^ T H Q ^ qf^tcT ^T?T II
(i) If is followed by any consonant other than
mi : - 3fFT, The rest is easy. and ^ then will be replaced by the
o f the concerned consonant. (The fifth alphabet of each

A person is considered wise when no one knows is the a ^H lR )+ eg. the of w f is T-)
what he is going to do, what he has confidentially dis­
missed and the decisions he has arrived at, but knows Eg. 1 . ct + + tlR = r=tf-<lR
only what he has done. 2. ar +

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 10
11
3 . 3T + ¥ : =
6. ^ m f ^ :
4. t + ^
When the excluding the is followed
5. Wi + <T: = ^ T ;
by (first two alphabets o f and 5T * H
6. + rffcT: = ^FrffrT:
5 ) then the earlier would be replaced by the
(ii) If is followed by then is to be first alphabet of the same
replaced by V. The of i.e. will be
Eg. 1 .
replaced by i.e.
2. * T g fo ^ + M c T = J T ^ f^ M c T
Eg. c ^ + M := ? T ^ T :>
3. 3 ^ +
R * i * i + f c t = R s.i (cl
4. 3TK^ +

When JTOR at the end o f a word is followed by a When ?RT( preceded by is followed by
consonant; then the W will be replaced by or *T, X, & then is to be replaced by W3TR.

eg. + ^ = TFT ^ Eg. 1. ^ + f^Rf: = + f^R : - a p ^ T ^ T :, I r l t l R T : *

?TFrf^ + <TFT^ = 3TRT + f^ T : = - ^ T f^ :
2. tT^ + w l t i : = cT^faT:
sgaH um R :
3. ^ + 3SfRT: =
If °T and immediately preceded by a ^ and is
followed by any ^ then the Z, *r and * gets duplicated.
When H+K at the end of a word is followed by ^ o r ^
Eg. 1. S rT ? + •3fT?TfT = STrTf^TclTT
then *i«hK is to be replaced by preceded by 3|*fRTC.
2. 5 ^ + f?T: = §J|uuf)4|:
Eg. di-^ + ^ = cfNr
3. = ^ r^ rf:

4. + ^T : = v p r^ R T :
When h + k at the end of a w ord is followed by z o r 3;
(There are somemore Some sandhis then H + k is to be replaced by preceded by
have been given here for your information. These are
Eg. 1 . + <^l4icl = m ii^ 'b d
not included in the cyllabus for the examination.)
2 . <TT^ + = cTTSff K l ^
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 12
13
When at the end o f a word is followed by <T or
&
then the T O is to be replaced by T O ; preceded by

Eg. + cf^r = ^ IH ^ K I

Samskrit Through Correspondence

Reg. No.
When ^ z, rT o r 7 is at the end o f a word and is
followed by then ^ would be replaced by IT, ^
or *T respectively. f^T^T - V

E g .i. , , w :
o ™ ^ ^ ^ e tc ls
^ replaced by ^ q. f JT^TT:
3. H + = W I: e t c . d u e ,0 T O R l f t :
4. 3PJ + = a T S Jjfl; ft
^ \ - Refer TB:) 1. Split the following words and name the Sandhis.
5. ^ + ft =

<*♦ W i i r l % w r : 2. Translate the following sentences into Samskrit.

a. Look at the coming elephants.
(while bathing) b. There are fish in the flowing rivers.
c. Move away from the falling stones.
d. The women seeing the picture do not know the time.
e. He fell from a running train.

Oh River Ganga, Yamuna, Godavari, Saraswathi, Narmada 3. Write the substance and 31-W 'M i of the following verse.
u, Kaveri, Please grace the water with your presence.’
(At the time of receiving Thirtha)
f^ H F T WU I

^ n ^ h fh r W i n f^T T ^R T ^ II
When our body is worn out and seized with disease, only
medicine is the water of Ganga and God Vishnu is the only Note
physician. y
Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper
4* 4* •b and send it to us.
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 ■f^rT G F f c fa : f e l 'q ^fc T w f t I

1T R T W R T ^ r T rfW r II

W ealth, relations, age, work and education are

no doubt indicators o f status; but am ongst these,
the succeeding indicator is more valuable than the
preceding indicator.

TTT^T ^XHT^T: |

God helps w here in these six occur - effort,

adventure, courage, intelligence, strength and
valour.

W T ^r%TTT T^TPT ^ f c H # c T I

^ ^ W T ^ T T f^ R T ^ ^ % g * rf? T II

A chariot does not move on a single wheel only.

Similarly rto work can be achieved only by looking
tow ards Fate. Hum an effort is also required to
achieve any task.
 II ^TRrft II

^ T F fT c T ^ T T T r ft

W T ^ rc ra n T T

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

f?T%TT
II srf torrniTRH T jnTFT TOT ^fcTJ II

The Vedas are the sole authority for those who

desire to know dharma.

(q a p T : VTZi)

<=RnTT: ( P a r t ic ip le s )

The previous lessons taught the forms of tT3^

etc. in the seven cases. Another set of participles
giving similar sense is 3^TH: etc.,

eg. PlsU I
The boy went to sleep while reading.
tffaT O TTH T ^ 7T?racft I
Trembling Seetha went with Ravana.
Let us learn other words like f^TRRT, in different
cases in the following examples.
 2
3
?. f t # aTRT^t 5 T + I*W M : ^ 5 : |
Rules of 3 1 suffix
^ e ll^H i + H * i h i : I^TT: f ^ ; ^ | ^ Q 1 I
The suffix 3TH\ is added to the verbroot to
3. T O : ^ * T R P f * I K ^ ^ m 2 Sq^ l ^ \ mean the continuous action (In this suffix, only
V. ^R «T : W ^ H l'i 3 | 3TR remains)

<\. W T F R T R # q 3 ^T 3 | I
ex:-
SfTCcr - S f m R : / ^ / ^
^F f STN: W t& |
The words ending with 3TFT\ are adjectives and
vs. * R ^ T W T H F T 4 f iW F T 5 a p q ^ ? f t 1# I
follow the nouns in gender, num ber and case,
<S. T O T ^ : % % « T : W i: f l f $ *T f% | ex:- +HHM:
F F ^ H I< ft6 1 ^ 'TfrRTTf^T I W M

? * . 3511 ^ T ^ « T : *T T ^T : JfTT: *faTT: |

??.• W I ^ 3TR W TFT ^ T T ^ q This suffix is added to ailrH^hR verbs only. To

LlR«lf^d=f'^1:7 | express the similar meaning ^ suffix is added to
verbs.
H W T T ^ F ft8 ^ 1 4 R ife: a ^ j - I
See the difference.
?3. *W JTOT I JTfH^ 9 arf^T | rtr - ar^: - Running horse
? V . f f : ?c^TcT:10 ^ T R T ^ j 11 ^ f T ^ f : ^frT ¥ H T ? T ^ I *TRcf - qN^Ml - Begging woman

?<\. WTM’HM'HI R k l < ^ M I f R a f^ q r I

t o h R :
?V a n ^ H H F n % 12 sr^rf^T: j i
- to save
S's. 3 | W T M : # q T :13 p ^ i M * : 14 aTc*RT ^ffa: | ?. R. 3.

T m ^ a T T W T R N T : ^ftcfPTT: ^ R T ^ftfrT: I V. =nfl:-cT T -<H , ^ n y .-u n -O T ^

1. as though shaking, 2. having raised, 3. growing up, 4. desiring , <. ^FTW R -^ft, vs.

5. to a miser, 6. shaking, 7. turned away, 8. those who are striving, ^ fT -'T fc T N , I

9. in the kitcen, 10. from one side to another, 11. rope, 12. thinking,
13. a female hawk, 14. young one of a parrot.
S-5
S-5
^ - to punish v. ^pnfan^-vs
?. ^ q j% , R. 3.
q^ ^ w : q rp fa ^ T : ^ p - r f^ n M s q %
V. <\. ^ t r T t - c T T - ^ V < f^ d * H < -
uw i^rraj1 w ^ ^ w jrT : H p rff^ rr^ 2 % i
5Rft, vs. c. ^ f q 'r - jl- q f t ^ , S.. |
^ s lf t 3 i n ^ T T W : H F T k P ih Q %

^ - to burn %§ 15r «Nj q rf^ rr ^ ^ n

?. H. ^ f , 3. q^ fo m :
V. K. ^ :-« IT -« m , ^ S R T ^ -c tft,
TfW T, UWMI:, g,
'». *» ^ T - t ^ T , ^ I ^pjcT :, ^PTWr^T, *T, cT, apft, i^W ^TT:, q t f ^
- to substain, look after WTOfa, fa s rf% , *T, *T, 3 , c rf% , q tft^ cf, %,
?. ^qrrfcT, H. 3. TOfcT, II
V. <*. ftc T -c rr- ^
rllH|4l^
vs. ^ - c f t , ft^ T -q q rq , s.. q i p ; i
Those who help others setting aside their selfish
^ - to meditate ends, are the noblest; those who help others without
? . WTNfcT, H . s q iq ^ , 3 . «m=qfcT, upsetting their own ends are ordinary; thpse who
V. K. t-qTrT:-cTT-cf^ V e iT c R l^ f t, harm others for their own selfish ends are demons
vs. a r r a n t , i in the guise of human beings; and those who harm
others without reason-well, we don’t know what to
3. call them.
W ! f a FTTr^ ? ^p fftF T § ^T t o ? spqqt
ar« R T ^ P + R h tfR ’ ? 3 T # : f a f a ^ ^ || ^ q f w ^ W*fcR^T: ^ I^
How is a king addressed ? Who was very dear to qTT«f^ ^TPPJcT: (U&) 3 «IHHI: I ^ WRlfq qrf|cT PlMfnt
Sugriva? W hat do poor people wish for? W hat do the STfft TTTjqTT^TT: I *T 3 q ^ T f t # * cT % ? 1 I

distressed do? Give one word answer to all these. apqqpf:

Answer - <^fdKi^R^-^, cTTCT, q^-these are, -noble men, ^-w ho, mRch-^4-
- Worshipping God. sacrifice, their own ends, W*fqe<t>i:-and help
1. f^4uRr: 2. 3.
 7

other, 'HIHMi: g-ordinary people are those, ^-who, get cooked rice, some where he may w ear rags
^FPJcT:-toil, w fc^-for others, without and elsewhere expensive robes, he will still not
upsetting their own endeavours, ^ 3Fft-here are, give up his pursuit.
JTT^W^RTT:-demons in the garb of human beings,
3T^rar*fi
who, P ih R -d estro y , '-K^ci^-others ends, wrafa-for
somewhere, may have to sleep
their own ends, ^ 3-those who, *=Tf%-destroy,
on the ground, arft ^ f^f^-an d elsewhere,
others ends, without any purpose, ^
H4*?m:-he may get a couch to lie on, ^f%^-in one
% 'Jii'fhVwe do not know who they are!, (Even
place, ?iicM$K:-he may get only greens to eat, srft
language is powerless to describe such
^ ^fac^-and elsewhere, ^TT^TY^T^1%:-he may get rice
monstrosity)
to eat, ^f%^-in one place, ^F^TT^t-he may have
only rags to wear, arft ^ f^%^-and else where,
RoHiH<.*TC:-he may get a good dress, *H^t-a brave
? ;f ^ m i^ K :2 ^ i man, ^FTM-who is in pursuit of something,
^ R<*n*«HN^ 3
^ wrfcT-will never mind the hardships nor
^ F T M 4 JT W rfrT ^ II will be carried away by comforts.

T 5 [ flw r : /
^T ^R F ^T T
arf^T,
3Tft, ^r, SlI'c^U'WRl:, ^T T ^T tr, 3Tfa,
R ^ i h w : , jR ^ t, wrfrT, %-M, ^ , p p jji $ f 3 f ¥ k : , 3TFT^T: I
^ W M W H IH , TR ^W T: I WTf%f^T:
dlcM^
^RTOts^ 3 I W IF T H 4 |fcT I '?TT
A brave person devoted to his duties does not
mind discomforts, nor is he carried away by ?. + 3?ft -
comforts. In one place he may sleep on the R.
ground and in another on a couch, in one place he 3. - f^PftfRr:
may get only greens to eat and else w here he may V . qFTFT + 3F% -

2. ^ uRT: 3. 4. (^f+3T«ff) \ . f t f t : + arf^r - ftip ftfR r:

S-5 S-5
 8

^ s i :6, 5% ifrs f fTd H ^ (, cfcT: f ^ W : ^ gS ^ I clFT

q f t ^ H T ^ 23 3 tftt# t I'M q te ^ e |:fa tr r : i

^ftf^TFT g^T? T O ^ SRTdKI^ ^ SR^fq^ | ^ 1 1
RlUHIrtV4 3^rf^P T ^ R d ^ l^ I ^T: ^PHHHIcH f^TPT
g f t f k : f« « |fq |
^ T “ Rl^HW: *£ :, tf: $ & m A I WW
W N T fcfT ^ftf^T F T tJ^TT % % R : f ^ J W t 12 HI ■M 13 a I
W ' ffir i ^ g ^rr w r f a : i *r25 ^ m g r i * i
| R i^H ltf: *ffaT2r 15
3 ^ f r c£T: % W ^ i w ( , s ftfM ^ T F ^ x M F l26 I &
i l l % ^ i ^ ctl't. I <<;ffaFT, JilM'Hb, 4 k fM , fT&WT 'J^TT
^T ^JTT: fftcfT : I ^ : s rfrT ft|W ^ I 3WT$ffaT: 3^FT
3PTfaR%T16 ^fT I 3Tq ^ft^Ffr17 f«TF#rr:c,
I 3 ^ $K I ^tfWTFT f^ T i^ P T =W
^chIV ^ c!18 | =)I<R<^: STJtT: I cT^T ^ R f f19 ^ T :
~SrS^t I c^T R i^h i^ 5fT^9 |
f^T F T f d ' t l ^ I 3 ^ T f l l ^ W : 20^IH H I-H t{| 3 ^ ^ 21 d |
tf22 W qftrq^T ^f^fcT: I ftr^W 'T ^T T : ^jTTT: 3Tft ^ f ^ ldl: I 3TM^T Rl^HW'l 283JcT: I ^ R R t 3 ^ 3 ^ 29 II

+ 3 ^ ; - f^ p f^ T ;
3 P ^ T ^ n 5 F iT :
^>. + w f: - "
<S. ^ R : + - ” ’
?o) % r f^TRTfrT f%T 3J^ftfrT
*.. sfrf^T: + ^ - "
f ^ T R =^Ff ^ I
|frT + STWP^ - ^ - hRT:
??. <TcT: + 5 f¥ k : - fopfaf^T:
?R. f^ J W : + ^ - ” W^TFT j m qfSlrTFT II
?3. *T + 3TO^T - tf,
?V. *T: + ?frp*THI - f^ lflP T :
^ - (T O W f# ? :)
?5.. spfhw r + - yrof^T; HV. f ^ J W : + ^ - ”
?VS. ^#JT: + |sm%cT: - %pfaf^T:
R\. S: + -
?£. ffcT + srf^F^ - ^ ij1'HRT:
hs,. - ^x^rf^r:
?*.. ^T: + arft - ^ [ ( ] R :
R<=. + 3 ^ R : - Juw R r: RVS. ^ f ^ T : + ^ I 3 ^T - f ^ m R r : +
R?. ^JTrT: + 3 T ^ - ^ i ^ P f:
f ^ W : + ^T : - f^ p fd ^ T :
HR. tf: + - ”
5 ^ + ^Tpn^ - ( t c w M R t : )
a. could not bear, b. cowherd, c. one who becam e grey haired
without achieving anything, d. mad,
e. having foreseen, f. praising, g. struck
S-5
 10 11

mi : a r^ T :
A ^ H lR l, ^FTtfcT, f t f M , 3 ?% , ? ) f^TST R ^ M l f r l I R ) ^FTtfcT I 3 ) fo lT N ^ P T R T ^ * f ^

^ ^ 3^% , gun, S W J, I V) 3TCPJU: ^ ^ 3 ^ % I \) ^ WW

^f^lcTFT II *5 H T R ( ^ f r T ) I

rU M \ ? ? )^ ?T ^ I ^ T h l M ^ d l I
The signs of wisdom in a person are his quick l ^ ^ r f l o y j l l i'M lA li II
grasp, his patience in Ustening to others, he has no
greed for money, for he knows what money is nh ffe :,
like and he never talks about others unless he is 3fe»mT, 3r$KT, II

questioned.

