PC I H-160cm; L-25.

6m; CTC-180cm;

TECHNICAL CALCULATION OF SEGMENTAL PC I BEAM FOR BRIDGE

SPAN (ctc) L= 25.00 M

I. DATA

0.3 L= 25.00 M 0.3

Beam length = 25.60 m ( edge anchor to edge anchor : 25.30 m)

Beam spacing (s) = 1800.00 mm
Concrete Slab thickness (CIP) = 270.00 mm
Asphalt thickness = 50.00 mm A

Deck slab thickness = 70.00 mm tfl-1

tfl-2
Cross Section tweb
H
H = 1600 mm tfl-1 = 125 mm
A = 550 mm tfl-2 = 75 mm tfl-3
tfl-4
B = 650 mm tfl-3 = 100 mm
tweb = 180 mm tfl-4 = 225 mm
B

II. MATERIAL

2.1 Concrete
Beam Slab
Compressive strength
at service fc' = 50.0 25.0 [N/mm2]
at initial 80% fc' fc'i = 40.0 [N/mm2]
Allowable stress
Allowable stress at initial ………… (SNI T-12-2004 )
Compressive 0.6 * fc'i = 24.0 [N/mm2]
Tensile 0.25 * Sqrt(fc'i) = 1.6 [N/mm2]
Allowable stress at service ………. (SNI T-12-2004 )
Compressive 0.45 * fc' = 22.5 11.3 [N/mm2]
Tensile 0.5 * Sqrt(fc') = 3.5 2.5 [N/mm2]
Modulus of elasticity
Concrete unit weight wc = 2500.0 2500.0 [kg/m3]
Ec = wc1.5*0.043*sqrt(fc') = 38007.0 26875.0 [N/mm2]
1.5
Eci = wc *0.043*sqrt(fci') = 33994.5 [N/mm2]
Concrete flexural tension strength (fr)
f r = 0.7*sqrt(fc') = 4.9 [N/mm2]

2.2 Prestressing Cable

[Uncoated stress relieve seven wires strand]
( ASTM A 416 Grade 270 Low Relaxation or JIS G 3536 )
- Diameter strand dia : 12.7 [mm]
- Eff. Section area Ast : 98.78 [mm2]
- Modulus of elasticity Es : 1.93E+05 [N/mm2]
- Ultimate tensile strength fu : 1860 [N/mm2]

2.3 Steel Reinforcement

- Diameter dia : 13 [mm]
- Eff. Section area Ast : 132.7 [cm2]
- Modulus of elasticity Es : 2.10E+05 [N/mm2]
- Yield stress fy : 400 [N/mm2]

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

III. SECTION ANALYSIS

Remark :
Ep 1 = 38007 [N/mm2] [Girder] 3
2 2
Ep 2 = 26875 [N/mm ] [Slab] 5
4 Ya'
Ya
n = Ep 2 / Ep 1
3 1
n= 0.71

2 Yb Yb'

Base Line 1

PRECAST BEAM COMPOSITE BEAM

3.1 Precast Beam
[in mm ]
Section Width Area Level Yb Area*Yb Io Area*d2 Ix
Zone
2 3 4
Height Bottom Upper mm mm mm mm mm mm4 mm4
6 0.0 350.0 350.0 0 1600 1600.0 0 0 0 0
5 125.0 550.0 550.0 68750 1475 1537.5 105703125 89518229 46919913242 47009431471
4 75.0 180.0 550.0 27375 1400 1443.8 39525000 11733198 14686379729 14698112926
3 1075.0 180.0 180.0 193500 325 862.5 166893750 18634453125 4418910004 23053363129
2 100.0 650.0 180.0 41500 225 265.6 11020833 30886881 8248331348 8279218229
1 225.0 650.0 650.0 146250 0 112.5 16453125 616992188 52453919156 53070911344
Total 1600.0 477375 711.4 339595833 19383583620 126727453479 146111037099

3.2 Composite Beam

[in mm ]
Zone Height Width Area Level Yb Area*Yb Io Area*d2 Ix
2 3 4
Section Bottom Upper mm mm mm mm mm mm4 mm4
2 270.0 1272.8 1272.8 343654 1670 1805.0 620295282 2087697416 1.34196E+11 1.36284E+11
70.0 282.8 282.8 19799 1600 1635.0 32371348 8084587.532 4097052754 4105137341
1 1600.0 650.0 550.0 477375 0 711.4 339595833 1.46111E+11 1.04879E+11 2.5099E+11
Total 1940.0 840828 1180.1 992262463 1.48207E+11 2.43172E+11 3.91379E+11

3.3 R e s u m e
[in mm ]
Description Area (mm2) Ya (mm) Yb (mm) Ix (mm4) Wa (mm3) Wb (mm3)
Precast Beam 477375 889 711.4 146111037099 164424968 205390495
Composite Beam [composite] 840828 760 1180.1 391378539771 515040721 331648130
[precast] 420 932079485

IV. LOADING
4.1 Dead Load
a. Precast Beam q1 = Ac precast girder x gconc. Precast
q1 = 0.477 x 2.50 = 1.1934375 [t/m'] = 11.70 [kN/m']
b. Slab q2 = Ac slab CIP x gconc. slab
q2 = 0.514 x 2.50 = 1.285 [t/m'] = 12.60 [kN/m']
c. Deck slab q3 = Ac deck slab x gs
q3 = 0.0980 x 2.50 = 0.245 [t/m'] = 2.40 [kN/m']
d. Asphaltic q4 = Ac asphaltic x gs
q4 = 0.09 x 2.20 = 0.198 [t/m'] = 1.94 [kN/m']
e. Diaphragm p = Vol diaph with 0.15m thickness x gdiaph
p = 0.30 x 2.40 = 0.715545 [ton'] = 7.02 [kN']

note : from kg to N, multiply by 9.8060

Number of diaph = 3 pcs

Diaph. placement 1 2 3
Location 0 12.5 25
Support Va 7.02 3.51 0.00
Mid Moment 0.00 43.85 0.00
Total Diaphragma Flexural Moment at Middle Span 43.85 kN.m
eqivalen load q diaphragm q5= 0.56 [kN/m']

