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    LBW Assignment

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    Ndungu Gitonga
    Low birth weight, defined as under 2500g, affects 15-20% of global births annually and is associated with both short and long-term health consequences. Rates vary significantly between regions, from 28% in South Asia to 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 9% in Latin America. Low birth weight can increase risks of metabolic, nutritional, and infectious issues as well as neonatal death, accounting for 60-80% of such deaths globally each year according to some estimates. Proper reporting of birth weight data remains a challenge, particularly in home and small clinic deliveries in low-income countries.

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    LBW Assignment

    Uploaded by

    Ndungu Gitonga
    54 views2 pages
    Low birth weight, defined as under 2500g, affects 15-20% of global births annually and is associated with both short and long-term health consequences. Rates vary significantly between regions, from 28% in South Asia to 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 9% in Latin America. Low birth weight can increase risks of metabolic, nutritional, and infectious issues as well as neonatal death, accounting for 60-80% of such deaths globally each year according to some estimates. Proper reporting of birth weight data remains a challenge, particularly in home and small clinic deliveries in low-income countries.

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    Low birth weight

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    Low birth weight, defined as under 2500g, affects 15-20% of global births annually and is associated with both short and long-term health consequences. Rates vary significantly between regions, from 28% in South Asia to 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 9% in Latin America. Low birth weight can increase risks of metabolic, nutritional, and infectious issues as well as neonatal death, accounting for 60-80% of such deaths globally each year according to some estimates. Proper reporting of birth weight data remains a challenge, particularly in home and small clinic deliveries in low-income countries.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    54 views2 pages

    LBW Assignment

    Uploaded by

    Ndungu Gitonga
    Low birth weight, defined as under 2500g, affects 15-20% of global births annually and is associated with both short and long-term health consequences. Rates vary significantly between regions, from 28% in South Asia to 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 9% in Latin America. Low birth weight can increase risks of metabolic, nutritional, and infectious issues as well as neonatal death, accounting for 60-80% of such deaths globally each year according to some estimates. Proper reporting of birth weight data remains a challenge, particularly in home and small clinic deliveries in low-income countries.

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    1.

    Explain how Low birth weight continues to be a significant public health problem

    globally, highlighting both short- and long term consequences 20 marks

    According to WHO [2017], low birth weight [LBW] is defined as weight at birth less than 2500

    g (5.5 lb). Low birth weight continues to be a significant public health problem globally and is

    associated with a range of both short- and long-term consequences. Overall, it is estimated that

    15% to 20% of all births worldwide are LBW, representing more than 20 million births a year.

    Kim and Saada [2019] suggested that there is a lot of considerable variation in the prevalence of

    low birth weight across regions and within countries; however, the great majority of low birth

    weight births occur in low- and middle-income countries and especially in the most vulnerable

    populations6,7. Regional estimates of LBW include 28% in south Asia, 13% in sub-Saharan

    Africa and 9% in Latin America (Lapillonne et al 2019). It is worth noting that these rates are

    high, in spite of the fact that the data on LBW remain limited or unreliable, as many deliveries

    occur in homes or small health clinics and are not reported in official figures, which may result

    in an underestimation of the prevalence of LBW

    Lapillonne et al (2019), noted that low birthweight implies reduced fetal growth prior to delivery

    either through shortened gestation, growth retardation, or both. Generally defined as a newborn

    weighing less than 2500 g (approximately 5.5 pounds) at birth, low birthweight can elevate the

    risk of death from a variety of metabolic, nutritional, and infectious processes. It is estimated that

    low birthweight occurs in approximately 15% of all newborns, almost 20 million infants

    annually throughout the world, with the largest contribution coming from South Asia. This 15%

    of births, however, accounts for some 60–80% of all neonatal deaths (Lapillonne et al 2019).
    Lapillonne A, O’Connor DL, Wang D, Rigo J. [2019]. Nutritional recommendations for the late-

    preterm infant and the preterm infant after hospital discharge. J Pediatr.;162:S90–S100.

    doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.11.058.

    Sherry B, Mei Z, Grummer-Strawn L, Dietz WH. [2013]. Evaluation of and recommendations

    for growth references for very low birth weight (<=1500 gm) infants in the United States.

    Pediatrics; 111(4):750-758

    Casey PH, Kraemer HC, Bernbaum J, Yogman MW, Sells JC. [2019]. Growth status and growth

    rates of a varied sample of low birth weight, preterm infants: A longitudinal cohort from

    birth to three years of age. Journal of Pediatrics;119, 599-605.

    Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden C, Grummer-Strawn L, [2000]. CDC Growth Charts: United States.

    Advance Data Report No. 314. NCHS.

    National Center for Health Statistics [2000]. CDC Growth Charts: United States. Advance Data

    No. 314, Vital and Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,

    May 30,.

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