3F^qT^FTT An arrow shot by an archer may or may not

f^Mifd - understands kill a person. The intellect of a person is capable
^ f^THlfrl ? - of destroying a whole nation along with its ruler.
%[uil fn - listens

- may kill =T 3T - may not kill

*T - does not talk
^ ^31% ? - 3 T ^:
3>: ? - 13: - subject
13 : ? - JrP:
^ ^ 31% ? -
p f: ? - qjsqrTT
'T ^TcT - does not acquire
t
t q ^
- may kill
? jfe :
$c=ll ^
Op
*1^1% - is
V (l\ ? - w m + h ,
f% ^ i - s n rft
3^: ? - '
3?§£T ? - 3feMT
^F T RfTRT^ ? -
cTc^ - that * - sign
S-5 S-5
 12
13

W rite the word to word meaning (SR^T*?:) of

the above verse.
A verse to be recited before taking the meal.

s T R lT R iT fW P i f^T^TT ^ f | ^ TF^fcT II
Any change occuring in a visarga when it is O Parvathi ! M other Annapoorna ! Beloved wife
followed by a vowel or a consonant, is known as of Lord Shiva ! You are always full (of good
visarga sandhi. Visarga undergoes four types of qualities). Please give me alms to attain
change. knowledge and asceticism.
A visarga- 1. is replaced by 3^R To be recited after lighting the lamp in the
2. disappears
evening.
3. is replaced by ^
4. is replaced by *P?R
4lm tl JTtrff* t l l ^ - i l f r i H 4 l ^ II
1) A visarga preceded by 3T^R and followed by
Lord Brahma is dwelling at the bottom of the
either an 3RrR or a (a soft consonant) is
light, Lord Vishnu in the middle of light and Lord
replaced by 3^R.
Shiva is said to be at the top o f the light. O
e.g. TRf: + TRT + : +*3Tft
Deeparaja ! (King of Light) I bow to you.
v^hen visarga is replaced by ^3^R
Tm + s + s rfr
W hen g w R r takes place
<ih1 + •b 4 *
W hen takes place
TRTsfT

In the same way becom es I

Note the sandhi recognised under the
Subhashitas in this lesson.
S -5
S-5
 > rr r^ ft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

Serial No.

- <\
W T : TRT:
5T^TT:
I. Make two sentences with each of the following words.
^T T , fosRt, I
II. Translate the following sentences into Samskrit.
1. The fruits fall from the tree that was shaken.
2. Jatayu was grieved .to see the trembling Sita.
. 3. Go away from the falling stones.
4. They gave a prize to Parvathi who is singing.
5. Do not scold the oldman who is begging.
IE. Write the and 3FMT4 (word to word meaning) of
the following verse.

^ f r f ir w p i

(Now, somehow I satisfy the learned with the bits of fame

of Rama (Rama’s famous story) sung by Valmiki. Do not the
people offer oblations to their manes with the water of
Ganga brought to the earth with the effort of Bhagiratha ?) Q

r NOTE : Please write the answers in a separate sheet of ^

_______ paper and send it to us. J
ffr (t) - V, •fW- ?,«««•
 II ^ vmrfT II

*TTTrft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

ftn & r

II rTT W l M r J T ^ r II
Restraining the senses is known as Yoga.

(~ W : T R fT )

f^ rT T : (Participles)

You have learnt a few participles in the

previous lesson. You will now learn ^Rnn^PTs
such as 3TPM, and tm^ hchsi' tis like ^dm-t,
etc. Study the following sentences-
?. 3T3: 3 T T ^ ^ q f^ T I

Sitting on the chair the boy listened to the radio.

^ ^ M q 1 4)Rdc|l^ I
v. W w2 i
m : %%^TT: f e r f ^ 3%FT3 I___________
1. drinking, 2. having shattered, 3. having laughed,
 2

V WFTT: snw^t f?T^RT: I If the verbroot has short vowel at the end, *T
vs. f^ F f4 W S ff^ R T : I becomes c*T.
<S. ^ R T ftlT fc q WfT: F f f f e r T : I - f t \ + an + f + = ftT T frq
<*. W£c*T5 3TFRT TFRT: a r f a r t ^ R T : I TO + f a + T O te =
?o. | q f t R T ^ : •J fX J IIil^ W t o t a t v te ^ x T : I W e already know that - adding the prefixes the
??. W T # ^ftrTT q M ^ T cT^ f f t e f t I meaning of the verbroot is changed. Therefore
?R. W T fcTNTT^6 ’JIH T :7 a rftfa dlfed^cfi I 3rTRT - aFTC (indeclinable ending with ^ T ) may
?3. ^ r a ^ r n 3 ^ 1 arr^FT j t m s rfta ft8 i sometimes give different meaning than the
?V. ^ R T ^ T I^R T F T aTT^*? ct crf^fcT^rft9 I ^-H-dioq-q (indeclinable ending with r*F{)
t<*. tffaT ft# F T W : i f t ^ r R c f t I
'3^T-
?$.. f^PT: 3M W TT ^ R r * T : I
tmt = After going, 3tfm = After coming.
?vs. ^TFPf: <fic*Tft a r ^ t o 10 a r * T : '% ^ T : I
frTT = After doing 'Tfcfr*T = After refining,
U . WTf^T: Sf^T 3 W fo% <T^T: I
^ r r = After giving 3TRFT = After receiving.
n . W : W fr 3R^raq iftcT ^ W < ^ : I
= After taking away arftK = After bringing.
Ro. # W W[\: I

R u les o f th e s u ffix ^ 4^
= to protect
W e know that the suffix ^ T is added to verbroots
to m ean “ After.” (After going, after eating etc.) If
V. <\. ,Trfe5cT: - cTT-rR^ V H lfcX I'll'^-
the verbroot has an 3 w f (Prefix) the suffix is
Wcft, 's. 'TTeF^-nft, 6. w ft^ T -a n w r, I
replaced by suffix c*P{Jonly *Tremains here).
= tfrr^T - After drinking = to protect
?. < r# , h . w ti, 3. w r f t ,
ft + + ( ^ T = &VQ = f t # T
V. <\. TRT: -?TT-rR^ 'TTcTTR^-^cft,
sr + s + ( ^ r r = = s^r
vs. qMT-qfHFT, I
4. having torn asunder, 5. returned, 6. (the boy) who
misbehaved, 7. inside the house, 8. strung, 9. abused,
10. plucked, 11. watered.
s -s S -6
 5

35 = to look after V. ^
K. 3^ 1^ , R. 3^ , 3. HifWd,
ft
V. ^ 3 f^ :-c T T -^ ^ 3 to T ^ -^ fr,
?t 5m p i 1
vs. 3 ^ - c f t , 3 f^ T - 'T t 1^ T , q f ^ q - q f a r H *.. q t f t p j
a T M l^ W T ft 2 frTFT
3 ^ = to sanctify, purify t r :3 q if ^ t « h < iP iV 11
?. 3^TTfrT, R. ^tcT, 3. qWcT,
q^f^TRT:
V. <\. 3 rT :-rT T -^ V 3 < R R ;-3 rfr, vs.
q j # ^ q , arfr, ft, Wf%:, ^
3^ - c ft, q ^ T -^ r, <**. q % ^ 1
3T% ^q, 3Tft, fRTFT, q%:, 1, 3HT:, f i^ T : , *nf% ,
= to please + < lfH II
? . Sfr^nfcT, R . 5facT, 3 . ^^TfrT,
rT W ^
V. <\. Sft?T: -cfT-cTU, V S fa R T ^ - ^ ft , vs.
The virtue of courage of a brave man cannot be
erased however much he be worried. Though
pointed downwards the flame of fire does not
3. j ^ pst - ^
point to the ground.
"J^TFTT f% jfhfi f% TT I
3F9RTFf:
^ aTTI^RTqi W t l : II
q ^ feq T ft - Though worried, *Hf%: - a brave
W hich is the word used in the sense of good ? m an’s, *N3°T: - virtue of courage, SRl$^ - to erase
W hich word means a man ? * ?Ffq% - impossible, 3TMlptFT f^FTTft - although
W hich was Balaramas weapon ? pointed down with, q%: - of the fire, Ri<sll: - flame
Answer all the three questions in a single word. ^ q75[Tf^q - never, spj: qTf% - point downwards.
Answer - ^-iitfk: - Indra, 5 - good, ^TT - man,
tffc: - plough. - ?o

^TT^ft5 *jf*R qf% »pjft 5^15 I

^ f t ^ ip R F ft =q f ^ T : ^ r f t 6 S R : II

V. <k. fa p fa f^ T :

S-6
 7

II q ik R W im \ i ^ I ^ T : II
R, W ? f\, 3 ^R ; ^ fr T , 3 * ft, 3^ 3, W $t\, 30f t , =*,

3°TC P ft, % te :, m $ : , 'i R : I r^ trm ft w sfftran- 1 i

yiH=RT: I TFS^T: Wf^RTT: I P m i - l ^ l 3 f o f ^ s 3 t :3 R ^ R 4
I 3 f ¥ k : |#F T C R iM H IW T f T T ^ ^ ftRTRa
d lr M ^
^ R ijt ir , 1R5 t o r t 6 ^ i m :
Virtuous fails to understand the virtuous. One R 7 3 R StFTFIRRR^ I j f t f & R R P ^ R d f R ; - ‘ |* T fq R f 8 T T 3 R f^ T R ^
virtuous man is envious of the other. A t ^ c T : I flR T ft 9 W i ft^ R 10* ftR : I R 11 4 ) f r l ^ + R ^J R T R R
connoisseur who is both virtuous and fond of 3RtfcT I t e ^ 12 q^Tfcf I fRRftT
virtue is rarely found. H l p T ^ R b R W t f o I R F F R T : R f <TCR 3TT^TC m N ^ R I R ^T
R#=T "i 3f f ^ ? f E T f ^ r 14 I 3 FRR 15 f^TTRRTRT: Rf% I fl
3T^pTT*f:

3^ •T ^ ‘ A vicious doesn’t understand ?. # W T F 3 ^ : + ( ft. tf.)

the virtuous. R. (ft. tf)

3. j f t f k : + 313%: (ft. tf)
3^ 3^13 - A virtuous envies the another v. ^ (S .$ . *T.)
virtuous ^T: + ft^Trf: (ft. tf)
(ft.
3°^ ^ 3uKHf) ^ - virtuous and fond of virtue vs. H: + ^RRn (ft. ST)
'jR: - connoisseur is rare. <^. ^jf^FT: + ■U'^hRh^ i^ (ft.^T)
*>. w*n + arft (s . <$. tf)
?o. *f: + v fa : (ft. R)
??. ?T: + (ft. H)
n . fa=nftr + p- (R. f . tf)
?3. f f t ; + 3rf^T (ft. *T)
'f^ T T 'q ffa F T T R 3T: R c rf% |
?¥. + srf^T (R. <&. R)
3 ?PTO: + ftflTCPfalT: ( ft. R)
w w m -. 1
a. hunter (accusative case), b. as his master,
c. command (accusative case)
S-6
S-6
 8

SRKMHi | tTRT ^ I ^ H 16 SReft17 § ffm t i <ft ^ i < # ri to f* u m

18-# c^ffrf I 3!?TRt19 ^TFT: W k N :' II ^ ? 3 T ^ 3Trfa I !