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

4.2 Live Load

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan SNI 1725:2016"
4.2.1. "T" Loading (Beban Truk)
Item Unit P1 P2 P3 M.max di x = 12.500 m
Load kN 225 225 50 DLA = 30%
Impact 1.3 1.3 1.3 Impact = 1 + DLA = 1.3
LL + I kN 292.5 292.5 65
Distance m 8.500 12.500 17.500
Va kN 193.05 146.25 19.50
Va kN 358.80
M max kN-m 3315.00
DF = S/3.4 0.529
M x DF kN-m 1755.000
50kN 225kN 225kN

4.2.2. "D" Loading (Beban Lajur)

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan SNI 1725:2016"
Load type :

Distribution Load Chart : Dynamics Load Factored Chart :

Line Load (D load)

a. Dynamic Load Allowance [DLA] DLA = 1 + 0,4 = 1.40 Span <= 50 m
DLA = 1 + (0.0025*span+0.175) 50 < Span < 90 m
DLA = 1 + 0,3 = 1.30 Span >= 90 m
b. Knife Edge Load (KEL) = 49.00 [kN/m']
c. Distribution Factor (DF) = 1.00
d. Distribution Load
2 2
q = 9.00 kN/m which : q = 9 kN/m for Span <= 30 m
2
q = 9 x(0,5+15/span)kN/m Span > 30 m
e. Live load
Distribution load, qudl = DF x q x s
= 1.00 x 9.00 x 1.80 = 16.20 [kN/m']
KEL, PKEL = DF x DLA x KEL x s
= 1.00 x 1.40 x 49.00 x 1.80 = 123.48 [kN']

M.max at 0.5 span = 12.50 m

Va = 264.24 kN
M LL = 2037.4 kN.m
RESUME : Moment force cause by D Loading is bigger than Truck Loading

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

V. MOMENT ANALYSIS
[in kN-meter ]
Mid Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2 Sec 3-3 Sec 4-4 Sec 5-5 Sec 6-6
Type Description
span 0.00 4.00 9.50 15.50 21.00 12.50 (m)
DL Precast beam 914.28 0.00 491.52 861.62 861.62 491.52 914.28
Subtotal 914.28 0.00 491.52 861.62 861.62 491.52 914.28
DL Slab 984.43 0.00 529.23 927.73 927.73 529.23 984.43
ADL Asphaltic Layer 151.69 0.00 81.55 142.95 142.95 81.55 151.69
SDL Diaphragm+Deck Slab 231.55 0.00 124.48 218.21 218.21 124.48 231.55
Subtotal 1367.66 0.00 735.26 1288.89 1288.89 735.26 1367.66
LL Distribution load 1265.63 0.00 680.40 1192.73 1192.73 680.40 1265.63
KEL 771.75 0.00 414.89 727.30 727.30 414.89 771.75
Subtotal 2037.38 0.00 1095.29 1920.02 1920.02 1095.29 2037.38
Total (DL + LL) 4319.32 0.00 2322.07 4070.53 4070.53 2322.07 4319.32
Ultimate total 6625.41 0.00 3561.82 6243.78 6243.78 3561.82 6625.41
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)

VI. SHEAR ANALYSIS

[in kN]
Mid Sec 1-1 Sec 2-2 Sec 3-3 Sec 4-4 Sec 5-5 Sec 6-6
Type Description
span 0.00 4.00 9.50 15.50 21.00 12.50 (m)
DL Precast beam 0.00 146.29 99.47 35.11 -35.11 -99.47 0.00
Subtotal 0.00 146.29 99.47 35.11 -35.11 -99.47 0.00
DL Slab 0.00 157.51 107.11 37.80 -37.80 -107.11 0.00
ADL Asphaltic Layer 0.00 24.27 16.50 5.82 -5.82 -16.50 0.00
SDL Diaphragm+Deck slab 0.00 37.05 25.19 8.89 -8.89 -25.19 0.00
Subtotal 0.00 218.83 148.80 52.52 -52.52 -148.80 0.00
Distribution load 0.00 202.50 137.70 48.60 -48.60 -137.70 0.00
LL
KEL 61.74 123.48 103.72 76.56 -76.56 -103.72 61.74
Subtotal 61.74 325.98 241.42 125.16 -125.16 -241.42 61.74
Total (DL + LL) 61.74 691.09 489.70 212.78 -212.78 -489.70 61.74
Ultimate total 111.13 1060.06 756.41 338.88 -338.88 -756.41 111.13
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)

VII. PRESTRESSING CABLE

7.1 Cable Profile
[in: mm ]
ten- Nos Profile Tension Total JF
don strand Edge Middle left right tension (kN)
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
0 0 0 0 0% 0% 0% 0
1 11 900 220 75% 0% 75% 1516
2 11 600 110 75% 0% 75% 1516
3 11 300 110 75% 0% 75% 1516
total 33 600.00 146.67 75% 0% 75% 4547

Parabolic curve (Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis ))
2
Y = A.x + B.x + C
2
where : A = Constanta : ( (Ymiddle + Yedge)/(L/2) ) A= 0.002833
B = Constanta : ( L x A ) B = -0.071673
C = Average of strand's position when the parabolic curve reach the Y axis

Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )
2
Y = 0.002833 X + -0.071673 X + 0.600000
Cable tendon angle :
tg ao = 0.005666 X + -0.071673

eccentricity of tendon at middle section

Eccentricity [e] = Yb - Ys = 564.72 mm
Yb = Distance of Neutral Axis from the bottom of non composite beam ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Ys = Distance of tendon from the bottom of the beam at the middle span ( Chapter 7.1, Cable Profile-middle)

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )

1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

7.2 Losses of Prestress

1. Losses of Prestress (Short Term)
a. Friction

When the jacking force is applied at the stressing end, the tendon will elongate. The elongation will be resisted by friction
between the strand and its sheating or duct. As the result of this friction, force will be decreased with distance from the jacking
end. The friction is comprised of two effects : curvature friction which is a function of the thendons profile, and wooble friction
which is the result of minor horizontal or vertical deviation form intended profile.
The equation for calculating the loss of prestress due to friction is :
-( m.a + k.x)
Px = Po.e ( AASHTO LRFD 2012, Chapt. 5.9.5.2 )
Where : 80.0%
Px = Prestress force at section distance x from tensile point.
Po = Jacking force ( tensile force at anchor, initial) 75.0%
m = friction coefficient
a = Change of cable angle from tensile point to x section 70.0%
k = Wobble coefficient
65.0%
x = Distance from tensile point to x section
60.0%
Friction and Wooble coeficient for grouting tendon in metal sheating 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
with Seven Wire Strand : m = 0.20
Prestress tendon section
k = 0.003

Table of calculation due to Friction

ten- Nos Profile % JF a b a Prestress force (Px) = % UTS
don strand Edge Middle from UTS (rad) 0.00 12.65 25.30
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0 0 0 0% 0.00000 0 0.000 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
1 11 900 220 75% 0.00425 -0.1075099 0.214 75.0% 69.18% 66.6%
2 11 600 110 75% 0.00306 -0.0774704 0.155 75.0% 70.01% 67.4%
3 11 300 110 75% 0.00119 -0.0300395 0.060 75.0% 71.34% 68.7%
total 33 600.00 146.67 75% 0.00283 -0.0716733 0.143 75.0% 70.2% 67.6%
b. Anchor
Tendons areset
typically anchored with two piece, conical wedges. When the tension applied by the jack is released, the strand
retracts pulling the wedges in to the anchorage device and locks the strand in place. The lost in elongation is small . It depend on
the wedges, the jack and the jacking procedure. This lost in elongation is resisted by friction just as the initial elongation is
resisted by friction.
Exact calculation is typical done as an iterative process as follows :
1. Calculated loss of prestress per length with assuming a linear variation in prestress at start to end of tendon
b = Loss of prestress per length
b = Fpu . (P at JF - P at end of tendon) / distance JF to end of tendon
2. Assuming drawn-in (D).
3. The length, x, over which anchorage set is effective is determined as followos :
x = Sqrt ( Es . D / b )
effective anchorage set point position :
Cable change Cable change
angle point angle point

Anchorage Anchorage
set area set area

X (effective anchorage set)

X (effective anchorage set)

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

4 Check Assuming drawn-in (D). The displacement of jacking end of tendon should be equal with assumption
D = Anchorage set area x Ult. Tensile Stress / Modulus Elasticity of PC Strand
D = Aset . Fpu / Es
D = equal with assumption (trial)
Table of calculation due anchor set
ten- Nos b draw in D From left side From right side after anchorage set = % UTS
don strand Mpa/mm mm X (m) Px (% UTS) X (m) Px (% UTS) 0.00 12.65 25.30
0 0.0 0.00000 0.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0.0 0.00000 8.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
0 0.0 0.00000 8.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00% 0.0% 0.00% 0.0%
1 11.0 0.00617 8.00 15.81 68.53% 0.00 0.00% 62.1% 67.89% 66.6%
2 11.0 0.00559 8.00 16.62 69.19% 0.00 0.00% 63.4% 68.37% 67.4%
3 11.0 0.00464 8.00 18.24 70.17% 0.00 0.00% 65.3% 69.00% 68.7%
total 33 0.00547 8.00 16.89 69.30% 0.00 0.00% 63.60% 68.42% 67.56%

LOSSES OF PRESTRESS AVERAGE LOSSES OF PRESTRESS

DUE TO ANCHORAGE SET
75.0%
80.0%

75.0%
70.0% 69.52%
69.36%
70.0% 68.42% 69.02%
67.56%
65.0%
65.0%
60.0% 63.60%

55.0% 60.0%
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00
Prestress tendon section Prestress tendon section

c. Elastic Shortening ( ES )
Elastic shortening refers to the shortening of the concrete as the postensioning force is applied.
As the concrete shorterns, the tendon length also shortens, resulting in a loss of prestress.
The following simplified equation to estimate the appropriate amount of prestress loss to attribute to elastic shortening
for member with bonded tendons :
ES = Kes . Es . fcir / Eci
where:
Kes = 0.50 for post-tensioned members when tendon are tensioned in sequential order to the same tension
ES = Elastic modulus of tendon material
Eci = Elastic modulus of the concrete at the time of prestress transfer
fcir = concrete stress at the centre of gravity of prestressing tendons due to prestressing force at transfer and the self weight of
the member at the section of maximum positive moment

Assumption Losses due ES 2.09%

Pi = Total prestressing force at release
Pi = 68.4% - 2.09% = 66.33% UTS x nos x Aps = 4021.8243 kN
2
fcir = Pi / A + Pi. ec / I + Mg.ec/I
fcir = 13.67 N/mm2

so, ES = 38.80 N/mm2, percent actual ES losses = Es/fpu 2.09% equal with losses assumption

