Knitting &

Knit Fabrics
What's Knitting?
DEVELOPMENT OF KNITTING
Knitted Fabric Making
KNITTED FABRIC IS CONSTRUCTED BY FORMING THE YARNS INTO
LOOPS.
THE VERTICAL ROWS OF LOOPS STITCHES IN KNIT FABRIC ARE
KNOWN AS WALES AND THE HORIZONTAL ROWS OF LOOPS ARE
CALLED COURSES.
THE LOOPS ARE FORMED BY A GROUP OF NEEDLES OR SHAFTS,
WHICH ARE ARRANGED ONE AFTER THE OTHER IN THE KNIT-TING
MACHINE ON THE NEEDLE PLATE.
THE NEEDLES ARE EVENLY PLACED.
SINKER IS USED TO PULL THE NEEDLES DOWN, WHICH PULLS THE
YARN INTO THE PREVIOUS LOOP.
THE KNITTED FABRIC IS PULLED DOWN AND ROLLED AT THE
BASE OF THE MACHINE AND COLLECTED FOR FUR-THER USE.
THE TYPES OF KNIT
CLASSIFICATION
OF KNITTING
Knitting is divided into two main groups as warp and
weft knitting.
Warp knitted fab-rics are produced by a series of yarn
forming loops in the lengthwise direction of the fab-
ric.
Weft knitted fabrics is produced when one continuous
yarn forms the loops in the crosswise directions.
The most common types of warp knitt fabrics are
Tricot knit, Raschel, Milanese and Simples knit.
The different kinds of weft knits are plain, purl and rib.
Both weft and warp knitting can be incorporated in the
jacquard mechanism to produce fancy knitted fabrics.
WARP KNITTING
Warp knitting represents the fastest
method of producing fabric from yarns.
Warp knitting differs from weft knitting in
that each needle loops its own thread.
The needles produce parallel rows of loops
simultaneously that are interlocked in a
zigzag pattern.
The loops are joined together in a width-
wise direction by moving the threads back
and forth between adjacent needles.
The fabric is produced in sheet or flat form
using one or more sets of warp yarns.
The yarns are fed from warp beams to a
row of needles extending across the width
of the machine.
Two common types of warp knitting
machines are the Tricot and Raschel
machines.
 WARP KNIT STRUCTURE
A warp knitted structure is made up of
two parts. The first is the stitch itself,
which is formed by wrapping the yarn
around the needle and drawing it through
the previously knitted loop.
This wrapping of the yarn is called an
overlap.
The diagram shows the path taken by the
eyelet of one yarn guide traveling through
the needle line, making a lateral overlap
(shog) and making a return swing.
This movement wraps the yarn around
the needle ready for the knock-over
displacement.
WEFT KNITTING
Weft knitting is the simplest method of
converting a yarn into fabrics.
Weft knitting is a method of forming a fabric
in which the loops are made in horizontal
way from a single yarn and interlooping of
loops take place in a circular or flat form on
a crosswise basis.
In this method each weft thread is fed, more
or less, at right-angle to direction in which
fabric is formed.
Each course in a weft knit builds upon the
previous knitted course.
Most of the weft knitting is of tubular form.
TYPES OF WEFT
KNITTING
Plain Knit
Purl Knit
Interlock Knit
Rib Knit
PLAIN KNIT CHARACTERISTICS
IF A WEFT KNITTED FABRIC HAS ONE SIDE
CONSISTING ONLY OF FACE STITCHES, AND STRETCH CROSSWISE
THE OPPOSITE SIDE CONSISTING OF BACK AND LENGTHWISE
STITCHES, THEN IT IS DESCRIBED AS A STRETCHES MORE IN
PLAIN KNITTED FABRIC. THE CROSSWISE
IT IS ALSO FREQUENTLY REFERRED TO AS TEND TO RUN OR
A SINGLE JERSEY FABRIC (SINGLE LADDER IF STITCH
FABRIC). PLAIN KNITTED FABRICS ARE BREAKS
PRODUCED BY USING ONE LINEAR ARRAY
OF NEEDLES. FABRIC LESS STABLE
AS SUCH ALL THE STITCHES ARE MESHED AND CURLS WHEN CUT
IN ONE DIRECTION. THESE FABRICS TEND SPECIAL FINISHES
TO ROLL AT THEIR EDGES. COUNTERACT
THEY ROLL FROM THEIR TECHNICAL BACK CURLING AND
TOWARDS THE TECHNICAL FRONT AT THE IMPROVE STABILITY
TOP AND LOWER EDGES.
THEY ALSO ROLL FROM THEIR TECHNICAL HIGHEST MACHINE
FRONT TOWARDS THE TECHNICAL BACK PRODUCTIVITY
AT THEIR SELVEDGES (THE SELF-FINISHED
LEFT AND RIGHT-HAND EDGES OF THE
FABRIC.