R 3TTfnf rq^f I ?I^TT fc m T I 4llR U p H i 29 FRTR: I H 30
g f ¥ ^ t 20 3 *TW T m M M ^ T <T ^ftcTCT^ I M t 21
FRWT 31=jqFTT ^ I w t M ^ t ^frforrr32 i 4 t 33 f ^ r f t ^ f c r
tflHI<{Hi P M I ^ W 2 ft^ T I r q t ^Frf^RT^ I j f ^ F T
H34 W T T g ^ T ^ T 1 r r t | 3Rt35 3£FT STffrt f 5 ' I
?fRT # 7 ^ S rfi^ ft - ‘% 3T*T ! T $M \ 3 T ^ R ^ 3 3 W :
s rrW n ^ t23 s r^ rf% i <r*TTft24 jw ^ n i fcrfcr I
r T F ftw ® * F ? w f f q R ^ T h ^ i^ i arcfrsq25 % t : ? V 3 F *T O T C W T :
i ^ 26§ ^ ? m w ri ft i ^ r t 27^
n ) ^ T f t TTsn ^ JT^R^T
w t i ^ s ttc ^ t t a T f ^ F k r fW ^ tr o ; i
< ^ M T |: M I Pi f^TTr^ I
l ^ f f H 28 ^ ^ f ^ 9 W T ft I ^ ^ M H h I
3 T ^ f: ^ JF5f 5T

*T: + W : ( ft. *T)

?\s. ST^: + W : (ft- *0 W T, 3 , W ^, 3T1^:, TfSlcT:, tfTft,

?<i. + ^rft^rft (ft. ¥ ) 3 7 F ^ t : , H I, ^ 3 ^ :, ^ ||

3T?T: + ( ft. tf)

'rfl'^M^H,
Ro. + 3 H W T (ft. H) W ise men are of the opinion that a strong ruler must
R?. M : + ^flHI<{lHI^ ( ft. tf) abstain from four things- he should not hold
HR. ftra ^T + 3 ^ GyTORr:) confidential discussions with the dull witted, those who
R3. 5n%T + 3FTTWi (^* ^) postpone things, the lazy ones and that who flatter.
HV. ?FTT + 3 fft (S . $. *T)
R's. 3TTf%: + 3 # T T ^ (ft. *T)
Rk. 3m: + m \ (ft. tf)
3 ° . "CT: + FPTTW: ( f t . S )
HS. H: + (ft. tf)
W. FRTT?: + -JHPIR (ft. S)
•T'S. ^=T: + >JcT^ (ft. "ET)
*T + sftTcTT ( 3 . S)
¥ : + W ( ft. *T)
«T: + f t w ^ ( ft. H)

d. to conqour, e. like one’s wife, f. having conquered, ^V. *T: + W T I^a f^T ( ft. H)
g. bark dress (accusative case), h. life in a forest 3TW: + JS N ( ft. tf)

S-6 i. agreement, j. kept quiet. S-6

 10 11

n. ^ if i^ i ^ P r s h t i

3TR>: - they say - one must know t e ^ 3TTWFT II

3TT§: ? - <F: ? * s f^ d : ’T ^ fT F T :-
^rfrf ^ # T ? - W ft f^T T ^ ? - cnfT ^ ^TT:, 3 # ^T , ^ra^TT:, ^ ^
cjvthTPi ? - il^lT W J, 3Ffa:, 3Tm ^ <{l^dl I
WT ? -
rT T fq ^
*T ' m ust not
A man who wants to prosper must give up
f% ? - *1^
these six bad qualities namely- oversleeping,
%: ^ ? - M f|:
indifference, fear, anger, lazyness and the habit of
3 ^ : %: ^
post poning.
3 ^T: %:
3 *T: %: ^ ? - ^TC*f: W rite the a M ^ H l of the above verse.

Note - W hen there are sankhya vachakas (the ? v. a T T C r*rc rf*m fo rc m j

word which denote a number), in a verse the W W T: I

question '^fcT' ?- ‘Howmany ? must be put while HiJr4<4T ifrTOflrRRT:

^fhrwr^FT ^parrfa i
writing the ^F^T.
e.g. 3^ : 3rra^ I q^T F T J
a n fr ^ a r ftw tf:, f lf e : , ^ W % T :,
3TRT^- there were% 3tt^ ? - 3^T:, ^frf^TT: ? -
^ f ? W , ff% :; a r^ R R T :, % ^ fa T O F T , I
^c=lk: I
rT R W l
3F3PT:-
Oh king ! men have six joys in this world. They
JTfR^T WT ^ T f t 3TT§: I ^ tc f: dlft f^TTc^ I
are good health, having no debts, no tours,
3 W |: =? ^ ^ ^ I company of good people, one’s own choice of the
W rite the prose order and meaning of the above style of living and living without any fear.
verse.

S-6
S-6
 12 13

3. A visarga preceded by ^l+ k and foUowed by

- are W , ! - O king a vowel or a soft consonant ( ^ ° h3R), ehdes
? - p rrft Example - 'INchl: + SfFfflT: - ^1l'Hchl 3TFRTT:
p fT ft ? - ^
? # r p n f t ? - a n rN u , a # w * T :, ^qT: + ^ f t % - ^qT

ff% : After visargalopa sandhi in examples like

%: ^ w rm : ? - ^ ^ l^ T : c^T+1^ no other sandhi is to be effected.
f t ^ f t ffa : ? - ^T cW ff% :
6 . w iJ f t w r ?
W rite the 3R*T and of the above verse.
(In the evening, before going to sleep)
vs. ^ T ' T :
m I
W T *Tt F T t f ^ T II

\ \ visarga preceded by an and followed One who, before going to sleep, rem em bers
by any vowel except 3T, disappears. Rama, Kumaraswamy, Hanuman, Garuda and
- 3f ^ : + ? ^ - 3 3 ^ ^ Bheema, he will not get bad dreams.
g ^ : + T^=n^ - 3 ^°r
(requesting the God to forgive us)
2. W hen S: and are followed by any vowel TOFR TT
except 3T^r the visarga elides. TT I
Example- R:+$hiPi - ■ff ?T
^ RtW:
W ( W* W T R l ^ n ft II
R :+ M ^ frl - Jlx^fcl
T ^ . + T ^ - TTSf O ! Lord shambhu ! Mahadeva the victorious !
Ocean of kindness ! Please forgive my all faults
(sins) whether it is done with hands or legs,
whether it was due to my speech, body or action,
ears, eyes or mind, known or unknown.

S -6
S-6
 14

1. The famous universities of ancient India and the &

places w here they w ere situated.
Kanchi Vishva Vidyalaya- Tamilnadu
Takshashila ” - Pakistan
U jjain ” - M adhyapradesh Samskrit Through Correspondence
Saranath ” - Uttarapradesh
Nalanda ” - Bihar Serial No. ________ _______
2. The great physicians of ancient India- Charaka, % $TT - ^
Sushruta, Jivaka.
5 T ^ rr:

I. W rite the of the following verse.

i) W W 3 ! ?

f | JTTWT II

[O ! Mother of universe ! If you are very kindful

to me, what is there to be surprised ? No
mother neglects her son though he is covered
with many faults].
ii) <TTrT^t ^TTf^f 'TTWft r^ R T ^ ft I

[O ! Godess Mahadevi ! There is no sinner like

me. There is no destroyer of the sin like you.
Knowing this, please do whatever is fit (for
me)]
II. Make sentences with the following -
SFI^T, 3TPM, f t f M , a rtiR ^ r

HI. Translate the following sentences into

Samskrit.
1. I came after seeing him.
2. The beggar was delighted after eating.
3. Read the lesson after bowing down to God.
4. He rejecting my words told me.
5. After coming home she read the lessons.

NOTE
Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper
and send it to us.

ftr (?) - VI, ^ - va,

S-6
Sk.d

II ^ - WQ vrreft II

*TRxft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

f$ T W
II f | #CF1T R l - d i H H ^ R ^ II
The mind of bravemen is like a precious stone
which even a diamond cannot cut.

(mm •qnt)
?. f^T T : (Participles)
is one of the Krit affixes added to roots. A
form ending in cPT conveys potential mood.
SfFPT also conveys the same sense.
For example -
W ^ I I must go to read.
(Note- The samskrit sentence is in passive voice)

Read and understand the following sentences-

M W snj q ^ f ^ 1 i

1. must tour, 2. must rehearse

 2 3

3. SF%: ^ 3T§ ^ f r T ^ H 3 I - W &q\m: W : or W ffa: I

V. sffa ^ g 4 f i f a & H ^ jF ^ T ^ 5 I r^TT W I or WffaT I
<\. Mfci^J ^ 3 % : ^ trl'tilP i ^ f e d ^ lP l I ’j t iF x I ^ or I
*51^: ^ r f f t g fW TT: WcN^TT: I
In English, sentences like ‘I should go to
's. ^xI'H ftrflrg 3MT: d l^ R d 04!!: I
school’ ‘I should do this w ork’ are in active voice.
C. |f^ R T ^ f r f ^ R ^ T : ^ R jd ° H I: I
But in Samskrit these sentences are used mostly in
f^ f^ rfe STCJ ^ T : ^ R l d ^ l : I
passive voice.
? °. W KIW I ftP lT l^ 3 T O ^ R : ^ f f t T : I
K t. *R : ^ 6 *TTf*fe f ^ T : f¥ fT # T : | 3c[T - W 3TM TF ^ T T I (school should be
NO

n . ? & i\ ar^T: ^ 'f t e f a : i reached by me)

?3. |:% T : m ^ fr q T :7 | W ^ I (This should be done by me)
?V. JjpqI; ' i f o M ^ T : I
Since these two suffixes are used only in +4^1
?<\. I
and srcW, we should follow the rules of these
K \. 'KtTOK Q m pfc d i ^ H 8 I
SPTt^T (voices) in using the suffixes. (Ruies of
?^s. :FFcfKf^5 ^ n h 9 i
and are already explained in pravesha).
it . 3 n ^ 3 f0 i
Mainly these two points should be rem em bered.
Rules o f rT^Tr^ and SpffaT suffixes. 1. Subject is used in 3rd case only.
These both suffixes give the same meaning. 2. words ending with these suffixes follow the
Therefore any one of these two may be used. object in gender, case and number.
Though all verbroots get both suffixes, some are
famihar with suffixes and some with 3T#T\
suffixes (using unfamiliar form is not wrong) - to tie
Both suffixes are used in ^ff^TWPT and ^TT%5FfFT, ?. ^Gnfcr, r. w ^ r fc r .
not in ^ftofWT.
\s. ^G T ^ -^ S T c ft, 6. ^ T T -^ IW T , I
3. must try, 4. to sow the seed, 5. must plough, 6. to purify,
7. must be consoled, 8. must swim accross, 9. must speak,
10. to earn.

S-7 S-7
^ - to speak It resides on tree, yet it is not a bird, it sleeps
?. ^ f t , R. 3 ^ # , I. on grass it is not Yogin. It is yellow yet not gold.
V. (\, vixh:-'^Tt>i-viTh*^? ^xMT^xMcft, Therefore it is delicious copper ! what is it ?

Vs* f H ‘ 1 ^ ^4r=H-5^F, <L 3 r p ^ I (Answer - 3TR: = Mango fruit, Here the word
3RT: has two meaning 1. Therefore, 2. without the
\ - to be
letter cf, the word cTT5T: minus <T is sfTH:)
?. H. ^ R , 3.
v. c*. ^ ^JMR^cRcft, V. - ??
'S. ^ - ¥ 1 , <S. ^ 7 - 3 ^ , | WQ tRT1 ?TRWf|WT ^
tfg - to roam about f^ F T U T ^ ^ I

?. ¥F<Tfa, H. 3. ¥f*WfcT,
^ W% O T T O 4 f t + K « i^ II
V. - k j te ^ - w f r q ^ <v ^:-¥R TT-¥R R ^
T d^W T :
V ¥PR^-¥RRcft, 's. W^-OTrft, C. ¥#f^TT-¥FcqT-
cfT:, h r ^ ^rft^rarrq^
% W ft, *T:, T O c f, f^ R , ^ <R,
- to fry *TTCn«PH^ % W I ^ II
?. ~*£^, r . 3. w # , d lc M ^
A truly learned man is one who is truthful, does
\. vs. ^. ^ s jr penance, has wisdom, practises non-violence, has
<L ¥ g ^ - ¥ ^ I respect for scholars and has good conduct. Study
of the various branches of science alone does not
3 . jr^ f^ F F T - ?o make a man learned.
3T^T:
I^ T B R n ft ^ ^ 'Tf^TTfrt:
*T: cR: H R 3rf|*RT f e F T R ^ fl:
^T ^ ^ T ^ ^ T R W ft I
3 T T # T ^ff ^ ^ |W tJ : te R I cR ^ ir a is P R ^ ^K°l^ I

3TrT^ fTO : ^ W ? ?. % F R ft: ('J=FTC:), R. (33FTT:), 3.

( # T : ) , V. (T iM + a T ^ W R )
 6

3 F W P l:

*T: - He is a learned man, *T: - who, c’TPT: - worthy charity ^ - is for the hand
- possesses, - truthfulness, rPT: - penance, gw ^rf^w r - bowing down to elders fW^T - is for
sIHH. - wisdom, sif^ d i^ - non-violence, - the head; 3 ^ # f - enormous strength that
regard for scholars, ^ - and good conduct, brings victory ^J^PTT: - is for the arms; ffrT: -
- in the m atter, - Study of the clean conduct - is for the heart srf^FT^ -
Shastras, ^ - is not the cause. well assimilated knowledge W W : - is for the
ears; f^TT - even without, - the material
wealth 5^ - all this ^T13^ - is decoration -
ftrrf% ^ q id j.i'J iR id i for the greatmen.
5 # SrqT ? M t I
'h M ^ ^ T T
|frT ; Rl^in ^
JTffrP^WT II l 3T^FT I
T^f^TFT: s^fW1 ^TFRR 4k<rHI2 ^FTTF^ I 3T3 cTFTT4
r*TFT:, Sc^TT, 3Fft, I WTicT- ! #MT5 W tt
3 ^ T t:, FT^T, ff% : , I f^rfcR ^t6 ^ ^ W : I cIFTT7 I
3$m % =*, W F fr:, f^TT, ^ gffiWTT8 I cR Hf\uldib I <£U4luli
fc ^ I ¥T T O ? ^ T 10 a#T ^ W r f ¥ r ^ " f % FT I f^ F ff

dlH|4^ ?. ^WT: + ^FTR^TC^ = ft. ¥f^f: (^fa:)

R. = ft. (3) + 3'5T?lfi5r:
Giving charity adorns the hand; bowing down
3 . *T: + (T^TT: = f t . (? fa :)
before elders adorns the head; truthful words adorn V. <TFTT: + = ft. *rRr: (#T:)
the mouth; the strength that brings victory adorns \. IfW : + = ft. ^ T : (cfa:)
the arms, a clear conscience adorns the heart, well V !5<Rfrt: + 3?ft + ^ = ft. ^T: (*) + ^TT^T:
assimilated knowledge adorns the ears, even without \s. rfFTT: + T*FTR[ = ft. ^ T : ( ^ : )
6. 3 ffi: + <TFTT: + = ft. (^ R :) + f t . ^ T : (^ fa :)
material wealth, these adorn greatmen.
ffe + ftsrTCJ = f t . (^ R :)
?. f ^ 't a R r : ( S W :) , R. (^ T C :)/ 3.
?o. ^TT: + srft = ft. (^T:)
V. ^T¥f^:
a. conversation, b. trained
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 8

cTs<T^T11 f# c t I SPTH^ | ^ I ^ a iw ^ f% ^ t ? a r a ^ n iw H y ^ M H 24 ^ 323 R ;

w ft | c ^ T ^ 12 | f l ^ s * ^ 13 a T ^ | tT*TTft25 <R ^ F T ffcT I ^T T
^ f 14 ^T S T r^M r 6 ? 3TW ^ I 5!n p # O T i 26- ! & ^ 3 ^33 SRRT Sfrfcf
3ffi: ^llP^'HI’*? M R c ^ # R F f ^ 3TTSR | 3 ^ I ^ U jt I M ^ M s f ^ F ^ f R : 27 I g f t ^ R 28 f f l 29
TRTt15 ^ 5 ” 5% | I rR 3 % f * ° I 5R j f t t f S n j 5 R R | R : |