2. Losses of Prestress ( Long Term )

d. Shrinkage ( SH )
SH = 8,2*e-6*Ksh*ES*(1-0,06*V/S)*(100-RH) (ACI 318R-14, Chapt. 20.3.2.6)
SH = 30.32 N/mm2 percent actual SH losses = SH/fpu 1.63%
Where :
The factor Ksh account for the shringkage that will have taken place before the prestressing applied.
for postensioning members, Ksh is taken from the following table :
Days 1 3 5 7 10 20 30 60
Ksh 0.92 0.85 0.8 0.77 0.73 0.64 0.58 0.45
"days" is the number of days between the end of moist curing and the application of prestress.In a structures
that are not moist cured, Ksh is typiclly based on when the concrete was cast
Ksh = 0.64
3 2
V/S = 0.10 Volume = 12.22 m Surface = 126.98 m
RH = 70.00

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

e. Creep ( CR )

Over time, the compresive stress induced by postensioning causes a shortening of the concrete member. The increase in
strain due to a sustained stress is refered to as creep. Loss of prestress due to a creep is nominally propotional to the net
permanent compresive stressin the concrete. the net permanent compressive stress is the initial compressive stress in the
concrete due to the prestressing minus the tensile stress due to self weight and superimposed deadload moments
CR = Kcr*(Es/Ec)*(fcir-fcds) (ACI 318R-14, Chapt. 20.3.2.6)
2
CR = 69.62 N/mm percent actual CR losses = CR/fpu 3.74%
Where :
Kcr = 1.60 (for postensioned member)
fcir = stress at center point prestress force, initial condition
2
fcir = 13.669 N/mm
Msd = Moment due to all superimposed permanent dead loads applied after prestressing
Msd = 1367.66 kN.m
fcds = Stress in a concrete at the cgs of the tendon due to all superimposed dead load
2
fcds 1 = Msdl.e/I = 4.70 N/mm component of fcd due to load on the plain beam
2
fcds 2 = Madl.e/Ic = 0.40 N/mm component of fcd due to load on the composite beam
2
fcds = fcds 1 + fcds 2 = 5.10 N/mm
f. Steel Relaxation ( RE )
Relaxation is defined as a gradual decrease of stress in a material under constant strain. In the case of steel, relaxation is
the result of permanent alteration of the grain structure. The rate of relaxation at any point in time depends on the stress
level in the tendon at that time. Because of other prestress losses, there is a continual reduction of tendon strss; this
causes a reduction in the relaxation rate.
The equation for prestress loss due to relaxation of tendons is :
RE = [ Kre - J*(SH+CR+ES) ] *C (ACI 318R-14, Chapt. 20.3.2.6)
2
RE = 19.07 N/mm percent actual RE losses = RE/fpu 1.03%
Where :
Kre = 5000.00 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)
J = 0.04 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)
C = 0.66 for fpi/fpu = 0.684

RESUME DUE TO SHORT & LONG TERM LOSSES

Losses I. Short Term Losses II. Long Term Losses
Elastic Steel
Section Total Shringkage Total Losses
Friction Anchor set Shortening Creep (CR) Relaxation
x (m) Losses (%) (SH) (%)
(ES) (SR)
0.00 75.00% 63.60% 61.51% 13.49% 59.88% 56.14% 55.11% 19.89%
0.00 75.00% 63.60% 61.51% 13.49% 59.88% 56.14% 55.11% 19.89%
0.00 75.00% 63.60% 61.51% 13.49% 59.88% 56.14% 55.11% 19.89%
0.00 75.00% 63.60% 61.51% 13.49% 59.88% 56.14% 55.11% 19.89%
12.65 70.18% 68.42% 66.33% 3.84% 64.70% 60.96% 59.93% 10.24%
15.81 69.52% 69.52% 67.44% 2.09% 65.81% 62.06% 61.04% 8.48%
16.62 69.36% 69.36% 67.27% 2.09% 65.64% 61.90% 60.87% 8.48%
18.24 69.02% 69.02% 66.94% 2.09% 65.31% 61.56% 60.54% 8.48%
25.30 67.56% 67.56% 65.48% 2.09% 63.85% 60.10% 59.08% 8.48%

Friction
UTS LOSSES OF PRESTRESS DIAGRAM friction Losses equotion :
Anchor set
80.00% 0 > x > 12.65
Elastic Shortening
(ES)
Shringkage (SH)
75.00% -+ 0.38% x
75.00% 12.7 > x > 25.30
70.18% -+ 0.07% x x - 12.65
70.18% 69.52% 69.36% 69.02%
68.42% Long term Losses equotion :
66.33%
67.44% 67.27% 66.94% 67.56%
65.81% 65.64% 65.31% 65.48% 0 > x > 12.65
65.00% 64.70%
63.60% 63.85%
62.06% 61.90%
55.11% + 0.38% x
61.51% 60.96% 61.04% 60.87% 61.56%
59.88% 59.93% 60.54% 60.10% 12.65 > x > 15.81
59.08%
59.93% + 0.35% x x - 12.65
56.14%
55.11% 15.81 > x > 16.62
61.04% -+ 0.21% x x - 15.81480291
50.00% 16.62 > x > 18.24
0.00 12.65 15.81 16.62 18.24 25.30
60.87% -+ 0.21% x x - 16.62466299
Prestress tendon section 18.24 > x > 25.30
60.54% -+ 0.21% x x - 18.24094187

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

7.3 Effective Stress Force

Resume Prestressed Force at middle

%UTS Cable
% Losses of Asp P
Condition effective stress
prestress
prestress [kN/mm2] [mm2] [kN]
short term 8.7% 66.3% 1234 3259.74 4021.82
long term 15.1% 59.9% 1115 3259.74 3633.89

