Uptown 21 – Quezon City, Philippine

SECTION 09310 - CERAMIC TILE

PART 1 - GENERAL

.1 RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary
Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

.2 SUMMARY

A. This Section includes the following:

1. Ceramic mosaic tile.
2. Quarry tile.
3. Paver tile.
4. Glazed wall tile.
5. Special-purpose tile.
6. Waterproof membrane for thin-set tile installations.
7. Stone thresholds installed as part of tile installations.
8. Cementitious backer units.

B. Related Sections include the following:

1. Division 2 Section "Selective Demolition" for removing existing tile.
2. Division 3 Section "Cast-in-Place Concrete" for monolithic slab finishes specified for tile
substrates.
3. Division 7 Section "Cold Fluid-Applied Waterproofing" for waterproofing under thickset
mortar beds.
4. Division 7 Section "Joint Sealants" for sealing of expansion, contraction, control, and
isolation joints in tile surfaces.
5. Division 9 Section "Veneer Plaster" for cementitious backer units installed in veneer plaster
assemblies.
6. Division 9 Section "Portland Cement Plaster" for portland cement scratch coat over metal
lath on wall surfaces.
7. Division 9 Section "Gypsum Board Assemblies" for cementitious backer units installed in
gypsum wallboard assemblies.
8. Division 9 Section "Dimension Stone Tile."

.3 DEFINITIONS
A. Module Size: Actual tile size (minor facial dimension as measured per ASTM C 499) plus joint
width indicated.

B. Facial Dimension: Actual tile size (minor facial dimension as measured per ASTM C 499).
C. Facial Dimension: Nominal tile size as defined in ANSI A137.1.

.4 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Static Coefficient of Friction: For tile installed on walkway surfaces, provide products with the
following values as determined by testing identical products per ASTM C 1028:
1. Level Surfaces: Minimum 0.6.
2. Step Treads: Minimum 0.6.
3. Ramp Surfaces: Minimum 0.8.
B. Load-Bearing Performance: For ceramic tile installed on walkway surfaces, provide installations
rated for the following load-bearing performance level based on testing assemblies according to
ASTM C 627 that are representative of those indicated for this Project:
1. Extra Heavy: Passes cycles 1 through 14.

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2. Heavy: Passes cycles 1 through 12.
3. Moderate: Passes cycles 1 through 10.
4. Light: Passes cycles 1 through 6.
5. Residential: Passes cycles 1 through 3.

.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of tile, mortar, grout, and other products specified.
B. Shop Drawings: For the following:

1. Tile patterns and locations.

2. Widths, details, and locations of expansion, contraction, control, and isolation joints in tile
substrates and finished tile surfaces.

C. Tile Samples for Initial Selection: Manufacturer's color charts consisting of actual tiles or sections
of tiles showing the full range of colors, textures, and patterns available for each type and
composition of tile indicated. Include Samples of accessories involving color selection.

D. Grout Samples for Initial Selection: Manufacturer's color charts consisting of actual sections of
grout showing the full range of colors available for each type of grout indicated.
E. Samples for Verification: Of each item listed below, prepared on Samples of size and
construction indicated. Where products involve normal color and texture variations, include
Sample sets showing the full range of variations expected.

1. Each type and composition of tile and for each color and texture required, at least 12
inches (300 mm) square, mounted on braced cementitious backer units, and with grouted
joints using product complying with specified requirements and approved for completed
work in color or colors selected by Architect.
2. Full-size units of each type of trim and accessory for each color required.
3. Stone thresholds in 6-inch (150-mm) lengths.
4. Metal edge strips in 6-inch (150-mm) lengths.

F. Master Grade Certificates: For each shipment, type, and composition of tile, signed by tile
manufacturer and Installer.

G. Product Certificates: Signed by manufacturers certifying that the products furnished comply with
requirements.

H. Qualification Data: For firms and persons specified in the "Quality Assurance" Article to
demonstrate their capabilities and experience. Include lists of completed projects with project
names and addresses, names of architects and owners, and other information specified.

I. Tile Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance of special-purpose tile with
specified requirements.

J. Setting Material Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance of tile-setting and
-grouting products with specified requirements.

.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced installer who has completed tile installations
similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of
successful in-service performance.

B. Source Limitations for Tile: Obtain each color, grade, finish, type, composition, and variety of tile
from one source with resources to provide products from the same production run for each

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contiguous area of consistent quality in appearance and physical properties without delaying the
Work.

C. Source Limitations for Setting and Grouting Materials: Obtain ingredients of a uniform quality for
each mortar, adhesive, and grout component from a single manufacturer and each aggregate
from one source or producer.

D. Source Limitations for Other Products: Obtain each of the following products specified in this
Section from one source and by a single manufacturer for each product:

1. Stone thresholds.
2. Cementitious backer units.
3. Joint sealants.
4. Waterproofing.

E. Mockups: Before installing tile, construct mockups for each form of construction and finish
required to verify selections made under Sample submittals and to demonstrate aesthetic effects
and qualities of materials and execution. Build mockups to comply with the following
requirements, using materials indicated for completed Work.