*ffaPT 3RR 3ftfift: % H W ^ - “ cT? ^ f m f T 31 M ^ W r R W t 32 ^TTf^T33 | cRTfa 34

a # j^ i crqift a rt f W ¥ w # r 16 i ^ < w (f ? I aTcT: 3 ^ |c H H lA W T T ft I gqfaR:

'kc?°H*t> I f^R ? 173JM^<t>: | f f ^ F T t f ^ l f t s ^ t 18 ^ k N : | fcR R ^ I 37^ r H ^ 9 a ^ T : ? ra ¥ f^ ^ 3 |

?TTf%: 5T?JR ¥ T * R ^ I ^ I ’W c + l^ 19 | 3F% aTW: T^M fdH cN: f ^ T 'R ^ R T ¥ ? ^ W T g I aT^

ifrT I 1 j f ^ t cR: a r r r f t i w m i ?s- r fs :

aTKT^PfK: I ? ^ T 3 ? ^ T 38 W 5 R : I a r^ ^ ^
cTf^f%^20 ^?TTr% cR 3TT?R '^ Ifl^ p K M d ^ H 21 I j f M l f t s ^ 22
I ■FT: a ^ ^ dH t^H H H frl |f ’ k 'l ^ 't r 'f l ^ ^ 4 l 39
I ^TTH r+li f ^ T F ^ I 3 R ^ t q ^ lR t 23 ^ q i< ^= ||^-
'jfRT: I
“ g fts r i! a rm ^ ^ r arw n£ i # ft:^ :f i
hv . aw: + fRiwrsnrrvR^ = ft^pf^rFSr: (?r)
??. ^ W«TT + 3T ft = W T ^ T R r :

ZR. cnj; + sqrsfj^ = ^R^HTRr: R\. IT # : + = ft^pmRr: ( ^ R : )

m R : + 3 # R ^ frT : = ft^f^rR r: (3) + 3 ^: + ^ ^ R T f^ :
?3. ^STR^: + aiJ^T = ft. tfR f: (3) + J'JT; +
5 % + 3Tft = ^ r ^ T R r :
?V. + WT = f t . SlRf: (3 ) + 3°T;
rR + 3 T ^ =
Z\. ?TRT: + ^ 3 = ft. sf3f: ( 3 ) + jp^j
?o. 3^t: + 3 T ^ = ftrpf^RT: ( ^ R :)
f o f ^ + t¥ w # T = ^ c W R t:
??. 3Tft = (^ H IH^Rr:)
?«. f t 1^ : + 3THm: = f t f m R f : ( ^ T : ) ft^ M tft: + 3T W R ^= ftM ^ R f: (^ R :)
U. + m W l = ft^ f^ R r : (5) + jp i: + U . *T + 3Tf^ = ^xifc(lM^Rr:
?<L ?Z1: + = ft. ^tRT: ( ^ H : ) ?V. W«TT + 3Tft = w W a R f :
Ro. rrf^nx. + ^ = (gffii'm ^ R r:) ft^ ftft: + = ft^ r f^ R r : (^F K :)
H?. sqrogftf: + 3TF1W^ = R ^ R : ( ^ R ; ) H . ^ ^ = q^TJETRr:

RR. g ftfe l: + 3T#T = ftM ^R T : (3) + 371: + ^ ^ R T R r: ?\s. + arft =

\6. + 37p^r = ^ jf ^ h r R r :
R3. WTM: + = ft^pfaRr: (3) + 3^ :
n . 37^T: + = f t ^ f ^ : (3 ^ :)
c. a,waiting the deadline, d. return, e. hastily, f. one who has
conqured desire, g. among you also
S-7
 11
q * 40 I 3 ^ : f ^ ; | rT W h i;
“ tR W M rTWTRTF^: I ?T^Tt SR[T«f ^TFT^f |
Calamities never befall a strongwilled person
5in ^ H ^ m I JRk«T: T O t 41 ^ ' 3 fr I
who shares his food with others and eats, works
^ 42 ^ ¥ $ m \ I TJ43 ^ s jrR l^ | # J T more and sleeps less and gives charity even to an
^ iRRT^ I 3 T M ^ f f f e T ^ I 44 | enemy who comes asking.

V 3T^T ^R T 5P T :
?. 31% - eats
?^) fa?r ^ f t * i> * < iif ^ w r i1
|
f t # H f t H jfa r i2 ^ frT T |
f% fcfT 5?% ? - I
3w ^ r # r w f ^ 4 T rf^ rf: ^
%»T: 'Frf^f^T ? - I
cWTrJ^FrT J R ^ F P T f:5 II
^Rfd - sleeps
’TTf^TFT:
f* ^ tif^ T , 3 T T f^ q : , f r | ^ ^ M r , 3 T # r^ I
f% fR T FrfrfcT ? - frT T I
f^ T , 3Tft%3, 3Tfa, qTf%cT:, ^ cT^
I
3TT?Wx% S^fcT, 3H«rf: I
3. ^rfcf - Gives
Vo. W : + 3TRRT: = f o ^ f a R t: ( # T : ) ^TfcT ? - *TTf%?T: ^
V?. 3 W : + ^ 5 = f^ P k f^ T : (3 ^ R : ) ^rfcT ? - 3 T ft% 3Tftf |
VR. 3T$T: + . | q f q ? n ^ = f a p f a f ^ : (g ^ R : )
v. sr^fcT - leave, abandon
V3. *T: + ( ^ T :)
% ST^fcT ? - 3R*?f: |
VV. 3®Tfft: + 3 P T ^ = M u RT: ( ^ R ;)
^ ? - ^ i
?. + 3TTM«T: = w W d ^ T :
cP t^ l cP^ ? - aTRTR^Ti^ |
r. + 3T#rcrJT = t jr i R t:

3. ^rfcT + 3 T ft% = q^FTf^T: W rite the prose order of the above four parts
v . 3T#rt2 + arf^r = T ^ f i P r : and the w ord-to-w ord meaning of the verse.
\ . SR^ftT + 3RT«rf: = ^ F l ^ r :

S-7
S-7
 12 13

rTRTTT^t
^rflrft 4fK*(R: I
3. ( i= F R ^ m t)
^ W t t ^nrft ^ JI^TFTT
^ # rfh T T ^ ! n (where f^pf is replaced by the letter X )
A visarga preceded by any vowel except ar or
3TT and followed by a vowel or a soft consonant, is
S ^T, -3 p m ,.................^ !
replaced by "H:. (the letter T)
ru M l{
eg. - ^ffcT: +
Oh king ! if you give away half the kingdom
^TfcT + : +
being their rightfull share in their father’s
•JM(cl + ^ + ^ F T ^ =
kingdom you can live happily with your children.
¥ 15 : + R<Mcl =
Neither the Gods nor men will accuse you them.
J jf t : + vj|qfr =

^3 : +
^ ^hR'xhRi - will not be ^^75 ! - Oh King !
*>: ^ (^4 ) 6. w t o T :
%*TT JT^frT: ? -
3T^rSTPTT I

# # ? - W T H : (*T^)
3^T: ^ ? - 1 # Aswatthaman, Bali, Vyasa, Hanuman,
3^: Wl ? - ^ T : Vibhishana, Krupa, Parashuram, these seven are
%: *Tf|cT: ? - # : chiranjeevis.
f t f^ T 1 ? - S^FT a r q ftw r *TF7T ^FTRft 3 ? * f^ T I
f% ? ^ T ? - dlcK M H , 3ft SRRtfi A t imKiPHi: 11
dlcK M H , • ' ■ 3 ^ ^
Ayodhya, Mathura, Haridwar (*TFTT), Kashi,
^ [T S^FT ? -
Kanchi, Ujjain (a^Rl+I), Puri, Dwaraka (STTRtft) -
these seven cities are called *n$KiRi<*>i: (places
where emancipation is achieved easily)
S-7 S-7
 ^ rK rft

MsHHWCT

Samskrit Through Correspondence 3TFTRT 'HINluii ^ ^ T I 5HPT T ^ T I ^

Serial N o . f 3RTT: <*TM:

^fcT I 3TcT: ^ I lTC<£dl^iHd:

f^T ^T T -

^FT TT^" vRc^Ttl 3T fM I

W JT : 1TT3:
- HSIcHI 7TP?ft
JTRT:
'S r a w fs r h h c )h m ^ fci^ K ycbi^ H i^ T rrsr^ j
I. Translate the following sentences into Samskrit-
^ ^ 3?d^ T T ar -^TrgRTT I cTc[ 3 ^ (
1. There are rivers in our country. ^ 3 t1 ^ t 1 w w ^ k T r ; (m < d w TFg'»rm i
2. The Ganga is the holiest of them.
- Sft 3 R f ^ :
3. On the bank of Ganga Kashi is situated.
4. There is a tem ple of Vishwanatha at Kashi. 'RTCcTFT 3 # ^ : ^TarfST: ^7: ^fcT, XR-RHMIdl 3Tfefo ll
5. I must go there. ^ t ^ t ^ c p tsfo ^rff a r t
6. Will you also come ? TR^uTW TT d P i ' O U lfe c q ^fcT I ^ T T ^ TfT W T«TTW fd,
7. No, I will come some other time. i4|c(Tr) d Hl i : 'SPTR: ^ f o ^ f d , cTT^T ^TRcT^T 3TT^R^TT

t^ ktt arf^r I
13. Recognise the sandhis in the following verse
“ "^0 'u tq is tc iic i^g ^N
and write the
?) .m ifS reft w tt i
M R ^ fd lW ll ^ h ^ f? ^ T T x{ IT^T '^FtPTFT: "cT^T ^TRT^ ^
^ IT ^jfcT ^ 5 1 % cTPT n frrte II
M ^ c^ llld 'lM ^ r rq ': <*TM : 3 # T ^ ^ d - W xfacj|: 'q ^ T

ffd I f%FT^%TTf&Tct W , 'm ^ ^ K T H n ^ W T

NOTE 3 t e 1 d d i J I isqikIH 3Tf^T I

Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper
and send it to us.
ftr (?) - VII, ^ - vs, v t#
S-7
 W & ft ^T ^ f ^ T II

- fa c r< ^

I don't know, what sweetness is hidden

in Samskrit, by which we foreigners are
so enraptured.
\ - J
-3 k -

&
ii ^ n

^ T T T r ft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam” 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

1% ^T

II |%T f | W W ff ^ ^ ||
Good conduct makes one noble, neither wealth nor
learning does.
C ir o : q re t)

? . ^ n t l ! (Participles)
3T) Read the following sentences-
?. W *1% ( * # ) ^ SlrMHIdI: I
W hen sun set, we returned home.
^TPTrT (^rfrT) ^ T : 3 ^ ^ \

As soon as the teacher came, students

became silent.
3. sfrcft J]cT ( * f a ) STFTR^ 3 T r ^ |

W hen Rama went to forest, Dasharatha died.

V. 3TFRW (*TFTT) ^ftcTT I
As Kausalya came Sita got up.

S-8
 3

?. ^ pmnFTRJ *T: ^TcT: = He went while cows

Similarly make out the meaning of these
are (were) being milked.
sentences -
k. ^ 3TT^ (sfcT) ^ H I
R. JTI3 |« n g *T: ^RT: = He went when the cows
were milked.
W M NlRdKfT1 (^ T T ) ^TcR^rf: I

vs, ^ ^ 2 (^ # ) W : ^ I 3. ^ m m r j rT^ : *RT: = He went when the

cows w ere to be milked.
6. 4M T ^ (^frT) * l f W : I

3 rft% (tfc g ) JTM I There are two actions in all these three sentences.
One is (milking) and another is rFR (going). The
?o. 3^3 + i^ f ^ 5 f ^ s 6 ( ^ § ) H rtiR a ^ r^ i
first action (milking) indicates the time when the
??. ^ 3 ^ R ft3 7 3 F ^ : ^ c T :8 >
second action (going) took place. Let us call the first
?R. # 1 3 m = § (W g) I action indicative and second action as indicated.
( ^ 3) I Please note that the indicative action is expressed in
?v> 3^ 3TFT^311 (*Tc§) M ^ '? forms respectively. You
^ ^ W t 12 (SfrT) f^ P ^ T : 3 ™ : ' already know that these forms are adjectives
and they follow the nouns. Here the noun is cow.
^ 3 ^n % 3 13 (* tfg ) ^ yR sM i< I
Both words are used in with these two
?\s. ^T%: «*n^ fo W T 14 (flf?0 'irnltfN HI I
words, another word (in M*ftf^TfrFO is used or to
H|°TT ^ flW T F t15 (^rfrT) H I
be understood. This word also follows the noun in

^ r-^ rn ft
gender number and case.

All the above sentences are in ^rfciwft form. The forms of the word ^ (in *rcnfWrf%0 are
This formation of sentence is also called or like this.
To know this in detail please observe w. fk.
these three sentences - ^ (3 . 1)
yrHI ¥<fl3 ( ^ )

1. Rang, 2. got, 3. surely, 4. come, 5. cooes, 6. Doing, 32[T- 3^fcT (while Rama was talking)
7 Chattering, 8. Spread, 9. Singing, 10. Audience, 11. Came,
I F W F M : ^ T t: .......
12. Given, 13. Slept, 14. Doing, 15. Swallowed
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 4

^ 9 ........ ?v) W Q ft^ T 7 H # fc T : I

.... ? I f U ^ 3TTWW 3 T ^ T ^F ? # T :8 ffcT W :

^ T t : W % : .......... sm u t a arf^r i
tftdl+to<^l#M I& ^ f t 3 ^ f i3 .......... ?<\) 3TcT: ^ T : ^ T f t W ft I"

3TT) Read the following story and note the ? 0 tffaTFT TNT ^ 3

participle forms taught in the previous lessons. ^rfcr ^ ?m ^ i t fa m i” i

?) 3TT^ I

H) d i y + i t a :2 I
^ - to think, to conceive (an idea)
3) ^fcRT: 3TT|53 I
?. JPKT, H. W , 3. i^RcT,
V) ‘ W : d W + P l+ f: ^ftsT*T: ^ F % ifcT 7M T SRTt fK ^T

S T F T ^ ' ffcT |
vs. TTRT-SFM , *>. I
K) f^FTT: ciFT W& ^ 5HTC f ^ T aTFTrf^T: I
\) ^ T : ^feT: 3TFM I - to take dip
vs) W dltl+P l+l: 3Wf ?fcf I K. *MfcT, ^v\rqd, 3.