VIII. STRESS AND DEFFLECTION ANALYSIS

Beam Segment 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Length (m) 4.00 5.50 6.00 5.50 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Additional length at the end of the beam = 0.30 m Total Length = 25.60 m
8.1 Stress at initial
Description Middle SEC 1-1 SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 SEC 6-6
x - [m] Span 0.00 4.00 9.50 15.50 21.00 12.50
Moment DL [kN.m] 914.28 0.00 491.52 861.62 861.62 491.52 914.28
Jacking Force [kN] 4547.34 4547.34 4547.34 4547.34 4547.34 4547.34 4547.34
Losses due to friction % 5% 0% 2% 4% 5% 5% 5%
Pi [kN] 4330.64 4547.34 4477.99 4382.65 4319.28 4302.38 4330.64
e (eccentricity) [m] 0.565 0.122 0.360 0.539 0.539 0.360 0.565
Pi.e [kN.m] -2446 -555 -1612 -2363 -2329 -1549 -2446
Moment Net. [kN.m] -1531 -555 -1121 -1502 -1467 -1057 -1531
Pi / A [N/mm2] 9.07 9.53 9.38 9.18 9.05 9.01 9.07
2
M / Wa [N/mm ] -9.31 -3.38 -6.82 -9.13 -8.92 -6.43 -9.31 Allow.
M / Wb [N/mm2] 7.46 2.70 5.46 7.31 7.14 5.15 7.46 stress
Initial Stresses top ( sT ) -0.24 6.15 2.56 0.05 0.12 2.58 -0.24 -1.6
bot ( sB ) 16.53 12.23 14.84 16.49 16.19 14.16 16.53 24.0

8.2 Stress at service

> Load of precast, slab, diaphragm and prestress by PC Beam ( = M1 )
> Live load and asphalt by composite ( = M2 )
Description Middle SEC 1-1 SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 SEC 6-6
x - [m] Span 0.00 4.00 9.50 15.50 21.00 12.50
Moment DL [kN.m] 2130.26 0.00 1145.23 2007.56 2007.56 1145.23 2130.26
Total Losses % 15% 20% 18% 16% 14% 15% 15%
effective prestress P [kN] 3630.42 3341.48 3433.94 3561.07 3694.21 3635.92 3630.42
P.e [m] -2050.15 -407.89 -1236.34 -1920.20 -1991.98 -1309.06 -2050.15
Moment --- M1 [kN.m] 80.11 -407.89 -91.11 87.36 15.57 -163.83 80.11
Moment --- M2 [kN.m] 2189.06 0.00 1176.84 2062.97 2062.97 1176.84 2189.06
P/A [N/mm2] 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.61
2
M 1 / Wa [N/mm ] 0.49 -2.48 -0.55 0.53 0.09 -1.00 0.49
M 1 / Wb [N/mm2] -0.39 1.99 0.44 -0.43 -0.08 0.80 -0.39
M 2 / Wa' [N/mm2] 2.35 0.00 1.26 2.21 2.21 1.26 2.35 Allow.

M 2 / Wb' [N/mm2] -6.60 0.00 -3.55 -6.22 -6.22 -3.55 -6.60 stress

Stress at Service slab ( sS ) 4.25 0.00 2.28 4.01 4.01 2.28 4.25 11.3
2
[kg/cm ] top ( sT ) 10.45 5.13 8.32 10.36 9.92 7.88 10.45 22.5
bot ( sB ) 0.62 9.60 4.51 0.97 1.32 4.86 0.62 -3.5

Note : Moment DL = Moment due to dead load ( Chapter V - Moment Analysis )

Moment Bal = Moment due to uniform load in balance condition ( Chapter 7.4 - Effective Stress Force )
Moment Net = ( Moment DL + Moment Bal )
Pi = Initial Prestress ( at transfer condition - chapt. 7.4. Effective Stress Force )
P= Prestress at service condition….. ( Chapter 7.4 -effective Stress Force )
M= Moment Net.
A= Total Area of Precast Beam ( Chapter 3.1 - Precast Beam)
Wa = Modulus Section for Top section of Precast condition
Wb = Modulus Section for Bottom section of Precast condition
Wa' = Modulus Section for Top section of composit Condition……. ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Wb' = Modulus section for bottom section of composite condition ……. ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

Stress diagram at center span :