1. Locate mockups in the location and of the size indicated or, if not indicated, as directed by
Architect.
2. Notify Architect 7 days in advance of the dates and times when mockups will be
constructed.
3. Demonstrate the proposed range of aesthetic effects and workmanship.
4. Obtain Architect's approval of mockups before proceeding with final unit of Work.
5. Maintain mockups during construction in an undisturbed condition as a standard for judging
the completed Work.

a. When directed, demolish and remove mockups from Project site.

b. Approved mockups in an undisturbed condition at the time of Substantial Completion
may become part of the completed Work.

F. Preinstallation Conference: Conduct conference at Project site to comply with requirements of

Division 1 Section "Project Meetings."

.7 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Deliver and store packaged materials in original containers with seals unbroken and labels intact
until time of use. Comply with requirement of ANSI A137.1 for labeling sealed tile packages.

B. Prevent damage or contamination to materials by water, freezing, foreign matter, and other
causes.

C. Handle tile with temporary protective coating on exposed surfaces to prevent coated surfaces
from contacting backs or edges of other units. If coating does contact bonding surfaces of tile,
remove coating from bonding surfaces before setting tile.

.8 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Environmental Limitations: Do not install tile until construction in spaces is completed and
ambient temperature and humidity conditions are being maintained to comply with referenced
standards and manufacturer's written instructions.

.9 EXTRA MATERIALS

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A. Deliver extra materials to Owner. Furnish extra materials described below that match products
installed, are packaged with protective covering for storage, and are identified with labels
describing contents.

1. Tile and Trim Units: Furnish quantity of full-size units equal to 3 percent of amount
installed, for each type, composition, color, pattern, and size indicated.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

.1 MANUFACTURERS

A. Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, products that may be incorporated
into the Work include, but are not limited to, those indicated in the ceramic tile installation
schedules at the end of this Section.

B. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products indicated in the ceramic tile
installation schedules at the end of this Section.

C. Available Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, manufacturers offering

products that may be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

D. Manufacturers: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide products by one of the

following:

1. Tile Products:

a. Mariwasa Tiles or Equivalent

2. Tile-Setting and -Grouting Materials:

a. A.B.C. Grout

.2 PRODUCTS, GENERAL

A. ANSI Ceramic Tile Standard: Provide tile that complies with ANSI A137.1, "Specifications for
Ceramic Tile," for types, compositions, and other characteristics indicated.

1. Provide tile complying with Standard Grade requirements, unless otherwise indicated.
2. For facial dimensions of tile, comply with requirements relating to tile sizes specified in
Part 1 "Definitions" Article.

B. ANSI Standards for Tile Installation Materials: Provide materials complying with ANSI standards
referenced in "Setting Materials" and "Grouting Materials" articles.

C. Colors, Textures, and Patterns: Where manufacturer's standard products are indicated for tile,
grout, and other products requiring selection of colors, surface textures, patterns, and other
appearance characteristics, provide specific products or materials complying with the following
requirements:

1. Match Architect's samples.

2. Match colors, textures, and patterns indicated by referencing manufacturer's standard
designations for these characteristics.
3. Provide Architect's selections from manufacturer's full range of colors, textures, and
patterns for products of type indicated.

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4. Provide tile trim and accessories that match color and finish of adjoining flat tile.

D. Factory Blending: For tile exhibiting color variations within the ranges selected during Sample
submittals, blend tile in the factory and package so tile units taken from one package show the
same range in colors as those taken from other packages and match approved Samples.

E. Mounting: Where factory-mounted tile is required, provide back- or edge-mounted tile assemblies
as standard with manufacturer, unless another mounting method is indicated.

1. Where tile is indicated for installation in swimming pools, on exteriors, or in wet areas, do
not use back- or edge-mounted tile assemblies unless tile manufacturer specifies in writing
that this type of mounting is suitable for these kinds of installations and has a record of
successful in-service performance.

F. Factory-Applied Temporary Protective Coating: Where indicated under tile type, protect exposed
surfaces of tile against adherence of mortar and grout by precoating them with a continuous film
of petroleum paraffin wax, applied hot. Do not coat unexposed tile surfaces.

.3 TILE PRODUCTS

A. Unglazed Ceramic Mosaic Tile: Provide factory-mounted flat tile complying with the following
requirements:

1. Composition: Porcelain.
2. Composition: Porcelain with abrasive admixture.
3. Composition: Impervious natural clay.
4. Composition: Vitreous natural clay.
5. Composition: Impervious natural clay with abrasive admixture.
6. Composition: Vitreous natural clay with abrasive admixture.
7. Composition: Conductive.
8. Module Size: 1 by 1 inch (25.4 by 25.4 mm).
9. Module Size: 1 by 2 inches (25.4 by 50.8 mm).
10. Module Size: 2 by 2 inches (50.8 by 50.8 mm).
11. Nominal Thickness: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
12. Face: Plain with cushion edges.
13. Face: Pattern of design indicated, with cushion edges.