6) ^ ^sfT ^ grJTft dlW+Pl+l: =T V. q f r p s q ^ - H w l^ ^ ; T O r-W -J flP J , 3R5RI^-Tmcft,

I VS. <i. <L

<0 3 T ^ 3TTW5 rH ^ 3^5RFfA 3^ rM *rfcRt - to churn

^ |T I ?. 3. J T t^ F # ,
? o) W3T d W + t a : 3TT^FT ^jPTFT V. k. 5,.
I ^ r R T ^ - jr fte ft, vs. T ^ - T fG T c f t, T T te r-J T f% ^ T ,
??) 3W W gWT ^ T ^T : 5T^T I S fJ T ^ - W ^ T , <L I
? R ) 'tfc R T ! 3Ti =T I ^ T 5! W d ltl+ 'fa frT : ^tTT: V ?fcT I
^ - to m easure
U) tfc R T : ^ f V H H 6 I
?. ■RTfcT, R. TfRrT, WW ft,
V. 41d^H;'HT'fm./ \ . fjTrT:-1^RTT-f^RT^ \ . Pld^M^d^fT,
vs. JTT^-^rRft-JTTcff, f a - m , m $ *{ I
1. in a hut, 2. Copper coins, 3. having called, 4. drive away
5. having climbed, 6. replied 7. having killed, 8. one’s treasury, 9. on hearing.
S-8
 7
6

M<RmFF:
- to leave, abandon
STTJ:, MRftdH, *T#T, ^
?. 3 ^frT, H. 5 ^ , 3.
3T#T, W , % . 3 T *^ Wmi «Hdc=l^lc=l4t:,
V. <\. 5 ^ : - 5 ^ - 5 ^ ; S ^H ;
'uR dlf^tfrA ,
S ^ f t , '®. 3 ^ l - 3 ^ - 3 ^ 6- 3 ^ T - f ^ T , *>. I
JcT:, S#HT\ II
3. s n tf^ T : - ^

a rj? fs 4 w 'fTRT: I
Men live for a hundred years. Half of it is spent
STtsnTC f^?TFTT% *T f ^ T W W : II in sleep, half of the remaining is spent in
childhood and old age. The remaining twenty five
In this verse apparent meaning is different than the
years are spent serving others and suffering due to
real meaning.
sickness, sepration from the dear ones etc. when
1. Apparent meaning- O ! B eautiful ! I have seen
life is as unsteady as the waves in w ater, where is
something which is strange and lovely. It has
any happiness for the beings of this world ?
‘sho’ in the middle, If anybody m akes out this,
a r^ n * f:
no doubt he is a learned.
=J°Tt 3TT3: ^Rft'd^ I ^ ^ ^ IW cTFT
2. Real Meaning- The thing which I have
3#FT 3T*f I
seen is spjcf (Beginning with sr) and <t>M
^ffacr I =)lRd<ff^^5cft ^ft% yiPlHi JcT: ?
(ending with The letter 3Tt is in between
s F ^T :
them.
- A span of hundred years, nR ^d^ - is
(Answer is SRTfa. It is the name of a tree)
fixed anj: - as the life time, - of men, <T^f^ -
V. half of it, - is spent - during night,
3 T ^ - one half W cTFT ■ST'TFT - of the remaining
3T T^W W 1 ^T T 'T ftfM TT^t
fifty years, «iitfc=i'=hsic=i<i'l: - in childhood and oldage,
rTFTPTPT2 ^ r 4 w :3 I
- the rem ained, 5^TftR'LllJl<j:*5ttHR>dH^ - which is
W rfM ^ fh T ^ iy R rflrT
full of sickness, separation from the loved ones
^rT: jr f ^ R T ^ ?
and misery ^iRPT: - serving others etc., ^<Hd - is
?. f^FFmf^T: (WTC:), R. w f^ T f^ T :, 3. w W n f^ T :, spent, - where life, =iiRdt?H^d\ - as unsteady,
V. (^ !R :)
S -8
 8

as waves in w ater JcT: - where is any approve - rude behaviour - of

happiness. y iP m ^ - for the beings ? wicked ^ ..... - whose sense orgens are
confused by drinking the wine called new
^TTf^nr - ?v
(recently achieved) wealth.
S3 TRFT rTHT
W TPf I

rP Th^P TnT:

am ^ T ^ f W :1 I ^ I ^Tt
TOTFTT^3 P ljf e jp ^ I m W d ^<frH^<!c[5l
3 ^ a rw r, ^ TPTR, %frT:, 3 T ft, §JFm6 *McT: w i bw i I f^T: StW: II
STTK: I W : ^ I H - “ 3#T ! W <|c3T
STfcWH., 1, 3 ^ , ^MHMI-4. I crfWTT I 7tfWl f^ T 8 I cRTft10
cTWfcj; ^TFT ^R^fcl I 3TcT11 'Tftr*R I Rm-W312 W m
A Saint speaks- “ Fruits are enough to eat, I F£t 13 #SW T ^ 14 rPTt^T^ W ^15 ^ l” ^
sweet w ater is enough for a drink, the ground is $r=ll *T$T: ^F^TR ^RT: I
good enough for a bed and bark dress will do for ?. SKrhl'd: + Srfaftfl: - (H)
clothing. But never will we accept a wicked man = . ^ T : + W F R ^ IT - (*)
3. m k W + ^ - (TOT w4 # 5 T : )
who has lost control over his senses due to the
V. + J T ^ - f ^ F T ^ : (3 ) + J w R h
drink in the form of sudden wealth. + 'IM*^ -
+ - 1^4-IM^P}: ('?) +
Vs. ?!TO: + - f^pf^T : (3) + J'Wf^T:
3RHFT - to eat cFe^ - fruit - is enough 'TPM 6. f^TT: + (cfr'T:)
- to drink - Sweet - W ater - enough <*,. ^
- to sleep f^fcT: - ground - is enough ?0. W
«TT + 3Tftr - wkhRrFtt:
??. STrT: + (# T :)
- for clothing - bark cloth - is ?R . f^ R : + cR - R * I jw R T : (^T)

enough (But) ^ - I do not want - to ?3. ¥=$: + ^ W : - f^ R T p t: (3) +

?V. - A ^ w R T : (*T)

WTT: + (^fa:)
a. Autumn, b. gently, c. Penance
 3T^T: ^ < Q « h4 c| s3 ^ 16 I SR^fcT I H 17
3T^TFT cfT: S T M M ^ I ^ ^ f ^ 32 ^ ^ l+ l^
S^TTscffa18 ^ F f K 19 3 T T ^ I W f$TT20 d¥ # 0 ^ T T :21 I
I f^TT: kH $ $ « T ^ 33 3 T * f^ | 3TT^T: Pl4tf:
cI% Jfr22 e^v ft% | 5TTW23 3T^pM ff ^ N f H 24|
3 W ^ I ^ rf^ T \ f e + uK^r[3^Trfri34 I
9< t» « ^l: JTWTW rTCf% I I ^ ^
3 T ^T cfT lT *# T ^ W m ^ ^ T r T t l 35 I
3 T # ft 25f § ^ |
^ T t s j ^ c f ; 36 I ^ ^ W f: I 3 ^F T c n W rR tf#
^d t-H J^TRT: I S f^ fH T 26 I f f lf e d ^ rT: I ^ l ^ 37 fE : I W m ^ y=hf^n=tl< I
M M t f % # T 27 f ^ f r r r f t f c R i ^ i ctt28 ^ a rrw fe f^ i S 383T^TFT q ttW 3 ^ [c R T ^ I
cr«TTft29 cNtsJST^T ^T # ^ r 30 ^ ' • ‘Jcf:31 | cTW; SRTT^^T cTPT
^5: S ^T P T <TTft?f f M 3 rM T ^ -
I ? l(U + lR h ^ S^cTT*1 I
“ ^ Z T ^F T lt:0 3T^TFT 3 # ? ^ I 3TTWT I

mw: STf^raT: I rTT: 39f W ^ T ^ | t a 40 I dH lR lM I«f cTT:

41^ M ^ N q f ^ T : I y<5.RTcl^<rM: I ( V ji S f ^ ft 42
?^,. h4c! + 3TW^ - '{ ^ V ^ R f :
S's. H: + Sf^T: - fW fe t^T : ( ^ T :) ^ f ^ f e c T : I ^ 3 f ^ f % T : I ^TcTWRTt44 %¥T45 f^ W T 46 ^TTcTT:l

?<£. $n^T: + 3Rft? - f^T % f^ r: ( 3 ) + JJ^Rrf^T: +

n . W % : + arnff^ - f^W rf^T : (# T :)
^5^TT: + 3rPt - (^ T :)
H°. f^TT: + - f^T% f^T: (^ fa : ) $1. ^ T T : + 3 T ^ - (^ T :)
R ?. Wft: + aTTfrTT: - f a p f a P T: (X) ^V. 5[f|?t + ^TtT^ - ( W ^ f H f ^ :)
RR. 'T%UT: + iT ^ n ^ T - fW K -lR r: ( 3 ) + vpwf^T: \\ . + ^t? r; - ( w ^ M ^ r - . )
R3. m : + ft - W g ff^ T : (TT) \\. #?T: + 313^f: - f ^ f ^ T : (^) + J'W R f: + ’i^-MtlRT:
HV. + ff - (ff) ^vs, + fS : - f ^ T ^ f : + 5'JR#5f:
$6. H: + ST^'TFT - R ti-'l^f^: (<*N:)
Sf^T: + |S3T^ - f^ W r R r: (3) + J ^ rf^ T :
+ ^ t ; - f^ T n ^ T : (l)
3T^T: + ^ (F) Vo. + ^cTT : - f^ F T # 6 r: (*)

R's. W f^T + ? f% # T - W rf^ fe f^ T : V?. 3 ^ : + =HdWIMHN - R ^ 'm R r : (t)

?TT: + ^ - fa p fa p r. ( ^ fr .) vr. srg^T: + h (^) + 3uH rf^:
r <l ?T«n + arft - w W * r f ^ : V?. ?T: + f^1% T: - (^ T :)
V V . 3T?T: + ^TTfTT^ - f ^ T ^ : (^T)
3°. + =T - f ^ f u R : (3) + ^ w R r:
V^. %ET: + f^WT: - R+HtlRf: (^ T :)
+ a^T : - __________
V^.. f¥-Fv5T: + 'JlIni: - (<sl4:)
d. by honey bees, e. Sing (birds) f. Are doing as it were, g. Swans, i. Fruitful, j. gave up, k. Tender leaves, 1. without dust,
h. spread m. for tribals, n. Near, o. By the side glances, p. let there
not be, q. conversation.
 12 13

=F% ! - oh learned one !

^ - tell me
After listening to V idura’s advice Dhritarashtra
? - ( ^ ) -
asks-
% |j| ? -
^4 ^ ? - <T*TT^
r^T ^TTf |
3^T: f% ^
^ rF% cTrT
^
^ ? - 3 R T W t:
mi :
W rite the prose order and word to word
meaning of the above verse.
3TT?iRT, 3 T ^ ^ ^ 1$, r p ftfW ^
Vidura says to Dhritarashtra-

rfW h ^ ?£. trt ^ n rr ^ T ^ ff^ i

JTW rfrT *T: cf ^ F ts ^ T T ft^ frr II
In anticipation of only evil, I am seeing only
evil. As I am in a perturbed state of mind, I am q^TFT:
asking you. Tell m e correctly what Yudhishtira
might be thinking.

If a king pleases his subjects with his vision,

T ^ f - I ask 1 words, thoughts and actions his subjects will also
please him.
^ T : ^
W rite the a ^ v m of the above verse.
3^: ^ t^ T : ? .
a ^ q ^ ? - qrip^
% ^
v. («+KPmO
tRSTft ? - aTTriRT - by mind
'%^M aTTrTRT ? - oq-|^^f Visarga Sandhi (where ft*pf is replaced by S3TR)
A visarga followed by *T, <T, 5
-T, is replaced by

S-8 S-8
 14

that followed by 3T, % is replaced by 3T^TC

and that followed by z, 3 , is replaced by W I
^ R ^ rf V T R x ft
Exam ples-
q^TTOTTT ^ F f r T ^
+ ^T: = ^^H l:
TFT: + rT^ = <IHw=l Samskrit Through Correspondence
Tftcf: + ^Tff: = 'ftrR^TW:
Serial No.
ig¥: +
= ^ 4 ,^ 5 )^
f^T ^T T - ^
ftre: +
3T?JT: T R :

Thus Visarga Sandhi is of four kinds. Note JPRT:

these while reading shlokas in Samskrit.
I. Translate the following passage into Samskrit -
In a certain village there lived an old lady. She was
t. w iw ftw :
very proud. She used to get up early in the morning.
3T^TT tftrTT cTTCT rFTT I She had a rooster. It used to call in the morning. The
lTWW: ?TT FTtfarT II people of the village used to get up on hearing the
rooster’s call. One day the old lady thought
One who rem em bers daily five chaste women-
“ everyday my rooster calls and then only the sun
Ahalya, Droupadi, Sita, Tara and Mandodari his
rises. To-night I will go away to a city. Tomorrow the
sins are destroyed.
sun will not rise in the village and people will suller.”
V fw : T O ^TfWs»-T ?T?R: |
That night the old lady went away to a city. As
always the sun rose in the village. 1he old lady
O Lord ! I salute you who has taken ten returned and saw that the sun had risen. I he proud
incarnations viz. TTcFT (fish) (tortoise) (boar) old lady felt ashamed.
(a manlion) 3FFT, sfftFT, 'TC'fCW, 5s and r NOTE
Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper
^ and send it to us. __________ __________________
•J. ■£. .J.
% (i) - V III, - v»,
S-8
 T h e e ld ers d e sire o u r w elfare. So, th e p e rso n s
w o c o n su lt th e e ld ers and p e rfo rm an y actio n w ill
n e v er hav e an y difficulty.

^ orr cTf'mcT pFftsrrgT ■crf^ i

T h e p e rso n w h o d is to rts th e tru th d u e to

p re stig e , g re e d , a n g e r o r fear; is c ertain to g o to

ciilcichr i
T ‘chci " ^ r f w • 11

It is n o t p o s sib le to c la p w ith a sin g le h an d ,

s im ila rly no a c tio n is su c c e ssfu l w ith o u t effort.

^R T -

"3^ 'W cfi: -q % jg f ^ (

 II S R I ^ ^TRrft II

^ T T T rft

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.
f^ T ^ rr

II 3 T ^R f^T f% rT R JTCn%sft II
Even a favour conferred on you by a fickle
minded person can be dangerous.