1. STRESS DIAGRAM AT INITIAL

Pi/A = 9.07 MPa M/Wa = -9.31 MPa s top = -0.24 MPa

+ =

Pi/A = 9.07 MPa M/Wb = 7.46 MPa s bottom = 16.53 MPa

2. STRESS DIAGRAM AT SERVICE

s slab = 4.25 MPa

P/A = 7.61 MPa M1/Wa = 0.49 MPa M2/Wa'= 2.35 MPa s top = 10.45 MPa

+ +

P/A = 7.61 MPa M1/Wb = -0.39 MPa M2/Wb'= -6.60 MPa s bottom = 0.62 MPa
8.3 Deflection
8.3.1 Chamber due to Prestress Load
Deflection on middle section :
l
Dpi= [ee+(5/6)(ec-ee)] x (P. l2 /8 Ec Ix)
P ee Dpi=
ec P -30.94 mm
where : P= Prestress force
Eci = Modulus Elasticity of Concrete
l/2 l/2 Ixi = Section Inertia
l= length of anchor to anchor
ee = Distance between c.g of strand and c.g
of concrete at end
w
ec = Distance between c.g of strand and c.g
of concrete at centre
8.3.2 Deflection at initial, erection and service condition (based : PCI handbook 4.6.5 Long-Time Chamber Deflection)
Deflection (D) on simple span structure : where : q = Uniform Load
4
Dq= (5/384)*q*L /Ec Ix) P = Point Load
3
Dp= P.l /48 Ec Ix l = Beam Span
Deflection calculation table : Estimating long-time cambers and deflections
Loading Long time cambers and deflection
WORKING LOAD
q (kN/m) P (kN) Release (1) multipliers Erection
(2)
multipliers Service (3)
1. Due to Prestress force -30.94 1.80 x (1) -55.70 2.20 x (1) -68.08
2. Due to beam weight (DL) 11.70 11.98 1.85 x (1) 22.17 2.40 x (1) 28.76
-18.96 -33.53 -39.31
3. Due to ADL 2.96 2.71 3.00 x (2) 8.14
-30.81 -31.17
4. Due to Composite overtoping 12.60 11.54 2.30 x (2) 26.54
-19.27 -4.63
4. due to asphaltic (SDL) 1.94 0.66
-3.96
5. due to Live Load = UDL + KEL 16.20 123.48 8.24
4.28
Resume of deflection :
1. Deflection at service = -3.96 mm
2. Deflection due to Live Load = 8.24 mm < allow. deflection L/800 = 31.25 mm OK
3. Total deflection with LL = 4.28 mm, deflection downward

page 9 / 14
 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

IX. FLEXURAL STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY

9.1 Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 2847-2013 pasal 18.8)

Effectif slab width, is minimum length from :
1. Girder web thickness + 16 Slab thickness =4500 mm for slab with fc' = 25.00 MPa
2. Beam Ctc =1800 mm …. Control b Value = 0.85
3. Span length / 4 =6250 mm
Thus, Effectif slab width is : =1800 mm

Partial Rebar:
fy = 400 MPa
Use 4 Dia.13 mm at tension area
As = 530.93 mm2 b web = 180 mm
d= 1540.5 mm
Partial tension rebar ratio : Rebar in compresion area is neglected due calculation
rt = As / (bweb x d ) rt = 0.00191 rc = 0
wt = rt . fy / fc wt = 0.031 wc = 0
Low Relaxation strand :
fpu = 1860 MPa
Strand stress ratio fpu / fpy = 0.9 value gp = 0.28
2
dp = 1793.3 mm Aps = 3259.74 mm beff = 1800 mm
Prestress ratio :
rp = Aps / (beff x dp ) rp = 0.00100983
fps = fpu {1 - gp / b (rp.fpu/fc + d/dp (wt-wc))) 1797.8 MPa
fps =
wp = rp fps/fc 0.0726208 wp =
Resume of Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 2847-2013 pasal 18.8)
wp + d/dp (wt-wc) < 0.36 b
0.098937 < 0.306 Under Reinf, Meet With Steel Index Requirement
9.2 Momen Capacity
b. eff

Zone 4 Cc4
Cc3
Zone 3
Zone 2 Tps = Aps . Fps
Cc2
a Tps = 5860498.687 N
Zone 1 Cc1
dp d
strength reduction factor
f = 0.8

Tps=Aps.fps
T = As.fy

COMPOSITE BEAM

Location of Depth of Concrete Compression Block (a) :

Zone hi wi Aci=hi.wi Conc. Strength fc'i Cci=0.85 fc'i.Aci Comp (i) Compresion
(mm) (mm) (mm2) MPa N Point (mm) Point (mm)
4 153.21565 1800 275788.17 25.00 CIP Slab 5860499 77
3 0.0 535 0 25.00 CIP Slab 0 153
76.61
2 0 550 0 50.00 Beam 0 153
1 0 180 0 50.00 Beam 0 153

Depth of Concrete Compression Block is located at zone 4

a = Tps / ( 0.85 x fc'' slab x beff ) a= 153.22 mm
Mn = (Tps (dp - comp. point) + As.fy (d - comp. point) Mn = 10371.76 kN.m
f Mn = 8297.4054 kN.m
Bridge life time design for 50 year,so Transient act factor = 1
Mult = 1x 6,625kN-m f Mn / Mult = 1.252 >1, Moment capacity meet with requirement

9.3 Cracking Capacity

Stress at bottom girder section due to service load (sbot at service) = 0.62 MPa Total amount of presstresed and non
prestressed reinforcement in member with
Concrete flexural tension strength fr = 4.9 MPa
bonded prestressed reinforcement shall be
Crack Moment, Mcr = ((fr + fpe ) Wb.comp ) - (Momend/nc (Wb.com/Wb.beam -1) adequate to develop a factored load at
least 1.2 times the cracking load compute
Mcr = 2856.64 kN.m
on the basis of the modulus of rupture fr
fMn / Mcr = 2.905 > 1.2 ---- Cracking Capacity requirement is achieve (SNI 03-2847-2013)

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 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

X. SHEAR ANALYSIS
10.1 Shear calculation based on SNI 2847-2013
Alternatif solution to calculated shear on prestress element is use for structure element which have effective prestress above 40%
of ultimate tensile stress
40% Ultimate Tensile Strength = 744 MPa
Effective Prestress = 1115 MPa Effective Prestress > 40% fpu

Section Properties :
Ix = 1.461E+11 mm4 Ixcomp = 3.914E+11 mm4
Yb = 711.38169 mm Ybcomp = 1180.1 mm
Ag = 477375 mm2

Load :
Effective prestress Pe = 3633.89 kN
Factored Load : Unfactored Load :
qult DL + ADL = 37.8641 kN/m q DL + ADL = 27.2673 kN/m
qult LL = 29.1600 kN/m q sdl = 1.9416 kN/m
Pult LL = 222.2640 kN q DL + ADL = 29.2089 kN/m

Concrete Shear resistance contribution (Vc)