B. Glazed Ceramic Mosaic Tile: Provide factory-mounted flat tile complying with the following
requirements:

1. Composition: Porcelain.
2. Composition: Impervious natural clay.
3. Composition: Vitreous natural clay.
4. Module Size: 1 by 1 inch (25.4 by 25.4 mm).
5. Module Size: 1 by 2 inches (25.4 by 50.8 mm).
6. Module Size: 2 by 2 inches (50.8 by 50.8 mm).
7. Thickness: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
8. Face: Plain with cushion edges.
9. Face: Pattern of design indicated, with cushion edges.

C. Unglazed Quarry Tile: Provide square-edged flat tile complying with the following requirements:

1. Wearing Surface: Nonabrasive.

2. Wearing Surface: Abrasive aggregate embedded in surface.
3. Facial Dimensions: 3 by 3 inches (76 by 76 mm).
4. Facial Dimensions: 4 by 4 inches (102 by 102 mm).
5. Facial Dimensions: 6 by 3 inches (152 by 76 mm).

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6. Facial Dimensions: 6 by 6 inches (152 by 152 mm).
7. Facial Dimensions: 8 by 3-7/8 inches (203 by 98 mm).
8. Facial Dimensions: 7-5/8 by 7-5/8 inches (194 by 194 mm).
9. Facial Dimensions: 8 by 8 inches (203 by 203 mm).
10. Facial Dimensions: 160 by 320 mm.
11. Facial Dimensions: 140 by 280 mm.
12. Facial Dimensions: 300 by 300 mm.
13. Thickness: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
14. Thickness: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).
15. Thickness: 3/4 inch (19 mm).
16. Face: Plain.
17. Face: Pattern of design indicated.
18. For furan-grouted quarry tile, precoat with temporary protective coating.

D. Glazed Quarry Tile: Provide square-edged flat tile complying with the following requirements:

1. Wearing Surface: Nonabrasive.

2. Wearing Surface: Abrasive aggregate embedded in surface.
3. Facial Dimensions: 3 by 3 inches (76 by 76 mm).
4. Facial Dimensions: 4 by 4 inches (102 by 102 mm).
5. Facial Dimensions: 6 by 3 inches (152 by 76 mm).
6. Facial Dimensions: 6 by 6 inches (152 by 152 mm).
7. Facial Dimensions: 8 by 3-7/8 inches (203 by 98 mm).
8. Facial Dimensions: 8 by 8 inches (203 by 203 mm).
9. Thickness: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
10. Thickness: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).
11. Thickness: 3/4 inch (19 mm).
12. Face: Plain.
13. Face: Pattern of design indicated.
14. Face: As indicated.

E. Unglazed Paver Tile: Provide flat tile complying with the following requirements:

1. Composition: Porcelain.
2. Composition: Natural clay.
3. Facial Dimensions: 7-3/4 by 3-7/8 inches (197 by 98 mm).
4. Facial Dimensions: 7-7/8 by 7-7/8 inches (200 by 200 mm).
5. Facial Dimensions: 11-13/16 by 11-13/16 inches (300 by 300 mm).
6. Facial Dimensions: 200 by 200 mm.
7. Facial Dimensions: 300 by 300 mm.
8. Thickness: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
9. Thickness: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
10. Thickness: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).
11. Face: Plain with square or cushion edges.
12. Face: Plain with square edges.
13. Face: Plain with cushion edges.
14. Face: Pattern of design indicated, with square or cushion edges.
15. For latex-portland cement mortared and grouted paver tile, precoat with temporary
protective coating.

F. Glazed Paver Tile: Provide flat tile complying with the following requirements:

1. Composition: Porcelain.
2. Composition: Impervious natural clay.
3. Composition: Semivitreous natural clay.
4. Composition: Vitreous natural clay.
5. Facial Dimensions: 6 by 6 inches (152 by 152 mm).
6. Facial Dimensions: 7-3/4 by 3-7/8 inches (197 by 98 mm).

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7. Facial Dimensions: 7-7/8 by 7-7/8 inches (200 by 200 mm).
8. Facial Dimensions: 11-13/16 by 11-13/16 inches (300 by 300 mm).
9. Facial Dimensions: 165 by 333 mm.
10. Facial Dimensions: 200 by 250 mm.
11. Facial Dimensions: 250 by 250 mm.
12. Facial Dimensions: 165 by 333 mm.
13. Facial Dimensions: 333 by 333 mm.
14. Facial Dimensions: 400 by 400 mm.
15. Thickness: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
16. Thickness: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
17. Thickness: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm).
18. Face: Plain with square or cushion edges.
19. Face: Plain with square edges.
20. Face: Plain with cushion edges.
21. Face: Pattern of design indicated, with square or cushion edges.
22. Face: As indicated.