? T 3 :)

?♦ ^ n t l* - Mixed Examples
As in the previous lesson let us learn participles
through a story. Recognise the participles in the
following story and use them in sentences of your ow n.

r. a rm w x i ^ i
3. ^ =Hr41f*: I
V. '3'rf^R T ■TR^ SRFT <J>dcllr|v I
^ ^FRTPf ^ ^ ?
cn^t 3^ r
vs. I
1. Stood up, 2. (I am) thinking
 ‘ sfftUT: ^ ^RTFf spf XWi '7 T ^ # I RV. cRT: WTFFi c-mwl'll: ' 3T£qr*T21

<L sf^ T ^ ftffijMI ^ e n t f S T ^ F D + lR d m " ^ 22 I

?®. ? e ^ i t o f F T w s r r a f a r * i 3 ^ . - # i t ^ q ^ 4 RK. 3TT# ^ $a|J3Tt ^ TFfm FT 5Rlt

ncRl^l
I
? ?. srk 4 if+ : ^ r o f ^ 5 tr^ R s F n g 3 W H ^ f i
<?t 4l<r4lf+: TRFFt cM W it
n . fl: d^lcfft 3 T^ I
flfs ff ^ . 2 3 a p ^ I
?3. *TN:7 cT^fSfT p # '* ! 8 # R qiftdm-19 I
*V. <KJ s i ^ 10 f^FTFT11 Tfct ^fT fa?fefcft12 I
m
& f^fT fe W R :13 ^ f)P + : W\ I
?$,. '- iM f * : f^MT: ^ T ^ x T :14 3 ^ : 3^ : ^ - To cleanse, to wipe off, to sweep
I
?. h. ^^1%, 3 . ^ if^ r f r -w ff c r ,
?'s. arf^ =TOT FTR^T W : f^ F T l^ <fT:
V. Tnfe^-JTT^q^ TTT^ft^ k.
^tfttrt^ i
vs. JTT^-cft, £. iT T ^ T - ’^fT,-
u . sr?n ? i ^ 15 -tr ^ sricr i
?<L ! J ^ lT ^ r W : ^ R J 16
3"f|: WlcT: I
qr - T o go
R®. fcf: 'K <WN°I fefoc=ll SRTTC ^ f^cTT cil'tilH+K ^ |?
?. qrfct, r . 3. w d c i,
R?. ??qf^TN17 31-pIfr ^ sTSTT a i^ c R T ^ 18 |
V. ^TTrT:-cfT-crq^
HR. rRT: ^l^-t-OPti: S f T ^ : 19 3’T f^ T TTR|tTRFF
vs. <i. <*>. 1
TPTFFt 3TRS^ |

R3. M ^ F I: ^ f % f r f l ^ 20 ^ H .
tRld^l^ I - to weep

t Ttf^fcT, R. 3 , OR^Rr,
3. having narrated, 4. playing (on the veena), 5. rows of trees, 6. a
pair of herons, 7. hunter, 8. the male-bird, 9. killed, 10. the female
heron, 11. dying, 12. lamented, 13. feeling pained, 14. delighted, vs. I
15. appeared, 16. from the month, 17. having said so, 18.
disappeared, 19. facing east, 20. twentyfour thousand 21. having taught, 22. made them learn by heart, 23. respectable.
 s fH - To stop, to obstruct
?. W ife, R. 3. ^ q fc T , In enjoying wordly pleasures there is the fear of
disease, a reputed family has the fear of disrepute,
<J. ^ T -f5 fc « T , *.. | abundance of wealth causes the fear of the king-
government, self respect has the fear of having to
^ - To speak
beg, power has the fear of enemies, beauty has
?. H. ^FTct, 3. the fear of oldage, learning has the fear of an
V. K. ^ c T : - c I T - ^ \. opponent, virtue has the fear of rum ours spread
vs. 6. tfA c = ) l- f^ % I by wickedmen, and our body is in constant fear of
death. Thus is everything in this world, there is
3. J T ^ ^ I - ^ some fear or the other for men. Only when one
^RJTT^T ^R lfW h T W | renounces everything, there is no fear.
f^ W I« l*T l4 l< H f Tftr? p r f ^ r t ^ II 3T^TCT*f:
W hat is it a m an perform s to obtain heaven? - As for sensual pleasures, TtWT^ - there is
leaving the first and the last letters of it, you get the fear of disease, <§& - for a reputed family,
the answer to the question “ where are the - the fear of the disrepute, - for
attributes of a cow found?.” Find the answer. wealth, - the fear of the king, - for
Answer - ^lJiRfa: - sacrificial rites, self respect, - the fear of having to beg, #
Leaving the first and the last letters we get - for strength, - the fear of an enemy, ^ -
which means in the cow’. The attributes of a cow can for beauty, WTT: - the fear of old age, -
be found in the cow only. for learning, - the fear of an opponent,
- for virtues, - the fear of wicked men,
V. - ?<* - and for this body, ^cfRTf^ - the fear of
drnpi frT =s^frm death, # - in this world, - for men, ^
ft^ P T SRFTT I
everythig, w f^cT ^ - has a cause for fear, ^
^ ri^ P T ’p it ^ H P T
- Renunciation alone, 3TW^ - causes no fear.
*nt ^ rt ii
 7

I M I y i^ r f l f a f l4 > f ^ n I aT M c ^ : I

% R # ^ m frF T ^ rr jfr p fW fir #

^ rr-‘ Jnm<n f ^ n w r q M ^ rr: n 5 i q ^ frr i a r j* ^ t e i tf3
(T W h ^
2^: i h^ i # 1
Desire is a river; wishes are its water; greed
s q ffc I “ c ^ ^ W : I
is the waves there in; passion is the crocodile;
9d M ^ T f¥ I 3^ W ffcm fm : I 3PT |:*JFFT: I
and the thoughts to obtain various things are the
3 ^ t 11 [ ^ p R : W R F T f # r ^ 1 % 12 I ^ qt W I
birds flying over it. This river uproots the tree i ^ r w w fr^ r ^ fc r i qTq^r
of courage. Ignorance is a whirlpool in this
I 3Tcfr14 h Rc^h I 3?^ I
fathomless river which cannot be crossed.
W orries are its banks. Great sages who have
crossed this river called desire are blissful with ?. + 3FjpFT -
h. 3t^ ^ pi + - 3ur«Pr:
a pure mind.
5*5: +
v. JT: + (WT:)
. wishes are water, ^pWjfT|r<7r - Greed k. S: + fzsft - (®fo:)
fcflTOpT: («W:)
If lhe WaVeS’ - Passion is the crocodile,
^ -

\S. 2 % : + (< ■ *!< :)

- The thoughts to obtain various things
^ - f ^ T ^ : (cTTT:)
are the birds flying over it, - This river
?TT: + W +
uproots the tree of courage, .......-
?°. *RTK: + - f ^ F T ^ : (3) + 3I7RT^ :
Ignorance is a whirl pool in this fathomless river * ??. 3RT: + ft^ F T : - fW T ^ T : Q3) + 3T7^ f^ [:
which cannot be crossed, 9T^fffVdM<f| - worries ?R. - 3?3=TTT^Tf^:
are its banks, - the great sages, - ?3. ^ - 5Trm f^ :
with a pure mind, W W i: - who cross, OTT^TT TRT ^ ?*. 3TrT: + f w t ^ r q ; - f^T’T ^ r : (3) +

- the river called desire, ^ f % - are blissfull. a. told, b. to be seated c. (you are) practicing penance,
d. desire of victory
S-9
S-9
 8

I 3TtT: | <Sft
W f ^ 5 W : 33 I JPT f5^T inf^T I
p R T " ffa fR R I^ | 3 ^ T : “ r^TtrR17 |
w * h i f t 1 a r^ jt t t q # sf ^ 35
f r ^ r i 18 I 1V | T R - ^ s ^ ^ s f ^ 20 I
W m i f a 9” ffcf 1
5 # R T s F fT ^ 21 ^ T O W f ^ c R I ^ 22 | JFfERt23 g f a M 24
| : ^ T ¥ :25 I cfW TT^ cTFTTfTT26 ^ | ^ 5. 3T^HW =MHlPl I f^R ^ s f^ T rTT: ^
^ ^ « ^ ^ = j : 27 | ^ 3 T lT T * T f ^ T ^ r m : 28 | 3T^Tt ^TTW:36 I ftRTCT*HT«f^ ^ ^ 7
$ dc|,l 1 ^ i« * in R « '( i^ i ^ w 38 q i ^ r I ^ t r t c r ; f c R H ; i
^m T H t29 ^ wf^RT.* i |r q ^ iw sjjfq?^ I | # i ^ 30
'3R5', *rf r4K'tr=l 1 cTT: ^ h fta ii.^ I sfKcTTfn^T39
^^TF T T cTFTT: W f^ u f « y |ftd « ||^ |
ffTOSTRT:40 | cfFPi h3TO^HI 5 ^ :41 f^ f t W T ^ |
I ^ ^ R t s P n g 31 ^ 4>{lfrl | ajrT: ? l ^ T : 32 a r ^ n f ^ : |
Srrf^TrT: | f^TTs^T42 ^tR R ; I

? \. T^W: + Tfwr# - % p f# *T : ( 3 ) + Tpn^Jr: ^ f fr l43 ^ R ? :1 I ^ | ^ u | j ^ r n i R M 44 f r R T ^ |

?$.. 7IWTcfft + 3ff*% - it^ R T f^ T : 3#T: I kf ^ 5 f ^ : I t f a 45 f^R:

?vs. c^TT + 3rfi^ - aTFTrRT^ I
?<i. fc n j + 3 T ^ - q^ETfiSr:
3* + (5) + 3TTRTf^ ; + JPT + 3Tf^5rf: -

* • . ai#T: + arf^r - f ^ r f ^ ; ( 5 ) + j t o ^ . + ?V. Fs^T + a ig ir^ - W f^ T f^ :

* ? . fT fs ff: + 3WUWH- f o r f a i t : ( 3 ) + + tj^ T f^ T : 3\. . T^f^RTf^T:
arft + 3TTg.d^K - <r3*rf%: H - 3T^T: + 53TTW; - f ^ p f ^ T : (^) + 3^ ^ :
H3. W + sra^T: - «N: + ^ - (^ t1?:)
^V. 3T!R: + 3 ^ % ; - ft* H « R r : ( 3 ) + 50^ . \6. ^
H\. 3^ % : + ^ : ^ T ; . fo frfa f^ . ( 3 ) +
n. <mi + 3 # r -
'TFT + 3TT|TT -
V®. WN; + (^ T :)
H\S. fcSFT + fg ^ f; -
V?. 3TW IMI: + g ^ : - f ^ f ^ ; ( ^ . )
3TW + 3TFTW: -
v r. f^R: + a rw ^ - f^Ff^rRr: (^) + jtrref^r; +
*PT + 3TJR: - ?T?«f<{ltfy(^:
V?. JJ^r + ffa - f^T<f«Pr: ( ^ . )
3 °. f r f * R : + ^WTPTTij; - fo p fa R f: ( 3 ) + Jtrof^T:
«• + 3TF?7g - fa m fS fc ( 3 ) + 3^ : + VV. H: + fTTtf^TJ^ - ( ^ tf;)

? 1 3 :+ ^ :- % p f^ r : ( f l^ . ) V \. ?RT + ^

e - had it done, f. must.be won over “— g. (will) spend, h. unable to bear, i. demon, j. in the form of
boar, k. to kill, 1. in the guise of a hunter,
S-9
 10

f3 # 4 6 ^ r i ^ M t 47 ^FT I s r^ rr^ T T
w r I 3TW T 3 W *T ^T#t W i_ n I w f t 50 ^ T :l TT3RJ - O King !
g ^ ; ^uf U *fm i*m « il< II - is
F ^T
f t T*T: ¥1 ^fcT ? -
$ i( k ^ ? - 3 ^ ^
n . ^T t S rftt 5 ^ F T
^ ? - f^RTT ^
STTrlTT ^ W f it W ^ P T ^T^T: !
ft^RTT ^ -*RfcT ? - 3TTcTTT
cftSPTrt:
% ^ ? - a^T; ^
7F%: ^ ^nfrf **fr? s fa i II
*PTft 3T^T: ? - ?f% T#T
T R f^ rn r:
- goes
T$:, tfm t ^m ’ ^ ^ *>: *TTft ? - t f a :
3R3T:, cf:, S T^rT:, ^F%:, ^ ^rrfcT ? -

tfa : I %: *TTfo ? -

m M v # f f t : %: ? - c^F%:

Oh ! king. Human body is like chariot, sense *>: ^ *TTfrT ? - ^ &

^ tp : ? - aTSmrf:
organs are the horses and soul is the charioteer.
As one rides comfortably with good horses yoked
%: ^TTfcT ? -
to the chariot, so does a man who has controlled
his senses go on the right path. W rite the prose order and meaning of the
above verse.
ftR: + 05) +
3 0. TTT^R I
V'S. T O W I + -
tft J T fH f^PTcT: ||
V<i. 3 ^ : + 3 # - f M # * : (* ) + JS ™ ^: +
W. ^ - O ^W ^O T^fWfT:
V . TOI; + ^?T: - f^TTOf^T: (3) +
P J ^ t, ??, ir f r , a r f ^ f t ,
m. shot (an arrow) n. struck, o. to take * t a : , % eft, f^F fcT : |
 12 13

r llM ^
Oh ! great king ! Due to the hatred of
Just as a net with small m esh traps even two
Pandavas, the wisdom of your sons is obscured.
big fish, through the sense organs, lust and anger
You are not understanding them.
take away the wisdom of man.
W rite the prose order and meaning.

- Oh King ! vs.

p - just as (they are) covered

3T) Join the words and name the form the
visarga took.
^ f r ^ ^
Ex - Jjqfr: + - fo pfaRf: (^TR:)
? - 'jfr ^ r
^ + WF%, +
'JTT^'T ? - aTFTcT:, Tfa: + 3^fcT, +
f^ R rf: - snatch away, take away . TO: + + g , ifR :

? - <ft + =nrfcT, W $: + 3 ^ , -ifa : + (

^ i\ ? -
an) Split the words and name the form the
f% t^TrT: ? - WFT^ - - object visarga took.
W rite the prose order and meaning of the Ex - ^TfrTRT: = ^qfcf: + (*WTC:)
above verse. fll? ts f% :, 3 T IW ^ ^ R , SfaT

*0 frr ’r tttn ?r 5 ^ F r i w f a i a rrt, '*Fff ^T:;

TF5TR T II ^c T W :, ^ c H l ^ l : , TOfsTOc]; |

ct, 3 5nun ^ hi ^ w ih?