Nominal shear strength provide by concrete
Vc = {0.05sqrt(fc') + 5 (Vu.dp/Mu)}bw.d
but nominal strength (Vc) should taken between : (1/6).sqrt(fc').bw.d < Vc < 0.4sqrt(fc').bw.d
and Vu.dp/Mu ≤ 1
where :
Mu = Maximum factored moment at section
Vu = Maximum factored shear force at section
d = distance from extreme compresion fiber to centroid of prestress tendon.
But d need not to take n less than 0.8 hcomposite
bw = width of shear section

SNI 2847-2013 Pasal 11.1 : Shear force on beam is hold a part by concrete and the rest of force is hold by shear steel. Concrete
contribution (vc), is define as shear force when diagonal cracking appear.
Vn = Vc + Vs where : Vn = Nominal Shear force Vu = Ultimate Shear force
Vn = Vu / f Vc = Concrete shear contribution f = Shear reduction factor
Vs = Shear steel contribution f = 0.75

Zonafication for shear steel stirup calculation

Zone 1 Vn < 0.5 Vc No need to use stirup
Zone 2 Vn < Vc+[0.35 or (75/1200) sqrt(fc')] bw d Required stirup spacing with minimum spacing :
S ≤ 0.75 H S ≤ (av.fy) / (0.35 bw)
S ≤ 600mm S ≤ (av.fy/fpu) (80/Aps) d sqrt(bw/d)
Zone 3 Vn < Vc+0.33 sqrt(fc') bw d Required stirup spacing with spacing :
S ≤ (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/f)-Vc)
S ≤ 0.75 H
S ≤ 600mm
Zone 4 Vn < Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d Required tight stirup spacing with spacing :
S ≤ (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/f)-Vc)
S ≤ 0.375 H
S ≤ 300mm
Zone 5 Vn > Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d Section to small, change beam section

page 11 / 14
 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

Shear rebar steel

fy = 400 MPa shear width :
Use 2 leg Dia.13 mm bw = 180 mm
Av = 265.46 mm2 bw-e = 650 mm

Shear steel requirement calculation table :

dist. ecomp d=dp>0.8H Vu Mu dp(Vu/Mu) Vc Vn Vs Shear Use Space use
m m m kN kN-m kN kN kN Zonasi mm mm
0.1 0.598 1.36 1052.47 105.58 1.00 1308.37 1403.30 94.92 3 600 300
0.48 0.624 1.38 1024.01 493.96 1.00 1333.38 1365.34 31.96 2 600 300
0.95 0.656 1.42 987.95 968.79 1.00 1363.95 1317.26 -46.69 2 600 300
1.7 0.703 1.46 931.01 1679.57 0.81 1160.75 1241.35 80.60 2 600 300
2 0.721 1.48 908.24 1950.52 0.69 1013.43 1210.98 197.55 3 600 300
3 0.778 1.54 832.32 2798.57 0.46 730.73 1109.76 379.03 3 431 300
4 0.829 1.59 756.41 3561.82 0.34 583.48 1008.54 425.07 3 397 300
5 0.874 1.63 680.49 4240.26 0.26 489.61 907.32 417.71 3 415 300
6 0.914 1.67 604.58 4833.90 0.21 421.81 806.10 384.29 3 462 300
7 0.948 1.71 528.66 5342.73 0.17 368.36 704.88 336.52 3 539 300
8 0.976 1.74 452.75 5766.75 0.14 323.41 603.66 280.25 3 600 300
9 0.999 1.76 376.83 6105.97 0.11 283.70 502.44 218.74 3 600 300
10 1.016 1.78 300.92 6360.39 0.08 247.25 401.22 153.98 3 600 300
11 1.027 1.79 225.00 6530.00 0.06 212.75 300.01 87.26 2 600 300
12 1.033 1.79 149.09 6614.80 0.04 179.27 198.79 19.52 2 600 300
12.5 1.033 1.79 111.13 6625.41 0.03 162.68 148.18 -14.50 2 600 300

kN
Shear Steel Requirement Position
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0 Zona 1
Zona 2
1500.0 Zona 3
1000.0 Zona 4
Vn = Vu/f
500.0
0.0

beam section point

x (m) from range nos shear

Shear Rebar configuration
span edge (m) (row)
Shear spacing S - 75 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 100 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 125 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 150 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 200 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 250 0 0 0
Shear spacing S - 300 12.5 12.5 42
total shear rebar per half span (row) = 42
total shear rebar per span (row) = 84

page 12 / 14
 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

10.2 Horisontal Shear

Width of contact surface area bv = 400 mm
Effective Height d= 1552 mm
f = 0.75

fy = 400 MPa
Use 2 leg Dia.13 mm
Area horisontal Shear Steel Avh = 265.46 mm2
Horisontal Shear steel Spacing s= 300 mm
Horisontal Shear steel ratio rv = 0.221%
Shear horisontal Nominal
Vnh = (1.8 Mpa + 0.6 rv. fy) . bv .d (AASHTO 2002 9-29)
Vnh = 1447.04 KN
Requirement for shear horisontal steel :
Vult < fVnh < 350 bv.d
Vult = Ultimate shear due to superimposed DL + LL
Vult = 536.52 kN
fVnh = 1085.28 kN RESUME:
3.5 bv d = 2172.80 kN Shear horisontal : OK
Minimal Use :
bys = 400 mm Spacing = 770.02 mm or 4 tweb = 720 mm
Avh = 50 by.s / fy Max. Spacing = 300.00 mm
Avh = 344.75 mm2/m min no. Spacing = 84 @ 2D13 for shear horisontal / span
Resume = additional shear horizontal required
XI. END BLOCK DESIGN
Block Anchor dimension a
type a b dia hole Block Area Concrete Area
(mm) (mm) (mm) A (mm2) A1 (mm2) A2 (mm2) sqrt(A2/A1)
7 165 165 51 25182.18 27225 1625000 7.73 b
12 215 215 63 43107.75 46225 1950000 6.49
19 265 265 84 64683.23 70225 2275000 5.69
SNI 2847-2013 (Anchorage Zone)
Maximum strand = 11 dia
Anchor Block type = 12 Strand hole
Load factor = 1.1
Reduction factor (f) = 0.9
1. End Bearing
Ultimate Point Load
Pu = min (1.2 x nStrand x Astrand x %JF x fpu , nstrand x Astrand x 96% x fpu)
Pu = 1667.4 kN
End Bearing stress : Nominal concrete comp. :
s comp = Pu / A fci = 40.00 Mpa
s comp = 38.68 MPa min(2, sqrt(A2/A1)) = 2.0
Nominal fci = f x 0.7 x fci x min(2,sqrt (A2/A1))
Nominal fci = 50.40 > scomp = 38.68 MPa