G. Glazed Wall Tile: Provide flat tile complying with the following requirements:

1. Module Size: 6 by 8 inches (152 by 108 mm).

2. Module Size: 6 by 6 inches (152 by 152 mm).
3. Module Size: 200 by 200 mm.
4. Module Size: 250 by 250 mm.
5. Module Size: 200 by 300 mm.
6. Thickness: 5/16 inch (8 mm).
7. Face: Plain with modified square edges or cushion edges.
8. Face: Plain with modified square edges.
9. Face: Plain with cushion edges.
10. Face: Pattern of design indicated, with manufacturer's standard edges.
11. Mounting: Factory back-mounted.
12. Mounting: Pregrouted sheets of tiles factory assembled and grouted with manufacturer's
standard silicone rubber complying with ANSI A118.6.

H. Trim Units: Provide tile trim units to match characteristics of adjoining flat tile and to comply with
the following requirements:

1. Size: As indicated, coordinated with sizes and coursing of adjoining flat tile where
applicable.
2. Shapes: As follows, selected from manufacturer's standard shapes:

a. Base for Portland Cement Mortar Installations: Coved.

b. Base for Thin-Set Mortar Installations: Straight.
c. Wainscot Cap for Portland Cement Mortar Installations: Bullnose cap.
d. Wainscot Cap for Thin-Set Mortar Installations: Surface bullnose.
e. Wainscot Cap for Flush Conditions: Regular flat tile for conditions where tile
wainscot is shown flush with wall surface above.
f. External Corners for Portland Cement Mortar Installations: Bullnose shape with a
radius of at least 3/4 inch (19 mm), unless otherwise indicated.
g. External Corners for Thin-Set Mortar Installations: Surface bullnose.
h. Internal Corners: Field-butted square corners, except with coved base and cap
angle pieces designed to member with stretcher shapes.
i. Tapered Transition Tile: Shape designed to effect transition between thickness of
tile floor and adjoining floor finishes of different thickness, tapered to provide a
reduction in thickness from 1/2 to 1/4 inch (12.7 to 6.35 mm) across nominal 4-inch
(100-mm) dimension.

I. Accessories for Glazed Wall Tile: Provide vitreous china accessories of type and size indicated
and in color and finish to match adjoining glazed wall tile.

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1. One soap holder for each shower and tub indicated.

2. One roll paper holder at each water closet.

.4 STONE THRESHOLDS

A. General: Provide stone thresholds that are uniform in color and finish, fabricated to sizes and
profiles indicated to provide transition between tile surfaces and adjoining finished floor surfaces.

1. Fabricate thresholds to heights indicated, but not more than 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) above
adjoining finished floor surfaces, with transition edges beveled on a slope of no greater
than 1:2.

B. Granite Thresholds: Provide granite thresholds complying with ASTM C 615 requirements.

1. Match Architect's sample for color and finish.

C. Marble Thresholds: Provide marble thresholds complying with ASTM C 503 requirements for
exterior use and with a minimum abrasive-hardness value of 10 per ASTM C 241.

1. Match Architect's sample for color and finish.

2. Provide white, honed marble complying with the Marble Institute of America's Group A
requirements for soundness.

D. Slate Thresholds: Provide nonfading slate thresholds with honed finish complying with
ASTM C 629 requirements for interior use and abrasion resistance.

1. Match Architect's sample for color.

.5 WATERPROOFING FOR THIN-SET TILE INSTALLATIONS

A. General: Provide products that comply with ANSI A118.10 and the descriptions in this Article.

B. Polyethylene-Sheet Waterproofing: Manufacturer's standard proprietary product consisting of

composite sheets, 60 inches (152 mm) wide by a nominal thickness of 0.030 inches (0.76 mm),
composed of an inner layer of nonplasticized, chlorinated polyethylene sheet faced on both sides
with laminated, high-strength, nonwoven polyester material, designed for embedding in latex-
portland cement mortar and as the substrate for latex-portland cement mortar setting bed.

C. PVC-Sheet Waterproofing: Manufacturer's standard proprietary product consisting of composite

sheets, 60 inches (152 mm) wide by a nominal thickness of 0.040 inches (1.01 mm), composed of
an inner membrane of 2 layers of PVC sheet heat-fused together and to facings of bondable
nonwoven polyester, designed for embedding in latex-portland cement mortar and as the
substrate for latex-portland cement mortar setting bed.

D. Latex-Rubber Waterproofing: Manufacturer's standard factory-packaged, job-mixed, proprietary,

2-part formulation consisting of liquid-latex rubber and powder for trowel application and glass-
fiber-fabric reinforcing.

E. Acrylic-Latex Waterproofing: Manufacturer's standard proprietary product consisting of one-part

acrylic-latex additive and flexible cementitious fiber mortar, factory packaged for job-mixing and
trowel application.