There are popular maxims in Samskrit, They
^ 23 ^ « T % II
are like proverbs. The use of these adds charm to
1. obscured, 2. not understanding the speech. Here are a few examples.
 14 15
?. - An unexpected coincidence is &
com pared to cW't>di?fN'"tll'4: ■ A crow went and ^ rro ft
sat on a palm tree and at the same time a
m iH W l
fruit fell from the tree. W hen two things occur
Samskrit Through Correspondence
at the same time though they have no
Serial No.
connection, this maxim is quoted.
- A beggar had no room even
to stretch his legs. A generous man gave him ’7T3:
accomodation. Slowly the beggar occupied the ST^TT:
whole house and threw out its inmates. 1. Translate the following story into Samskrit.
In a certain village there lived a rich man. He
used to collect rare stone idols. Once he
stayed at a friend’s place. In that village there
was a farmer. He had found an idol buried in
his field. The rich man bought it from him.
The farmer thought- “ how foolish people are !
They waste money on stones.”
The rich man also thought- “ how foolish
people are ! They sell fine art for filling their
stom ach.”
2) W rite the of the following verse and
explain it.
f| spfFI TTTCcT i
rRTrJTR II

r NOTE : Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper and send N
v it to us.________________________________________________________________/
 c(7t f | 'q R : T R S rfa T 1 % e £ o Mc^ i Rh R |

f ^ T : ^ to H T m: r^ c lir^ 11
F o r c ap a b le p e rso n s w h at is im p o ssib le ? F o r
industrious persons what is distance ? For literates which
is an alien land ? For soft speaking persons w ho is a
stranger ?

TTf| T R T S tft 'RT TR I

3 T F T ^ d c f "q t W T eTfaft cW\c\$-. ||

The w orld is his, w ho says to a m an in difficulty -

come, tell, don't worry, be confident and don't fear.

W fs frT W W c U ^R ^T T ' ^ T T : I
i%% ^ T f^ n ^ w R T i n
Just as they think, they sp e a k . Just as they speak, they
act. The great persons have unity in thought, words and
action.

^ T T -
IW fT : mtSTTSf T I

v_______________________ _______— y
S'S, ? , ° ° °
~?c

&
ii w m , - «nr<| n

^ T K rft

w rt^ ts ttt ^ h F f^ R r

Samskrit Through Correspondence

"Aksharam" 8th Cross, II Phase, Girinagar,
Bangalore-560 085. Ph.: 6721052

Serial No.

frr^ rr
II TfrTSW, -jTBTrT, JTW qTTf^RTv:RT II
Arise, awake, stop not till the goal is reached.

fa re : v iz i)
?. f ^ T :

4 tm W :

?) *TFt i
H) f^TRcft2 I
\) ^K-MTTT ^ T T frf: ^ ^T : ^THT: 3 W t
f^ lc ^ I
V) qT^T: ^ n r fc T : ffcT f ^ f ^ T 3 a r f t f ^ T ^RFFT:

3TCPTFT I

\) 3T^T 3TKM 5 ^ W ^ T f ^ 6 q t^ c R T H 7 I
\) a^T : 3 tT ^ - ! ^ T t: ^ T t: JR T*j
t o 8 p rm " ffr i
1. Having got ready, 2. stood, 3. having chosen, (they) 4. took,
5. having made him board, 6. towards the battle field, 7. started,
8. having taken
VS) FTT1FT !jf^ T f r r it: ?0 ^ W\ $R: % r R ^ T
*v% v i p r t a R 10 i
* \) ^ ^ R f: ^ R tfM -d^ 3T^T28 I
6) cR: 3T^T: 3^ f^ R f
Ro) AfaTWMH,29 ^ P ^ ” 3° ^
iH r q r ^ a w 'd t fW n ^ ttt^ 11, s ^ : 12,
HTOJcft ^H sO dlH; ^ M R 31 I
S P T R ^ 3tf§TcR R J

\) ^ w ft\ 1

?o) ! ir * t r # t 13 t f k f % 14, rffc ^ : 15 ^ rfrT ,

^ - to obtain
^ W ^l ^ ^ V& ^ T 3 16 * I
?. R. < 7 * ^ 3 . 0 ' ^ d
??) ^ R ^T TF?T, g?jT ^ ^ |
V. tfsN^-R, ^ n Hrf l4IH^ ^T - "

? ^ ) R d lH ^ I< {l< T R T ft^ n TPT STTg 'T 3Tft3<TTfa I - SRft, vs. W R : - TT, - W&Q,

? 3 ) 3RT: i T ^ q N s q ^ T ;17 ^ ^ j f i f |’
\. I

to cut, to divide
?V) f^ T g ^ 3Tq:f ^ T 18, ^ ^ R ^ ^
t- R d '^ K 19 I ?. ^TTfcT, R. 3. t f R ^ f t ,
V. tfR d 04! ^ <\. - •TT - •T^ V -
?<\) - “ S f^ f ! W ^t +W c4^
^ f t , vs. ^ - eft, - 3 ^ T , <*.. 3 % ^ I
3TFT?rq;? # ^ t 20 cq^rT p 4<^<fcfot21 ^ t f ^ 22
*Tt£ 23 f l « f t M 24” I ^ - to talk
ND

?. ssfa, h . iiR«ricr,
?$,) a ^ T : ^ T : ^ 4 d = ll< - “ jC f : ^ F ^ T t ^ ^ R 25 f ^ T
V. ^ # T ^ , ^ c T : - cTT - 5,. ^ R d ^ l <
a p p rfo j ^ r ^ r f a i
- ^ f t , vs. ^ - 3 P ^T , 3 % ^ I
• ?vs) c T ^ T T 26 f^r^prr f m % I f% w M (
- to live
3 F R ° ffa ^ f^ R 3T$3, ^ F f H 27 3TCW*f: I
?. ^TfcT, R. ^ \. ?m$i,
v. w^ r ;, k. ^ T : - wt - cR^ #R hr;
9. having driven forward, 10. stopped, 11. maternal uncle,
12. friends, 13. limbs, 14. failing, 15. tremor, 16. to stand, -^ft, vs. - =rfr, - ^T, I
17. (I have) began, 18. put down, 19. wept, 20. cowardice,
21. weakmind, 22. having driven away, 23. to fight, 24. be ready,
25. killing, 26. compared to it, 27. now 28. lamenting, 29. pretext, 30. (I have) killed, 31. Instructed.
 4 5

- to grow, increase wn, 5 R % :, 'M ^ t , a rft, ^

V. k. - <TT - - d lr M ^
3cft, \s. ^ J T H : - % <S. ^ f T - W ^, I Kindness of spirit adorns wealth. Restraint over speech
adorns valour. Wisdom is adorned by detachment to
worldly matters. Modesty adorns scholarship. Charity to the
3. jA t e l - S® deserving adorns wealth. Penance is adorned by absence
of anger. Forbearance adorns the capable and lack of pre­
^t ^R n ^ n r w : 5^ 1
tence adorns religious practices. But character which is the
f% fa g 11 root cause of all these qualities is the greatest ornament.

3FFT:
Who is the wife of Vishnu the enemy of Kaliya ? Which
indeclinable is used in the sense of “again' ? Which is re­ ?pR<TT, 3TCWT:, fTRFT 3 W T :, gcTFT
vered by all the Gods ? Which is the nicest among fruits ? to :, ftrTFT WW: a t o : , 5PT%: m ,
Answer in one word.
p M k c f! ^ i ^ qt I
Answer- - A particular kind of fruit.
3T ^m :
^TT - Lakshmi, 3 " again,
- kindness, - is a decoration, -
- the Shivalinga for wealth, W W : - controlled speech - adorns
valour, 3W : - detachment to wordly things, 51 MW -
V. adorns wisdom; R h4!: - modesty, - adorns learning,
: - distribution amongst the deserving, R tIW -
^ fF T ^pHrTT # f F T ^ W T 1
adorns wealth, 3T?Ft^: - absence of anger, cTTO: - adorns
s fR F ftW T :2 ^rTFT f%^nft3 f^TFT ^ I penance, and - forbearance, SPTfoj: - adorns the
4t o w t w : sw r jn r f t ^ lif F T 5 P M ^ d i powerful, a#T - for every body, -
’h4^k'J|R4< ^ n character which is the cause of everything, q t - is
the greatest ornament.
|j|j

# fa r, qiW W T:, fTRFFT, - It

3 W T :, ^TFT, to :, flrfF T , m , *W :, cTTO:, R h ^ i M t * t f t JTTrT; W w W r p i r o : 1
37M: jftsfrT i r ^ T T ^ t 1 rR fa2 ^ J p M H I H I ^ : 3 11
1. ( ^ R :) , 2. 3. (3 ? K :)
4. ( ^ K : ) , 5. f f f l’UiR r: ( ^ : ) 1. 2. 3. T w RT:
 a^T : - “ 'frRFT ^FT: f ^ f 5 ^ T : e I ^
T f ^ 6 WFT: I JW a p f a i f 3FTFTF$Tr7 :TTf^f I
*rrq ^ 3^ :, 3 rrw :,
WFT: 5l^FcT:h I a p t R k * % 8 ^F T 9 ^fcT ^ 3 ^ :' I
^fefcf, l^ fc T , a r ^ : , ^ a jft, =T, 32^ anTTNT^: I
^ cH ciftft | ^ 10w f ^ K t s ^ ^ " ?fcT I
rTf?q4^
I R M I^ < 11 u 4iJ«K M I< I f^OcT^T: f^ R :
Day and night, dusk and dawn winter and spring keep
w p ft i M W :k a ^ ^ 3^ + 0^ I
coming. Time passes like play. Life is also spent. Inspite of
all this the ghost of desire never leaves us. TO ^R T:1 I a ^ R ft ftR P T 3?f: + lfM m 123 < N H d ^ I
a ^ F R m f t 13 W ^ R R H " I M : ^ 3 ^ R jf ^ R T : 0 I
3T^pTT$T:
to n ^ M ^ 3 ^ g fr n j; i 1% T ^ t a : p i
R 'I^ i Ph'-h) - Day and night, - evening, STRT: - and
t o f t s c f R 15 3 ^ M : I arrT^T ie ^ t i ^ w P f > a « i l < q
morning, RlRK'W -dl - winter and spring, 3TFM: - come,
“ t o f t s ^17 I < m ft JW WFT«f f f 5^ ^ tfc T I
3 ^ : - again and again, <FT^: - Time, sftefrT - plays,
18a # s ^ ^ ftRTcT: I f^T R % T F T 19 T O ig jt p H IV 'Ifa :” g ffr I
- life, 3T^f% - is spent, - even then, arRMTjJ: - the
5 . 3pr + 3rft - *r. h.
ghost of desire, ^ 3 ^ ^ * doesnot leave us.
6. w + ^ - ffe rR r:,
7. ^FTFT + Wlm - TT.^f.TT.
3 7 P *T W 8. f^TFT + W - f . S .,
9. SfFT: + #T - f t . tf. (# T :)
10. JTTT + 3Tf^R : + 3?f^r + ^ ft.H . ( ^ R : ) ,
3 ^ : , l4 v w R r : , *F p R r: I
f^R: ^ 'FN T I aTFM 3 a j ^ f f^ f o d d l^ -
11. ftTCFT + - 3 'W R r:
- ffrf W f ^ W T : 2 I a^T: gT*fat | 3TFT
12 . 3 ^ f t + 3 tft? fh ; - w f ^ f a R r :
eK I$H ^ WFTt3 ^ T : b | W: arf^RFT0 ftRFT ^FT: I 13. 3T^T: + ^ - f t .tf. (*F R :)
I WFU 4^ ! W JIF T N ^ T d ffcT I 14. ^TT: + ^ f W : - f t . t f . , ^ R r f^ T :
15. t o r : + 3T#T - fa.tf. 3°T:, ^ V H ^ R r: I
16. + ar^^T: + dP4>d'IHs - ^T .^.^., f t . ^T. (H ^R :)
1 .fl: + 3TTWT - f^Ff^rf^T: (# T :), 17. ft^RT: + 3FT^ - f t .t f . 3 °RTRr:, ^ V ^ R r : I
2. JW + arf^TN: - W f^ h f^ T :, 18. 3R: + 3 T ^ - ft.^T. (^K -.), 3 gR R r:, ^ M y R r : I
3. 3FT: + e5^: - ( ^ IT :) 3*RTRr:, 19. R °q i# : + 3R? - ft.^ t. (T)_____________________________
e) hidden, f) others, g) simultaneously, h) shot, i) there is no proof,
4. ^FTFT + SfTS'^IH -
j) went back, k) a group of goblins, I) was defeated,
a) having come, b) stuck, c) lord, d) theft m) Shanmukha, n) defeated, o) left for, p) astonished, q) reflected
(thought), r) reduced,
 cffits^T; ‘M R ' 20H W I^' I 3#T JT ^T : V 3 M < u - 'H w r c :
jftc T : | ?RJ cTFT ^ h 'ta l'- ^ ltflc H 'H I21 I
V t. rT C W ^ s [ ! VfV$ ^TftT ^ r f f ? T I
R ^ M H 22 I 3 # T : TRT^q f^ T c R T ^ I I rRT:
jt t *m : ^ T i w f t ^TTCT 3 ^ ^ ^ II
Pti<Ia i^ h I«i =) i^.s^T1! 23 I
q^T F T :
^ ^13^1 I 3^ xfoW W :24 i s ^ rT r ft25
i 3% fa : s q ft ^ T r R i ^ 1 i a ^ r a r e q qr^ cTW ^ T&FSi, >J*T*f, -T, 3PJc% a ^ % , ITT, TO:,
i^cTTW T:, 3^4^ a ^ I
I ^ ftR : ? | I f?R: 'PM M ^' q f t r ^ T
£ R W R F ftfr R T ^ I a ^ T : f f r t I 26% q t s ^ ^ rT W T ^
3 T T fe te T ^ u I r^T I 3 ^ t e M I ^ 27 I Oh king ! Never tell a lie for the sake of the kingdom
(earth). For the sake of your son if you refrain from speak­
aT^Tf q t 5TTf^M ^ - T O « I *TT*R ^ f | ” ffrT I
ing the truth, (that half of the kingdom must go to the
ftp*: W$W*1 ^ P ^ T V ‘ qTfJHdl^' | q jifc ijft Pandavas) with your children and ministers you will be de­
stroyed.
f ^ T R R w I aT^Tt f^FTN ITTf^FT f? H T ^ I
^ if & 'il 3Tfq 3 ^ M T W f ¥ 8 ^ tT=FcT: I f^ W ^ ^ T 29 3T«RFC^TT
a ^ p 30 f^fTT: | ^ ar^Rr - you can not
^ : ? - cP^ - <bfo4%
20. + 3 T ^ - tf.^.TT.
f% =r |
21. ^ T s + + 3FT5TT - ^ c ^ R r : , J]^RTf%:
22. f t w + ^TRR - W r H ^ T : ft ? - ^W i 1
23. ..3 T ^ # : + * i § j 5 ^ - f^. tf. (*) I
^ + 3TR®^R
............... -
*TT TO: - do not attain
24. t-# r: + (i)
25. W*Tt: + 3Tft - ft. tf. (I) f% ITT ^W: ? - I
26. f^R: + 3Tft + 3T^T^ - fa.tf. (3 ), <J=fewf^T:, ? - WlI
^r°ijrf^r: i # |? T : ^ ? - ^H W T :
27. 3®Tfft: + ^ + 3 R ^ - ft.tf. (ff), ^ T ,
3^T: ^ T : ? - I
28. 3T^TN + a tw fa -
f% ^ a i | ^ ? - I
29. f ^ T + 3TT|TF[ -
30. 3T^T: + ^ - f^.'ET. (i), J^RTf^T: Write the prose order and word to word meaning of the
above verse.
s) shot (left) t) jumped up, u) embraced, v) secret, w) taught
 10 11

^3. M ils 'll w f o I T<fa*TFT:

H5 5^ L " W {j # R ,
q^fafTFTt S m fog, -f^ fT :, cf, ^

# :, 3®f; , i^ \ : , g, ’TF^TT:, W ^T , *& , ^ 5 I

# % , ?t5, # R , 3 ^ > r!W h ^

< \\M \ Dhritarashtra ! enter into a treaty with the Pandavas, Let
The Pandavas endowed with all virtues look upon you not your enemies wish to divide you. The Pandavas are
truthful. You stop Duryodhana from waging war.
as their father. You too look upon them as your children.
3tH<H^HI
I
(they) are - Oh ! Dhritarashtra of the Kuru race !
% #% ? - qF^T: - - Oh king !

