CPLD 1.

1
CPLDs
 Complex Programmable Logic Devices
(CPLDs) are digital devices that can be
programmed with digital logic functions.

 The functions are designed using a

software application and uploaded to
the chip.

CPLD 1.2
CPLDs
 The programmed logic functions may be
relatively simple or complex.

Many aspects of the VHDL programming

language resembles other programming
languages.

The graphic editors resemble Electronics

WorkBench / MultiSIM.

CPLD 1.3
 Programmable Logic
 First introduced in the 70’s, programmable devices fall
into several families of devices:
 PLA (Programmable Logic Array)
 PAL (Programmable Array Logic)
 GAL (Generic Array Logic)
 SPLD (Simple Programmable Logic Device)
 CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) popular
 FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) very popular

Embedded systems are another group of programmable devices but include more
complex elements such as a microprocessor. Examples include microcontrollers
and complete systems such as portable telephones, music players, vehicle
computers, etc..
CPLD 1.4
Terminology
 Many earlier devices were OTP (One-Time
Programmable). The PAL (Programmable Array Logic)
is this type of device.

 Today, most of the CPLDs (Complex Programmable

Logic Devices) and FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate
Arrays) are re-programmable.

CPLD 1.5
CPLD 1.6
 Advantage #1:
Reduced circuit board space utilization, and significant cost
savings

A low-end 44-pin
CPLD is equivalent
to 600 gates

Some CPLDs have gate

equivalents in the millions
and over 324 pins
CPLD 1.7
Advantage #2:

Easiest to modify a circuit’s functions

 Modify the software to modify the hardware

CPLD 1.8
Advantage #3:

 Direct entry of conceptual design into a

functional circuit
 Streamlined design to prototype process

CPLD 1.9
Advantage #4:
 Transportable design
 As a designer you may easily exchange your
designs and design modifications (email, CD,
web site, etc…). People separated by
distance may work together on the same
design.

CPLD 1.10
Advantage #5 and #6:

 Universal inventory, as one IC can be

programmed for various applications

 Easy to duplicate

Design

CPLD 1.11
Advantage #7:

 Re-programmability
 CPLD can be reprogrammed hundreds of
times.

Design 1

Design 2

Design 3

CPLD 1.12
Advantage #8:
 Software and Language

 Manufacturers of CPLDs supply design software

(basic software is often offered as a free
download for students)

 VHDL (‫هي اختصار لـ‬VHSIC HDL ‫وهي اختصار لـ‬Very High

Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description
Language) is a standards-based language that most
manufacturers conform to (although there are 2
standards).

CPLD 1.13
Advantage #9 and #10:

 Simple Interface
 Devices can be interfaced directly to a
computer with a serial, parallel or USB
connection.

 In-circuit modifications
 With the proper interface connections, the
CPLD logic can be edited (reprogrammed) in-
circuit.
CPLD 1.14
Advantage #11:

 Package options
 Number of I/Os: CPLDs can have large amounts of
programmable input/output contacts.
 Capacity: CPLDs can be selected based on programming
capacity.

CPLD 1.15
CPLD 1.16
Basic Architecture

•CPLDs are comprised of SPLDs.

•SPLDs are an SOP-style of programmable devices

•SOP (Sum Of Products) takes the form

Y=ABC+ABC+ABC

CPLD 1.17
Basic Architecture
 Programmable Sum-Of-Products
 Has basic make/break connection logic

Each intersect is
either connected or
disconnected to
make up the SOP
connections.

CPLD 1.18
Basic Architecture
 Example of an SOP connection:
What is the Boolean
Expression for this
circuit? (go back 2 slides)

CPLD 1.19
Basic Architecture
 Programmability

 The devices vary by their complexity and their

programmability/re-programmability.

 The node connections are make internally

during the programming process.

CPLD 1.20
Basic Architecture (SPLD)

In Out
In Out
AND Array OR Array
In Out
In Out

Depending on the device, the above blocks may

be fixed, programmable or re-programmable.

CPLD 1.21
The CPLD
 The Complex Programmable Logic Device
(CPLD) consists of arrays of Simple
Programmable Logic Devices.

 These SPLD are interconnected with a

Programmable Interface Array (PIA).

 Additional elements in a CPLD include

flip-flops and directional control.
CPLD 1.22
Basic Architecture (CPLD)

PIA (Programmable Interconnect Array)

LAB LAB
I/O (Logic Array Block) (Logic Array Block) I/O

LAB LAB
I/O (Logic Array Block) (Logic Array Block) I/O

CPLD 1.23
Manufacturers
 CPLDs are manufactured by several companies
including:
 Altera
 Atmel
 Cypress
 Texas Instruments
 Xilinx

 All utilize similar internal configurations but require

proprietary software to compile and update the devices.

CPLD 1.24
Altera
 Altera (www.altera.com) is one of the leaders in the
CPLD marketplace.

 Altera offers a great range of CPLDs, FPGAs and other

programmable devices.

 Products range from the MAX series (basic CPLD) to

newer products that contain embedded microprocessors.

CPLD 1.25
CPLD Families

CPLD 1.26
 Pin-Out
From Altera’s M7000.pdf specification sheet

CPLD 1.27
 block
I/O
PAL-like PAL-like
block

block block
I/O

Interconnection Wires

block
I/O
PAL-like PAL-like
block

block block
I/O

CPLD 1.28
End of CPLD Introduction

CPLD 1.29