END USES
SHEETS
SWEATERS
TERRY ROBES
T-SHIRTS
MEN'S
UNDERWEAR
DRESSES
HOSIERY AND
PANTYHOSE
FULLY FASHION
GARMENTS
PURL KNIT CHARACTERISTICS
IF ON BOTH SIDES OF A RELAXED WEFT KNITTED SLOWEST OF THE
FABRIC ONLY REVERSE STITCHES ARE VISIBLE, KNITTING MACHINES
THEN THIS IS DEFINED AS A PURL KNITTED
FABRIC. BOTH SIDE SIMILAR
PURL FABRICS ARE PRODUCED BY MESHING THE APPEARANCE
STITCHES IN ADJACENT COURSES IN OPPOSITE MORE EXPENSIVE
DIRECTIONS EITHER BY USING SPECIAL LATCH GOOD STRETCH IN ALL
NEEDLES WITH TWO NEEDLE HOOKS OR BY DIRECTION
TRANSFERRING THE FABRIC FROM BED TO BED STRETCHES OUT OF
BETWEEN EACH KNITTING ACTION.
WHEN THE FABRIC IS STRETCHED LENGTHWISE, SHAPE EASILY
THEN THE FACE STITCHES ARE VISIBLE. CROSSWISE STRETCH
LESS THAN A JERSEY
KNIT
THICKER THAN JERSEY
KNITS
DOES NOT CURL
CAN BE UNROVE FROM
EITHER END
END USES
INFANT AND
CHILDREN'S
WEAR
SWEATERS
SCARVES
FANCY GARMENT
PARTS
INTERLOCK KNIT
INTERLOCK KNITTED STRUCTURES CHARACTERISTICS
COULD BE CONSIDERED AS A REVERSIBLE
COMBINATION OF TWO RIB KNITTED IT DOES NOT CURL
STRUCTURES. FIRMER FABRIC
THE REVERSE STITCHES OF ONE RIB
KNITTED STRUCTURE ARE COVERED LESS EXTENSIBLE
BY THE FACE STITCHES OF THE AS COMPARED TO
SECOND RIB KNITTED STRUCTURE. OTHER JERSEY
ON BOTH SIDES OF THE FABRIC, FABRICS
THEREFORE, ONLY FACE STITCHES HEAVIER AND
ARE VISIBLE, AND IT IS DIFFICULT TO THICKER AS
DETECT THE REVERSE STITCHES EVEN COMPARE TO RIB
WHEN THE FABRIC IS STRETCHED IT UNROVE FROM THE
WIDTHWISE. COURSE KNITTED
THE GEOMETRY OF THE YARN PATH THE LAST
INFLUENCES THE STRETCH BEHAVIOR COSTLIER FABRIC
OF THE KNITTED FABRICS. BETTER INSULATOR
END USES
OUTWEAR FABRIC
DRESS WEAR
SKIRT
BLOUSES
T-SHIRTS
RIB KNIT CHARACTERISTICS
IF ON BOTH SIDES OF A RELAXED WEFT ALSO CALLED AS DOUBLE
KNITTED FABRIC ONLY FACE STITCHES JERSEYS FABRIC
ARE VISIBLE, THEN IT IS REFERRED TO AS ITS REVERSIBLE FABRIC
A RIB KNITTED FABRIC. MORE ELASTIC THAN
IT IS PRODUCED BY MESHING THE
STITCHES IN ADJACENT WALES IN JERSEY KNITS
OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS. MORE THICKER THAN
THIS IS ACHIEVED BY KNITTING WITH TWO JERSEY KNITS
NEEDLE SYSTEMS WHICH ARE PLACED MORE STRETCH
OPPOSITE TO ONE ANOTHER OTHER. CROSSWISE THAN
AS SUCH THESE FABRICS ARE ALSO LENGTHWISE
KNOWN AS DOUBLE JERSEY OR DOUBLE EDGES DO NOT CURL
FACE FABRICS. WHEN THE FABRIC IS VERY STABLE
STRETCHED WIDTHWISE, BOTH SIDES OF
THE FABRIC SHOW ALTERNATELY FACE RUNNING AND LADDERING
AND REVERSE STITCHES IN EACH COURSE. STILL A PROBLEM
ONCE THE FABRIC IS RELEASED, IT MORE EXPENSIVE TO
SHRINKS IN ITS WIDTH, THUS HIDING THE PRODUCE
REVERSE STITCHES BETWEEN THE FACE NEXT HIGHEST MACHINE
STITCHES. PRODUCTIVITY
THESE FABRICS DO NOT CURL AT THEIR
EDGES.
END USES
COLLARS AND
CUFFS
NECKLINES
BOTTOM EDGES
OF SWEATERS
DOUBLE KNITS
JACKETS
KNIT HATS
MEN'S HOSIERY
WOVEN VS KNITTED
WOVEN VS KNITTED
Thank You!