F. Urethane Waterproofing and Tile-Setting Adhesive: Manufacturer's standard proprietary product

consisting of 1-part liquid-applied urethane in a consistency suitable for trowel application and
intended for use as both waterproofing and tile-setting adhesive in a 2-step process.

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G. Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, products which may be

incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

H. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:

1. Polyethylene-Sheet Waterproofing:

a. Nobleseal TS; Noble Company (The).

2. PVC-Sheet Waterproofing:

a. Composeal Gold; Compotite Corporation.

3. Latex-Rubber Waterproofing:

a. Spatium Inc.

4. Acrylic-Latex Waterproofing:

a. Spatium Inc.

5. Urethane Waterproofing and Tile-Setting Adhesive:

a. Spatium Inc.

.6 SETTING MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement Mortar Installation Materials: Provide materials complying with ANSI A108.1A
and as specified below:

1. Cleavage Membrane: Asphalt felt, ASTM D 226, Type I (No. 15), or polyethylene sheeting

ASTM D 4397, 4.0 mils (0.1 mm) thick.
2. Reinforcing Wire Fabric: Galvanized, welded wire fabric, 2 by 2 inches (50.8 by 50.8 mm)
by 0.062-inch (1.57-mm) diameter; comply with ASTM A 185 and ASTM A 82, except for
minimum wire size.
3. Expanded Metal Lath: Provide diamond-mesh lath complying with ASTM C 847 for
requirements indicated below:

a. Base Metal and Finish for Interior Applications: Fabricate lath from uncoated or
zinc-coated (galvanized) steel sheet, with uncoated steel sheet painted after
fabrication into lath.
b. Base Metal and Finish for Exterior Applications: Fabricate lath from zinc-coated
(galvanized) steel sheet.
c. Configuration over Studs and Furring: Flat.
d. Configuration over Solid Surfaces: Self-furring.
e. Weight: 2.5 lb/sq. yd. (1.4 kg/sq. m).
f. Weight: 3.4 lb/sq. yd. (1.8 kg/sq. m).

4. Latex additive (water emulsion) described below, serving as replacement for part or all of
gaging water, of type specifically recommended by latex additive manufacturer for use with
job-mixed portland cement and aggregate mortar bed.

a. Latex Additive: Manufacturer's standard.

b. Latex Additive: Styrene butadiene rubber.
c. Latex Additive: Acrylic resin.

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B. Dry-Set Portland Cement Mortar: ANSI A118.1.

1. For wall applications, provide nonsagging, latex-portland cement mortar complying with
ANSI A118.4 for mortar of this type defined in Section F-2.1.2.

C. Latex-Portland Cement Mortar: ANSI A118.4, composed as follows:

1. Prepackaged Dry-Mortar Mix: Factory-prepared mixture of portland cement; dry,

redispersible, ethylene vinyl acetate additive; and other ingredients to which only water
needs to be added at Project site.

a. For wall applications, provide nonsagging, latex-portland cement mortar complying

with ANSI A118.4 for mortar of this type defined in Section F-2.1.2.

2. Mixture of Dry-Mortar Mix and Latex Additive: Mixture of prepackaged dry-mortar mix and
liquid-latex additive complying with the following requirements:

a. Latex Additive: Styrene butadiene rubber.

b. Latex Additive: Acrylic resin.
c. For wall applications, provide nonsagging, latex-portland cement mortar complying
with ANSI A118.4 for mortar of this type defined in Section F-2.1.2.

D. Medium-Bed, Latex-Portland Cement Mortar: Provide materials composed as follows, with

physical properties equaling or exceeding those required for thin-set mortars based on testing of
medium-bed specimens according to ANSI A118.4:

1. Prepackaged Dry-Mortar Mix: Factory-prepared mixture of portland cement; dry,

redispersible, ethylene vinyl acetate additive; and other ingredients to which only water
needs to be added at Project site.
2. Mixture of Dry-Mortar Mix and Latex Additive: Mixture of prepackaged dry-mortar mix and
liquid-latex additive complying with the following requirements:

a. Latex Additive: Styrene butadiene rubber.

b. Latex Additive: Acrylic resin.

E. Conductive Dry-Set Mortar: ANSI A118.2.

F. Chemical-Resistant, Water-Cleanable, Ceramic Tile-Setting and -Grouting Epoxy: ANSI A118.3.

1. Provide product capable of resisting continuous and intermittent exposure to temperatures

of up to 140 deg F (60 deg C) and 212 deg F (100 deg C), respectively, as certified by
mortar manufacturer for intended use.

G. Water-Cleanable, Tile-Setting Epoxy Adhesive: ANSI A118.3.

H. Chemical-Resistant Furan Mortar: ANSI A118.5, with carbon filler, unless otherwise indicated.

I. Modified-Epoxy Emulsion Mortar: ANSI A118.8.

J. Organic Adhesive: ANSI A136.1, Type I.

.7 GROUTING MATERIALS

A. Sand-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A108.10, composed of white or gray cement and white or

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colored aggregate as required to produce color indicated.