ten- Nos Anchor sheath Ult. Point Block End Bearing Nominal
don strand Height hole Load Area Stress comp. fci
Remark
( ai ) (Pu) (A) (EBS=Pu/A)
mm kN mm2 Mpa Mpa
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 11 215 63 1667.36 43107.75 38.68 50.40 EBS < Nominal Compresion
2 11 215 63 1667.36 43107.75 38.68 50.40 EBS < Nominal Compresion
3 11 215 63 1667.36 43107.75 38.68 50.40 EBS < Nominal Compresion

page 13 / 14
 PC I H-160cm; L-25.6m; CTC-180cm;

2. Stirrup and Spaling Reinforcement

Load factor = 1.2
Reduction factor (f) = 0.85
fy = 400 MPa
Bursting Steel
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm
Stirup Area = 132.7 mm2
ten- Nos Anchor sheath Jacking Bursting End
EBS/0.7 f (fcc'-fci)/4.1 fl / 0.5 fy
don strand Height hole Force Area Bearing sp
( ai ) (Abs) (EBS) fcc' fl rp
mm kN mm2 Mpa Mpa Mpa (mm)
0 0
0 0
0 0
1 11 215 63 1515.7791 43107.75 35.16 59.10 4.7 2.33% 106.0
2 11 215 63 1515.7791 43107.75 35.16 59.10 4.7 2.33% 106.0
3 11 215 63 1515.7791 43107.75 35.16 59.10 4.7 2.33% 106.0
total 33
Anchor Zone Stirup
JF Load = 4547.34 kN S a1 = 645.00 mm
Ult. JF = 5456.80 kN H= 1600 mm
T bursting = 0.25 S Ult.JF (1-Sa1/H) d bursting = 0.5(h-2e)
T bursting = 814.25759 kN d bursting = 911.381688 mm
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm Anchor Stirup Rebar = T bursting / 0.5 fy
No. Leg of stirrup = 4 leg Anchor Stirup Rebar = 4071.3 mm2
Stirup Area = 530.9 mm2 use no of stirup = 8 pcs
Spalling Rebar
Spalling Force = 2% JF
Spalling Force = 90.9 kN
Diameter closed stirup = 13 mm
Stirup Area = 132.7 mm2
use no of stirup = 4 pcs

XII. SHEAR KEY ANALYSIS (FOR SEGMENTAL BEAM ONLY)

item Unit SEC 2-2 SEC 3-3 SEC 4-4 SEC 5-5 the shear load is transferred through the joint by friction
x (m) 4 9.5 15.5 21 and by direct shear capacity of the steel shear pin
at initial stage (Only Beam SW) Shear transfer by joint friction :
σtop (Mpa) 2.56 0.05 0.12 2.58 Vj = μ ⋅σ n ⋅ Ajoint
σbot (Mpa) 14.84 16.49 16.19 14.16 f Vj = f. μ ⋅σ n ⋅ Ajoint
σn (Mpa) 8.70 8.27 8.16 8.37 With : f= 0.75 (ACI 31R8R-14 Table 21.2.1)
Ajoint (mm) 288000 288000 288000 288000 μ= 0.6 (ACI 31R8R-14 Table.22.9.4.2)
f Vj (kN) 1127.6 1071.8 1057.3 1084.9 σn = compressive stress in the joint in MPa
Vult (kN) 119.4 42.1 42.1 119.4 Ajoint = Area under compression
f Vj / Vult 9.4 25.4 25.1 9.1
at Service stage (all DL and Live Load) Shear transfer by steel shear pin (ACI 318-14 D-29):
σtop (Mpa) 8.32 10.36 9.92 7.88 Vpin = 0.6 Apin . fupin
σbot (Mpa) 4.51 0.97 1.32 4.86 f Vpin = f 0.6 Apin . fupin
σn (Mpa) 6.41 5.66 5.62 6.37 With : f= 0.75 (ACI 31R8R-14 Table 21.2.1)
Ajoint (mm) 288000 288000 288000 288000 Apin = Steel shear pin
f Vj (kN) 831.3 733.8 728.1 825.5 fu pin = Ultimate Tensile strength
Vult (kN) 756.4 338.9 338.9 756.4
f Vj / Vult 1.1 2.2 2.1 1.1 Shear steel pin capacity :
Shear steel Pin Requirement Dia Apin fu f Vpin
Exceed Shear - - - - 28 615.8 400 110.84
Min. Shear pin Min.3 Min.3 Min.3 Min.3
Steel shear pin 332.5 332.5 332.5 332.5
Add. shear pin - - - -
Total. shear pin 3 Dia.28 3 Dia.28 3 Dia.28 3 Dia.28

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