^t^TT: MIU^ T : 1 - 3^TT: I - enter into a treaty

%: ^ rfT : ? - 3®t: I 3>: ? - ^ - W rfw t

# fft: ? - * f: I %: ^ ? - T F S t: ^
#% ? - I JTT STFf*Fg - Let them not pray for
? - c^R l % ? - ft'FT:
3vR fa R : ? - ^
w f* T ! O king !
f a JTT - rift - (object -
- Behave
t^TrfT: - they are
^«T 3 # ? ? - 3 ^ I
f^T f^TcTT: ? - ^ I
%3 Wcfe? ? - ^ 3 I
% ^ f? ^ rr: ? - n -
Write the prose-order and word to word meaning of the
above verse. #ftpTT: ^ I
FJM - prevent
3V. t l ^ c H R <hK? !
^: ? - I
HT ftq ? : JTT*f*F5 I
^ fw t ? -
3Tc*T f^T T T B ^
& cm r? ^73.1 II
'O
 12 13

W rite the prose order of the above four parts separately vs.
and all together-write the word to word meaning also.
In the previous lessons, we have learnt about different

^ Wftfo r*T 5 ^ I kinds of FTOTf%:, and I All the

TO ! ^ 3T II rules of Sandhis are summarised here in a different way

so that you may get an overall idea about the rules.
q^fsnTFT:
I The rest is easy.

d lr M ^ 3T/3TT + 3T/3TT
Oh king ! I repeat, If you do not discriminate between + % /i
your children and the Pandavas, treat them both alike. + 3 /^
+ -

3T/3TT + ? /i ^
! - Oh king !
3. 3T/3TT + aft, aft, =
jp ftfa - I tell (you)
- + {W l V. % /i * / *
* ^ * /1 it % + Any non-similar vowel = ^ uj^ R T :

K, # + 3T =
- treat q ,# + Anyvowel except 3T =
+ Any vowel
%3 3TNT ? - 3^3

^ 3 3^3 ? ' ^ 3
3^T: ^ 3 • ' 1. *T & rF^Pf + 3T & w f or vice-versa = 33r=mRf:
^ - If ( fi «T 5 *T ^T) 3 |T 5T)
-3lft-rl - Is
2. ^T & W ? + q & S37! or vice versa = gr=RTf^f:
s rf^r ? -
(Z 3 3 5 «T)
? - cf i
3. ^ rfta S F T + FTC or = 'W 'H P t :
Write the prose order and the word to word meaning.
With these words Vidura warned Dhritarashtra. (soft consonant)
 14 15

4 e)j[tq°qg H + a ijH lftW = 8. HtfteaTFTT: (Popular Maxims)

(Fifth letter of each class)
s p S s p jt r q r ^ F T : - There w as a pond. In the
5 + Consonant = afternoon two friends spotted a lone crane in the
m iddle of the pond. Som ehow the y w anted to catch it.
(other than 3T,
O ne of them suggested that they keep som e butter on
6. + Consonant = ^ ^ k ^RT: the head of the bird and when it m elted and obscured
7, ^ + Vowel = the sight of the bird they could catch it.
Then the other pointed out that they could catch the
(preceded by 1 ^ )
bird when they want to keep butter on its head only.
This maxim is quoted when a work is unnecessarily
complicated.

- A needle is easily passe

+ f^ F f + Followed by = change in a hundred lotus petals as they are very soft. Though the
Preceding letter
needle has pierced all the hundred petals it seems as if it
+ : + Short ar or = ^ (ftw f is very fast. Similarly many things though done in an or­
1. Short ar
derly fashion, when accomplished quickly, one wonders
soft consonant (becomes 3 )
how it is completed. Then the above maxin is quoted.
Any vowel = (f^FPf Try to know more about Maxims.
2. (i) Short 3T +
(except short ar) disappears)

+ vowel or =
(ii) an +
JJ|o*TSR

+ Any letter = tflM

(iii) TT, ^ +
( except short ar)

3. Any vowel + + vowel or soft = (I)

except consonant

short ar

4. Any vowel + + = ^

+ + = \
+ + = No change

(Note : The case 2(iii) is an exception to the case 4.)

 Samskrit Through Correspondence
Reg. No.

ftr^ T

<8rm W(Z: - JHRT;

1) Translate the following passage into Samskrit.
This is a story from Ramayana. Sri Rama killed Ravana
and along with Sita returned to Ayodhya. He was seated
in the court. They remembered the battle. They praised
Hanuman who had found Sita in Ashokavana. Sita gave a
precious necklace to Hanuman. Anjaneya took the neck­
lace. He removed the gems from it and examined them.
Then he crushed them between his teeth and threw them
away. When he kept throwing them away Sita was sur­
prised. She asked him "why he was doing it ?" Anjaneya
replied that he was looking for Rama in the necklace.
When he could not see him there he bit the gems and
examined. He could not find him even ther<?. He then said
that he did not want a thing where Rama is not there so
he was throwing them away.

2) Write the and substance.

4 ffaT: f^ N ifc f J ^ frT

^ ^frT I f w r w ? : '^N i R H I: I

a rffo m ifrtT W T :

f NOTE" '
Please write the answers in a separate sheet of paper
^ and send it to us._____________ ____________ ____________ —'
 SAMSKRITA BHARATI
Samskrit Through Correspondence
'A K S H A R A M ', 8th C ross, 2nd Phase. B A N G A L O R E - 85
© : 6721052

Reg. No............................ D a te ..............................

Dear Participant.
Sadaram Vandanani.
We hope your studies are in good progress. Please note the following
instructions regarding examinations.
yj 'u ■ ■
1. Date of examination is ...............................
2. Fix up any time suitable to your convenience.
Duration
ji-oO
Pravesha and Parichaya - 2r3Q-Hrs
Shiksha and Kovida - 3.00 Hrs
3. Open the cover containing question and answer papers.
Write the answers in the al lotted time.
4. Send the answer papers to us in a sealed cover the next day
itself.
We wish you success in your effort to learn Samskrit.
Thanking you,
Yours Sincerely,

2 -iK s tr^
NOTE : (a) Additional sheets can be 1used if required.
(b) Opening o f the question paper before the date of
examination would be treated as MIS-CONDUCT.
 1)

x iv . mm 3?ipm i 5

1. SjsetfsSsb.
en *4
locb&cb£
_s
a&c&rtofc? rfso. MsHcrHffiRT
The girl, who is reading the shloka is Gouri.
2. —
5£<±>r&ri jJesoeicx&S<-(. sfjsefe. W OTw STT
Give the pen to the boy who is panning.
w i : - MUdl^il^ 3T^r: - ? o o
3. es&fc 5£jcax:3tfr^
_r s-! 4
L&utio.
<.

They caught the thief who was stealing.

4. wOi^CDSo SS-irfvcil, rSj«!?Csb. I. m ^ n n rn r vm w r iw ufw fow rr 1 s
See the coming elephants.
| TIcTOT: 1^4^-MfH '5F: 3TFftcT ?
5. £,S?i©C3?3
eJ c a
o3z>d£&
c? U .5
2. H^idl'tre ?
Shishupala decided to fight with Krishna.
3. Sfrfw fr w % % urf^Jcff: ?
xv. anw rnm m m f> w / 5 4. <jf|Tsq: ^ <^4r^R ?

1. srsr ^ r r 1 5 . ch^rt: ?
2. ■cid'j) •3TTfftcJ^ I 6. 3 ^ r : fs g t cr -s n ffe p r ?
3. W 8 f eT3g*T 3RT: ^ I
II . (ffiWsciiebw ^ fw w r^ sFm rcR t w ?Ttm, m rs'm m r
' 4. ^ r f u | 3TT^PT t f m !
3Tr&wwww m wmzf fd&d 1 ft
5. W W T ^ W JH T asrfw I
1. ‘SPEST STTf w w t ^TTT^t I
fc g t d % F T C ~RT t^TPT II

2. W T ^ "R^T "^T ^ I
W W < £ > d ^ lW 'd H 'P d TT of - q f n ^ r II

in . *p///*ws^w zr^rmef, wmrf w wwsmwm 3nwwwwvT w

fcrmr 1 8

1 7TRI ■STRT:
^ i f V K c l f f ^ '{H J I^ 'ld : I
■^TeT: s b U ft 'It*$'pL|FJ:
cT^XT ^ • g ^ l ^i r ^ : II
2. e T t^ T f e d f^ETT c*T
 M il. ^cRw^rwrrfw femct 1 5
^rc cr ii
1 . <T5l% 1
3. 3TFJ?Kt TpTEfhliT: ^ R % |
2 1
3 T ^ w n t ? t w : "W t^ t ':n f^ r'Jj q ^ 11
3. cf^T .................................... i
IV. 5P7b 3rfm F t cfrwz'wwm 3rrw ^rvm rr wr farwtT i 4 4. mcftt ................................ 1
1. i ^TBTcT I WU ^T Tf5ratsB I 5.................. .............. $ d £ R l: I
2. 3 T ^q ^f^i% ^7 7j- y j-tic ^ iq •JTq^: |
IX. W T F T <Sfa d lid WTTfoT I 5
3. ^ # T % 'eracSFTf ^ &#T I
1 I
V. w#&Rzr 3 W wpf^mwm 3n&erwwm w fcrntr i 4
2. T? mcRTT ■ ' « qfcRT: I
1 T^lcT '^ uy ^ H | '<5T<£F% | 1% fRT iR R ? fapfJJcT I
3. it h g^aran o ti I^ t ^ k Tt i
2. f e W T f^ W T ^ r fW T I ^ 5 T ^ W J ?
3. 3TT5TRWT: IF cT ^ % q ? 4 ^ '3RT: i- 'fe ^ T : i
5. c T c T ^ TTWFT W FT Tff • I
v i. w nzw m r ^ w j t m fk ^ jd / (w tftft) 12

1. ocnfsr: cPfaR: ^ § r° 7 fa : I X. 3t) Trfiir fa v w wfenm icmw i 6

2. % c|elM' ^ 1 ^ ohl4'HIST^T: I l.u f^ fa :. WsrdFT 3. w r r c 4 . ■wf^rd:

3. " ^ , " ^ T iy T T f e F r m ^ 1 5. ^ F R 6. W fG f:
4. f £ T : W r ^ M ! 3T% ! an) w jftq wFmrw 1?rwtf 1 6
5. T O : ITS^ f^ T T . ‘M c l^ d |
1 . <T<T + -m: 2. ^TcT + «r^: 3. WTRTT: +
6. TTt^TSTMt W{ ^ 5 T ^TTl^T I
4 . c[f%: + 14^1^ 5. W T3 + 6. WTS + 3rt^T
v ii. yttfcichfgzrw srefjT zm w wprgwrnr 3 m ^ n rm i wr
fa m i 6 XI. clWQTpl W / 9

I.W T 2. W -rlM 3. y ^ d d 7
1. ^TT > 7 ^ rr chrfci’MKIcl: % Rc7Ji|H I
% TFZ <-|4^c)H|M T J ^ J II 4 TSftiT 5 .W G.pRtexTT:

2 ^ t l t f r w- t t w t f^ im n 1 .. : 8. 'cj-^-hj'ih 9. ^ranR

XII. vm - cfr^: mfr<i*jpm c f^ w ^ r f e w / 10

3. - 3 ^ 5 ^ W W : '3FTRT: | i ) «fi^)UJiw H^iei'l-cH'H i 2 1 f^ r a r F fw i: "5 ^ 7 i

■?TTS^tR "qt IcM M lfcl Tf f4^tlHl5| TH?RT: I I

\m . W f ^ trtt ^ § H rm T ^ ' w n ^ t f a r ^ jf i i 4
xv. 313cm 1 5

?. esftfc -O
rf«3a^5,oi &©eacS<sb.
She saw the dancing peacock. SPPefedH,
R. o3c3a.^rrt?b
2) 200do sratfrWrfiot Ladcto.
After coming hom e students read the lessons.
3 . rfsoSe rfrtete^ o±>s&>?35rfao±> d d d sfce£)d.
Delhi is on the bank of river Yamuna. W T r-W IW ^ - '^fsfTR' ^ 11 W ! P HI
■*. Lc&SobsS s&dofto&db 8 cSab. <f l PgT: - ?oo ^ n ^ ra r:, ^ . O ^ . ^ o o ?
-0 ca
The running girls fell down.
I. TR^hPJTWQT W&MI W&MI^ <dTwfil fd<sld I 5
ao0o£o3tfcd
_o
rfao ±>0
co
c£oe5£>rte?s$.
There are fishes in the flowing river. ?. ^ g f W *p^T 3T^TOT TTTt^TT -FT ?
t w i ; 3 iw s n ^ iTh ^fcr ■srfcr^T^t
^Tictl^ ?

3 . ^n^NJ): <.|vJl^qq|*|IM i^rfSclcd^ ?

h . iw n ^ ^ n V i % : •H^uuii ?

II. TTW&T MtfaVFPf 3FWZRW1T W fcffWc^T, WW^WWm

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