B. Commercial Portland Cement Grout (Sanded Grout): ANSI A118.6, color as indicated, for joints
1/8 inch (3.2 mm) or wider.

C. Dry-Set Grout: ANSI A118.6, color as indicated.

D. Latex-Portland Cement Grout: ANSI A118.6 for materials described in Section H-2.4, composed

as follows:

1. Factory-Prepared, Dry-Grout Mixture: Factory-prepared mixture of portland cement; dry,

redispersible, ethylene vinyl acetate additive; and other ingredients to produce the
following:

a. Unsanded grout mixture for joints 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) and narrower.
b. Sanded grout mixture for joints 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) and wider.

2. Mixture of Dry-Grout Mix and Latex Additive: Mixture of factory-prepared, dry-grout mix
and latex additive complying with the following requirements:

a. Unsanded Dry-Grout Mix: Dry-set grout complying with ANSI A118.6 for materials
described in Section H-2.3, for joints 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) and narrower.
b. Sanded Dry-Grout Mix: Commercial portland cement grout complying with
ANSI A118.6 for materials described in Section H-2.1, for joints 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)
and wider.
c. Latex Additive: Styrene butadiene rubber.
d. Latex Additive: Acrylic resin.

E. Chemical-Resistant Epoxy Grout: ANSI A118.3, color as indicated.

1. Provide product capable of resisting continuous and intermittent exposure to temperatures

of up to 140 deg F (60 deg C) and 212 deg F (100 deg C), respectively, as certified by
mortar manufacturer for intended use.

F. Chemical-Resistant Furan Grout: ANSI A118.5.

G. Grout for Pregrouted Tile Sheets: Same silicone rubber used in factory to pregrout tile sheets.

.8 ELASTOMERIC SEALANTS

A. General: Provide manufacturer's standard chemically curing, elastomeric sealants of base

polymer and characteristics indicated that comply with applicable requirements of Division 7
Section "Joint Sealants."

B. Colors: Provide colors of exposed sealants to match colors of grout in tile adjoining sealed joints,
unless otherwise indicated.

C. One-Part, Mildew-Resistant Silicone Sealant: ASTM C 920; Type S; Grade NS; Class 25;

Uses NT, G, A, and, as applicable to nonporous joint substrates indicated, O; formulated with
fungicide, intended for sealing interior ceramic tile joints and other nonporous substrates that are
subject to in-service exposures of high humidity and temperature extremes.

D. Multipart, Pourable Urethane Sealant for Use T: ASTM C 920; Type M; Grade P; Class 25;
Uses T, M, A, and, as applicable to joint substrates indicated, O.

E. Chemical-Resistant Sealants: For chemical-resistant floors, provide sealants compatible with

chemical-resistant mortars and grouts, approved for use indicated by manufacturers of both

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mortar/grout and sealant and with chemical-resistance properties equivalent to mortar/grout.

F. Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, products which may be

incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

G. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following:

1. One-Part, Mildew-Resistant Silicone Sealants:

a. Dow Corning 786; Dow Corning Corporation.

b. Tremsil 600 White; Tremco, Inc.

2. Multipart, Pourable Urethane Sealants:

a. THC-900; Tremco, Inc.

.9 CEMENTITIOUS BACKER UNITS

A. Provide cementitious backer units complying with ANSI A118.9, of thickness and width indicated
below, and in maximum lengths available to minimize end-to-end butt joints.

1. Thickness: 7/16 inch (11.1 mm), unless otherwise indicated.

2. Thickness: 1/2 inch (12.7 mm), unless otherwise indicated.
3. Thickness: Manufacturer's standard thickness, but not less than 7/16 inch (11.1 mm),
unless otherwise indicated.
4. Thickness: 5/8 inch (15.9 mm), where indicated.
5. Thickness: As indicated.
6. Width: 32 inches (813 mm).
7. Width: 800 mm.
8. Width: 36 inches (915 mm).
9. Width: 900 mm.
10. Width: 48 inches (1219 mm).
11. Width: 1200 mm.
12. Width: Manufacturer's standard width, but not less than 32 inches (813 mm).
13. Width: Manufacturer's standard width, but not less than 800 mm.

B. Available Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, cementitious backer units that may
be incorporated into the Work include, but are not limited to, the following:

C. Products: Subject to compliance with requirements, provide one of the following products:

1. DUROCK Cement Board; United States Gypsum Co.

.10MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS

A. Trowelable Underlayments and Patching Compounds: Latex-modified, portland-cement-based

formulation provided or approved by manufacturer of tile-setting materials for installations
indicated.

B. Metal Edge Strips: White-zinc-alloy terrazzo strips, 1/8 inch (3.2 mm) wide at top edge with
integral provision for anchorage to mortar bed or substrate, unless otherwise indicated.

C. Temporary Protective Coating: Provide product indicated below that is formulated to protect
exposed surfaces of tile against adherence of mortar and grout; is compatible with tile, mortar,

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and grout products; and is easily removable after grouting is completed without damaging grout or
tile.

1. Petroleum paraffin wax, fully refined and odorless, containing at least 0.5 percent oil with a
melting point of 120 to 140 deg F (49 to 60 deg C) per ASTM D 87.
2. Grout release in form of manufacturer's standard proprietary liquid coating that is specially
formulated and recommended for use as a temporary protective coating for tile.

D. Tile Cleaner: A neutral cleaner capable of removing soil and residue without harming tile and
grout surfaces, specifically approved for materials and installations indicated by tile and grout
manufacturers.

.11MIXING MORTARS AND GROUT

A. Mix mortars and grouts to comply with referenced standards and mortar and grout manufacturers'
written instructions.

B. Add materials, water, and additives in accurate proportions.

C. Obtain and use type of mixing equipment, mixer speeds, mixing containers, mixing time, and
other procedures to produce mortars and grouts of uniform quality with optimum performance
characteristics for installations indicated.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine substrates, areas, and conditions where tile will be installed, with Installer present, for
compliance with requirements for installation tolerances and other conditions affecting
performance of installed tile.

1. Verify that substrates for setting tile are firm; dry; clean; free from oil, waxy films, and
curing compounds; and within flatness tolerances required by referenced ANSI A108 series
of tile installation standards for installations indicated.
2. Verify that installation of grounds, anchors, recessed frames, electrical and mechanical
units of work, and similar items located in or behind tile has been completed before
installing tile.
3. Verify that joints and cracks in tile substrates are coordinated with tile joint locations; if not
coordinated, adjust latter in consultation with Architect.

B. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

.2 PREPARATION

A. Remove coatings, including curing compounds, and other substances that contain soap, wax, oil,
or silicone and are incompatible with tile-setting materials by using a terrazzo or concrete grinder,
a drum sander, or a polishing machine equipped with a heavy-duty wire brush.

B. Provide concrete substrates for tile floors installed with dry-set or latex-portland cement mortars
that comply with flatness tolerances specified in referenced ANSI A108 series of tile installation
standards for installations indicated.

1. Use trowelable leveling and patching compounds per tile-setting material manufacturer's
written instructions to fill cracks, holes, and depressions.

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2. Remove protrusions, bumps, and ridges by sanding or grinding.

C. Blending: For tile exhibiting color variations within the ranges selected during Sample submittals,
verify that tile has been blended in the factory and packaged so tile units taken from one package
show the same range in colors as those taken from other packages and match approved
Samples. If not factory blended, either return to manufacturer or blend tiles at Project site before
installing.

D. Field-Applied Temporary Protective Coating: Where indicated under tile type or needed to
prevent adhesion or staining of exposed tile surfaces by grout, protect exposed surfaces of tile
against adherence of mortar and grout by precoating them with a continuous film of temporary
protective coating indicated below, taking care not to coat unexposed tile surfaces:

1. Petroleum paraffin wax, applied hot.

2. Grout release.
3. Petroleum paraffin wax or grout release.

.3 INSTALLATION, GENERAL

A. ANSI Tile Installation Standards: Comply with parts of ANSI A108 series of tile installation
standards in "Specifications for Installation of Ceramic Tile" that apply to types of setting and
grouting materials and to methods indicated in ceramic tile installation schedules.

B. TCA Installation Guidelines: TCA's "Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation." Comply with TCA
installation methods indicated in ceramic tile installation schedules.

C. Extend tile work into recesses and under or behind equipment and fixtures to form a complete
covering without interruptions, unless otherwise indicated. Terminate work neatly at obstructions,
edges, and corners without disrupting pattern or joint alignments.

D. Accurately form intersections and returns. Perform cutting and drilling of tile without marring
visible surfaces. Carefully grind cut edges of tile abutting trim, finish, or built-in items for straight
aligned joints. Fit tile closely to electrical outlets, piping, fixtures, and other penetrations so plates,
collars, or covers overlap tile.

E. Jointing Pattern: Lay tile in grid pattern, unless otherwise indicated. Align joints when adjoining
tiles on floor, base, walls, and trim are the same size. Lay out tile work and center tile fields in
both directions in each space or on each wall area. Adjust to minimize tile cutting. Provide
uniform joint widths, unless otherwise indicated.

1. For tile mounted in sheets, make joints between tile sheets the same width as joints within
tile sheets so joints between sheets are not apparent in finished work.

F. Lay out tile wainscots to next full tile beyond dimensions indicated.

G. Expansion Joints: Locate expansion joints and other sealant-filled joints, including control,
contraction, and isolation joints, where indicated during installation of setting materials, mortar
beds, and tile. Do not saw-cut joints after installing tiles.

1. Locate joints in tile surfaces directly above joints in concrete substrates.

2. Prepare joints and apply sealants to comply with requirements of Division 7 Section "Joint
Sealants."

H. Grout tile to comply with the requirements of the following tile installation standards:

1. For ceramic tile grouts (sand-portland cement, dry-set, commercial portland cement, and
latex-portland cement grouts), comply with ANSI A108.10.

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2. For chemical-resistant epoxy grouts, comply with ANSI A108.6.
3. For chemical-resistant furan grouts, comply with ANSI A108.8.

I. At showers, tubs, and where indicated, install cementitious backer units and treat joints to comply
with ANSI A108.11 and manufacturer's written instructions for type of application indicated.

.4 WATERPROOFING INSTALLATION

A. Install waterproofing to comply with waterproofing manufacturer's written instructions to produce a

waterproof membrane of uniform thickness bonded securely to substrate.

B. Do not install tile over waterproofing until waterproofing has cured and been tested to determine
that it is watertight.

.5 FLOOR TILE INSTALLATION

A. General: Install tile to comply with requirements in the Ceramic Tile Floor Installation Schedule,
including those referencing TCA installation methods and ANSI A108 series of tile installation
standards.

B. Joint Widths: Install tile on floors with the following joint widths:

1. Ceramic Mosaic Tile: 1/16 inch (1.6 mm).

2. Quarry Tile: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
3. Quarry Tile: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).
4. Paver Tile: 1/4 inch (6.35 mm).
5. Paver Tile: 3/8 inch (9.5 mm).

C. Back Buttering: For installations indicated, obtain 100 percent mortar coverage by complying with
applicable special requirements for back buttering of tile in referenced ANSI A108 series of tile
installation standards:

1. Exterior tile floors.

2. Tile floors in wet areas, including showers, tub enclosures, laundries, and swimming pools.
3. Tile floors installed with chemical-resistant mortars and grouts.
4. Tile floors composed of tiles 8 by 8 inches (203 by 203 mm) or larger.
5. Tile floors composed of rib-backed tiles.

D. Stone Thresholds: Install stone thresholds at locations indicated; set in same type of setting bed
as abutting field tile, unless otherwise indicated.

1. Set thresholds in latex-portland cement mortar for locations where mortar bed would
otherwise be exposed above adjacent nontile floor finish.

E. Metal Edge Strips: Install at locations indicated or where exposed edge of tile flooring meets
carpet, wood, or other flooring that finishes flush with top of tile.

.6 WALL TILE INSTALLATION

A. Install types of tile designated for wall installations to comply with requirements in the Ceramic Tile
Wall Installation Schedule, including those referencing TCA installation methods and ANSI
setting-bed standards.

B. Install metal lath and scratch coat to walls to comply with ANSI A108.1A, Section 4.1.

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C. Joint Widths: Install tile on walls with the following joint widths:

1. Ceramic Mosaic Tile: 1/16 inch (1.6 mm).

2. Wall Tile: 1/16 inch (1.6 mm).

D. Back Buttering: For installations indicated, obtain 100 percent mortar coverage by complying with
applicable special requirements for back buttering of tile in referenced ANSI A108 series of tile
installation standards:

1. Exterior tile wall installations.

2. Tile wall installations in wet areas, including showers, tub enclosures, laundries, and
swimming pools.
3. Tile installed with chemical-resistant mortars and grouts.
4. Tile wall installations composed of tiles 8 by 8 inches (203 by 203 mm) or larger.

.7 CLEANING AND PROTECTING

A. Cleaning: On completion of placement and grouting, clean all ceramic tile surfaces so they are
free of foreign matter.

1. Remove latex-portland cement grout residue from tile as soon as possible.

2. Unglazed tile may be cleaned with acid solutions only when permitted by tile and grout
manufacturer's written instructions, but no sooner than 10 days after installation. Protect
metal surfaces, cast iron, and vitreous plumbing fixtures from effects of acid cleaning.
Flush surface with clean water before and after cleaning.
3. Remove temporary protective coating by method recommended by coating manufacturer
that is acceptable to brick and grout manufacturer. Trap and remove coating to prevent it
from clogging drains.

B. Finished Tile Work: Leave finished installation clean and free of cracked, chipped, broken,
unbonded, and otherwise defective tile work.

C. Provide final protection and maintain conditions, in a manner acceptable to manufacturer and
Installer, that ensure tile is without damage or deterioration at the time of Substantial Completion.

1. When recommended by tile manufacturer, apply a protective coat of neutral protective

cleaner to completed tile walls and floors. Protect installed tile work with kraft paper or
other heavy covering during construction period to prevent staining, damage, and wear.
2. Prohibit foot and wheel traffic from tiled floors for at least 7 days after grouting is
completed.

D. Before final inspection, remove protective coverings and rinse neutral cleaner from tile surfaces.

END OF SECTION 09310

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